2005 No. 1923
The Occupational Pension Schemes (Equal Treatment) (Amendment) Regulations 2005
Made
Laid before Parliament
Coming into force
The Secretary of State, being a Minister designated1 for the purposes of section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 19722 in relation to measures relating to discrimination, in the exercise of the powers conferred by that section and by sections 63(5), 66(4), 124(1) and 174(2) and (3) of the Pensions Act 19953, and all other powers enabling him in that behalf having consulted with such persons as he considers appropriate4, hereby makes the following Regulations:
PART 1GENERAL
Citation, commencement and interpretation1
1
These Regulations may be cited as the Occupational Pension Schemes (Equal Treatment) (Amendment) Regulations 2005.
2
These Regulations shall come into force on 10th August 2005.
3
In these Regulations—
“armed forces” means the naval, military or air forces of the Crown;
“armed forces scheme” means any occupational pension scheme—
- a
made under section 3 of the Naval and Marine Pay and Pensions Act 18655 (payment of naval and marine pay and pensions according to Order in Council),
- b
set out in the Army Pensions Warrant 19776,
- c
made under section 2 of the Air Force (Constitution) Act 19177 (government, discipline and pay of Air Force),
- d
made under sections 4 and 8 of the Reserve Forces Act 19968 (orders and regulations concerning the reserve forces), or
- e
made under section 1 of the Armed Forces (Pensions and Compensation) Act 20049 (pension and compensation schemes: armed and reserve forces);
- a
“commencement date” means the date specified in paragraph (2);
“Equal Pay Act” means the Equal Pay Act 197010;
“equality clause” shall be construed in accordance with section 1(2) of the Equal Pay Act;
“occupational pension scheme” has the meaning given by section 1 of the Pension Schemes Act 199311 (categories of pension scheme);
“pension-related term of service” has the meaning given by regulation 12(2); and
“pensioner member” includes a person who is entitled to the present payment of pension or other benefits derived through a member.
PART 2EQUAL TREATMENT: AMENDMENTS
Application of Part 22
1
The modifications contained in amendments made by this Part of these Regulations apply to proceedings in respect of the terms of an occupational pension scheme if the proceedings are instituted on or after the commencement date (subject to paragraph (2)).
2
Those modifications do not so apply if the last day on which the woman was employed in the employment to which the occupational pension scheme relates falls more than six months before the commencement date.
Pensions Act 1995
Modification of Equal Pay Act provisions applied to equal treatment rule3
In section 63 of the Pensions Act 1995 (equal treatment rule: supplementary), subsection (4)(c) is repealed.
Occupational Pension Schemes (Equal Treatment) Regulations 1995
Equal Pay Act provisions applying to equal treatment rule and equality clause4
The Occupational Pension Schemes (Equal Treatment) Regulations 199512 are amended in accordance with regulations 5 and 6.
Modifications: operation of equal treatment rule5
1
In regulation 2 (application of Equal Pay Act to equal treatment rule)—
a
renumber the existing text as paragraph (1);
b
in paragraph (1), for sub-paragraph (a) substitute—
a
subject to the further modifications made in paragraph (2) below and in regulations 3 to 7 below,
c
after paragraph (1) add—
2
Section 2ZA of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect in relation to an equal treatment rule as if—
a
for subsection (1) there were substituted—
1
This section applies for the purpose of determining the qualifying date, in relation to relevant proceedings in respect of a woman, for the purposes of section 2(4) above.
1A
In subsection (1) above “relevant proceedings” means proceedings in respect of the terms on which—
a
persons become members of an occupational pension scheme, or
b
members of an occupational pension scheme are treated.
b
in subsection (2)—
i
in paragraph (a) of the definition of “concealment case”, the reference to the employer was a reference to the employer or the trustees or managers of the scheme, and
ii
in paragraph (c) of the definition of “disability case”, the reference to the employer was a reference to the employer or the trustees or managers of the scheme.
2
For regulation 5 (power to declare right to admission to scheme and employer’s duty to provide additional resources) substitute—
Power for a court or employment tribunal to declare right to admission to scheme5
Where a claim to which regulation 3 applies relates to the terms on which persons become members of the scheme, section 2 of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if, after subsection (5A) (as inserted by regulation 4), there were added—
6A
Where a court or employment tribunal finds that there has been a breach of an equal treatment rule which relates to the terms on which persons become members of the scheme (including any terms concerning the age or length of service needed for becoming a member of the scheme), the court or tribunal may declare that a woman has the right to be admitted to the scheme with effect from such date as it may specify provided that, in any case, that date is not earlier than 8th April 1976.
3
For regulation 7 (power to make financial award for equal treatment claims by pensioner members and employer’s duty to provide additional resources) substitute—
Power for a court or employment tribunal to make a financial award for equal treatment claims by pensioner members and employer’s duty to provide additional resources7
1
This regulation applies in the case of a claim by a pensioner member of a scheme in respect of a failure to comply with an equal treatment rule which relates to the terms on which the member is treated.
2
Section 2 of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if—
a
for subsection (5) there were substituted—
5
A woman who is a pensioner member shall not be entitled, in proceedings brought in respect of a failure to comply with an equal treatment rule (including proceedings before an employment tribunal), to be awarded any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award—
a
in proceedings in England and Wales, in respect of a time earlier than the arrears date (determined in accordance with section 2ZB below), and
b
in proceedings in Scotland, in respect of a time before the period determined in accordance with section 2ZC below.
b
the following subsections were added after subsection (5A) (as inserted by regulation 4)—
6C
Where a court or employment tribunal awards a payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages, or makes any other financial award, the employer shall provide any such resources to the scheme as are specified in subsection (7C) below.
7C
The resources referred to in subsection (6C) above are such additional resources, if any, as may be necessary for the scheme to secure to the pensioner member the payment of the amount awarded or other financial award made, without contribution or further contribution by the pensioner member or by other members of the scheme.
3
Section 2ZB of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if—
a
for subsection (1) there were substituted—
1
This section applies for the purpose of determining the arrears date, in relation to an award of any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award in relevant proceedings in England and Wales in respect of a woman, for the purposes of section 2(5)(a) above.
1A
In subsection (1) above “relevant proceedings” means proceedings in respect of the terms on which members of an occupational pension scheme are treated.
b
in subsection (2), the reference in the definition of “concealment case” to the employer were a reference to the employer or the trustees or managers of the scheme.
4
Section 2ZC of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if—
a
for subsection (1) there were substituted—
1
This section applies, in relation to an award of any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award in relevant proceedings in Scotland in respect of a woman, for the purposes of determining the period mentioned in section 2(5)(b) above.
1A
In subsection (1) above “relevant proceedings” means proceedings in respect of the terms on which members of an occupational pension scheme are treated.
b
in subsection (2)(a), the reference to the employer or any person acting on his behalf was a reference to the employer, the trustees or managers of the scheme or any person acting on his or their behalf.
Modifications: operation of equality clause on pension-related terms of employment6
For regulation 10 (power to declare right to admission to scheme for breach of term in contract of employment and employer’s duty to provide additional resources) substitute—
Power for a court or employment tribunal to declare right to admission to scheme for breach of term in contract of employment in relation to access claims10
Where a claim to which regulation 9 applies relates to the terms on which persons become members of the scheme, section 2 of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if, after subsection (5) (as modified by regulation 9), there were added—
6D
Where a court or employment tribunal finds that there has been a breach of an equality clause which relates to the terms on which persons become members of the scheme (including any terms concerning the age or length of service needed for becoming a member of the scheme), the court or tribunal may declare that a woman has a right to be admitted to the scheme with effect from such date as it may specify provided that, in any case, that date is not earlier than 8th April 1976.
PART 3EQUAL TREATMENT RULE: ARMED FORCES SCHEMES
Application of Part 37
1
This Part of these Regulations—
a
applies (with modifications) certain provisions of the Equal Pay Act in relation to the operation of an equal treatment rule in respect of the terms of an occupational pension scheme; but
b
applies only to schemes which are armed forces schemes13.
2
The modifications of the Equal Pay Act made by this Part of these Regulations apply to proceedings in respect of the terms of an armed forces scheme if the proceedings are instituted on or after the commencement date (subject to paragraph (3)).
3
Those modifications do not so apply if the last day of the woman’s period of service (to which the scheme relates) in the armed forces falls more than nine months before the commencement date.
Operation of equal treatment rule on armed forces schemes8
1
Section 7A of the Equal Pay Act (service pay and conditions) shall have effect, in relation to the operation of an equal treatment rule in respect of an armed forces scheme, as if it were modified as follows (see also regulations 10 and 11 which make further modifications to deal with different cases).
2
Omit subsections (1) and (2).
3
For subsections (3) and (4) substitute—
3
Any claim in respect of the contravention, in respect of a woman, of a term of an armed forces scheme which—
a
relates to the terms on which—
i
persons become members of the scheme, or
ii
members of the scheme are treated; and
b
is modified or included by an equal treatment rule,
may be presented by way of a complaint to an employment tribunal under this section (and may not be presented by way of a complaint to an employment tribunal under section 2 above).
4
Subsections (5) to (10) below apply in relation to any claim by a woman (“the claimant”) arising from a contravention of a term of a scheme referred to in subsection (3) above.
4
For subsection (10) substitute—
10
Section 2A above shall apply in relation to a complaint in respect of the claim as it applies to a complaint presented to an employment tribunal under section 2(1) above, but with the substitution for any reference to section 1(2)(c) above of a reference to section 62(3)(c) of the Pensions Act 1995 (the equal treatment rule).
5
In subsection (12), after the definition of “armed forces”, insert—
“armed forces scheme” has the same meaning as in the Occupational Pension Schemes (Equal Treatment) (Amendment) Regulations 2005;
6
After subsection (13) insert—
14
In the application of this section and sections 7AA to 7AC below to any claim in respect of the contravention of a term of an armed forces pension scheme, expressions used in any of those sections and in the Pensions Act 1995 have the same meaning as in that Act.
Definition of “qualifying date”: proceedings relating to armed forces schemes9
1
Section 7AA of the Equal Pay Act (meaning of “qualifying date” under section 7A(8)) shall have effect, in relation to the operation of an equal treatment rule in respect of an armed forces scheme, as if it were modified as follows.
2
For subsection (1) substitute—
1
This section applies for the purpose of determining the qualifying date, in relation to relevant proceedings on a complaint in respect of a woman, for the purposes of section 7A(8) above.
1A
In subsection (1) above “relevant proceedings” means proceedings in respect of the terms on which—
a
persons become members of an armed forces scheme, or
b
members of an armed forces scheme are treated.
3
In subsection (2), in the definitions of “concealment case” and “disability case”, for the words “the employer” substitute “the employer or the managers of the armed forces scheme”.
Claims relating to contraventions of terms as to admission or treatment10
1
In the case of a claim that—
a
is made in respect of a contravention of a term of an armed forces scheme that relates to the terms on which—
i
persons become members of the scheme, or
ii
members of the scheme are treated, and
b
does not fall within regulation 11,
section 7A of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if it were further modified as follows.
2
For subsection (9) substitute—
9
A woman shall not be entitled, in proceedings on a complaint in respect of the claim, to be awarded any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award.
9A
A court or employment tribunal which finds that there has been a contravention of a term which is modified or included by an equal treatment rule may—
a
where the contravention relates to the terms on which persons become members of an armed forces scheme (including any terms concerning the age or length of service needed for becoming a member of the scheme), declare that a woman has the right to be admitted to the scheme with effect from such date as the court or employment tribunal may specify provided that, in any case, that date is not earlier than 8th April 1976;
b
where the contravention relates to the terms on which members of an armed forces scheme are treated, declare that a woman who is a member has a right to equal treatment in respect of such a period as the court or employment tribunal may specify provided that, in any case, that period does not begin before 17th May 1990.
9B
Where a declaration under subsection (9A)(b) above relates to any period falling before the date of the declaration, the employer shall provide to the armed forces scheme such additional resources (if any) as may be necessary for the scheme to secure to the member, without contribution or further contribution by the member or by other members of the scheme, the same accrued rights in respect of the period falling before the date of the declaration as if that member had been treated equally in respect of that period.
Claims by pensioner members relating to contraventions of terms as to treatment11
1
In the case of a claim that—
a
is made in respect of a contravention of a term of an armed forces scheme that relates to the terms on which members of the scheme are treated; and
b
is made by a pensioner member,
the following provisions of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if they were modified (or, in the case of section 7A, further modified) as follows.
2
In section 7A for subsection (9) substitute—
9
A woman who is a pensioner member shall not be entitled, in proceedings on a complaint in respect of the claim, to be awarded any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award—
a
in proceedings in England and Wales, in respect of a time earlier than the arrears date (determined in accordance with section 7AB below);
b
in proceedings in Scotland, in respect of a time before the period determined in accordance with section 7AC below.
9A
Where a court or employment tribunal awards a payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages, or makes any other financial award, the employer shall provide any such resources to the armed forces scheme as are specified in subsection (9B) below.
9B
The resources referred to in subsection (9A) above are such additional resources, if any, as may be necessary for the scheme to secure to the pensioner member the payment of the amount awarded or other financial award made, without contribution or further contribution by the pensioner member or by other members of the scheme.
3
In section 7AB (“arrears date” in proceedings in England and Wales under section 7A(9))—
a
for subsection (1) substitute—
1
This section applies for the purpose of determining the arrears date, in relation to an award of any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award in relevant proceedings in England and Wales in respect of a woman, for the purposes of section 7A(9)(a) above.
1A
In subsection (1) above “relevant proceedings” means proceedings on a complaint in respect of the terms on which members of an armed forces scheme are treated.
b
in subsection (2), in paragraph (a) of the definition of “concealment case” for the words “the employer” substitute “the employer or the managers of the armed forces scheme”.
4
In section 7AC (determination of “period” in proceedings in Scotland under section 7A(9))—
a
for subsection (1) substitute—
1
This section applies, in relation to an award of any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages or any other financial award in relevant proceedings in Scotland in respect of a woman, for the purposes of determining the period mentioned in section 7A(9)(b) above.
1A
In subsection (1) above “relevant proceedings” means proceedings on a complaint in respect of the terms on which members of an armed forces scheme are treated.
b
in subsection (2)(a), for the words “the employer or any person acting on his behalf” substitute “the employer, the managers of the armed forces scheme or any person acting on his or their behalf.
PART 4EQUALITY CLAUSE: SERVICE IN ARMED FORCES
Application of Part 412
1
This Part of these Regulations modifies the Equal Pay Act in relation to the operation of an equality clause in respect of a pension-related term of service.
2
“Pension-related term of service” means a term of service in any of the armed forces which relates to the terms on which—
a
persons become members of an armed forces scheme; or
b
members of such a scheme are treated.
3
The modifications of the Equal Pay Act made by this Part of these Regulations apply to proceedings in respect of pension-related terms of service if the proceedings are instituted on or after the commencement date (subject to paragraph (4)).
4
Those modifications do not so apply if the last day of the woman’s period of service in the armed forces falls more than nine months before the commencement date.
Operation of equality clause on pension-related terms of service13
1
Section 7A of the Equal Pay Act (service pay and conditions) shall have effect, in relation to the operation of an equality clause in respect of a pension-related term of service, as if it were modified as follows (see also regulations 14 and 15 which make further modifications to deal with different cases).
2
In subsection (12), after the definition of “armed forces” insert—
“armed forces scheme” and “pension-related term of service” have the same meaning as in the Occupational Pension Scheme (Equal Treatment) (Amendment) Regulations 2005;
3
After subsection (13) insert—
14
In the application of this section and sections 7AA to 7AC below to any claim in respect of a contravention of a pension-related term of service—
a
references to pay shall be regarded as references to benefits; and
b
expressions used in any of those sections and in the Pensions Act 1995 have the same meaning as in that Act.
Claims relating to contraventions of terms as to admission or treatment14
1
In the case of a claim that—
a
is made in respect of a contravention of a pension-related term of service, and
b
does not fall within regulation 15,
section 7A of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if it were further modified as follows.
2
For subsection (9) substitute—
9
A woman shall not be entitled, in proceedings on a complaint in respect of the claim, to be awarded any payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages.
9A
A court or employment tribunal which finds that there has been a contravention of a pension-related term of service which is modified or included by a term corresponding to an equality clause in a contract of employment may—
a
where the contravention relates to the terms on which persons become members of an armed forces scheme (including any term concerning the age or length of service needed for becoming a member of the scheme), declare that a woman has the right to be admitted to the scheme with effect from such date as the court or employment tribunal may specify provided that, in any case, that date is not earlier than 8th April 1976;
b
where the contravention relates to the terms on which members of an armed forces scheme are treated, declare that a woman who is a member has a right to equal treatment in respect of such a period as the court or employment tribunal may specify provided that, in any case, that period does not begin before 17th May 1990.
9B
Where a declaration under subsection (9A)(b) above relates to any period falling before the date of the declaration, the employer shall provide to the armed forces scheme such additional resources (if any) as may be necessary for the scheme to secure to the member, without contribution or further contribution by the member or by other members of the scheme, the same accrued rights in respect of the period falling before the date of the declaration as if that member had been treated equally in respect of that period.
Claims by pensioner members relating to contraventions of terms as to treatment15
1
In the case of a claim that—
a
is made in respect of a contravention of a pension-related term of service that relates to the terms on which members of an armed forces scheme are treated; and
b
is made by a pensioner member,
section 7A of the Equal Pay Act shall have effect as if it were further modified as follows.
2
In subsection (9), after “A woman” insert “who is a pensioner member”.
3
After subsection (9) insert—
9A
Where a court or employment tribunal awards a payment by way of arrears of benefits or damages, the employer shall provide any such resources to the armed forces scheme as are specified in subsection (9B) below.
9B
The resources referred to in subsection (9A) above are such additional resources, if any, as may be necessary for the scheme to secure to the pensioner member the payment of the amount awarded, without contribution or further contribution by the pensioner member or by other members of the scheme.
Signed by authority of the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions.
(This note is not part of the Regulations)