44.4—(1) Where the court is to assess the amount of costs (whether by summary or detailed assessment) it will assess those costs—
(a)on the standard basis; or
(b)on the indemnity basis,
but the court will not in either case allow costs which have been unreasonably incurred or are unreasonable in amount.
(Rule 48.3 sets out how the court decides the amount of costs payable under a contract)
(2) Where the amount of costs is to be assessed on the standard basis, the court will—
(a)only allow costs which are proportionate to the matters in issue; and
(b)resolve any doubt which it may have as to whether costs were reasonably incurred or reasonable and proportionate in amount in favour of the paying party.
(Factors which the court may take into account are set out in rule 44.5)
(3) Where the amount of costs is to be assessed on the indemnity basis, the court will resolve any doubt which it may have as to whether costs were reasonably incurred or were reasonable in amount in favour of the receiving party.
(4) Where—
(a)the court makes an order about costs without indicating the basis on which the costs are to be assessed; or
(b)the court makes an order for costs to be assessed on a basis other than the standard basis or the indemnity basis,
the costs will be assessed on the standard basis.
(5) This rule and Part 47 (detailed assessment of costs by a costs officer) do not apply to the extent that regulations made under the Legal Aid Act 1988(1) determine the amount payable.
(6) Where the amount of a solicitor’s remuneration in respect of non-contentious business is regulated by any general orders made under the Solicitors Act 1974(2), the amount of the costs to be allowed in respect of any such business which falls to be assessed by the court will be decided in accordance with those general orders rather than this rule and rule 44.5.