Sulphuric acid (d = 1.84 g/ml).

Powdered iron reduced in hydrogen.

Potassium sulphate, finely pulverised.

Sulphuric acid, 0.1 N solution. } for variant (a) (page 15)

Sodium or potassium hydroxide, 0.1 N solution, carbonate free. } for variant (a) (page 15)

Suplhuric acid, 0.2 N solution. } for variant (b) (page 16) (see Note on page 15)

Sodium or potassium hydroxide, 0.2 N solution, carbonate free. } for variant (b) (page 16) (see Note on page 15)

Sulphuric acid, 0.5 N solution. } for variant (c) (page 16) (see Note on page 15)

Sodium or potassium hydroxide, 0.5 N solution, carbonate free. } for variant (c) (page 16) (see Note on page 15)

Dissolve 120 g of stannous chloride (SnCl².2H²O) in 400 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid (d = 1.18 g/ml) and make up to 1 litre with water. The solution must be completely clear and prepared immediately before use. It is essential to check the reducing power of the stannous chloride. Dissolve 0.5 g of stannous chloride in 2 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid (d = 1.18 g/ml) and make up to 50 ml with water. Then add 5 g of Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate) and a sufficient quantity of sodium bicarbonate for the solution to show an alkaline reaction to a litmus paper test.

• Titrate with 0.1 N iodine solution in the presence of a starch solution as an indicator.

• 1 ml of iodine solution 0.1 N corresponds to 0.01128 g SnCl₂.2H₂O.

• At least 80% of the total tin present in the solution thus prepared must be in a bivalent form. For the titration at least 35 ml of 0.1 N iodine solution should be used.

Sodium hydroxide solution, 30 g per 100 ml, ammonia free.

Weigh out 2.500 g of potassium nitrate and 10.160 g of ammonium sulphate and place them in a 250 ml graduated flask. Dissolve in water and make up to 250 ml. 1 ml of this solution contains 0.010 g of nitrogen.

Anti-bump granules of pumice stone, washed in hydrochloric acid and ignited.

Weigh to the nearest 0.001 g, 1 g of the prepared sample and place in the Kjeldahl flask. Add 0.5 g of powdered iron (4.2) and 50 ml of the stannous chloride solution (4.11), stir and leave standing for half an hour. During this time it is left standing, stir again after 10 and 20 minutes. Then add 10 g of potassium sulphate (4.3) and 30 ml of sulphuric acid (4.1). Boil and carry on the process for an hour after the appearance of white fumes. Leave to cool and dilute with 100 — 150 ml of water. Transfer the suspension quantitatively into a 250 ml graduated flask, cool and make up to volume with water, mix and filter through a dry filter into a dry container.

According to the variant chosen (see Method 2) transfer with a pipette 50, 100 or 200 ml of the solution to the distillation apparatus and add sufficient sodium hydroxide solution (4.12) to ensure a considerable excess. Distil the ammonia and titrate the excess acid as described in Method 2.

Make a blank test (omitting only the sample) under the same conditions and allow for this in the calculation of the final result.

Before carrying out the analysis, check that the apparatus is working properly and that the correct application of the method is used with a standard solution containing quantities of ammoniacal and nitrate nitrogen comparable to the quantities of cyanamide and nitrate nitrogen contained in nitrated calcium cyanamide.

• For this purpose place 20 ml of the standard solution (4.13) in the Kjeldahl flask.

• Carry out the analysis according to the method described in paragraph 7.