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  1. Introductory Text

  2. PART 1 INTRODUCTION

    1. 1.Citation and commencement

    2. 2.Interpretation

    3. The Benefit Unit

      1. 3.Couples

      2. 4.When a person is responsible for a child or qualifying young person

      3. 4A.Responsibility for children looked after by a local authority

      4. 5.Meaning of “qualifying young person”

    4. General

      1. 6.Rounding

  3. PART 2 ENTITLEMENT

    1. 7.Introduction

    2. Minimum age

      1. 8.Cases where the minimum age is 16

    3. In Great Britain

      1. 9.Persons treated as not being in Great Britain

      2. 10.Crown servants and members of Her Majesty's forces posted overseas

      3. 11.Temporary absence from Great Britain

    4. Receiving education

      1. 12.Meaning of “receiving education”

      2. 13.Meaning of “undertaking a course”

      3. 14.Exceptions to the requirement not to be receiving education

    5. Accepting a claimant commitment

      1. 15.Claimant commitment – date and method of acceptance

      2. 16.Claimant commitment – exceptions

    6. Financial conditions

      1. 17.Minimum amount

      2. 18.Capital limit

    7. Restrictions on entitlement

      1. 19.Restrictions on entitlement – prisoners etc.

      2. 19A.Waiting Days

  4. PART 3 AWARDS

    1. 20.Introduction

    2. 20A.Awards

    3. 21.Assessment periods

    4. 21A.Assessment period cycle to remain the same following change in the first date of entitlement

    5. 22.Deduction of income and work allowance

    6. 22A.Apportionment where re-claim delayed after loss of employment

  5. PART 4 ELEMENTS OF AN AWARD

    1. 23.Introduction

    2. Responsibility for children or young persons

      1. 24.The child element

      2. 24A.Availability of the child element where maximum exceeded

      3. 24B.Order of children and qualifying young persons

    3. Housing costs

      1. 25.The housing costs element

      2. 26.Amount of the housing costs element – renters and owner-occupiers

    4. Particular needs or circumstances - capability for work

      1. 27.Award to include LCWRA element

      2. 28.Period for which the ... LCWRA element is not to be included

    5. Particular needs or circumstances – carers

      1. 29.Award to include the carer element

      2. 30.Meaning of “regular and substantial caring responsibilities for a severely disabled person”

    6. Particular needs or circumstances - childcare costs

      1. 31.Award to include childcare costs element

      2. 32.The work condition

      3. 33.The childcare costs condition

      4. 34.Amount of childcare costs element

      5. 34A.Charges attributable to an assessment period

      6. 35.Meaning of “relevant childcare”

    7. General

      1. 36.Table showing amounts of elements

      2. 37.Run-on after a death

  6. PART 5 CAPABILITY FOR WORK OR WORK-RELATED ACTIVITY

    1. 38.Introduction

    2. 39.Limited capability for work

    3. 40.Limited capability for work and work-related activity

    4. Work Capability Assessment

      1. 41.When an assessment may be carried out

      2. 42.Assessment - supplementary

      3. 43.Information requirement

      4. 44.Medical examinations

  7. PART 6 CALCULATION OF CAPITAL AND INCOME

    1. CHAPTER 1 CAPITAL

      1. 45.Introduction

      2. 46.What is included in capital?

      3. 47.Jointly held capital

      4. 48.Capital disregarded

      5. 49.Valuation of capital

      6. 50.Notional capital

    2. CHAPTER 2 EARNED INCOME

      1. 51.Introduction

      2. 52.Meaning of “earned income”

      3. 53.Meaning of other terms relating to earned income

      4. 54.Calculation of earned income - general principles

      5. 54A.Surplus earnings

      6. 55.Employed earnings

      7. 56.Employee involved in trade dispute

      8. 57.Self-employed earnings

      9. 57A.Unused losses

      10. 58.Permitted expenses

      11. 59.Flat rate deductions for mileage and use of home and adjustment for personal use of business premises

      12. 60.Notional earned income

      13. 61.Information for calculating earned income – real time information etc.

      14. Gainful self-employment

        1. 62.Minimum income floor

        2. 63.Start-up period

        3. 64.Meaning of “gainful self-employment”

    3. CHAPTER 3 UNEARNED INCOME

      1. 65.Introduction

      2. 66.What is included in unearned income?

      3. 67.Meaning of “retirement pension income”

      4. 68.Person treated as having student income

      5. 69.Calculation of student income - student loans and postgraduate ... loans

      6. 70.Calculation of student income - grants

      7. 71.Calculation of student income - amount for an assessment period

      8. General

        1. 72.Assumed yield from capital

        2. 73.Unearned income calculated monthly

        3. 74.Notional unearned income

    4. CHAPTER 4 MISCELLANEOUS

      1. 75.Compensation for personal injury

      2. 76.Special schemes for compensation etc.

      3. 77.Company analogous to a partnership or one person business

  8. PART 7 THE BENEFIT CAP

    1. 78.Introduction

    2. 79.Circumstances where the benefit cap applies

    3. 80.Manner of determining total entitlement to welfare benefits

    4. 80A.Relevant amount

    5. 81.Reduction of universal credit

    6. 82.Exceptions - earnings

    7. 83.Exceptions - entitlement or receipt of certain benefits

  9. PART 8 CLAIMANT RESPONSIBILITIES

    1. CHAPTER 1 WORK-RELATED REQUIREMENTS

      1. Introductory

        1. 84.Introduction

        2. 85.Meaning of terms relating to carers

        3. 86.Nomination of responsible carer and responsible foster parent

        4. 87.References to paid work

        5. 88.Expected hours

      2. Work-related groups

        1. 89.Claimants subject to no work-related requirements

        2. 90.Claimants subject to no work-related requirements - the earnings thresholds

        3. 91.Claimants subject to work-focused interview requirement only

        4. 91A.Claimants subject to work preparation requirement

        5. 92.Claimants subject to all work-related requirements - EEA jobseekers

      3. The work-related requirements

        1. 93.Purposes of a work-focused interview

        2. 94.Work search requirement - interviews

        3. 95.Work search requirement - all reasonable action

        4. 96.Work availability requirement - able and willing immediately to take up paid work

        5. 97.Work search requirement and work availability requirement - limitations

        6. 98.Victims of domestic violence

        7. 99.Circumstances in which requirements must not be imposed

    2. CHAPTER 2 SANCTIONS

      1. 100.Introduction

      2. Reduction periods

        1. 101.General principles for calculating reduction periods

        2. 102.Higher-level sanction

        3. 103.Medium-level sanction

        4. 104.Low-level sanction

        5. 105.Lowest-level sanction

      3. When reduction to have effect

        1. 106.Start of the reduction

        2. 107.Reduction period to continue where award terminates

        3. 108.Suspension of a reduction where fraud penalty applies

        4. 109.When a reduction is to be terminated

      4. Amount of reduction

        1. 110.Amount of reduction for each assessment period

        2. 111.Daily reduction rate

      5. Miscellaneous

        1. 112.Application of ESA or JSA sanctions to universal credit

        2. 113.Failures for which no reduction is applied

        3. 114.Sanctionable failures under section 26 - work placements

    3. CHAPTER 3 HARDSHIP

      1. 115.Introduction

      2. 116.Conditions for hardship payments

      3. 117.The period of hardship payments

      4. 118.The amount of hardship payments

      5. 119.Recoverability of hardship payments

  10. Signature

    1. SCHEDULE 1

      Meaning of payments in respect of accommodation

      1. General

        1. 1.Interpretation

      2. Rent payments

        1. 2.Rent payments

        2. 3.Payments excluded from being rent payments

        3. 3A.Specified accommodation

        4. 3B.Temporary Accommodation

      3. Owner-occupier payments

        1. 4.Owner-occupier payments

        2. 5.Meaning of “loan interest payments”

        3. 6.Meaning of “alternative finance payments”

      4. Service charge payments

        1. 7.Service charge payments

        2. 8.Additional conditions: social rented sector renters and owner-occupiers

    2. SCHEDULE 2

      Claimant treated as liable or not liable to make payments

      1. PART 1 Treated as liable to make payments

        1. 1.Certain other persons liable to make payments

        2. 2.Failure to pay by the person who is liable

        3. 3.Payments waived in return for repair work

        4. 4.Rent free periods

      2. PART 2 Treated as not liable to make payments

        1. 5.Liability to make rent and other payments to close relative

        2. 6.Liability to make rent and other payments to company

        3. 7.Liability to make rent and other payments to a trust

        4. 8.Liability to make owner-occupier and other payments to member of same household

        5. 9.Arrears of payments

        6. 10.Contrived liability

    3. SCHEDULE 3

      Claimant treated as occupying or not occupying accommodation

      1. PART 1 Treated as occupying accommodation

        1. 1.The occupation condition: the general rule

        2. 2.Croft land included in accommodation

        3. 3.Claimant living in other accommodation during essential repairs

        4. 4.Claimant housed in two dwellings by provider of social housing

        5. 5.Moving home: adaptations to new home for disabled person

        6. 6.Claimant living in other accommodation because of reasonable fear of violence

        7. 7.Moving in delayed by adaptations to accommodation to meet disablement needs

        8. 8.Moving into accommodation following stay in hospital or care home

      2. PART 2 Treated as not occupying accommodation

        1. 9.Periods of temporary absence exceeding 6 months

    4. SCHEDULE 4

      Housing costs element for renters

      1. PART 1 General

        1. 1.Introduction

        2. 2.Interpretation

        3. 3.“Relevant payments” for purposes of this Schedule

      2. PART 2 Exception to inclusion of housing costs element

        1. 4.No housing costs element for 16 or 17 year old care leavers

        2. 4A.No housing costs element for certain renters aged at least 18 but under 22

        3. 4B.Persons to whom paragraph 4A does not apply – general

        4. 4C.Persons to whom paragraph 4A does not apply – periods of work

      3. PART 3 General provisions about calculation of amount of housing costs element for renters

        1. 5.Application of Part 3

        2. Payments taken into account

          1. 6.Relevant payments to be taken into account

          2. 7.Relevant payments calculated monthly

        3. Room allocation

          1. 8.Size criteria applicable to the extended benefit unit of all renters

          2. 9.Extended benefit unit of a renter for purposes of this Schedule

          3. 10.Number of bedrooms to which a renter is entitled

          4. 11.Temporary absence of member of renter's extended benefit unit

          5. 12.Additional room

        4. Housing cost contributions

          1. 13.Housing cost contributions

          2. 14.Amount of housing cost contributions

          3. 15.Exempt renters

          4. 16.No deduction for housing cost contributions in respect of certain non-dependants

        5. Calculations involving more than one accommodation

          1. 17.Single calculation for renter treated as occupying single accommodation

          2. 18.Calculation where move to new accommodation delayed for adaptations for disabled person

          3. 19.Calculation where renter moves out because of reasonable fear of violence

      4. PART 4 Private rented sector ...

        1. 20.Application of Part 4

        2. 21.Meaning of “temporary accommodation”

        3. The calculation of the housing costs element under this Part

          1. 22.The amount of housing costs element under this Part

          2. 23.Core rent

          3. 24.Core rent for joint tenants

          4. 25.Cap rent

        4. Further provisions about size criteria for cases to which this Part applies

          1. 26.Four bedroom limit

          2. 27.Specified renters entitled to shared accommodation only

          3. 28.Meaning of “specified renters”

          4. 29.Renters excepted from shared accommodation

      5. PART 5 Social rented sector ...

        1. 30.Application of Part 5

        2. Amount taken into account as the relevant payment

          1. 31.Deduction from relevant payments of amounts relating to use of particular accommodation

          2. 32.Power to apply to rent officer if relevant payments excessive

          3. 32A.Reduction under tenant incentive scheme

        3. The calculation of the housing costs element under this Part

          1. 33.The amount of housing costs element

          2. 34.Determining the amount from which HCC deductions are to be made

          3. 35.Determining the amount from which HCC deductions are to be made: joint tenants

          4. 36.Under-occupancy deduction

    5. SCHEDULE 5

      Housing costs element for owner-occupiers

      1. PART 1 General

        1. 1.Introduction

        2. 2.Interpretation

        3. 3.“Relevant payments” for purposes of this Schedule

      2. PART 2 Exception to inclusion of housing costs element

        1. 4.No housing costs element where owner-occupier has any earned income

      3. PART 3 No housing costs element for qualifying period

        1. 5.No housing costs element under this Schedule for qualifying period

        2. 6.Application of paragraph 5: receipt of JSA and ESA

        3. 7.Application of paragraph 5: joint owner-occupiers ceasing to be a couple

      4. PART 4 Calculation of amount of housing costs element for owner-occupiers

        1. 8.Payments to be taken into account

        2. 9.The amount of housing costs element

        3. 10.Amount in respect of interest on loans

        4. 11.Amount in respect of alternative finance arrangements

        5. 12.Standard rate to be applied under paragraphs 10 and 11

        6. 13.Amount in respect of service charge payments

    6. SCHEDULE 6

      Assessment of whether a claimant has limited capability for work

      1. PART 1 Physical Disabilities

      2. PART 2 Mental, cognitive and intellectual function assessment

    7. SCHEDULE 7

      Assessment of whether a claimant has limited capability for work and work-related activity

    8. SCHEDULE 8

      Circumstances in which a claimant is to be treated as having limited capability for work

      1. Receiving certain treatments

        1. 1.The claimant is receiving— (a) regular weekly treatment by way...

      2. In hospital

        1. 2.(1) The claimant is— (a) undergoing medical or other treatment...

      3. Prevented from working by law

        1. 3.(1) The claimant— (a) is excluded or abstains from work...

      4. Risk to self or others

        1. 4.(1) The claimant is suffering from a specific illness, disease...

      5. Life threatening disease

        1. 5.The claimant is suffering from a life threatening disease in...

      6. Disabled and over the age for state pension credit

        1. 6.The claimant has reached the qualifying age for state pension...

    9. SCHEDULE 9

      Circumstances in which a claimant is to be treated as having limited capability for work and work-related activity

      1. Terminal illness

        1. 1.The claimant is terminally ill.

      2. Pregnancy

        1. 2.The claimant is a pregnant woman and there is a...

      3. Receiving treatment for cancer

        1. 3.The claimant is— (a) receiving treatment for cancer by way...

      4. Risk to self or others

        1. 4.The claimant is suffering from a specific illness, disease or...

      5. Disabled and over the age for state pension credit

        1. 5.The claimant has reached the qualifying age for state pension...

    10. SCHEDULE 10

      Capital to be disregarded

      1. Premises

        1. 1.(1) Premises occupied by a person as their home.

        2. 2.Premises occupied by a close relative of a person as...

        3. 3.Premises occupied by a person's former partner as their home...

        4. 4.(1) Premises that a person intends to occupy as their...

        5. 5.Premises that a person has ceased to occupy as their...

        6. 6.Premises that a person is taking reasonable steps to dispose...

      2. Business assets

        1. 7.Assets which are used wholly or mainly for the purposes...

        2. 8.Assets which were used wholly or mainly for a trade,...

      3. Rights in pensions schemes etc

        1. 9.The value of any policy of life insurance.

        2. 10.(1) The value of any right to receive a pension...

        3. 11.(1) The value of a funeral plan contract.

      4. Amounts earmarked for special purposes

        1. 12.An amount deposited with a housing association as a condition...

        2. 13.An amount received within the past 6 months which is...

        3. 14.An amount received under an insurance policy within the past...

        4. 15.An amount received within the past 6 months that is...

      5. Other payments

        1. 16.A payment made within the past 12 months under Part...

        2. 17.(1) A payment made within the past 12 months by...

        3. 18.(1) A payment received within the past 12 months by...

        4. 18ZA.A payment made within the past 12 months of widowed...

        5. 18A.A payment received within the past 12 months by way...

        6. 19.A payment to a person by virtue of being a...

        7. 20.(1) A payment made within the past 12 months of...

        8. 21.Any early years assistance given within the past 12 months...

        9. 22.Any funeral expense assistance given within the past 12 months...

        10. 23.Any assistance given within the past 52 weeks in accordance...

        11. 24.Any winter heating assistance given within the past 52 weeks...

    11. SCHEDULE 11

      Application of ESA or JSA sanctions to universal credit

      1. 1.Moving an ESA sanction to UC

      2. 2.Moving a JSA sanction to UC

      3. 3.Effect of ESA or JSA sanction on escalation of UC sanction

    12. SCHEDULE 12

      Availability of the child element where maximum exceeded - exceptions

      1. 1.Introduction

      2. 2.Multiple births

      3. 3.Adoptions

      4. 4.Non-parental caring arrangements

      5. 5.Non-consensual conception

      6. 6.Continuation of existing exception in a subsequent award

  12. Explanatory Note