The Air Navigation Order 1995

PART A— LICENCES

MINIMUM AGE, PERIOD OF VALIDITY, PRIVILEGES

1.   Aeroplane Pilots

• Private Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes)

• Minimum Age—17 years

• No Maximum Period of Validity

• Privileges:

(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of an aeroplane of any of the types specified or otherwise falling within the aircraft rating included in the licence.

(2) (a) He shall not fly such an aeroplane for the purpose of public transport or aerial work save as hereinafter provided:

(i) he may fly such an aeroplane for the purpose of aerial work which consists of:

(aa) the giving of instruction in flying, if his licence includes a flying instructor’s rating or an assistant flying instructor’s rating:

or

(bb) the conducting of flying tests for the purposes of this Order;

in either case in an aeroplane owned, or operated under arrangements entered into, by a flying club of which the person giving the instruction or conducting the test and the person receiving the instruction or undergoing the test are both members;

(ii) he may fly such an aeroplane for the purpose of aerial work which consists of:

(aa) towing a glider in flight; or

(bb) a flight for the purpose of dropping of persons by parachute;

in either case in an aeroplane owned, or operated under arrangments entered into, by a club of which the holder of the licence and any person carried in the aircraft or in any glider towed by the aircraft are members.

(b) He shall not receive any remuneration for his services as a pilot on a flight save that if his licence includes a flying instructor’s rating or an assistant flying instructor’s rating by virtue of which he is entitled to give instruction in flying microlight aircraft or self-launching motor gliders he may receive remuneration for the giving of such instruction or the conducting of such flying tests as are specified in sub-paragraph (a)(i) in a microlight aircraft or a self-launching motor glider.

(c) He shall not, unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) or an instrument meteorological conditions rating (aeroplanes), fly as a pilot in command of such an aeroplane:

(i) on a flight outside controlled airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(aa) when the flight visibility is less than 3 km; or

(bb) when any passenger is carried and the aeroplane is flying either above 3000 ft above mean sea level in conditions such that it cannot remain at least 1800 metres horizontally and 1000 ft vertically away from cloud and in a flight visibility of at least 10 km or at or below 3000 ft above mean sea level in a flight visibility of less than 5 km;

(ii) on a special VFR flight in a control zone in a flight visibility of less than 10 km except on a route or in an aerodrome traffic zone notified for the purpose of this sub-paragraph;

(iii) out of sight of the surface; and

(d) He shall not fly as pilot in command of such an aeroplane at night unless:

(i) his licence includes a night rating (aeroplanes); and

(ii) his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) or he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-offs and 5 landings at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(e) He shall not unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of such an aeroplane flying in airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(i) in conditions such that he cannot comply with the specified minimum weather provisions; or

(ii) in circumstances which require compliance with the Instrument Flight Rules.

Basic Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes)

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

(1) The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes).

(2) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of an aeroplane of a type specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence when the aeroplane is engaged on a flight for any purpose whatsoever.

(b) (i) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport if he has less than 400 hours of flying experience as pilot in command of aeroplanes other than self-launching motor gliders or microlight aircraft.

(ii) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport if its maximum total weight authorised exceeds 2300 kg.

(iii) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on any scheduled journey.

(iv) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport except a flight beginning and ending at the same aerodrome and not extending beyond 25 nautical miles from that aerodrome.

(v) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport after he attains the age of 60 years unless the aeroplane is fitted with dual controls and carries a second pilot who has not attained the age of 60 years and who holds an appropriate licence under this Order entitling him to act as pilot in command or co-pilot of that aeroplane.

(vi) He shall not fly such an aeroplane at night, unless:

(aa) his licence includes a night rating (aeroplanes); and

(bb) his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) or he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-offs and landings at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(vii) He shall not, unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) or an instrument meteorological conditions rating (aeroplanes), fly as pilot in command of such an aeroplane:

(aa) on a flight outside controlled airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(aaa) when the flight visibility is less than 3 km; or

(bbb) when any passenger is carried and the aeroplane is flying either above 3000 ft above mean sea level in conditions such that it cannot remain at least 1800 metres horizontally and 1000 ft vertically away from cloud and in a flight visibility of at least 10 km or at or below 3000 ft above mean sea level in a flight visibility of less that 5 km;

(bb) on a special VFR flight in a control zone in a flight visibility of less than 10 km except on a route or in an aerodrome traffic zone notified for the purposes of this sub-paragraph;

(cc) out of sight of the surface.

(viii) He shall not unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of such an aeroplane flying in airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(i) in conditions such that he cannot comply with the specified minimum weather provisions; or

(ii) in circumstances which require compliance with the Instrument Flight Rules.

(3) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of an aeroplane of a type specified in any flying instructor’s rating or assistant flying instructor’s rating included in the licence on a flight for the purpose of aerial work which consists of:

(i) the giving of instruction in flying; or

(ii) the conducting of flying tests for the purposes of this Order;

in either case in an aeroplane owned, or operated under arrangements entered into, by a flying club of which the person giving the instruction or conducting the test and the person receiving the instruction or undergoing the test are both members.

(b) He shall not be entitled to exercise the privileges contained in this paragraph other than in an aeroplane which he is entitled to fly as pilot in command on a private flight, an aerial work flight or a public transport flight pursuant to the privileges set out in paragraph (1) or (2) of these privileges.

(4) He shall be entitled to fly as co-pilot of any aeroplane of a type specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence when the aeroplane is engaged on a flight for any purpose whatsoever provided that he shall not be entitled to fly as co-pilot of an aeroplane which is engaged on a flight for the purpose of public transport unless he has more than 400 hours of flying experience as pilot in command of aeroplanes other than self-launching motor gliders and microlight aircraft and the aeroplane is certificated for single pilot operation.

(5) He shall not at any time after he attains the age of 65 years act as pilot in command or co-pilot of any aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport.

Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes)

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

(1) The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes) which includes an instrument meteorological conditions rating (aeroplanes) and a night rating (aeroplanes) and shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of an aeroplane:

(a) on a special VFR flight notwithstanding that the flight visibility is less than 3 km; and

(b) when the aeroplane is taking off or landing at any place notwithstanding that the flight visibility below cloud is less than 1800 metres.

(2) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of an aeroplane of a type specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence when the aeroplane is engaged on a flight for any purpose whatsoever.

(b) (i) He shall not, unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes), fly such an aeroplane on any scheduled journey.

(ii) He shall not fly such an aeroplane at night unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) or he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-offs and 5 landings at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(iii) He shall not, unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) fly any such aeroplane of which the maximum total weight authorised exceeds 2300 kg. on any flight for the purpose of public transport, except a flight beginning and ending at the same aerodrome and not extending beyond 25 nautical miles from that aerodrome.

(iv) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport unless it is certificated for single pilot operation.

(v) He shall not fly such an aeroplane on any flight for the purpose of public transport after he attains the age of 60 years unless the aeroplane is fitted with dual controls and carries a second pilot who has not attained the age of 60 years and who holds an appropriate licence under this Order entitling him to act as pilot in command or co-pilot of that aeroplane.

(vi) He shall not unless his licence includes an instrument rating (aeroplanes) fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of such an aeroplane flying in airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(aa) in conditions such that he cannot comply with the specified minimum weather provisions; or

(bb) in circumstances which require compliance with the Instrument Flight Rules.

(3) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of an aeroplane of a type specified in any flying instructor’s rating or assistant flying instructor’s rating included in the licence on a flight for the purpose of aerial work which consists of:

(i) the giving of instruction in flying; or

(ii) the conducting of flying tests for the purposes of this Order

in either case in an aeroplane owned, or operated under arrangements entered into, by a flying club of which the person giving the instruction or conducting the test and the person receiving the instruction or undergoing the test are both members.

(b) He shall not be entitled to execise privileges contained in this paragraph other than in an aeroplane which he is entitled to fly as pilot in command on a private flight, an aerial work flight or a public transport flight pursuant to the privileges set out in paragraph (1) or (2) of these privileges.

(4) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as co-pilot of any aeroplane of a type specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence when the aeroplane is engaged on a flight for any purpose whatsoever.

(b) He shall not act as co-pilot of any aeroplane whose maximum total weight authorised exceeds 20,000 kg. on any flight for the purpose of public transport after he attains the age of 60 years.

(5) He shall not at any time after he attains the age of 65 years act as pilot in command or co-pilot of any aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport.

Senior Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes)

• Minimum Age—21 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years or until 3rd December 1994 (whichever is the earlier)

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes) except that sub-paragraph (2)(b)(iv) of those privileges shall not apply and he shall not act as pilot in command of an aeroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport if its maximum total weight authorised exceeds 20,000 kg.

Airline Transport Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes)

• Minimum Age—21 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Aeroplanes) except that sub-paragraph (2)(b)(iv) of those privileges shall not apply and the holder of the licence shall not at any time after he attains the age of 60 years act as pilot in command or co-pilot of any aeroplane for the purpose of public transport if its maximum total weight authorised exceeds 20,000 kg.

2.  Helicopter and Gyroplane Pilots

Private Pilot’s Licence (Helicopers and Gyroplanes)

• Minimum Age—17 years.

• No Maximum Period of Validity.

• Privileges:

(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of a helicopter or a gyroplane of any of the types specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence.

(2) (a) He shall not fly such a helicopter or gyroplane for the purpose of public transport or aerial work other than aerial work which consists of:

(i) the giving of instruction in flying if his licence includes a flying instructor’s rating or an assistant flying instructor’s rating; or

(ii) the conducting of flying tests for the purposes of this Order;

in either case in a helicopter or gyroplane owned, or operated under arrangements entered into, by a flying club of which the person giving the instruction or conducting the test and the person receiving the instruction or undergoing the test are both members.

(b) He shall not receive any remuneration for his services as a pilot on a flight other than remuneration for the giving of such instruction or the conducting of such flying tests as are specified in sub-paragraph (a).

(c) He shall not fly as pilot in command of such a gyroplane at night unless his licence includes a night rating (helicopters and gyroplanes) and he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-offs and 5 landings at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(d) He shall not fly as pilot in command of such a helicopter at night unless:

(i) his licence includes a night rating (helicopters and gyroplanes); and

(ii) his licence includes an instrument rating (helicopters) or he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 flights, each consisting of a take-off, a transition from hover to forward flight, a climb to at least 500 feet and a landing, at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(e) He shall not unless his licence includes an instrument rating (helicopters) fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of such a helicopter flying in airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(i) in conditions such that he cannot comply with the specified minimum weather provisions; or

(ii) in circumstances which require compliance with the Instrument Flight Rules.

Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Helicopters and Gyroplanes)

• Minimum Age—18 years.

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years.

• Privileges:

(1) The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence (Helicopters and Gyroplanes) which includes a night rating (helicopters and gyroplanes).

(2) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of any helicopter or gyroplane specified in Part I of the aircraft rating included in the licence when the helicopter or gyroplane is engaged on a flight for any purpose whatsoever.

(b) (i) He shall not, unless his licence includes an instrument rating (helicopters) fly such a helicopter on any scheduled journey or on any flight for the purpose of public transport in conditions such that the helicopter cannot comply with the specified minimum weather provisions.

(ii) He shall not fly such a helicopter or gyroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport unless it is certificated for single pilot operation.

(iii) He shall not fly such a gyroplane at night unless he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 take-offs and 5 landings at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(iv) He shall not fly such a helicopter at night unless his licence includes an instrument rating (helicopters) or he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command not less than 5 flights, each consisting of a take-off, a transition from hover to forward flight, a climb to at least 500 feet and a landing, at a time when the depression of the centre of the sun was not less than 12° below the horizon.

(v) He shall not fly such a helicopter or gyroplane on any flight for the purpose of public transport after he attains the age of 60 years unless the helicopter or gyroplane is fitted with dual controls and carries a second pilot who has not attained the age of 60 years and who holds an appropriate licence under this Order entitling him to act as pilot in command or co-pilot of that helicopter or gyroplane.

(vi) He shall not unless his licence includes an instrument rating (helicopters) fly as pilot in command or co-pilot of such a helicopter flying in airspace notified for the purposes of this Schedule:

(aa) in conditions such that he cannot comply with the specified minimum weather provisions; or

(bb) in circumstances which require compliance with the Instrument Flight Rules.

(3) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly as co-pilot of any helicopter or gyroplane specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence when the helicopter or gyroplane is engaged on a flight for any purpose whatsoever.

(b) He shall not act as co-pilot of any helicopter or gyroplane whose maximum total weight authorised exceeds 20,000 kilogrammes on any flight for the purpose of public transport after he attains the age of 60 years.

(4) He shall not at any time after he attains the age of 65 years act as pilot in command or co-pilot of any helicopter or gyroplane on a flight for the purpose of public transport.

Airline Transport Pilot’s Licence (Helicopter and Gyroplanes)

• Minimum Age—21 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Helicopters and Gyroplanes) except that sub-paragraph (2)(b)(ii) of those privileges shall not apply and the holder of the licence shall not at any time after he attains the age of 60 years act as pilot in command or co-pilot of any helicopter or gyroplane for the purpose of public transport if its maximum total weight authorised exceeds 20,000 kilogrammes.

3.  Balloon and Airship Pilots

Private Pilot’s Licence (Balloons and Airships)

• Minimum Age—17 years

• No Maximum Period of Validity

• Privileges:

(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly as pilot in command of any type of balloon or airship specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence and co-pilot of any type of balloon or airship specified in such aircraft rating.

(2) (a) He shall not fly such a balloon or airship for the purpose of public transport or aerial work, other than aerial work which consists of the giving of instruction in flying or the conducting of flying tests in either case in a balloon or airship owned, or operated under arrangements entered into, by a flying club of which the person giving the instruction or conducting the test and the person receiving the instruction or undergoing the test are both members.

(b) He shall not receive any remuneration for his services as a pilot on a flight other than remuneration for the giving of such instruction or the conducting of such flying tests as are specified in sub-paragraph (a).

(c) He shall not fly such a balloon unless he has within the immediately preceding 13 months carried out as pilot in command in a free balloon 5 flights each of not less than 5 minutes duration.

Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Balloons)

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years*

• Privileges:

(1) The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence (Balloons and Airships).

(2) (a) Subject to sub-paragraph (b), he shall be entitled to fly, when the balloon is flying for any purpose whatsoever, as pilot in command or co-pilot of any type of balloon specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence.

(b) He shall not act as pilot in command on a flight for the purpose of the public transport of passengers unless he has within the immediately preceding 90 days carried out as pilot in command in a free balloon 3 flights each of not less than 5 minutes duration.

In respect of the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence the maximum period of validity shall be as given for that licence.

Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Airships)

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

(1) The holder of the licence shall be entitled to exercise the privileges of a Private Pilot’s Licence (Balloons and Airships).

(2) He shall be entitled to fly, when the airship is flying for any purpose whatsover, as pilot in command of any type of airship specified in Part 1 of the aircraft rating included in the licence and as co-pilot of any type of airship specified in such aircraft rating.

4.  Glider Pilots

Commercial Pilot’s Licence (Gliders)

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to fly for any purpose as pilot in command or co-pilot of:

  (a)

  any glider of which the maximum total weight authorised does not exceed 680 kg;

  (b)

  any glider of which the maximum total weight authorised exceeds 680 kg and which is of a type specified in the rating included in the licence.

5.  Other Flight Crew

Flight Navigator’s Licence

• Minimum Age—21 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to act as flight navigator in any aircraft.

Flight Engineer’s Licence

• Minimum Age—21 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to act as flight engineer in any type of aircraft specified in the aircraft rating included in the licence.

Flight Radiotelephony Operator’s General Licence

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft.

Flight Radiotelphony Operator’s Restricted Licence

• Minimum Age—17 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—10 years

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft if the stability of the frequency radiated by the transmitter is maintained automatically but shall not be entitled to operate the transmitter, or to adjust its frequency, except by the use of external switching devices.

Flight Radiotelegraphy Operator’s Licence

• Minimum Age—20 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—12 months

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony appraratus in any aircraft.

Flight Radiotelegraphy Operator’s Temporary Licence

• Minimum Age—18 years

• Maximum Period of Validity—12 months

• Privileges:

• The holder of the licence shall be entitled to operate radiotelegraphy and radiotelephony apparatus in any aircraft under the supervision of a person who is the holder of a flight radiotelegraphy operator’s licence.