PART 3Regulation of health and adult social care services
CHAPTER 3Licensing
Licensing requirement
81Requirement for health service providers to be licensed
(1)
Any person who provides a health care service for the purposes of the NHS must hold a licence under this Chapter.
(2)
Regulations may make provision for the purposes of this Chapter for determining, in relation to a service provided by two or more persons acting in different capacities, which of those persons is to be regarded as the person who provides the service.
82Deemed breach of requirement to be licensed
(1)
This section applies where a licence holder—
(a)
in providing a health care service for the purposes of the NHS, carries on a regulated activity (within the meaning of Part 1 of the Health and Social Care Act 2008), but
(b)
is not registered under Chapter 2 of Part 1 of that Act in respect of the carrying on of that activity.
(2)
The licence holder is to be regarded as providing the service in breach of the requirement under section 81 to hold a licence.
83Exemption regulations
(1)
Regulations (referred to in this section and section 84 as “exemption regulations”) may provide for the grant of exemptions from the requirement under section 81 in respect of—
(a)
a prescribed person or persons of a prescribed description;
(b)
the provision of a prescribed health care service or a health care service of a prescribed description.
(2)
Exemption regulations may grant an exemption—
(a)
either generally or to the extent prescribed;
(b)
either unconditionally or subject to prescribed conditions;
(c)
indefinitely, for a prescribed period or for a period determined by or under the exemption.
(3)
Conditions subject to which an exemption may be granted include, in particular, conditions requiring any person providing a service pursuant to the exemption—
(a)
to comply with any direction given by F1NHS England about such matters as are specified in the exemption or are of a description so specified,
(b)
except to the extent that F2NHS England otherwise approves, to do, or not to do, such things as are specified in the exemption or are of a description so specified (or to do, or not to do, such things in a specified manner), and
(c)
to refer for determination by F3NHS England such questions arising under the exemption as are specified in the exemption or are of a description so specified.
(4)
Before making exemption regulations the Secretary of State must give notice to—
F4(a)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)
F5NHS England, and
(c)
the Care Quality Commission and its Healthwatch England committee.
(5)
The Secretary of State must also publish a notice under subsection (4).
(6)
A notice under subsection (4) must—
(a)
state that the Secretary of State proposes to make exemption regulations and set out their proposed effect,
(b)
set out the Secretary of State's reasons for the proposal, and
(c)
specify the period (“the notice period”) within which representations with respect to the proposal may be made.
(7)
The notice period must be not less than 28 days beginning with the day after that on which the notice is published under subsection (5).
(8)
Where an exemption is granted the Secretary of State—
(a)
if the exemption is granted to a prescribed person, must give notice of it to that person, and
(b)
must publish the exemption.
84Exemption regulations: supplementary
(1)
Regulations may revoke exemption regulations by which an exemption was granted to a person, or amend such regulations by which more than one exemption was so granted so as to withdraw any of the exemptions—
(a)
at the person's request,
(b)
in accordance with any provision of the exemption regulations by which the exemption was granted, or
(c)
if the Secretary of State considers it to be inappropriate for the exemption to continue to have effect.
(2)
Regulations may revoke exemption regulations by which an exemption was granted to persons of a prescribed description, or amend such regulations by which more than one exemption was so granted so as to withdraw any of the exemptions—
(a)
in accordance with any provision of the exemption regulations by which the exemption was granted, or
(b)
if the Secretary of State considers it to be inappropriate for the exemption to continue to have effect.
(3)
The Secretary of State may by direction withdraw an exemption granted to persons of a description prescribed in exemption regulations for any person of that description—
(a)
at the person's request,
(b)
in accordance with any provision of the exemption regulations by which the exemption was granted, or
(c)
if the Secretary of State considers it to be inappropriate for the exemption to continue to have effect in the case of the person.
(4)
Subsection (5) applies where the Secretary of State proposes to—
(a)
make regulations under subsection (1)(b) or (c) or (2), or
(b)
give a direction under subsection (3)(b) or (c).
(5)
The Secretary of State must—
(a)
consult the following about the proposal—
F6(i)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii)
F7NHS England;
(iii)
the Care Quality Commission and its Healthwatch England committee;
(b)
where the Secretary of State is proposing to make regulations under subsection (1)(b) or (c), give notice of the proposal to the person to whom the exemption was granted;
(c)
where the Secretary of State is proposing to make regulations under subsection (2), publish the notice;
(d)
where the Secretary of State is proposing to give a direction under subsection (3)(b) or (c), give notice of the proposal to the person from whom the Secretary of State proposes to withdraw the exemption.
(6)
The notice must—
(a)
state that the Secretary of State proposes to make the regulations or give the direction (as the case may be),
(b)
set out the Secretary of State's reasons for the proposal, and
(c)
specify the period within which representations with respect to the proposal may be made.
(7)
The period so specified must be not less than 28 days beginning with the day after that on which the notice is received or (as the case may be) published.
Licensing procedure
85Application for licence
(1)
A person seeking to hold a licence under this Chapter must make an application to F8NHS England.
(2)
The application must be made in such form, and contain or be accompanied by such information, as F9NHS England requires.
86Licensing criteria
(1)
F10NHS England must set and publish the criteria which must be met by a person in order for that person to be granted a licence under this Chapter.
(2)
F10NHS England may revise the criteria and, if it does so, must publish them as revised.
(3)
F10NHS England may not set or revise the criteria unless the Secretary of State has by order approved the criteria or (as the case may be) revised criteria.
87Grant or refusal of licence
(1)
This section applies where an application for a licence has been made under section 85.
(2)
If F11NHS England is satisfied that the applicant meets the criteria for holding a licence for the time being published under section 86 it must as soon as reasonably practicable grant the application; otherwise it must refuse it.
(3)
On granting the application, F12NHS England must issue a licence to the applicant.
(4)
A licence issued under this section is subject to—
(a)
such of the standard conditions (see section 94) as are applicable to the licence, F13and
(b)
such other conditions included in the licence by virtue of section 95 (referred to in this Chapter as “the special conditions”), F14and
(c)
F14any conditions included in the licence by virtue of section 111 (imposition of licence conditions on NHS foundation trusts during transitional period).
88Application and grant: NHS foundation trusts
F15(1)
This section applies where—
(a)
an NHS trust becomes an NHS foundation trust in pursuance of section 36 of the National Health Service Act 2006 (effect of authorisation of NHS foundation trust), or
(b)
an NHS foundation trust is established under sections 56 or 56B of that Act (mergers and separations).
(2)
The NHS foundation trust is to be treated by F16NHS England as having—
(a)
duly made an application for a licence under section 85, and
(b)
met the criteria for holding a licence for the time being published under section 86.
(3)
An NHS foundation trust in existence on the day on which this section comes into force is to be treated for the purposes of this section as having become an NHS foundation trust pursuant to section 36 of the National Health Service Act 2006 on that day.
89Revocation of licence
F17NHS England may at any time revoke a licence under this Chapter—
(a)
on the application of the licence holder, or
(b)
if F17NHS England is satisfied that the licence holder has failed to comply with a condition of the licence.
90Right to make representations
(1)
F18NHS England must give notice—
(a)
to an applicant for a licence under this Chapter of a proposal to refuse the application;
(b)
to the licence holder of a proposal to revoke a licence under section 89(b).
(2)
A notice under this section must—
(a)
set out F19NHS England’s reasons for its proposal;
(b)
specify the period within which representations with respect to the proposal may be made to F20NHS England.
(3)
The period so specified must be not less than 28 days beginning with the day after that on which the notice is received.
91Notice of decisions
(1)
This section applies if F21NHS England decides to—
(a)
refuse an application for a licence under section 87, or
(b)
revoke a licence under section 89(b).
(2)
F22NHS England must give notice of its decision to the applicant or the licence holder (as the case may be).
(3)
A notice under this section must explain the right of appeal conferred by section 92.
(4)
A decision of F23NHS England to revoke a licence under section 89(b) takes effect on such day as may be specified by F23NHS England, being a day no earlier than—
(a)
if an appeal is brought under section 92, the day on which the decision on appeal is confirmed or the appeal is abandoned,
(b)
(c)
the day after that period.
92Appeals to the Tribunal
(1)
An appeal lies to the First-tier Tribunal against a decision of F24NHS England to—
(a)
refuse an application for a licence under section 87, or
(b)
revoke a licence under section 89(b).
(2)
The grounds for an appeal under this section are that the decision was—
(a)
based on an error of fact,
(b)
wrong in law, or
(c)
unreasonable.
(3)
On an appeal under this section, the First-tier Tribunal may—
(a)
confirm F25NHS England’s decision,
(b)
direct that the decision is not to have effect, or
(c)
remit the decision to F26NHS England.
93Register of licence holders
(1)
F27NHS England must maintain and publish a register of licence holders.
(2)
The register may contain such information as F27NHS England considers appropriate for the purpose of keeping members of the public informed about licence holders including, in particular, information about the revocation of any licence under this Chapter.
(3)
F27NHS England must secure that copies of the register are available at its offices for inspection at all reasonable times by any person.
(4)
Any person who asks F27NHS England for a copy of, or an extract from, the register is entitled to have one.
(5)
Regulations may provide that subsections (3) and (4) do not apply—
(a)
in such circumstances as may be prescribed, or
(b)
to such parts of the register as may be prescribed.
(6)
A fee determined by F28NHS England is payable for the copy or extract except—
(a)
in such circumstances as may be prescribed, or
(b)
in any case where F28NHS England considers it appropriate to provide the copy or extract free of charge.
Licence conditions
94Standard conditions
(1)
F29NHS England must determine and publish the conditions to be included in each licence under this Chapter (referred to in this Chapter as “the standard conditions”).
(2)
Different standard conditions may be determined for different descriptions of licences.
(3)
For the purposes of subsection (2) a description of licences may, in particular, be framed wholly or partly by reference to—
(a)
the nature of the licence holder,
(b)
the services provided under the licence, or
(c)
the areas in which those services are provided.
(4)
But different standard conditions must not be determined for different descriptions of licences to the extent that the description is framed by reference to the nature of the licence holder unless F30NHS England considers that at least one of requirements 1 and 2 is met.
(5)
Requirement 1 is that—
(a)
the standard conditions in question relate to the governance of licence holders, and
(b)
it is necessary to determine different standard conditions in order to take account of differences in the status of different licence holders.
(6)
Requirement 2 is that it is necessary to determine different standard conditions for the purpose of ensuring that the burdens to which different licence holders are subject as a result of holding a licence are broadly consistent.
F31(7)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F31(8)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F31(9)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F31(10)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F31(11)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
95Special conditions
(1)
F32NHS England may—
(a)
F33... include a special condition in a licence under this Chapter, and
(b)
F34... modify a special condition of a licence.
(2)
Before including a special condition or making such modifications F35NHS England must give notice to—
(a)
the applicant or the licence holder (as the case may be),
(b)
the Secretary of State,
F36(c)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(d)
such F37integrated care boards as are likely to be affected by the proposed inclusion or modifications, and
(e)
the Care Quality Commission and its Healthwatch England committee.
(3)
F38NHS England must also publish the notice under subsection (2).
(4)
The notice under subsection (2) must—
(a)
state that F39NHS England proposes to include the special condition or make the modifications and set out its or their proposed effect,
(b)
set out F40NHS England’s reasons for the proposal, and
(c)
specify the period (“the notice period”) within which representations with respect to the proposal may be made to F41NHS England.
(5)
The notice period must be not less than 28 days beginning with the day after that on which the notice is published under subsection (3).
(6)
In this section, a reference to modifying a condition includes a reference to amending, omitting or adding a condition.
96Limits on F42NHS England’s functions to set or modify licence conditions
(1)
This section applies to the following functions of F43NHS England —
(a)
the duty to determine the standard conditions to be included in each licence under this Chapter or in licences of a particular description (see section 94);
(b)
the powers to include a special condition in a licence and to modify such a condition (see section 95);
(c)
the power to modify the standard conditions applicable to all licences, or to licences of a particular description (see section 100).
(2)
F44NHS England may only exercise a function to which this section applies—
(a)
for the purpose of regulating the price payable for the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS;
(b)
for the purpose of preventing anti-competitive behaviour in the provision of health care services for those purposes which is against the interests of people who use such services;
(c)
for the purpose of protecting and promoting the right of patients to make choices with respect to treatment or other health care services provided for the purposes of the NHS;
(d)
for the purpose of ensuring the continued provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS;
F45(da)
for the purpose of ensuring that decisions relating to the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS are made with regard to all their likely effects in relation to the matters referred to in subsection (2A);
(e)
for the purpose of enabling health care services provided for the purposes of the NHS to be provided in an integrated way where F46NHS England considers that this would achieve one or more of the objectives referred to in subsection (3);
(f)
for the purpose of enabling the provision of health care services provided for the purposes of the NHS to be integrated with the provision of health-related services or social care services where F47NHS England considers that this would achieve one or more of the objectives referred to in subsection (3);
F48(g)
for the purpose of enabling, promoting or securing co-operation between providers of health care services for the purposes of the NHS, or between such providers and—
(i)
NHS bodies, within the meaning of section 72 of the National Health Service Act 2006, or
(ii)
local authorities in England (and for this purpose “local authority” has the meaning given by section 275(1) of the National Health Service Act 2006);
(h)
for purposes connected with the governance of persons providing health care services for the purposes of the NHS;
(i)
for purposes connected with F49NHS England’s functions in relation to the register of NHS foundation trusts required to be maintained under section 39 of the National Health Service Act 2006;
(j)
for purposes connected with the operation of the licensing regime established by this Chapter;
F50(k)
for such other purposes as may be prescribed.
F51(2A)
The matters referred to in subsection (2)(da) are—
(a)
the health and well-being of the people of England;
(b)
the quality of services provided to individuals—
(i)
by relevant bodies, or
(ii)
in pursuance of arrangements made by relevant bodies,
for or in connection with the prevention, diagnosis or treatment of illness, as part of the health service in England;
(c)
efficiency and sustainability in relation to the use of resources by relevant bodies for the purposes of the health service in England.
(2B)
For the purposes of subsection (2)(da) (as read with subsection (2A))—
(a)
a reference to the effects of decisions in relation to the health and well-being of the people of England includes a reference to the effects of the decisions in relation to inequalities between the people of England with respect to their health and well-being;
(b)
a reference to effects of decisions in relation to the quality of services provided to individuals includes a reference to the effects of the decisions in relation to inequalities between individuals with respect to the benefits that they can obtain from those services.
(2C)
In subsection (2A) “relevant bodies” means—
(a)
NHS England,
(b)
integrated care boards,
(c)
NHS trusts established under section 25, and
(d)
NHS foundation trusts.
(3)
The objectives referred to in subsection (2)(e), F52and (f) are—
(a)
improving the quality of health care services provided for the purposes of the NHS (including the outcomes that are achieved from their provision) or the efficiency of their provision,
(b)
reducing inequalities between persons with respect to their ability to access those services, and
(c)
reducing inequalities between persons with respect to the outcomes achieved for them by the provision of those services.
(4)
F53NHS England must not exercise a function to which this section applies in a way which it considers would result in a particular licence holder or holders of licences of a particular description being put at an unfair advantage or disadvantage in competing with others in the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS as a result of—
(a)
being in the public or (as the case may be) private sector, or
(b)
some other aspect of its or their status.
(5)
In subsection (2)(f), “health-related services” and “social care services” each have the meaning given in section 62(11).
97Conditions: supplementary
(1)
The standard or special conditions of a licence under this Chapter may, in particular, include conditions—
(a)
(b)
requiring the licence holder to comply with any requirement imposed on it by F55NHS England under Chapter 6 (financial assistance in special administration cases),
(c)
requiring the licence holder to do, or not to do, specified things or things of a specified description (or to do, or not to do, any such things in a specified manner) within such period as may be specified in order to prevent anti-competitive behaviour in the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS which is against the interests of people who use such services,
(d)
requiring the licence holder to give notice to the F56CMA before entering into an arrangement under which, or a transaction in consequence of which, the licence holder's activities, and the activities of one or more other businesses, cease to be distinct activities,
(e)
(f)
requiring the licence holder to publish such information as may be specified or as F58NHS England may direct,
(g)
(h)
requiring the licence holder to comply with other rules published by F60NHS England about the charging for the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS,
(i)
requiring the licence holder—
(i)
to do, or not to do, specified things or things of a specified description (or to do, or not to do, any such things in a specified manner) within such period as may be specified in order to ensure the continued provision of one or more of the health care services that the licence holder provides for the purposes of the NHS,
(ii)
to give F61NHS England notice (of such period as may be determined by or under the licence) of the licence holder's intention to cease providing a health care service for the purposes of the NHS, and
(j)
about the use or disposal by the licence holder of assets used in the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS in order to ensure the continued provision of one or more of the health care services that the licence holder provides for those purposes, and
(k)
about the making by the licence holder of investment in relation to the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS in order to ensure the continued provision of one or more of the health care services that the licence holder provides for those purposes.
(2)
In subsection (1) “specified” means specified in a condition.
(3)
F63NHS England must not include a condition under subsection (1)(c) that requires the licence holder (A) to provide another licence holder with access to facilities of A.
(4)
A condition under subsection (1)(d)—
(a)
may be included only in the licence of an NHS foundation trust or a body which (or part of which) used to be an NHS trust established under section 25 of the National Health Service Act 2006, and
(b)
ceases to have effect at the end of the period of five years beginning with the day on which it is included in the licence.
(5)
The references in subsection (1)(d) to the activities of a licence holder or other business include a reference to part of the activities concerned.
(6)
The references in subsections (1)(d) and (5) to the activities of a business include a reference to the activities of an NHS foundation trust in so far as its activities would not otherwise be the activities of a business.
(7)
A condition of a licence under this Chapter may provide that it is to have effect, or cease to have effect, at such times and in such circumstances as may be determined by or under the conditions.
98Conditions relating to the continuation of the provision of services etc.
(1)
The things which a licence holder may be required to do by a condition under section 97(1)(i)(i) include, in particular—
(a)
providing information to the commissioners of services to which the condition applies and to such other persons as F64NHS England may direct,
(b)
allowing F65NHS England to enter premises owned or controlled by the licence holder and to inspect the premises and anything on them, and
(c)
co-operating with such persons as F66NHS England may appoint to assist in the management of the licence holder's affairs, business and property.
(2)
A commissioner of services to which a condition under section 97(1)(i), (j) or (k) applies must co-operate with persons appointed under subsection (1)(c) in their provision of the assistance that they have been appointed to provide.
(3)
Where a licence includes a condition under section 97(1)(i), (j) or (k), F67NHS England must carry out an ongoing assessment of the risks to the continued provision of services to which the condition applies.
(4)
F68NHS England must publish guidance—
(a)
for commissioners of a service to which a condition under section 97(1)(i), (j) or (k) applies about the exercise of their functions in connection with the licence holders who provide the service, and
(b)
for such licence holders about the conduct of their affairs, business and property at a time at which such a condition applies.
(5)
A commissioner of services to which a condition under section 97(1)(i), (j), or (k) applies must have regard to guidance under subsection (4)(a).
F69(5A)
In subsections (4)(a) and (5) “commissioner” does not include NHS England.
(6)
F70NHS England may revise guidance under subsection (4) and, if it does so, must publish the guidance as revised.
(7)
Before publishing guidance under subsection (4) or (6), F71NHS England must obtain the approval of—
(a)
the Secretary of State, F72...
F72(b)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
99Notification of commissioners where continuation of services at risk
(1)
This section applies where F73NHS England—
(a)
takes action in the case of a licence holder in reliance on a condition in the licence under section 97(1)(i), (j) or (k), and
(b)
does so because it is satisfied that the continued provision for the purposes of the NHS of health care services to which that condition applies is being put at significant risk by the configuration of certain health care services provided for those purposes.
(2)
In subsection (1), a reference to the provision of services is a reference to their provision by the licence holder or any other provider.
F74(3)
NHS England must as soon as reasonably practicable notify such integrated care boards as NHS England considers appropriate—
(a)
of the action it has taken, and
(b)
of its reasons for being satisfied as mentioned in subsection (1)(b).
(4)
(5)
100Modification of standard conditions
(1)
F79NHS England may, subject to the requirements of this section, modify the standard conditions applicable to all licences under this Chapter or to licences of a particular description.
F80(1A)
Before making modifications under subsection (1) that NHS England consider to be a major change, NHS England must—
(a)
carry out an assessment of the likely impact of the modifications, or
(b)
publish a statement setting out its reasons for concluding that such assessment is not needed.
(2)
(a)
each relevant licence holder,
(b)
the Secretary of State,
F83(c)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(d)
every F84integrated care board, and
(e)
the Care Quality Commission and its Healthwatch England committee.
(3)
F85NHS England must also publish the notice under subsection (2).
(4)
The notice under subsection (2) must—
(a)
state that F86NHS England proposes to make the modifications,
(b)
set out the proposed effect of the modifications,
(c)
set out F88NHS England’s reasons for the proposal, and
(d)
specify the period (“the notice period”) within which representations with respect to the proposal may be made to F89NHS England.
(5)
The notice period must be not less than 28 days beginning with the day after that on which the notice is published under subsection (3).
F90(6)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F90(7)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F90(8)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F90(9)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(10)
Where F91NHS England modifies the standard conditions applicable to all licences or (as the case may be) to licences of a particular description under this section, F91NHS England—
(a)
may also make such incidental or consequential modifications as it considers necessary or expedient of any other conditions of a licence which is affected by the modifications,
(b)
must make (as nearly as may be) the same modifications of those conditions for the purposes of their inclusion in all licences or (as the case may be) licences of that description granted after that time, and
(c)
must publish the modifications.
(11)
In this sectionF92..., “relevant licence holder”—
(a)
in relation to proposed modifications of the standard conditions applicable to all licences, means any licence holder, and
(b)
in relation to proposed modifications of the standard conditions applicable to licences of a particular description, means a holder of a licence of that description.
(12)
In this section, a reference to modifying a condition includes a reference to amending, omitting or adding a condition.
F94101Modification references to the F93CMA
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102Modification of conditions by order under other enactments
(1)
This section applies where the F95CMA or Secretary of State (the “relevant authority”) makes a relevant order.
(2)
A relevant order may modify—
(a)
the conditions of a particular licence, or
(b)
the standard conditions applicable to all licences under this Chapter or to licences of a particular description.
(3)
The modifications which may be made by a relevant order are those which the relevant authority considers necessary or expedient for the purpose of giving effect to, or taking account of, any provision made by the order.
(4)
In this section “relevant order” means—
(a)
an order under section 75, 83 or 84 of, or paragraph 5, 10 or 11 of Schedule 7 to, the Enterprise Act 2002 where one or more of the enterprises which have, or may have, ceased to be distinct enterprises were engaged in the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS;
(b)
an order under any of those provisions of that Act where one or more of the enterprises which will or may cease to be distinct enterprises is engaged in the provision of health care services for the purposes of the NHS;
(c)
an order under section 160 or 161 of that Act where the feature, or combination of features, of the market F96or markets in the United Kingdom for goods or services which prevents, restricts or distorts competition relates to—
(i)
(ii)
the provision of those services.
(5)
The modification under subsection (2)(a) of part of a standard condition of a licence does not prevent any other part of the condition from continuing to be regarded as a standard condition for the purposes of this Chapter.
(6)
Where the relevant authority modifies the standard conditions applicable to all licences or (as the case may be) to licences of a particular description under this section, the relevant authority—
(a)
may, after consultation with F99NHS England, make such incidental or consequential modifications as the relevant authority considers necessary or expedient of any other conditions of any licence which is affected by the modifications,
(b)
must also make (as nearly as may be) the same modifications of those conditions for the purposes of their inclusion in all licences or (as the case may be) licences of that description granted after that time, and
(c)
must publish any modifications it makes under paragraph (b).
(7)
Expressions used in subsection (4) and in Part 3 or (as the case may be) Part 4 of the Enterprise Act 2002 have the same meaning in that subsection as in that Part.
(8)
In this section, a reference to modifying a condition includes a reference to amending, omitting or adding a condition.
103Standard condition as to transparency of certain criteria
(1)
The standard conditions applicable to any licence under this Chapter must include a condition requiring the licence holder to—
(a)
set transparent eligibility and selection criteria, and
(b)
apply those criteria in a transparent way to persons who, having a choice of persons from whom to receive health care services for the purposes of the NHS, choose to receive them from the licence holder.
(2)
“Eligibility and selection criteria”, in relation to a licence holder, means criteria for determining—
(a)
whether a person is eligible, or is to be selected, to receive health care services provided by the licence holder for the purposes of the NHS, and
(b)
if the person is selected, the manner in which the services are provided to the person.
(3)
The following powers must not be exercised so as to omit the condition mentioned in subsection (1) from any licence under this Chapter—
(a)
F100the power conferred on NHS England by section 100 to modify the standard conditions applicable to all licences, or to licences of a particular description,
F101(b)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and
(c)
the powers conferred by section 102 on the F102CMA and Secretary of State to modify those conditions or the conditions of a particular licence.
Enforcement
104Power to require documents and information
(1)
F103NHS England may require a person mentioned in subsection (2) to provide it with any information, documents, records or other items which it considers it necessary or expedient to have for the purposes of any of its regulatory functions.
(2)
The persons are—
(a)
an applicant for a licence under this Chapter,
(b)
a licence holder,
(c)
a person who has provided, or is providing, a health care service for the purposes of the NHS in accordance with an exemption by virtue of section 83 from the requirement to hold a licence under this Chapter,
(d)
a person who has provided, or is providing, a health care service for the purposes of the NHS in breach of that requirement,
F104(e)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and
F105(f)
an integrated care board.
(3)
The power in subsection (1) includes, in relation to information, documents or records kept by means of a computer, power to require the provision of the information, documents or records in legible form.
F106(4)
105Discretionary requirements
(1)
F107NHS England may impose one or more discretionary requirements on a person if F107NHS England is satisfied that the person—
(a)
has provided, or is providing, a health care service for the purposes of the NHS in breach of the requirement to hold a licence under this Chapter (see section 81),
(b)
is a licence holder who has provided, or is providing, a health care service for the purposes of the NHS in breach of a condition of the licence, or
(c)
is in breach of a requirement imposed by F107NHS England under section 104.
(2)
In this Chapter, “discretionary requirement” means—
(a)
(b)
a requirement to take such steps within such period as F109NHS England may specify, to secure that the breach in question does not continue or recur (referred to in this Chapter as a “compliance requirement”), or
(c)
a requirement to take such steps within such period as F110NHS England may specify, to secure that the position is, so far as possible, restored to what it would have been if the breach in question was not occurring or had not occurred (referred to in this Chapter as a “restoration requirement”).
(3)
F111NHS England must not impose discretionary requirements on a person on more than one occasion in relation to the same breach.
(4)
A variable monetary penalty must not exceed 10% of the turnover in England of the person on whom it is imposed, such amount to be calculated in the prescribed manner.
(5)
If the whole or any part of a variable monetary penalty is not paid by the time it is required to be paid, the unpaid balance from time to time carries interest at the rate for the time being specified in section 17 of the Judgments Act 1838; but the total interest must not exceed the amount of the penalty.
106Enforcement undertakings
(1)
F112NHS England may accept an enforcement undertaking from a person if F112NHS England has reasonable grounds to suspect that the person—
(a)
has provided, or is providing, a health care service for the purposes of the NHS in breach of the requirement to hold a licence under this Chapter,
(b)
is a licence holder who has provided, or is providing, a health care service for the purposes of the NHS in breach of a condition of the licence, or
(c)
is in breach of a requirement imposed by F112NHS England under section 104.
(2)
In this Chapter, “enforcement undertaking” means an undertaking from a person to take such action of a kind mentioned in subsection (3) as may be specified in the undertaking within such period as may be so specified.
(3)
The specified action must be—
(a)
action to secure that the breach in question does not continue or recur,
(b)
action to secure that the position is, so far as possible, restored to what it would have been if the breach in question was not occurring or had not occurred,
(c)
action (including the payment of a sum of money) to benefit—
(i)
any other licence holder affected by the breach, or
(ii)
any commissioner of health care services for the purposes of the NHS which is affected by the breach, or
(d)
action of such a description as may be prescribed.
(4)
Where F113NHS England accepts an enforcement undertaking then, unless the person from whom the undertaking is accepted has failed to comply with the undertaking or any part of it—
(a)
F113NHS England may not impose on that person any discretionary requirement which it would otherwise have power to impose by virtue of section 105 in respect of the breach to which the undertaking relates, and
(b)
if the breach to which the undertaking relates falls within subsection (1)(b), F113NHS England may not revoke that person's licence under section 89(b).
(5)
Where a person from whom F114NHS England has accepted an enforcement undertaking has failed to comply fully with the undertaking but has complied with part of it, F114NHS England must take the partial compliance into account in deciding whether—
(a)
to impose a discretionary requirement on the person in respect of the breach to which the undertaking relates, or
(b)
if the breach to which the undertaking relates falls within subsection (1)(b), to revoke the person's licence under section 89(b).
107Further provision about enforcement powers
Schedule 11 (Part 1 of which makes further provision about discretionary requirements and Part 2 of which makes further provision about enforcement undertakings) has effect.
108Guidance as to use of enforcement powers
(1)
F115NHS England must publish guidance about how it intends to exercise its functions under sections 105 and 106 and Schedule 11.
(2)
F115NHS England may revise the guidance and, if it does so, must publish the guidance as revised.
(3)
F115NHS England must consult such persons as it considers appropriate before publishing or revising the guidance.
(4)
Guidance relating to F116NHS England’s functions under section 105 must include information about—
(a)
the circumstances in which F117NHS England is likely to impose a discretionary requirement,
(b)
the circumstances in which F118NHS England may not impose a discretionary requirement,
(c)
the matters likely to be taken into account by F119NHS England in determining the amount of any variable monetary penalty to be imposed (including, where relevant, any discounts for voluntary reporting of breaches in respect of which a penalty may be imposed), and
(d)
rights to make representations and rights of appeal.
(5)
F120NHS England must have regard to the guidance or (as the case may be) revised guidance in exercising its functions under sections 105 and 106 and Schedule 11.
109Publication of enforcement action
(1)
F121NHS England must include information about the following in its annual report—
(a)
the cases in which a discretionary requirement has been imposed during the financial year to which the report relates, and
(b)
the cases in which an enforcement undertaking has been accepted during that financial year.
(2)
But F122NHS England must not include information which it is satisfied is—
(a)
commercial information the disclosure of which would, or might, significantly harm the legitimate business interests of the person to whom it relates;
(b)
information relating to the private affairs of an individual the disclosure of which would, or might, significantly harm that person's interests.
(3)
The reference in subsection (1)(a) to cases in which a discretionary requirement has been imposed does not include a reference to a case where a discretionary requirement has been imposed but overturned on appeal.
110Notification of enforcement action
(1)
As soon as reasonably practicable after imposing a discretionary requirement or accepting an enforcement undertaking F123NHS England must notify the following of that fact—
F124(a)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)
such F125integrated care boards as are likely to be affected by the imposition of the requirement or the acceptance of the undertaking, and
(c)
any person exercising regulatory functions in relation to the person on whom the discretionary requirement was imposed or from whom the enforcement undertaking was accepted.
(2)
In subsection (1) “regulatory functions” has the same meaning as in the Legislative and Regulatory Reform Act 2006 (see section 32 of that Act).
Transitional provision
F126111Imposition of licence conditions on NHS foundation trusts
(1)
Where F127NHS England is satisfied that the governance of an NHS foundation trust is such that the trust will fail to comply with the conditions of its licence, F127NHS England may include in the licence such conditions relating to governance as it considers appropriate for the purpose of reducing that risk.
(2)
The circumstances in which F127NHS England may be satisfied as mentioned in subsection (1) include circumstances where it is satisfied that the council of governors, the board of directors or the council of governors and board of directors taken together are failing—
(a)
to secure compliance with conditions in the trust’s licence, or
(b)
to take steps to reduce the risk of a breach of a condition in the trust’s licence.
F128(2A)
Where a warning notice under section 29A of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 is given to an NHS foundation trust, F127NHS England may include in the trust's licence such conditions as it considers appropriate in connection with the matters to which the notice relates.
(3)
A condition included under subsection (1) F129or (2A) has effect until this section ceases, by virtue of section 112, to have effect in relation to the trust.
(4)
(5)
Where F130NHS England is satisfied that the trust has breached or is breaching a condition included under subsection (1) F129or (2A), F130NHS England may by notice require the trust to—
(a)
remove one or more of the directors or members of the council of governors and appoint interim directors or members of the council;
(b)
suspend one or more of the directors or members of the council from office as a director or member for a specified period;
(c)
disqualify one or more of the directors or members of the council from holding office as a director or member for a specified period.
(6)
(7)
Subsection (5) does not prevent F130NHS England from exercising in relation to a condition included in a licence under subsection (1) F131or (2A) the powers conferred by sections 105 and 106 (breach of licence condition etc: enforcement powers which apply during and after period in which this section and sections 112 to 114 have effect).
(8)
(9)
(10)
In this section, a reference to failing to discharge functions includes a reference to failing to discharge those functions properly.
(11)
Omit section 52 of the National Health Service Act 2006 (failing NHS foundation trusts); and in consequence of that, omit—
(a)
section 39(2)(f) of that Act (copy of notice under section 52 of that Act to be on register), and
(b)
paragraph 22(1)(f) of Schedule 7 to that Act (copy of that notice to be available for public inspection).
F132112Duration of transitional period
(1)
Section 111 ceases to have effect in relation to an NHS foundation trust on such day as the Secretary of State may by order specify.
(2)
Different days may be appointed in relation to different NHS foundation trusts.
(3)
A day specified under subsection (1) must not—
(a)
in the case of an NHS foundation trust authorised on or before 1 April 2014, be before 1 April 2016;
(b)
in the case of an NHS foundation trust authorised after 1 April 2014, be before the end of the period of two years beginning with the day on which the trust was authorised.
(4)
In this section, a reference to being authorised is a reference to being given an authorisation under section 35 of the National Health Service Act 2006.
(5)
Section 111 is repealed as soon as there are—
(a)
no NHS foundation trusts in relation to which it has effect, and
(b)
no NHS trusts in existence F133....
F134113Orders under section 112: criteria for deciding applicable trusts
(1)
Where the Secretary of State proposes to make an order under section 112, the Secretary of State must notify F135NHS England.
(2)
F135NHS England, having received a notification under subsection (1), must set the criteria that are to be applied for the purpose of determining to which NHS foundation trusts the order should apply.
(3)
Before setting criteria under subsection (2), F135NHS England must—
(a)
consult the Care Quality Commission and such other persons as F135NHS England considers appropriate, and
(b)
obtain the approval of the Secretary of State.
(4)
If the Secretary of State approves the proposed criteria, F135NHS England must—
(a)
publish the criteria,
(b)
determine, by applying the criteria, to which trusts the order should apply,
(c)
notify the Secretary of State of its determination, and
(d)
publish a list of the trusts concerned.
(5)
If the Secretary of State does not approve the proposed criteria, F135NHS England must propose revised criteria; and subsections (3)(b) and (4) apply in relation to the proposed revised criteria as they apply in relation to the criteria previously proposed.
(6)
The Secretary of State, having received a notification under subsection (4)(c), must review F136NHS England’s determination under subsection (4)(b).
F137114Repeal of sections 112 and 113
(1)
Sections 112 and 113 are repealed immediately after section 111 is repealed; and in consequence of that—
(a)
in section 67(2)(a), omit “or under sections 111 and 113 of this Act (imposition of licence conditions on NHS foundation trusts during transitional period)”,
(b)
omit section 67(3),
(c)
in section 87(4), after paragraph (a) insert “and”, and
(d)
in section 87(4), omit paragraph (c) and the preceding “and”.
(2)
This section is repealed immediately after sections 112 and 113 are repealed.