PART 8SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS
CHAPTER 1JOBSEEKER'S ALLOWANCE: NORMAL CASES
Interpretation of Chapters 1 and 2I15148
In Chapters 1 and 2—
“award” means an award of a jobseeker’s allowance;
“claim” means a claim for a jobseeker’s allowance;
“claimant” means a person who has made a claim, or who is treated for the purposes of the JSA Regulations as having made a claim;
“Chapter 2 claimant” means—
- a
a claimant who is entitled to a jobseeker’s allowance by virtue of regulation 17 of the JSA Regulations (laid off and short time workers); or
- b
F17a claimant who is a share fisherman—
- (i)
where the JSA Regulations apply, as defined in regulation 156 of those Regulations; and
- (ii)
where the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 2013 apply, as defined in regulation 67 of those Regulations;
- (i)
- a
“Department” means the Department for Work and Pensions or, in Northern Ireland, the Department for Social Development;
“JSA Regulations” means the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations 199667 or, in Northern Ireland, the Jobseeker’s Allowance Regulations (Northern Ireland) 199668;
“jobseeker’s allowance” means benefit payable under—
“taxable jobseeker’s allowance” means any amount of jobseeker’s allowance which is chargeable to income tax under Chapter 2 of Part 10 of ITEPA (tax on social security income).
Scope of Chapter 1I2149
This Chapter applies to claimants who are not Chapter 2 claimants.
Application of other regulationsI24150
1
The following regulations apply to payments of taxable jobseeker’s allowance made to a claimant with the modifications mentioned in paragraphs (2) and (3)—
regulation 2 | interpretation |
regulation 14 | matters relevant to determination of code |
regulation 15 | flat rate codes |
regulation 16 | continued application of employee’s code |
regulation 17 | notice to employee of code |
regulation 18 | objections and appeals against employee’s code |
regulation 19 | amendment of code |
regulation 20 | notice to employer of amended code |
regulation 21 | deduction and repayment of tax by reference to employee’s code |
regulation 97 | F3retention by employer of PAYE records |
regulation 98 | multiple PAYE schemes |
regulation 102 | succession to a business etc |
regulation 185 | adjusting total net tax deducted for purposes of sections 59A(1) and 59B(1) TMA |
regulation 188 | assessments other than self-assessments |
regulation 211 | how information must or may be delivered by employers |
regulation 214 | how information must be provided by employees |
regulation 216 | service by post. |
2
In the application of those regulations, the expressions listed in column 1 of Table 5 have the meanings shown in column 2 of the table.
1. Expression | 2. Meaning for purposes of this Chapter |
|---|---|
employee | claimant |
employer | Department |
employment | award |
relevant payments | taxable jobseeker’s allowance. |
3
In the application of regulations 20 and 21, any reference to the deduction or repayment of tax must be read as a reference to the tax calculation which the Department is required to make at the end of the tax year or on the cessation of an award (by virtue of regulations 157(2)(a) and 158(2) respectively).
Obtaining the claimant’s Form P45I29151
1
A claimant who has Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 must deliver them to the Department on making a claim for a jobseeker’s allowance which includes taxable jobseeker’s allowance.
2
If, on making a claim, the claimant declares that the claimant’s last employer did not provide Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, the Department may require the employer to deliver them to a specified office of the Department.
Deductions working sheet for claimants awarded taxable jobseeker’s allowanceI10152
1
The Department must prepare a deductions working sheet in respect of each claimant whose award includes taxable jobseeker’s allowance.
2
If the Department obtains Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relating to the claimant, it must immediately prepare the deductions working sheet using the information shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 in accordance with regulation 153.
3
If the Department does not obtain Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relating to the claimant, it must prepare the deductions working sheet in accordance with regulation 154.
Form P45: deductions working sheet and returnI18153
1
If Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relate to the current tax year, the Department must record in the deductions working sheet the total payments to date shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45.
2
If Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relate to the current tax year and show that the cumulative basis has been used, the Department must also—
a
record the following information from Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 in the deductions working sheet, or
b
keep such records as enable production of the information.
3
If the code shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 is a K code, the information is—
a
the total additional pay to date,
b
the total taxable payments to date, and
c
the lower of the total tax to date as at the week or month shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 or the total net tax deducted shown in them.
4
In any other case the information is—
a
the total free pay to date,
b
the total taxable payments to date, and
c
the corresponding total tax to date as at the week or month shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45.
5
Paragraph (6) applies if—
a
the claim is made by 24th May in a tax year, and
b
Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 show that the last relevant payment was made in the preceding tax year.
6
The Department must complete the deductions working sheet but without recording the total payments to date or total net tax deducted (if any) shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45.
7
In cases falling within paragraphs (1) and (5), the code shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 must be treated as the claimant’s code for the purposes of these Regulations.
8
If, in a case not falling within paragraph (5), Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 show that the last relevant payment was made in a tax year preceding that in which the claim was made, the Department—
a
must complete the deductions working sheet but without recording the total payments to date or total net tax deducted (if any) shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, and
b
must record the emergency code as the claimant’s code.
9
The Department must supply the information recorded under this regulation to the Inland Revenue together with such further information as may be required for the purposes of these Regulations.
No Form P45: deductions working sheet and returnI9154
1
In a case falling within regulation 152(3) (no Form P45), the Department must—
a
prepare the deductions working sheet within 14 days of the award of a taxable jobseeker’s allowance, and
b
record the emergency code as the claimant’s code.
2
The Department must also deliver a return to the Inland Revenue, giving—
a
the claimant’s name,
b
the claimant’s national insurance number,
c
the claimant’s date of birth, if known,
d
the date on which the claim was made, and
e
the reference number of the benefit office submitting the return.
3
But the return need not be delivered if the claimant certifies that the claimant—
a
is undergoing a course of full-time education and has not had regular employment since the previous 6th April, or
b
has not had regular employment since finishing full-time education.
Claimant’s code etc to be used for calculationsI32155
1
This regulation applies if, in respect of a claimant, the Department receives notification from the Inland Revenue of—
a
a code or amended code,
b
total payments to date, or
c
total net tax deducted.
2
The Department must record that notification in substitution for any previous record and use it for the purpose of all calculations required under this Chapter.
Recording the amount of taxable jobseeker’s allowanceI3156
Whenever a payment of jobseeker’s allowance is made, the Department must record the taxable jobseeker’s allowance included in the payment.
Obligations at end of tax yearI1157
1
This regulation applies in respect of each award which includes taxable jobseeker’s allowance and which continues beyond the end of a tax year.
2
Before 1st June following the end of the tax year, the Department must—
a
make a tax calculation in accordance with regulation 161 if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis;
b
subject to paragraph (3), issue a certificate to the claimant; and
c
deliver a return to the Inland Revenue.
3
The Department need not issue the certificate if—
a
no taxable jobseeker’s allowance has been paid, and
b
a tax calculation in accordance with regulation 161 is not required.
4
The certificate must show—
a
the tax year to which it relates,
b
the total jobseeker’s allowance for the tax year excluding any amounts previously notified under regulation 159(2) or 160(2),
c
the taxable jobseeker’s allowance included in the total jobseeker’s allowance,
d
the claimant’s code,
e
the claimant’s national insurance number,
f
the claimant’s name,
g
the claimant’s address, if known,
h
any previous relevant payments and any tax deducted from those relevant payments which the Department was required to take into account under regulation 161,
i
any total payments to date recorded by the Department in accordance with regulation 153(1) plus the total taxable jobseeker’s allowance for the tax year, and the corresponding total net tax deducted, and
j
the amount of tax refunded by the Department.
5
The return must show—
a
the particulars specified in paragraph (4), and
b
if a calculation is required under regulation 161, any amount of tax outstanding.
When an award ceasesI7158
1
For the purposes of these Regulations an award ceases when entitlement to a jobseeker’s allowance ceases.
2
When an award of a taxable jobseeker’s allowance ceases the Department must make a tax calculation in accordance with regulation 161 if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis.
3
The relevant date for the purposes of that calculation is the date on which the award ceases.
4
The date on which the award ceases is the last day for which benefit was paid and was not recoverable, except that if the last day is 4th or 5th April the date is the preceding 3rd April.
5
But the Department need not amend a tax calculation solely because the date used for the purposes of the calculation is subsequently shown to be incorrect.
Cessation of award: Form P45UI16159
1
When an award of a taxable jobseeker’s allowance ceases the Department must immediately complete Form P45U.
2
The Department must then—
a
send Part 1 of Form P45U to the Inland Revenue, and
b
provide Part 1A of Form P45U and Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 to the claimant.
3
The information listed in column 1 of Table 6 must, subject to the conditions set out in column 2, be provided in Parts 1 and 1A of Form P45U and Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 as indicated in columns 3 to 5.
1. | 2. | 3. | 4. | 5. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Information to be provided | Conditions | FormP45U | Form P45 | |
Part 1 | Part 1A | Parts 2 & 3 | ||
| yes | yes | yes | |
| yes | yes | yes | |
| yes | yes | yes | |
| yes | yes | yes | |
| yes | yes | yes | |
| yes | yes | yes | |
| if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | yes |
| if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | yes |
| if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis, and if different from the information supplied under item 8 | yes | yes | no |
| if the claimant’s code is not used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | no |
| if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | no | no |
| yes | no | no | |
| yes | no | no | |
| if known | yes | no | no |
| yes | yes | no | |
| yes | yes | no | |
4
The Department must also give notice to the claimant of—
a
the total jobseeker’s allowance for the tax year excluding any sums previously notified under this regulation or regulation 160, 171 or 172, and
b
the taxable jobseeker’s allowance included in that total.
5
Expressions used in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 have the following meanings—
a
“employee” means “claimant”,
b
“leaving date” means “date the award ceased”, and
c
“pay” means “jobseeker’s allowance”.
6
Regulation 163 (death of claimant) modifies the requirements of this regulation if an award of taxable jobseeker’s allowance has ceased on the death of the claimant.
Notification of taxable jobseeker’s allowance adjustmentI22160
1
Paragraph (2) applies if—
a
after a certificate under regulation 157(2)(b) has been issued (or would have been issued but for regulation 157(3)), or
b
after a notice has been issued under regulation 159(4) or this regulation,
further taxable jobseeker’s allowance is paid to, or taxable jobseeker’s allowance overpaid is recovered from, the claimant.
2
The Department must—
a
give notice to the claimant of the revised figure of total jobseeker’s allowance and the taxable jobseeker’s allowance included in that revised figure in accordance with the relevant regulation, and
b
notify the Inland Revenue of the sums paid or refunded.
Tax calculationI12161
1
This regulation applies, subject to regulation 162, if the Department is required by regulation 157 or 158 to make a tax calculation.
2
The Department must calculate in respect of the claimant as at the relevant date—
a
the total payments to date, and
b
the claimant’s total tax.
3
If the recorded tax exceeds the claimant’s total tax, the Department must repay the excess to the claimant.
4
But if the recorded tax is less than the claimant’s total taxmdash;
a
the difference is tax outstanding for the purposes of regulation 157(5)(b) or item 11 of Table 6 in regulation 159(3), and
b
the Department must treat the claimant’s code as issued by the Inland Revenue on the non-cumulative basis from the relevant date.
5
In this regulation—
F18“claimant’s total tax” means the lesser of—
- a
50% of the claimant’s total payments to date, and
- b
the tax due in accordance with the appropriate tax tables in respect of the claimant’s total taxable payments to date at the relevant date;
- a
“recorded tax” means the total tax to date or (as the case may be) the total net tax deducted which was recorded in accordance with regulation 153(3) or (4) when the claim was made;
“relevant date” means—
- a
the end of the tax year, if the calculation is required by regulation 157;
- b
the date used for the purposes of the calculation, if the calculation is required by regulation 158;
- a
“total payments to date” means any payments to date recorded by the Department in accordance with regulation 153(1), plus the total taxable jobseeker’s allowance.
No tax calculation required in certain casesI14162
1
A tax calculation under regulation 161 is not required in any of the following cases—
a
if the claimant does not give the Department Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, and does not certify in accordance with regulation 154(3) (students etc);
b
if the claimant gives the Department Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, but they do not relate to the claimant’s last employment or award before the present award, whichever is later;
c
if the claimant is in receipt of a pension in respect of a former employment;
d
if it appears to the Department on the occasion of a claim that a previous award should have been treated as having ceased in accordance with regulation 158 (when an award ceases); or
e
if the claimant’s code is a nil tax code, basic rate code or higher rate code.
2
Those cases are treated as if the Inland Revenue had made a direction that the claimant’s code must be used on the non-cumulative basis.
3
Those cases are subject to a notification from the Inland Revenue under regulation 155 that revised particulars are to be substituted and used.
Death of claimantI33163
1
On being informed of the death of a claimant whose award included taxable jobseeker’s allowance, the Department must send the Inland Revenue the completed Form P45U indicating in Part 1 that the claimant has died.
2
If the Department knows the name and address of the claimant’s personal representative, the Department must send the notice referred to in regulation 159(4) to the personal representative.
3
But if the Department has not been notified of the name and address of the claimant’s personal representative within 30 days of the claimant’s death, the Department is not required—
a
to make a tax calculation under regulation 161, nor
b
to issue the notice under regulation 159(4).
FinanceI19164
1
The Board of Inland Revenue must advance monies to the National Insurance Funds of Great Britain and Northern Ireland at intervals to be agreed with the Department for use in making repayments of income tax under these Regulations.
2
The Department must provide the Board with a quarterly statement of receipts and payments.
CHAPTER 2JOBSEEKER'S ALLOWANCE: SPECIAL CASES
Scope of Chapter 2I21165
1
This Chapter applies only to Chapter 2 claimants (as defined by regulation 148).
2
Except for regulation 148 (interpretation), Chapter 1 does not apply to Chapter 2 claimants.
Jobseeker’s allowance paid directly to claimantI17166
1
This regulation applies if the Department makes a payment of taxable jobseeker’s allowance directly to a Chapter 2 claimant.
2
The Department must—
a
record the amount, and
b
pay the full sum without any deduction or repayment of income tax.
Jobseeker’s allowance paid by employerI25167
1
If—
a
a jobseeker’s allowance is paid to a Chapter 2 claimant by the claimant’s employer on behalf of the Department, and
b
the employer calculates the jobseeker’s allowance payable by reference to instructions supplied by the Department,
the employer must also calculate the taxable jobseeker’s allowance in accordance with those instructions.
2
If—
a
a jobseeker’s allowance is paid to a Chapter 2 claimant by the claimant’s employer on behalf of the Department, and
b
paragraph (1)(b) does not apply,
the Department must notify the employer of the amount of jobseeker’s allowance and of taxable jobseeker’s allowance.
3
If the employer has undertaken to pay a jobseeker’s allowance on behalf of the Department, the Department must pay the full amount to the employer without any deduction on account of income tax.
Regulation 167 cases: application of other regulationsI11168
1
Parts 2 to 4 (codes; deduction and repayment of tax; payments, returns and information) apply to the taxable jobseeker’s allowance paid to a Chapter 2 claimant by the employer on behalf of the Department under regulation 167, as if it were a relevant payment from the employment.
2
But this is subject to paragraph (3), which applies in any case in which it appears to the Inland Revenue that deduction of tax from the taxable jobseeker’s allowance paid by the employer on behalf of the Department by reference to the tax tables is impracticable.
3
The Inland Revenue may make such other arrangements as are appropriate for the collection of tax in respect of taxable jobseeker’s allowance.
4
Regulations 170 to 172 (information to be supplied etc) do not apply if—
a
the Chapter 2 claimant’s employer has been paying the jobseeker’s allowance in accordance with regulation 167, and
b
the employer provides the information in question.
When a Chapter 2 award ceasesI31169
For the purposes of this Chapter, an award ceases when entitlement to a jobseeker’s allowance which depends on regulation 17 or 156 of the JSA Regulations ceases.
Information to be supplied at end of tax yearI5170
1
This regulation applies in respect of an award of taxable jobseeker’s allowance which continues beyond the end of a tax year.
2
Before 1st June following the end of the tax year, the Department must give notice to the Inland Revenue and the Chapter 2 claimant of—
a
the total jobseeker’s allowance, and
b
the taxable jobseeker’s allowance,
paid in respect of the award during that tax year.
Information to be supplied when an award of taxable jobseeker’s allowance ceasesI35171
1
When an award of taxable jobseeker’s allowance ceases, the Department must give notice to the Inland Revenue and, except where the Chapter 2 claimant has died, the claimant, of—
a
the total jobseeker’s allowance, and
b
the taxable jobseeker’s allowance,
paid in respect of the award, showing the amounts appropriate to the award for the tax year in which it ceased.
2
If the Department has been notified of the name and address of a deceased claimant’s personal representative within 30 days of the claimant’s death, the Department must send the notice to the personal representative.
Adjustments of taxable jobseeker’s allowanceI36172
1
Paragraph (2) applies if, after the issue of a notice under regulation 170 or 171(1)—
a
further taxable jobseeker’s allowance is paid to the Chapter 2 claimant, or
b
taxable jobseeker’s allowance overpaid is recovered from the Chapter 2 claimant.
2
The Department must—
a
notify the Chapter 2 claimant of the revised figure of total jobseeker’s allowance and the taxable jobseeker’s allowance included in that revised figure, and
b
notify the Inland Revenue of any adjustment to the figure of taxable jobseeker’s allowance,
showing the amounts appropriate to each tax year.
CHAPTER 3INCAPACITY BENEFIT
Interpretation of Chapter 3I23173
In this Chapter—
“award” means an award of incapacity benefit;
“claim” means a claim for incapacity benefit;
“claimant” means a person who has made a claim;
“Department” means the Department for Work and Pensions or, in Northern Ireland, the Department for Social Development;
“incapacity benefit” means short-term incapacity benefit or long-term incapacity benefit payable under—
“single-income claimant” means a claimant who, for a tax year—
- a
is not entitled to receive any relevant payments in addition to the payments of taxable incapacity benefit, or
- b
is so entitled but has failed to provide any details relating to those payments when making the claim,
and who is not a self-employed earner as defined by section 2 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 or, in Northern Ireland, section 2 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992;
- a
“taxable incapacity benefit” means any amount of incapacity benefit which is chargeable to income tax under Chapter 2 of Part 10 of ITEPA (tax on social security income).
Application of other regulationsI8174
1
The following regulations apply, subject to this Chapter, to payments of taxable incapacity benefit with the modifications mentioned in paragraphs (2) to (4)—
regulation 2 | interpretation |
regulation 15 | flat rate codes |
regulation 16 | continued application of employee’s code |
regulation 17 | notice to employee of code |
regulation 18 | objections and appeals against employee’s code |
regulation 19 | amendment of code |
regulation 20 | notice to employer of amended code |
regulation 21 | deduction and repayment of tax by reference to employee’s code |
regulations 22 to 25 | cumulative basis |
regulations 26 to 31 | non-cumulative basis |
regulation 33 | nil tax code: no deductions or repayments |
regulation 36 | cessation of employment: Form P45 |
regulation 66 | deductions working sheets |
regulation 67 | information to employees about payments and tax deducted |
regulation 68 | periodic payments to and recoveries from the Revenue |
regulation 69 | due date and receipts for payments of tax |
regulation 70 | quarterly tax periods |
regulation 72 | recovery from employee of tax not deducted by employer |
regulation 73 | annual return of relevant payments liable to deduction of tax |
regulation 74 | annual return of relevant payments not liable to deduction of tax |
regulation 76 | certificate if tax in regulation 73 return is unpaid |
regulation 79 | certificate after inspection of PAYE records |
regulation 84 | recovery of tax and interest |
regulation 97 | F2retention by employer of PAYE records |
regulation 98 | multiple PAYE schemes |
regulation 102 | succession to a business etc |
regulation 141 | direct collection and special arrangements |
regulation 185 | adjusting total net tax deducted for purposes of sections 59A(1) and 59B(1) TMA |
regulation 188 | assessments other than self-assessments |
regulation 211 | how information must or may be delivered by employers |
regulation 216 | service by post |
regulation 218 | certificate that sum due |
regulation 219 | payment by cheque. |
2
In the application of those regulations, the expressions listed in column 1 of Table 7 have the meanings shown in column 2 of the table.
1. Expression | 2. Meaning for purposes of this Chapter |
|---|---|
employee | claimant |
employer | Department |
employment | award |
relevant payments | taxable incapacity benefit. |
3
In regulation 15 (flat rate codes)—
a
omit paragraph (1);
b
omit paragraph (3)(a); and
c
for paragraph (3)(c) substitute—
c
the Inland Revenue consider that the code which would otherwise be the claimant’s code would result in too much tax being deducted for the tax year in question.
4
In regulation 21(1) (deduction and repayment of tax by reference to employee’s code), for “in accordance with these Regulations” substitute “in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 8”.
Emergency IB code to be used before claimant’s code issuedI37175
1
Paragraph (2) applies if the Department makes a payment of taxable incapacity benefit during a tax year to a single-income claimant before a code has been issued by the Inland Revenue for that year in respect of that award.
2
The Department must—
a
deduct tax using an emergency IB code on the non-cumulative basis, and
b
keep records in a deductions working sheet which it must prepare for the purpose.
3
The use of an emergency IB code under this regulation is treated as the issue of a code for the purposes of regulations 21, 36 and 180.
Return in respect of all claimants to taxable incapacity benefitI27176
1
When the Department first makes a payment of taxable incapacity benefit to a claimant it must immediately deliver a return to the Inland Revenue containing the following information.
2
The information is—
a
the claimant’s name,
b
the claimant’s address,
c
the claimant’s date of birth, if known,
d
the claimant’s national insurance number,
e
the date on which the claimant’s entitlement to taxable incapacity benefit began,
f
the weekly rate of taxable incapacity benefit being paid to the claimant,
g
if a code is being used for the payment, that code and whether it is used on the non-cumulative basis,
h
if the payment was preceded by payment of incapacity benefit which was not taxable, the date that benefit was first paid, and
i
the claimant’s tax reference, if known.
Further return required in certain casesI28177
1
On making a subsequent payment of taxable incapacity benefit to the claimant, the Department must deliver a further return in accordance with regulation 176 as if that subsequent payment were the first payment, if conditions A and B are met.
2
Condition A is that the Inland Revenue have previously determined the claimant’s code in relation to the payments of incapacity benefit to be a nil tax code.
3
Condition B is that the subsequent payment is the first payment to be made at a different rate from the rate subsisting at the time of that determination.
4
In addition to providing the information listed in regulation 176(2), the Department must indicate in the further return that the weekly rate of taxable incapacity benefit being paid to the claimant represents a revised amount.
Delivery of Form P45 to DepartmentI34178
1
This regulation applies if a single-income claimant—
a
has Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, and
b
has not made, and does not intend to make, a claim for repayment of tax.
2
The claimant must deliver Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 when making a claim, and the Department must immediately send them to the Inland Revenue office.
Determination of claimant’s code by Inland RevenueI30179
1
On receiving a return under regulation 176 relating to a single-income claimant, the Inland Revenue must determine the code for the claimant.
2
The Inland Revenue may determine the code for a claimant who is not a single-income claimant if they consider that it would be impractical to collect tax arising on the claimant’s taxable incapacity benefit by other means.
3
In determining the code for a claimant under this regulation, regulation 14(1) (matters to which Revenue must have regard in determining an employee’s code) does not apply.
4
If the Inland Revenue are satisfied the claimant is entitled, for the tax year for which the code is determined, to any of the following reliefs from income tax, they must have regard to that relief in determining the code for the claimant under this regulation.
5
The reliefs are—
a
personal allowance (section 257(1) of ICTA73),
b
married couple’s allowance (section 257A of ICTA74), and
c
blind person’s allowance (section 265(1) of ICTA75).
6
If the Inland Revenue determine the code for a claimant before the beginning of the tax year for which it is determined, the Inland Revenue—
a
must have regard to any expected change in the amounts of those reliefs, but
b
may disregard any of those reliefs if they are not satisfied that the claimant will be entitled to it for the tax year for which it is determined.
Death of claimantI6180
1
On the death of a claimant in respect of whom a code has been issued by the Inland Revenue, the Department must—
a
complete Form P45 indicating in Part 1 that the claimant has died, and
b
send it to the Inland Revenue.
2
The Department must comply with paragraph (1)—
a
on the day on which it learns of the claimant’s death, or
b
if that is not practicable, without unreasonable delay.
3
Paragraph (4) applies if the Department makes any payment of taxable incapacity benefit after the date of the claimant’s death—
a
before completing Form P45, or
b
after completing Form P45 but during the tax year in which the claimant died.
4
The Department must, on making the payment, deduct or repay tax as if the deceased claimant were still alive and the award had not ceased at the date of payment.
5
Regulation 37(2) to (6) (PAYE income paid after employment ceased) applies to any payment of taxable incapacity benefit which—
a
is made in a tax year following the tax year in which the claimant died, and
b
is not included in Form P45.
CHAPTER 4INCOME SUPPORT
Interpretation of Chapter 4I26181
In this Chapter—
“award” means an award of income support;
“claim” means a claim for income support;
“claimant” means a person who has made a claim;
“Department” means the Department for Work and Pensions or, in Northern Ireland, the Department for Social Development;
“income support” means benefit payable under—
“taxable income support” means any amount of income support which is chargeable to income tax under Chapter 2 of Part 10 of ITEPA (tax on social security income).
Recording the amount of taxable income supportI20182
Whenever the Department makes a payment of taxable income support it must—
a
record the amount, and
b
pay the full sum without any deduction or repayment of income tax.
Information to be supplied when an award of taxable income support ceasesI4183
1
This regulation applies when an award of taxable income support ceases.
2
The Department must give notice to the Inland Revenue and, except where the claimant has died, the claimant of—
a
the total income support, and
b
the taxable income support,
paid in respect of the award showing the amounts appropriate to each tax year.
3
If the Department has been notified of the name and address of a deceased claimant’s personal representative within 30 days of the claimant’s death, the Department must send the notice to the personal representative.
Adjustments of taxable income supportI13184
1
Paragraph (2) applies if, after the issue of a notice under regulation 183(2)—
a
further taxable income support is paid to the claimant, or
b
taxable income support overpaid is recovered from the claimant.
2
The Department must—
a
notify the claimant of the revised figure of total income support and the taxable income support included in that revised figure, and
b
notify the Inland Revenue of any adjustment to the figure of taxable income support,
showing the amounts appropriate to each tax year.
F5CHAPTER 5EMPLOYMENT AND SUPPORT ALLOWANCE
Interpretation of Chapter 5184A
In this Chapter—
“award” means an award of employment and support allowance;
“claim” means a claim for employment and support allowance;
“claimant” means a person who has made a claim;
“Department” means the Department for Work and Pensions or, in Northern Ireland, the Department for Social Development”;
“employment and support allowance” means benefit payable under—
- a
the Welfare Reform Act 2007, or
- b
in Northern Ireland, the Welfare Reform Act (Northern Ireland) 2007;
- a
“taxable employment and support allowance” means any amount of employment and support allowance which is chargeable to income tax under Chapter 2 of Part 10 of ITEPA (tax on social security income).
Application of other regulations184B
1
The following regulations apply to payments of employment and support allowance made to a claimant with the modifications mentioned in paragraphs (2) to F8(5) —
regulation 2 | interpretation |
regulation 14 | matters relevant to determination of code |
regulation 15 | flat rate codes |
regulation 16 | continued application of employee’s code |
regulation 17 | notice to employee of code |
regulation 18 | objections and appeals against employee’s code |
regulation 19 | amendment of code |
regulation 20 | notice to employer of amended code |
regulation 21 | deduction and repayment of tax by reference to employee’s code |
regulation 97 | F1retention by employer of PAYE records |
regulation 98 | multiple PAYE schemes |
regulation 102 | succession to a business etc |
regulation 185 | adjusting total net tax deducted for purposes of sections 59A(1) and 59B(1) TMA |
mandatory use of electronic communications | |
regulation 206 | employers F12... |
regulation 207 | specified information |
F10. . . | F10. . . |
regulation 209 | standards of accuracy and completeness |
regulation 210 | penalty for failing to deliver F13... specified information |
F9. . . | F9. . . |
regulation 210C | appeals and interest |
regulation 211 | how information must or may be delivered by employers |
regulation 214 | how information must be provided by employees |
regulation 216 | service by post. |
2
In the application of those regulations, the expressions listed in column 1 of Table 7A have the meanings shown in column 2 of the table.
3
In the application of regulations 20 (notice to employer of amended code) and 21 (deduction and repayment of tax by reference to employee’s code), any reference to the deduction or repayment of tax shall be read as a reference to the tax calculation which the Department is required to make at the end of the tax year or on the cessation of an award (by virtue of regulation 184I(2)(a) and 184K(2).
4
In the application of regulation 207 (specified information) the reference to specified information shall be read as including references to—
a
the return and accompanying information required by regulations 184G (return in respect of all claimants to taxable employment and support allowance) and 184J (annual return),
b
Part 1 of Form P45ESA, and
c
the information required under regulation 184E(9).
F75
In the application of regulation 210 (penalty for failing to deliver specified information)—
a
where the specified information is the return and accompanying information required by regulation 184J (annual return) the penalty will be determined in accordance with regulation F15210AA, and
b
where the specified information is 184G (return in respect of all claimants to taxable employment and support allowance), Part 1 of Form P45ESA or the information required under regulation 184E(9) the penalty will be determined in accordance with F16regulations 210B and 210BA.
Obtaining the claimant’s Form P45184C
1
A claimant who has Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 must deliver them to the Department on making a claim for employment and support allowance which includes taxable employment and support allowance.
2
If on making a claim, the claimant declares that the claimant’s last employer did not provide Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, the Department may require the employer to deliver them to a specified officer of the Department.
Deductions working sheet for claimants awarded taxable employment and support allowance184D
1
The Department must prepare a deductions working sheet in respect of each claimant whose award includes taxable employment and support allowance.
2
If the Department obtains Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relating to the claimant, it must immediately prepare the deductions working sheet using the information shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 in accordance with regulation 184E.
3
If the Department does not obtain Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relating to the claimant, it must prepare the deductions working sheet in accordance with regulation 184F.
Form P45: deductions working sheet and return184E
1
If Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relate to the current tax year, the Department must record in the deductions working sheet the total payments to date shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45.
2
If Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 relate to the current tax year and show that the cumulative basis has been used, the Department must also—
a
record the following information from Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 in the deductions working sheet, or
b
keep such records as enable production of the information.
3
If the code shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 is a K code, the information is—
a
the code shown,
b
the total additional pay to date,
c
the total taxable payments to date, and
d
the lower of the total tax to date as at the week or month shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 or the total net tax deducted shown in them.
4
In any other case, the information is—
a
the code shown,
b
the total free pay to date,
c
the total taxable payments to date, and
d
the corresponding total tax to date as at the week or month shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45.
5
Paragraph (6) applies if—
a
the claim is made by 24th May in a tax year, and
b
Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 show that the last relevant payment was made in the preceding tax year.
6
The Department must complete the deductions working sheet but without recording the total payments to date or total net tax deducted (if any) shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45.
7
In cases falling within paragraphs (1) and (6), the code shown in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 must be treated as the claimant’s code for the purposes of these Regulations.
8
If, in a case not falling within paragraph (6), Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 show that the last relevant payment was made in a tax year preceding that in which the claim was made, the Department—
a
must complete the deductions working sheet but without recording the total payments to date or total net tax deducted (if any) shown in parts 2 and 3 of Form P45, and
b
must record the emergency code as the claimant’s code.
9
The Department must supply the information recorded under this regulation to HMRC together with such further information as may be required for the purposes of these Regulations.
No Form P45: deductions working sheet and return184F
In a case falling within regulation 184D(3) (no Form P45), the Department must—
a
prepare the deductions working sheet within 14 days of the award of a taxable employment and support allowance, and
b
record the emergency code as the claimant’s code.
Return in respect of all claimants to taxable employment and support allowance184G
1
When the Department first makes a payment of taxable employment and support allowance to a claimant it must deliver a return to HMRC containing the following information.
2
The information is—
a
the claimant’s name,
b
the claimant’s address,
c
the claimant’s date of birth, if known,
d
the claimant’s national insurance number,
e
the date on which the claimant’s entitlement to taxable employment and support allowance began,
f
the weekly rate of taxable employment and support allowance being paid to the claimant,
g
if the payment was preceded by a payment of employment and support allowance which was not taxable, the date that benefit was first paid, and
h
the claimant’s tax reference, if known.
3
But the return need not be delivered if the claimant certifies that the claimant—
a
is undergoing a course of full-time education and has not had regular employment since the previous 6th April, or
b
has not had regular employment since finishing full-time education.
Further return required in certain cases184H
1
On making a subsequent payment of taxable employment and support allowance to the claimant, the Department must deliver a further return in accordance with regulation 184G as if that subsequent payment were the first payment, if the condition set out in paragraph (2) is met.
2
The condition is that the subsequent payment is the first payment to be made at a different rate from the rate subsisting at the time of that determination.
3
In addition to providing the information listed in regulation 184G(2), the Department must indicate in the further return that the weekly rate of taxable employment and support allowance being paid to the claimant represents a revised amount.
Obligations at the end of the year184I
1
This regulation applies in respect of each award which includes taxable employment and support allowance and which continues beyond the end of a tax year.
2
Before 1st June following the end of the tax year the Department must—
a
make a tax calculation in accordance with regulation 184N if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis; and
b
subject to paragraph (3), issue a certificate to the claimant.
3
The Department need not issue a certificate if—
a
no taxable employment and support allowance has been paid, and
b
a tax calculation in accordance with regulation 184N is not required.
4
The certificate must show—
a
the tax year to which it relates,
b
the total employment and support allowance for the tax year excluding any amounts previously notified under regulations 184L(4) and 184Q(2)(a),
c
the taxable employment and support allowance included in the total employment and support allowance,
d
the claimant’s code,
e
the claimant’s national insurance number,
f
the claimant’s address (if known),
h
any previous relevant payments and any tax deducted from those relevant payments which the Department was required to take into account under regulation 184N,
i
any total payments to date recorded by the Department in accordance with regulation 184E(1) plus the total taxable employment and support allowance for the tax year, and the corresponding total net tax deducted, and
j
the amount of tax refunded by the Department.
Annual return184J
1
This regulation applies in respect of each award which includes taxable employment and support allowance.
2
Before 1st June following the end of the tax year, the Department must deliver a return to HMRC.
3
The return must show—
a
the particulars specified in regulation 184I(4), and
b
if a calculation is required under regulation 184N any amount of tax outstanding.
When an award ceases184K
1
For the purposes of these Regulations an award ceases when entitlement to an employment and support allowance ceases.
2
When an award of a taxable employment and support allowance ceases, the Department must make a tax calculation in accordance with regulation 184N.
3
The relevant date for the purposes of that calculation is the date on which the award ceases.
4
The date on which the award ceases is the last day for which benefit was paid and was not recoverable, except that if the last day is 4th or 5th April the date is the preceding 3rd April.
5
But the Department need not amend a tax calculation solely because the date used for the purposes of the calculation is subsequently shown to be incorrect.
Cessation of award: Form P45ESA184L
1
When an award of a taxable employment and support allowance ceases, the Department must immediately complete Form P45ESA.
2
The Department must then—
a
send Part 1 of Form P45ESA to HMRC; and
b
provide Part 1A of P45ESA and Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 to the claimant.
3
The information listed in column 1 of Table 7B must, subject to the conditions set out in column 2, be provided in Parts 1 and 1A of Form P45ESA and Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 as indicated in columns 3 to 5.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Information to be provided | Conditions | Form P45ESA | Form P45ESA | Form P45 |
Part 1 | Part 1A | Parts 2 and 3 | ||
1. the tax reference as shown in the deductions working sheet | yes | yes | yes | |
2. claimant’s national insurance number | yes | yes | yes | |
3. claimant’s name | yes | yes | yes | |
4. the date on which the award ceased | yes | yes | yes | |
5. the claimant’s code or, if more than one, the latest code for the tax year during which the award ceased | yes | yes | yes | |
6. whether the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | yes | |
7. the tax week or month in which the award ceased | if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | yes |
8. the total payments to date (including taxable employment and support allowance) at the date the award ceased, and the corresponding total net tax deducted | if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | yes |
9. the taxable employment and support allowance paid during the tax year by virtue of the award in question | if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis, and if different from the information supplied under item 8 | yes | yes | no |
10. the taxable employment and support allowance paid during the tax year in question by virtue of the award in question | if the claimant’s code is not used on the cumulative basis | yes | yes | no |
11. any amount of tax outstanding | if the claimant’s code is used on the cumulative basis | yes | no | no |
12. whether the claimant was self-employed immediately before the claim was made. | yes | no | no | |
13. whether the claimant is receiving a pension by reason of a former employment. | yes | no | no | |
14. the claimant’s address | if known | yes | no | no |
15. the address of the benefit office | yes | yes | no | |
16. the date the form is completed | yes | yes | no |
4
The Department must also give notice to the claimant of—
a
the total employment and support allowance for the tax year excluding any sums previously notified under this regulation and regulation 184Q(2)(a), and
b
the taxable employment and support allowance included in that total.
5
Expressions used in Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 have the following meanings—
a
“employee” means “claimant”;
b
“leaving date” means “date the award ceased”; and
c
“pay” means “employment and support allowance”.
6
Regulation 184M (death of claimant) modifies the requirements of this regulation if an award of taxable employment and support allowance has ceased on the death of the claimant.
7
If Form P45ESA has not come into use when the award of taxable employment and support allowance ceases, the Department must complete form P45U and any references to form P45ESA in these regulations shall be read as a reference to form P45U.
Death of claimant184M
1
On being informed of the death of a claimant whose award included taxable employment and support allowance, the Department must send HMRC the completed Form P45ESA indicating in Part 1 that the claimant has died.
2
If the Department knows the name and address of the claimant’s personal representative the Department must send the notice referred to in regulation 184L(4) to the personal representative.
3
But if the Department has not been notified of the name and address of the claimant’s personal representative within 30 days of the claimant’s death, the Department is not required—
a
to make a tax calculation under regulation 184N, nor
b
to issue the notice under regulation 184L(4).
Tax calculation184N
1
This regulation applies, subject to regulation 184O, if the Department is required by regulation 184I or 184K to make a tax calculation.
2
The Department must calculate in respect of the claimant as at the relevant date—
a
the total payments to date, and
b
the claimant’s total tax.
3
If the recorded tax exceeds the claimant’s total tax, the Department must repay the excess to the claimant.
4
But if the recorded tax is less than the claimant’s total tax—
a
the difference is tax outstanding for the purposes of regulation 184J(3)(b) or item 11 of table 7B in regulation 184L(3), and
b
the Department must treat the claimant’s code as issued by HMRC on the non-cumulative basis from the relevant date.
5
In this regulation—
“claimant’s total tax” means—
- a
if the claimant’s code is a K code, the lesser of—
- i
50% of the claimant’s total payments to date, and
- ii
the tax due in accordance with the appropriate tax tables in respect of the claimant’s total taxable payments to date at the relevant date,
- i
- b
in any other case, the tax due in accordance with the appropriate tax tables in respect of the claimant’s total taxable payments to date at the relevant date;
- a
“recorded tax” means the total tax to date or (as the case may be) the total net tax deducted which was recorded in accordance with regulation 184E(3) or (4) when the claim was made;
“relevant date” means—
- a
the end of the tax year, if the calculation is required by regulation 184I,
- b
the date used for the purposes of the calculation, if the calculation is required by regulation 184K;
- a
“total payments to date” means any payments to date recorded by the Department in accordance with regulation 184E(1) plus the total taxable employment and support allowance.
No tax calculation required in certain cases184O
1
A tax calculation made under regulation 184N is not required in any of the following cases—
a
if the claimant does not give the Department Parts 2 and 3 of form P45 and does not certifiy in accordance with regulation 184G(3) (students etc),
b
if the claimant gives the Department Parts 2 and 3 of Form P45 but they do not relate to the claimant’s last employment or award before the present award, whichever is the later,
c
if the claimant is in receipt of a pension in respect of a former employment,
d
if it appears to the Department on the occasion of a claim that a previous award should have been treated as having ceased in accordance with regulation 184K (when an award ceases), or
e
if the claimant’s code is a nil tax code, basic rate code or higher rate code.
2
Those cases are treated as if HMRC had made a direction that the claimant’s code must be used on the non-cumulative basis.
3
Those cases are subject to a notification from HMRC under regulation 184P that revised particulars are to be substituted and used.
Claimant’s code etc to be used for calculations184P
1
This regulation applies if, in respect of a claimant, the Department receives notification from HMRC of—
a
a code or amended code,
b
total payments to date, or
c
total net tax deducted.
2
The Department must record that notification in substitution for any previous record and use it for the purpose of all calculations required under this Chapter.
Notification of taxable employment and support allowance184Q
1
Paragraph (2) applies if—
a
after a certificate under regulation 184I(2)(b) has been issued (or would have been issued but for regulation 184I(3)), or
b
after a notice has been issued under regulation 184L(4) or this regulation,
further taxable employment and support allowance is paid to, or taxable employment and support allowance overpaid is recovered from, the claimant.
2
The Department must—
a
give notice to the claimant of the revised figure of total employment and support allowance and the taxable employment and support allowance included in that revised figure in accordance with the relevant regulation, and
b
notify HMRC of the sums paid or refunded.
Recording the amount of taxable employment and support allowance184R
Whenever a payment of employment and support allowance is made, the Department must record the taxable employment and support allowance included in the payment.
Finance184S
1
HMRC must advance monies to the National Funds of Great Britain and Northern Ireland at intervals to be agreed with the Department for use in making repayments of income tax under these Regulations.
2
The Department must provide HMRC with a quarterly statement of receipts and payments made under this Chapter.
Pt. 8 Ch. 5 inserted (27.10.2008) by The Income Tax (Pay As You Earn) (Amendment) (No.2) Regulations 2008 (S.I. 2008/2601), regs. 1, 3