S. 34 repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), Sch. 16

Words in s. 36(1) repealed (1.10.1997) by 1997 c. 43, s. 56(2), Sch. 6; S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(o) (with art. 5(6))

Words substituted by S.I. 1963/597, Sch. 2

Words in s. 38(2)(b) repealed (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 17; S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059)

Words in s. 38(3)(6) repealed (1.10.1997) by 1997 c. 43, s. 56(2), Sch. 6; S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(o)

S. 38(3)(a) substituted (1.3.1998) by 1994 by virtue of c. 33, s. 168(2), Sch. 10 para. 12(5); S.I. 1998/277, art. 3(2)

Words in s. 38(3)(b) repealed (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 17; S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059)

S. 38(3)(c) added by Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80), s. 69(1)

Words in s. 38(3)(c) inserted (14.7.2008) by Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4), s. 153(7), Sch. 26 para. 4; S.I. 2008/1586, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 48(c)

Words repealed by S.I. 1973/2163, Sch. 6

S. 38(5) repealed (prosp.) except that the repeal is in force (E.W.N.I.) so far as regards subsection (a) and (b) and is in force (S.) except as regards subparas. (c) and (d) by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 80(2), Sch. 16

Words inserted by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1963 (c. 39), Sch. 5

S. 38(5)(aa) inserted by Treatment of Offenders Act (Northern Ireland) 1968 (c. 29), Sch. 3 Pt. III

S. 38(6) inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), Sch. 14 para. 15(b)

Definition substituted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), Sch. 14 para. 16(a)

Definitions in s. 39(1) repealed (E.W.) (1.10.1997) by 1997 c. 43, s. 56(2), Sch. 6; S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(o)

Words in s. 39(1) repealed (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 17; S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059)

Words substituted by Criminal Law Act 1977 (c. 45), Sch. 12

Definition repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), Sch. 16

S. 39(1A)(1B) inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), Sch. 14 para. 16(b)

S. 39(1A) repealed (E.W.)(1.10.1997) by 1997 c. 43, s. 56(2), Sch. 6; S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(o)

S. 39(2) substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 47; S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059)

S. 40(1) repealed by Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973 (c. 36), Sch. 6 Pt. I

S. 40(2) added by Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80), Sch. 6 para. 25

S. 41(2) repealed by Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1974 (c. 22), Sch. Pt. XI

S. 41(3)(4) repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I Group1.

Words in s. 42(1)(2) repealed (1.10.1997) by 1997 c. 43, s. 56(2), Sch. 6; S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(o) (with art. 5(6))

Words inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), Sch. 14 para. 17

Words in s. 42(1)(2) repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I Group 1.

S. 38(2)–(5) extended by Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80), s. 14(4)

1957 c. 53.

1955 c. 18.

1955 c. 19.

1884 c. 31.

1957 c. 53.

1955 c. 18.

1955 c. 19.

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/part/IV/2009-03-28Criminal Justice Act 1961An Act to amend the law with respect to the powers of courts in respect of young offenders; to make further provision as to the treatment of prisoners and other persons committed to custody, including provision for their supervision after discharge, and the management of prisons, approved schools and other institutions; to re-enact with modifications and additions certain statutory provisions relating to the removal,return and supervision of prisoners within the British Islands; and for purposes connected with the matters aforesaid.1978-06-01texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2024-05-18Expert Participation2009-03-28Part IV Supplemental
34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35 Legal custody.(1)

Any person required or authorised by or under this Act to be taken to any place or to be kept in custody shall, while being so taken or kept, be deemed to be in legal custody.

(2)

A constable, or any other person required or authorised by or under this Act to take any person to or keep him at any place shall, while taking or keeping him there have all the powers, authorities, protection and privileges which a constable has within the area for which he acts as constable.

36 General provisions as to orders.(1)

Any power of the Secretary of State to make orders under this Act (other than orders under subsection (1) of section nineteen . . .) shall be exercisable by statutory instrument.

(2)

Any Order in Council or order under this Act may be varied or revoked by a subsequent Order in Council or order.

37 Prison Commissioners’ reports.

In any case where a court is required by this Act to consider a report made by or on behalf of the Secretary of State in respect of an offender, the court shall cause a copy of the report to be given to the offender or his counsel or solicitor.

38 Construction of references to sentence of imprisonment, etc.(1)

Except as provided by subsection (3) of this section, the expression “sentence” in this Act does not include a committal for default or the fixing of a term to be served in the event of default, or a committal or attachment for contempt of court.

(2)

For the purposes of any provisions of this Act referring to a person who is serving or has served a sentence of any description, the expression “sentence” includes—

(a)

in any case, a sentence of that description passed by a court in Scotland, Northern Ireland, any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man; and

(b)

in the case of imprisonment, a sentence passed by a court-martial on a person found guilty of a civil offence (within the meaning of the Naval Discipline Act 1957, the Army Act 1955 or the Air Force Act 1955), and a sentence which is treated by virtue of the Colonial Prisoners Removal Act 1884 as a sentence passed by a court in England and Wales.

(3)

For the purposes . . .of sections twenty-two and thirty-four of this Act—

(a)

the expression “imprisonment or detention” means imprisonment, custody for life, detention in a young offenders institution or in a secure training centre or detention under an equivalent sentence passed by a court in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man;

(b)

the expression “sentence” includes a sentence passed by a court-martial for any offence, and any order made by any court imposing imprisonment or detention, and “sentenced” shall be construed accordingly.

(c)

any reference to a person serving a sentence of, or sentenced to, imprisonment or detention shall be construed as including a reference to a person who, under any enactment relating to children and young persons in force in any part of the United Kingdom or any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man, has been sentenced by a court to be detained for an offence and is liable to be detained in accordance with a determination of the Secretary of State or of a person authorised by him, in accordance with arrangements made by the Secretary of State or in accordance with directions given by the Secretary of State, . . . or by the Governor of the Isle of Man with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, and any other reference to a sentence of imprisonment or detention shall be construed accordingly.

(4)

For the purposes of any reference in this Act to a term of imprisonment or of detention in a detention centre or to a term of imprisonment or detention, consecutive terms and terms which are wholly or partly concurrent shall be treated as a single term.

(5)

For the purposes of this Act (and of any enactment referred to in Part III of this Act)—

(a)

a sentence of detention in a young offenders institution passed in Scotland, and a sentence of penal servitude passed in any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man shall be treated as a sentence of imprisonment for the like term;

(aa)

An order for detention in a young offenders centre passed in Northern Ireland shall be treated as a sentence of imprisonment for the like term.

(b)

a sentence of detention in a borstal institution passed as aforesaid shall be treated as a sentence of borstal training;

(c)

a sentence of death passed by any court (including a court-martial) on a person subsequently pardoned by Her Majesty on condition of his serving a term of imprisonment or penal servitude shall be treated as a sentence of imprisonment or penal servitude passed by that court for that term; and

(d)

without prejudice to paragraph (c) of this subsection, any reference to a person on whom a sentence of any description has been passed includes a reference to a person who under the law of any part of the United Kingdom, any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man is treated as a person on whom a sentence of that description has been passed;

and “sentenced” shall be construed accordingly.

(6)

The Secretary of State may by order designate as equivalent sentences for the purposes of this Act . . . a description of sentence which a court with jurisdiction in one part of the United Kingdom or in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man may pass and a description of sentence which a court elsewhere in the United Kingdom or in those Islands may pass;

39 Interpretation.(1)

In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them, that is to say:—

appropriate institution”, in relation to any person, means, subject to subsection (1A) of this section, any institution which would be appropriate for the detention of an offender of the same age serving an equivalent sentence passed by a court in the place to which he has been transferred;

court-martial” includes the Courts-Martial Appeal Court and any officer exercising jurisdiction under section forty-nine of the Naval Discipline Act 1957:

default” means failure to pay, or want of sufficient distress to satisfy, any fine or other sum of money, or failure to do or abstain from doing any thing required to be done or left undone;

enactment” includes an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland;

prison” does not include a naval, military or air force prison;

responsible Minister” means—

(a)

in relation to persons detained in England and Wales or in Scotland, a Secretary of State;

(b)

in relation to persons detained in Northern Ireland, the Secretary of State;

. . .

(1A)

Subsection (1) of this section shall have effect in relation to a person serving a sentence of a length which could not have been passed on an offender of his age by a court in the place to which he has been transferred as if it defined “appropriate institution” as meaning such place as the Secretary of State may direct.

(1B)

Any reference in this Act to a sentence being equivalent to another sentence is to be construed as a reference to its having been so designated under section 38(6) of this Act.

(2)

Except as otherwise expressly provided, references in this Act to a court do not include references to a court-martial; and nothing in this Act shall be construed as affecting the punishment which may be awarded by a court-martial under the Naval Discipline Act 1957, the Army Act 1955 or the Air Force Act 1955, for a civil offence within the meaning of those Acts.

Except as otherwise expressly provided, references in this Act to a court do not include the Court Martial, the Summary Appeal Court, the Service Civilian Court, the Court Martial Appeal Court or the Supreme Court on an appeal brought from the Court Martial Appeal Court.

(3)

Where the age of any person at any time is material for the purposes of any provision of this Act regulating the powers of a court or justice of the peace, his age at the material time shall be deemed to be or to have been that which appears to the court or justice, after considering any available evidence, to be or to have been his age at that time.

(4)

Any reference in this Act to any other enactment is a reference thereto as amended, and includes a reference thereto as extended or applied, by or under any other enactment, including this Act.

40 Legislative powers of Parliament of Northern Ireland.(1)

. . .

(2)

Any reference in this Act to an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, or to an enactment which that Parliament has power to amend, shall be construed, in relation to Northern Ireland, as a reference to that enactment as amended by any Act of that Parliament, whether passed before or after this Act, and to any enactment of that Parliament passed after this Act and re-enacting the said enactment with or without modifications.

41 Minor and consequential amendments and repeals.(1)

The enactments described in the Fourth Schedule to this Act shall have effect subject to the amendments specified in the second column of that Schedule, being minor amendments and amendments consequential on the foregoing provisions of this Act.

(2)

. . .

(3)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42 Application to Scotland and Northern Ireland.(1)

The following provisions of this Act shall extend to Scotland, that is to say—

. . .

section thirty-five;

section thirty-six;

sections thirty-eight and thirty-nine;

section forty-one and the Fourth . . . Schedules so far as they relate to enactments which extend to Scotland;

but except as aforesaid, and except so far as it relates to the commencement of the said provisions, this Act shall not extend to Scotland.

(2)

The following provisions of this Act shall extend to Northern Ireland, that is to say—

. . .

section thirty-five;

section thirty-six;

sections thirty-eight to forty;

section forty-one and the Fourth . . . Schedules, so far as they relate to enactments which extend to Northern Ireland;

but except as aforesaid, and except so far as it relates to the commencement of the said provisions, this Act shall not extend to Northern Ireland.

43 Expenses.

There shall be paid out of moneys provided by Parliament any increase attributable to the provisions of this Act in the sums which, under any other enactment, are payable out of moneys so provided.

44 Commencement.(1)

The foregoing provisions of this Act (including the Schedules therein referred to) shall come into operation on such date as the Secretary of State may by order appoint.

(2)

Different dates may be appointed by order under this section for different purposes of this Act; and any reference in this Act to the commencement of any provision of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the date appointed for the purposes of that provision.

45 Short title.

This Act may be cited as the Criminal Justice Act 1961.

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<ref eId="c00132" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/34">S. 34</ref>
repealed by
<ref eId="c00133" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00134" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/16">Sch. 16</ref>
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<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6607611" marker="F2">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00135" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/36/1">s. 36(1)</ref>
repealed (1.10.1997) by
<ref eId="c00136" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43">1997 c. 43</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00137" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/section/56/2">s. 56(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00138" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/schedule/6">Sch. 6</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00139" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200">S.I. 1997/2200</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00140" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/2/1/o">art. 2(1)(o)</ref>
(with
<ref eId="c00141" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/5/6">art. 5(6)</ref>
)
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<p>
Words substituted by
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,
<ref eId="c00143" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1963/597/schedule/2">Sch. 2</ref>
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<p>
Words in s. 38(2)(b) repealed (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52">Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/section/383/2">s. 383(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/schedule/17">Sch. 17</ref>
;
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812">S.I. 2009/812</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812/article/3/a/b">art. 3(a)(b)</ref>
(with transitional provisions in
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00012" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/1059">S.I. 2009/1059</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608051" marker="F5">
<p>
Words in s. 38(3)(6) repealed (1.10.1997) by
<ref eId="c00152" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43">1997 c. 43</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00153" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/section/56/2">s. 56(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00154" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/schedule/6">Sch. 6</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00155" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200">S.I. 1997/2200</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00156" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/2/1/o">art. 2(1)(o)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608061" marker="F6">
<p>
S. 38(3)(a) substituted (1.3.1998) by 1994 by virtue of c. 33, s. 168(2), Sch. 10 para. 12(5);
<ref eId="c00158" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/277">S.I. 1998/277</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00159" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/277/article/3/2">art. 3(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-4a2ba91269757a52d93102ae4bf39f09" marker="F7">
<p>
Words in s. 38(3)(b) repealed (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00019" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52">Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00020" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/section/383/2">s. 383(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00021" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/schedule/17">Sch. 17</ref>
;
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00022" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812">S.I. 2009/812</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00023" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812/article/3/a/b">art. 3(a)(b)</ref>
(with transitional provisions in
<ref eId="c6dc17im3-00024" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/1059">S.I. 2009/1059</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608071" marker="F8">
<p>
S. 38(3)(
<i>c</i>
) added by
<ref eId="c00161" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1967/80">Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00162" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1967/80/section/69/1">s. 69(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-c0fb569f66d6112d9f540182e0feaf27" marker="F9">
<p>
Words in s. 38(3)(c) inserted (14.7.2008) by
<ref eId="c6dah1o53-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/4">Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dah1o53-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/4/section/153/7">s. 153(7)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dah1o53-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/4/schedule/26/paragraph/4">Sch. 26 para. 4</ref>
;
<ref eId="c6dah1o53-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2008/1586">S.I. 2008/1586</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dah1o53-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2008/1586/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dah1o53-00012" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2008/1586/schedule/1/paragraph/48/c">Sch. 1 para. 48(c)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608081" marker="F10">
<p>
Words repealed by
<ref eId="c00163" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1973/2163">S.I. 1973/2163</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00164" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1973/2163/schedule/6">Sch. 6</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608101" marker="F11">
<p>
S. 38(5) repealed (
<i>prosp.</i>
) except that the repeal is in force (E.W.N.I.) so far as regards subsection (
<i>a</i>
) and (
<i>b</i>
) and is in force (S.) except as regards subparas. (
<i>c</i>
) and (
<i>d</i>
) by
<ref eId="c00166" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00167" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/section/80/2">s. 80(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00168" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/16">Sch. 16</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608121" marker="F12">
<p>
Words inserted by
<ref eId="c00169" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1963/39">Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1963 (c. 39)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00170" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1963/39/schedule/5">Sch. 5</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608131" marker="F13">
<p>
S. 38(5)(
<i>aa</i>
) inserted by
<ref eId="c00172" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/apni/1968/29">Treatment of Offenders Act (Northern Ireland) 1968 (c. 29)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00173" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/apni/1968/29/schedule/3/part/III">Sch. 3 Pt. III</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608141" marker="F14">
<p>
S. 38(6) inserted by
<ref eId="c00175" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00176" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/14/paragraph/15">Sch. 14 para. 15</ref>
(
<i>b</i>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608231" marker="F15">
<p>
Definition substituted by
<ref eId="c00177" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00178" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/14/paragraph/16/a">Sch. 14 para. 16(a)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608241" marker="F16">
<p>
Definitions in s. 39(1) repealed (E.W.) (1.10.1997) by
<ref eId="c00179" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43">1997 c. 43</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00180" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/section/56/2">s. 56(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00181" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/schedule/6">Sch. 6</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00182" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200">S.I. 1997/2200</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00183" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/2/1/o">art. 2(1)(o)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368" marker="F17">
<p>
Words in s. 39(1) repealed (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by
<ref eId="c6dc8b4e3-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52">Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc8b4e3-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/section/383/2">s. 383(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc8b4e3-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/schedule/17">Sch. 17</ref>
;
<ref eId="c6dc8b4e3-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812">S.I. 2009/812</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dc8b4e3-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812/article/3/a/b">art. 3(a)(b)</ref>
(with transitional provisions in
<ref eId="c6dc8b4e3-00012" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/1059">S.I. 2009/1059</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608261" marker="F18">
<p>
Words substituted by
<ref eId="c00184" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1977/45">Criminal Law Act 1977 (c. 45)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00185" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1977/45/schedule/12">Sch. 12</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608271" marker="F19">
<p>
Definition repealed by
<ref eId="c00186" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00187" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/16">Sch. 16</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608281" marker="F20">
<p>
S. 39(1A)(1B) inserted by
<ref eId="c00189" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00190" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/14/paragraph/16/b">Sch. 14 para. 16(b)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608291" marker="F21">
<p>
S. 39(1A) repealed (E.W.)(1.10.1997) by
<ref eId="c00192" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43">1997 c. 43</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00193" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/section/56/2">s. 56(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00194" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/schedule/6">Sch. 6</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00195" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200">S.I. 1997/2200</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00196" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/2/1/o">art. 2(1)(o)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35" marker="F22">
<p>
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00019" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/39/2">S. 39(2)</ref>
substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes) by
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00020" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52">Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00021" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/section/383/2">s. 383(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00022" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/52/schedule/16/paragraph/47">Sch. 16 para. 47</ref>
;
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00023" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812">S.I. 2009/812</ref>
,
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00024" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/812/article/3/a/b">art. 3(a)(b)</ref>
(with transitional provisions in
<ref eId="c6dciy8a3-00025" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/1059">S.I. 2009/1059</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608331" marker="F23">
<p>
<ref eId="c00200" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/40/1">S. 40(1)</ref>
repealed by
<ref eId="c00201" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1973/36">Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973 (c. 36)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00202" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1973/36/schedule/6/part/I">Sch. 6 Pt. I</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608341" marker="F24">
<p>
<ref eId="c00203" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/40/2">S. 40(2)</ref>
added by
<ref eId="c00204" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1967/80">Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00205" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1967/80/schedule/6/paragraph/25">Sch. 6 para. 25</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608401" marker="F25">
<p>
<ref eId="c00206" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/41/2">S. 41(2)</ref>
repealed by
<ref eId="c00207" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1974/22">Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1974 (c. 22)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00208" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1974/22/schedule/part/XI">Sch. Pt. XI</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608411" marker="F26">
<p>
<ref eId="c00209" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/41/3/4">S. 41(3)(4)</ref>
repealed (5.11.1993) by
<ref eId="c00210" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50">1993 c. 50</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00211" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50/section/1/1/schedule/1/part/I">s. 1(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I</ref>
Group1.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608491" marker="F27">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00212" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/42/1/2">s. 42(1)(2)</ref>
repealed (1.10.1997) by
<ref eId="c00213" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43">1997 c. 43</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00214" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/section/56/2">s. 56(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00215" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/43/schedule/6">Sch. 6</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00216" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200">S.I. 1997/2200</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00217" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/2/1/o">art. 2(1)(o)</ref>
(with
<ref eId="c00218" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1997/2200/article/5/6">art. 5(6)</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608501" marker="F28">
<p>
Words inserted by
<ref eId="c00219" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48">Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00220" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/48/schedule/14/paragraph/17">Sch. 14 para. 17</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c6608511" marker="F29">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00221" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/section/42/1/2">s. 42(1)(2)</ref>
repealed (5.11.1993) by
<ref eId="c00222" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50">1993 c. 50</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00223" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1993/50/section/1/1/schedule/1/part/I">s. 1(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I</ref>
Group 1.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c6607991" marker="C1">
<p>
S. 38(2)–(5) extended by
<ref eId="c00145" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1967/80">Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00146" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1967/80/section/14/4">s. 14(4)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608001" marker="M1">
<p>
<ref eId="c00147" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1957/53">1957 c. 53</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608011" marker="M2">
<p>
<ref eId="c00148" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1955/18">1955 c. 18</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608021" marker="M3">
<p>
<ref eId="c00149" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1955/19">1955 c. 19</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608031" marker="M4">
<p>
<ref eId="c00150" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1884/31">1884 c. 31</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608301" marker="M5">
<p>
<ref eId="c00197" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1957/53">1957 c. 53</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608311" marker="M6">
<p>
<ref eId="c00198" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1955/18">1955 c. 18</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c6608321" marker="M7">
<p>
<ref eId="c00199" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1955/19">1955 c. 19</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
</notes>
<proprietary xmlns:ukm="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/metadata" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" source="#">
<dc:identifier>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Eliz2/9-10/39/part/IV/2009-03-28</dc:identifier>
<dc:title>Criminal Justice Act 1961</dc:title>
<dc:description>An Act to amend the law with respect to the powers of courts in respect of young offenders; to make further provision as to the treatment of prisoners and other persons committed to custody, including provision for their supervision after discharge, and the management of prisons, approved schools and other institutions; to re-enact with modifications and additions certain statutory provisions relating to the removal,return and supervision of prisoners within the British Islands; and for purposes connected with the matters aforesaid.</dc:description>
<dc:date>1978-06-01</dc:date>
<dc:type>text</dc:type>
<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
<dc:language>en</dc:language>
<dc:publisher>Statute Law Database</dc:publisher>
<dc:modified>2024-05-18</dc:modified>
<dc:contributor>Expert Participation</dc:contributor>
<dct:valid>2009-03-28</dct:valid>
<ukm:PrimaryMetadata>
<ukm:DocumentClassification>
<ukm:DocumentCategory Value="primary"/>
<ukm:DocumentMainType Value="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct"/>
<ukm:DocumentStatus Value="revised"/>
</ukm:DocumentClassification>
<ukm:Year Value="1961"/>
<ukm:Number Value="39"/>
<ukm:AlternativeNumber Category="Regnal" Value="9_and_10_Eliz_2"/>
<ukm:EnactmentDate Date="1961-07-19"/>
</ukm:PrimaryMetadata>
<ukm:Alternatives>
<ukm:Alternative Date="2009-07-06" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1961/39/pdfs/ukpga_19610039_en.pdf" Title="Print Version"/>
</ukm:Alternatives>
<ukm:Statistics>
<ukm:TotalParagraphs Value="43"/>
<ukm:BodyParagraphs Value="36"/>
<ukm:ScheduleParagraphs Value="7"/>
<ukm:AttachmentParagraphs Value="0"/>
<ukm:TotalImages Value="0"/>
</ukm:Statistics>
</proprietary>
</meta>
<body eId="body">
<part eId="part-IV" uk:target="true">
<num>Part IV</num>
<heading> Supplemental</heading>
<section eId="section-34">
<num>34</num>
<heading>
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
<noteRef href="#c6607601" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
</heading>
<content>
<p/>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-35">
<num>35</num>
<heading> Legal custody.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-35-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>Any person required or authorised by or under this Act to be taken to any place or to be kept in custody shall, while being so taken or kept, be deemed to be in legal custody.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>A constable, or any other person required or authorised by or under this Act to take any person to or keep him at any place shall, while taking or keeping him there have all the powers, authorities, protection and privileges which a constable has within the area for which he acts as constable.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-36">
<num>36</num>
<heading> General provisions as to orders.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-36-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>
Any power of the Secretary of State to make orders under this Act (other than orders under subsection (1) of section nineteen
<noteRef href="#c6607611" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . .) shall be exercisable by statutory instrument.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>Any Order in Council or order under this Act may be varied or revoked by a subsequent Order in Council or order.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-37">
<num>37</num>
<heading> Prison Commissioners’ reports.</heading>
<content>
<p>
In any case where a court is required by this Act to consider a report made by or on behalf of the
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p565" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6607621">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6607621" class="commentary"/>
Secretary of State
</ins>
in respect of an offender, the court shall cause a copy of the report to be given to the offender or his counsel or solicitor.
</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-38">
<num>38</num>
<heading> Construction of references to sentence of imprisonment, etc.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-38-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>Except as provided by subsection (3) of this section, the expression “sentence” in this Act does not include a committal for default or the fixing of a term to be served in the event of default, or a committal or attachment for contempt of court.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>
For the purposes of any provisions of this Act referring to a person who is serving or has served a sentence of any description, the expression “
<term refersTo="#term-sentence" eId="term-sentence">sentence</term>
” includes—
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>in any case, a sentence of that description passed by a court in Scotland, Northern Ireland, any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man; and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
in the case of imprisonment,
<del class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b-1542799582076" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b" class="commentary"/>
a sentence passed by a court-martial on a person found guilty of a civil offence (within the meaning of the
</del>
<noteRef href="#c6608001" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<del ukl:ChangeId="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b-1542799582076" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b">Naval Discipline Act 1957, the </del>
<noteRef href="#c6608011" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<del ukl:ChangeId="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b-1542799582076" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b">Army Act 1955 or the </del>
<noteRef href="#c6608021" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<del class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b-1542799582076" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f79097085bb6a198c05faddd25797c5b">Air Force Act 1955), and</del>
a sentence which is treated by virtue of the
<noteRef href="#c6608031" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Colonial Prisoners Removal Act 1884 as a sentence passed by a court in England and Wales.
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>
For the purposes
<noteRef href="#c6608051" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . .of sections twenty-two and thirty-four of this Act—
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-3-a">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p622" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608061">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608061" class="commentary"/>
(a)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p622" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608061">the expression “</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-imprisonment-or-detention" eId="term-imprisonment-or-detention">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p622" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608061">imprisonment or detention</ins>
</term>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p622" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608061">” means imprisonment, custody for life, detention in a young offenders institution or in a secure training centre or detention under an equivalent sentence passed by a court in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
the expression “
<term refersTo="#term-sentence" eId="term-sentence">sentence</term>
” includes
<del class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-4a2ba91269757a52d93102ae4bf39f09-1542799634212" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-4a2ba91269757a52d93102ae4bf39f09">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-4a2ba91269757a52d93102ae4bf39f09" class="commentary"/>
a sentence passed by a court-martial for any offence, and
</del>
any order made by any court imposing imprisonment or detention, and “
<term refersTo="#term-sentenced" eId="term-sentenced">sentenced</term>
” shall be construed accordingly.
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-3-c">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p645" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608071">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608071" class="commentary"/>
(c)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p645" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608071">any reference to a person serving a sentence of, or sentenced to, imprisonment or detention shall be construed as including a reference to a person who, under any enactment relating to children and young persons in force in any part of the United Kingdom or any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man, has been sentenced by a court to be detained for an offence and is liable to be detained in accordance with </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p645" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608071">
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-c0fb569f66d6112d9f540182e0feaf27-1542796895285" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-c0fb569f66d6112d9f540182e0feaf27">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-c0fb569f66d6112d9f540182e0feaf27" class="commentary"/>
a determination of the Secretary of State or of a person authorised by him, in accordance with arrangements made by the Secretary of State or in accordance with
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p645" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608071"> directions given by the Secretary of State, . . . </ins>
<noteRef href="#c6608081" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p645" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608071"> or by the Governor of the Isle of Man with the concurrence of the Secretary of State, and any other reference to a sentence of imprisonment or detention shall be construed accordingly.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>For the purposes of any reference in this Act to a term of imprisonment or of detention in a detention centre or to a term of imprisonment or detention, consecutive terms and terms which are wholly or partly concurrent shall be treated as a single term.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-5">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608101" class="commentary"/>
(5)
</ins>
</num>
<hcontainer name="wrapper2">
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">For the purposes of this Act (and of any enactment referred to in Part III of this Act)—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-5-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">a sentence </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p676" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608121">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608121" class="commentary"/>
of detention in a young offenders institution passed in Scotland, and a sentence
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101"> of penal servitude passed in any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man shall be treated as a sentence of imprisonment for the like term;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-5-aa">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p680" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608131">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608131" class="commentary"/>
(aa)
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p680" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608131">An order for detention in a young offenders centre passed in Northern Ireland shall be treated as a sentence of imprisonment for the like term.</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-5-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">a sentence of detention in a borstal institution passed as aforesaid shall be treated as a sentence of borstal training;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-5-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">a sentence of death passed by any court (including a court-martial) on a person subsequently pardoned by Her Majesty on condition of his serving a term of imprisonment or penal servitude shall be treated as a sentence of imprisonment or penal servitude passed by that court for that term; and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-5-d">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">(d)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">without prejudice to paragraph (</ins>
<i>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">c</ins>
</i>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">) of this subsection, any reference to a person on whom a sentence of any description has been passed includes a reference to a person who under the law of any part of the United Kingdom, any of the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man is treated as a person on whom a sentence of that description has been passed;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="wrapper2">
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">and “</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-sentenced" eId="term-sentenced">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">sentenced</ins>
</term>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p662" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608101">” shall be construed accordingly.</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-5-6">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p715" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608141">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608141" class="commentary"/>
(6)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p715" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608141">The Secretary of State may by order designate as equivalent sentences for the purposes of this Act </ins>
<noteRef href="#c6608051" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p715" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608141">. . . a description of sentence which a court with jurisdiction in one part of the United Kingdom or in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man may pass and a description of sentence which a court elsewhere in the United Kingdom or in those Islands may pass;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</hcontainer>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-39">
<num>39</num>
<heading> Interpretation.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-39-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, the following expressions have the meanings hereby assigned to them, that is to say:—</p>
</intro>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p740" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608231">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608231" class="commentary"/>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p741" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608241" class="commentary"/>
</ins>
</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-appropriate-institution" eId="term-appropriate-institution">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p740" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608231">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p741" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">appropriate institution</ins>
</ins>
</term>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p740" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608231">
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p741" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">”, in relation to any person, means, subject to subsection (1A) of this section, any institution which would be appropriate for the detention of an offender of the same age serving an equivalent sentence passed by a court in the place to which he has been transferred;</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<del class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368-1542800181515" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368" class="commentary"/>
</del>
<term refersTo="#term-court-martial" eId="term-court-martial">
<del ukl:ChangeId="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368-1542800181515" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368">court-martial</del>
</term>
<del class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368-1542800181515" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f3a6f5e1142ed595f7ea1757b0ed8368">” includes the Courts-Martial Appeal Court and any officer exercising jurisdiction under section forty-nine of the Naval Discipline Act 1957:</del>
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<term refersTo="#term-default" eId="term-default">default</term>
” means failure to pay, or want of sufficient distress to satisfy, any fine or other sum of money, or failure to do or abstain from doing any thing required to be done or left undone;
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<term refersTo="#term-enactment" eId="term-enactment">enactment</term>
” includes an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland;
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<term refersTo="#term-prison" eId="term-prison">prison</term>
” does not include a naval, military or air force prison;
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608241" class="commentary"/>
</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-responsible-minister" eId="term-responsible-minister">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">responsible Minister</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">” means—</ins>
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-1-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">in relation to persons detained in England and Wales or in Scotland, a Secretary of State;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-1-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">in relation to persons detained in Northern Ireland, </ins>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p782" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608241">
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p799" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608261">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608261" class="commentary"/>
the Secretary of State
</ins>
</ins>
;
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<blockContainer ukl:Name="BlockText">
<p>
. . .
<noteRef href="#c6608271" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
</p>
</blockContainer>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-1A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p809" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608281">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608281" class="commentary"/>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p811" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608291">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608291" class="commentary"/>
(1A)
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p809" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608281">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p811" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608291">Subsection (1) of this section shall have effect in relation to a person serving a sentence of a length which could not have been passed on an offender of his age by a court in the place to which he has been transferred as if it defined “</ins>
</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-appropriate-institution" eId="term-appropriate-institution">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p809" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608281">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p811" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608291">appropriate institution</ins>
</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p809" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608281">
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p811" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608291">” as meaning such place as the Secretary of State may direct.</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-1B">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p809" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608281">(1B)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p809" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608281">Any reference in this Act to a sentence being equivalent to another sentence is to be construed as a reference to its having been so designated under section 38(6) of this Act.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>
<del class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35-1542800408237" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35" class="commentary"/>
Except as otherwise expressly provided, references in this Act to a court do not include references to a court-martial; and nothing in this Act shall be construed as affecting the punishment which may be awarded by a court-martial under the
</del>
<noteRef href="#c6608301" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<del ukl:ChangeId="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35-1542800408237" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35">Naval Discipline Act 1957, the </del>
<noteRef href="#c6608311" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<del ukl:ChangeId="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35-1542800408237" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35">Army Act 1955 or the </del>
<noteRef href="#c6608321" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<del class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35-1542800408237" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35">Air Force Act 1955, for a civil offence within the meaning of those Acts.</del>
</p>
<p>
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35-1542800408238" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-f13b10f8380546c83a5d35b9b92e3c35" class="commentary"/>
Except as otherwise expressly provided, references in this Act to a court do not include the Court Martial, the Summary Appeal Court, the Service Civilian Court, the Court Martial Appeal Court or the Supreme Court on an appeal brought from the Court Martial Appeal Court.
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>Where the age of any person at any time is material for the purposes of any provision of this Act regulating the powers of a court or justice of the peace, his age at the material time shall be deemed to be or to have been that which appears to the court or justice, after considering any available evidence, to be or to have been his age at that time.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>Any reference in this Act to any other enactment is a reference thereto as amended, and includes a reference thereto as extended or applied, by or under any other enactment, including this Act.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-40">
<num>40</num>
<heading> Legislative powers of Parliament of Northern Ireland.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-40-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>
. . .
<noteRef href="#c6608331" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-40-2">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p867" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608341">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608341" class="commentary"/>
(2)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p867" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608341">Any reference in this Act to an enactment of the Parliament of Northern Ireland, or to an enactment which that Parliament has power to amend, shall be construed, in relation to Northern Ireland, as a reference to that enactment as amended by any Act of that Parliament, whether passed before or after this Act, and to any enactment of that Parliament passed after this Act and re-enacting the said enactment with or without modifications.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-41">
<num>41</num>
<heading> Minor and consequential amendments and repeals.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-41-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>The enactments described in the Fourth Schedule to this Act shall have effect subject to the amendments specified in the second column of that Schedule, being minor amendments and amendments consequential on the foregoing provisions of this Act.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>
. . .
<noteRef href="#c6608401" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-3">
<num>
<noteRef href="#c6608411" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
(3)
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-4">
<num>
<noteRef href="#c6608411" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
(4)
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-42">
<num>42</num>
<heading> Application to Scotland and Northern Ireland.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-42-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>The following provisions of this Act shall extend to Scotland, that is to say—</p>
<blockList class="unordered none" ukl:Name="UnorderedList" ukl:Decoration="none">
<item>
<p>
<noteRef href="#c6608491" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . .
</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>section thirty-five;</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p935" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608501">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608501" class="commentary"/>
section thirty-six;
</ins>
</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>sections thirty-eight and thirty-nine;</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>
section forty-one and the Fourth
<noteRef href="#c6608511" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . . Schedules so far as they relate to enactments which extend to Scotland;
</p>
</item>
</blockList>
<p>but except as aforesaid, and except so far as it relates to the commencement of the said provisions, this Act shall not extend to Scotland.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>The following provisions of this Act shall extend to Northern Ireland, that is to say—</p>
<blockList class="unordered none" ukl:Name="UnorderedList" ukl:Decoration="none">
<item>
<p>
<noteRef href="#c6608491" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . .
</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>section thirty-five;</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p969" ukl:CommentaryRef="c6608501">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c6608501" class="commentary"/>
section thirty-six;
</ins>
</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>sections thirty-eight to forty;</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>
section forty-one and the Fourth
<noteRef href="#c6608511" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . . Schedules, so far as they relate to enactments which extend to Northern Ireland;
</p>
</item>
</blockList>
<p>but except as aforesaid, and except so far as it relates to the commencement of the said provisions, this Act shall not extend to Northern Ireland.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-43">
<num>43</num>
<heading> Expenses.</heading>
<content>
<p>There shall be paid out of moneys provided by Parliament any increase attributable to the provisions of this Act in the sums which, under any other enactment, are payable out of moneys so provided.</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-44">
<num>44</num>
<heading> Commencement.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-44-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>The foregoing provisions of this Act (including the Schedules therein referred to) shall come into operation on such date as the Secretary of State may by order appoint.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-44-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>Different dates may be appointed by order under this section for different purposes of this Act; and any reference in this Act to the commencement of any provision of this Act shall be construed as a reference to the date appointed for the purposes of that provision.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-45">
<num>45</num>
<heading> Short title.</heading>
<content>
<p>This Act may be cited as the Criminal Justice Act 1961.</p>
</content>
</section>
</part>
</body>
</act>
</akomaNtoso>