PART IVGENERAL PROVISIONS

Meaning of “employee”

17.—(1) In a case where, and in so far as, a woman over the age of 16 is treated as an employed earner by virtue of the Social Security (Categorisation of Earners) Regulations 1978(1) she shall be treated as an employee for the purposes of Part V of the 1986 Act and in a case where, and in so far as, such a woman is treated otherwise than as an employed earner by virtue of those regulations, she shall not be treated as an employee for the purposes of Part V.

(2) Any woman who is in employed earner's employment within the meaning of the 1975 Act under a contract of apprenticeship shall be treated as an employee for the purposes of Part V.

(3) A woman who is in employed earner's employment within the meaning of the 1975 Act but whose employer—

(a)does not fulfil the conditions prescribed in regulation 119(1)(b) of the Social Security (Contributions) Regulations 1979(2) as to residence or presence in Great Britain, or

(b)is a woman who, by reason of any international treaty to which the United Kingdom is a party or of any international convention binding the United Kingdom—

(i)is exempt from the provisions of the 1975 Act, or

(ii)is a woman against whom the provisions of that Act are not enforceable,

shall not be treated as an employee for the purposes of Part V of the 1986 Act.

Treatment of two or more employers as one

18.—(1) In a case where the earnings paid to a woman in respect of 2 or more employments are aggregated and treated as a single payment of earnings under regulation 12(1) of the Social Security (Contributions) Regulations 1979, the employers of the woman in respect of those employments shall be treated as one for all purposes of Part V of the 1986 Act.

(2) Where 2 or more employers are treated as one under the provisions of paragraph (1), liability for statutory maternity pay payable by them to a woman shall be apportioned between them in such proportions as they may agree or, in default of agreement, in the proportions which the woman's earnings from each employment bear to the amount of the aggregated earnings.

Payments to be treated as contractual remuneration

19.  For the purposes of paragraph 12(1) and (2) of Schedule 4 to the 1986 Act, the payments which are to be treated as contractual remuneration are sums payable under the contract of service—

(a)by way of remuneration;

(b)for incapacity for work due to sickness or injury, and

(c)by reason of pregnancy or confinement.

Meaning of “earnings”

20.—F1(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F2(2) For the purposes of section 171(4) of the Contributions and Benefits Act, the expression “earnings” refers to gross earnings and includes any remuneration or profit derived from a woman’s employment except any payment or amount which is excluded from the computation of a person’s earnings under regulation 19 or 19B of the Social Security (Contributions) Regulations 1979.]

F3(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) For the purposes of section 50(3) of the 1986 Act the expression “earnings” includes also—

(a)any sum payable in respect of arrears of pay in pursuance of an order for reinstatement or re-engagement under the 1978 Act;

(b)any sum payable by way of pay in pursuance of an order under the 1978 Act for the continuation of a contract of employment;

(c)any sum payable by way of remuneration in pursuance of a protective award under the Employment Protection Act 1975;

(d)any sum payable by way of statutory sick pay, including sums payable in accordance with regulations made under section 1(5) of the Social Security and Housing Benefits Act 1982(3).

F4(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F4(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

Normal weekly earnings

21.—(1) For the purposes of [F5Part XII of the Contributions and Benefits Act], a woman's normal weekly earnings shall be calculated in accordance with the following provisions of this regulation.

(2) In this regulation—

“the appropriate date” means the first day of the 14th week before the expected week of confinement, or the first day in the week in which the woman is confined, whichever is the earlier,F6... ;

“normal pay day” means a day on which the terms of a woman's contract of service require her to be paid, or the practice in her employment is for her to be paid, if any payment is due to her; and

“day of payment” means a day on which the woman was paid.

(3) Subject to paragraph (4), the relevant period for the purposes of [F7section 171(4) of the Contributions and Benefits Act] is the period between—

(a)the last normal pay day to fall before the appropriate date; and

(b)the last normal pay day to fall at least 8 weeks earlier than the normal pay day mentioned in sub-paragraph (a),

including the normal pay day mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) but excluding that first mentioned in sub-paragraph (b).

(4) In a case where a woman has no identifiable normal pay day, paragraph (3) shall have effect as if the words “day of payment” were substituted for the words “normal pay day” in each place where they occur.

(5) In a case where a woman has normal pay days at intervals of or approximating to one or more calendar months (including intervals of or approximating to a year) her normal weekly earnings shall be calculated by dividing her earnings in the relevant period by the number of calendar months in that period (or, if it is not a whole number, the nearest whole number), multiplying the result by 12 and dividing by 52.

(6) In a case to which paragraph (5) does not apply and the relevant period is not an exact number of weeks, the woman's normal weekly earnings shall be calculated by dividing her earnings in the relevant period by the number of days in the relevant period and multiplying the result by 7.

[F8(7) In any case where a woman receives a back-dated pay increase which includes a sum in respect of a relevant period, normal weekly earnings shall be calculated as if such a sum was paid in that relevant period even though received after that period.]

Textual Amendments

F5Words in reg. 21(1) substituted (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(3) of the amending S.I.) by The Social Security Maternity Benefits and Statutory Sick Pay (Amendment) Regulations 1994 (S.I. 1994/1367), regs. 1(2), 5(2)

F6Words in reg. 21(2) omitted (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(3) of the amending S.I.) by virtue of The Social Security Maternity Benefits and Statutory Sick Pay (Amendment) Regulations 1994 (S.I. 1994/1367), regs. 1(2), 5(3)

F7Words in reg. 21(3) substituted (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(3) of the amending S.I.) by The Social Security Maternity Benefits and Statutory Sick Pay (Amendment) Regulations 1994 (S.I. 1994/1367), regs. 1(2), 5(4)

[F9Effect of statutory maternity pay on [F10incapacity benefit]

21A.—[F11(1) For the purpose of determining a woman’s entitlement to [F12short-term incapacity benefit at the higher rate or long-term incapacity benefit] under [F13section 30A of the Contributions and Benefits Act], a day which falls within the maternity pay period shall, notwithstanding paragraph 11 of Schedule 4 to the 1986 Act, be treated as a day of incapacity for work for the purpose of determining whether it forms part of a [F14period of incapacity for work] where—

(a)on that day she was incapable of work F15...; and

(b)that day is not treated under [F16section 30C(3) of the Contributions and Benefits Act] as a day which is not a day of incapacity for work, and

(c)the day immediately preceding the first day in the maternity pay period falls within either a [F17period of incapacity for work] of employment or a period of entitlement to statutory sick pay for the purposes of Part I of the Social Security and Housing Benefits Act 1982; and

(d)the woman either satisfied the contribution conditions specified for [F18short-term incapacity benefit] on the first day of incapacity for work to fall within that [F19period of incapacity for work] or would have satisfied those conditions had a claim for [F18short-term incapacity benefit] been made on the first or any subsequent day of incapacity for work falling within that period of entitlement.]

[F11(1A) Any day which, by virtue of paragraph (1), forms part of a period of [F20incapacity for work] shall be further treated, for the purposes of determining [F21entitlement to short-term incapacity benefit at the higher rate and long-term incapacity benefit under section 30A of the Contributions and Benefits Act, as being a day on which the woman has been entitled to short-term incapacity benefit].]

[F11(1B) For the purposes of this regulation, [F22"period of incapacity for work” has the same meaning as in section 30C(1) of the Contributions and Benefits Act].]

[F11(1C) The reference to a maternity pay period in paragraph (1) is to a maternity pay period which commenced on or after 6th May 1990.]

[F23(2) Where by virtue of paragraph (1) a woman is entitled to short-term incapacity benefit at the higher rate or long-term incapacity benefit for any week (including part of a week) the total amount of such benefit (including any increase for a dependant) payable to her for that week shall be reduced by an amount equivalent to any statutory maternity pay to which she is entitled in accordance with Part XII of the Contributions and Benefits Act for the same week and only the balance, if any, of the short-term incapacity benefit at the higher rate or long-term incapacity benefit shall be payable to her.]]

Textual Amendments

F11Regs. 21A(1)-(1C): regs. 21A(1)-(1C) substituted for reg. 21A(1) (6.5.1990) by The Statutory Maternity Pay (General) Amendment Regulations 1990 (S.I. 1990/622), regs. 1, 6

[F24Effect of maternity allowance on statutory maternity pay

21B.  Where a woman, in any week which falls within the maternity pay period, is—

(a) in receipt of maternity allowance pursuant to the provisions of section 35(1A) of the Contributions and Benefits Act; and

(b) entitled to receive statutory maternity pay in consequence of receiving a back-dated pay increase which includes a sum in respect of the relevant period;

the employer shall only be liable to make payments of statutory maternity pay in respect of such week of an amount equal to the amount (if any) by which the rate of statutory maternity pay exceeds the rate of maternity allowance received by her in that week.]

Textual Amendments

(1)

, amended by S.I. 1980/1713 and 1984/350.

(2)

, to which there are amendments not relevant to these regulations.

(3)

, as amended by the Social Security Act 1986 (c.50), section 68.