93. The purposes of a work-focused interview are any or all of the following—
(a)assessing the claimant's prospects for remaining in or obtaining paid work;
(b)assisting or encouraging the claimant to remain in or obtain paid work;
(c)identifying activities that the claimant may undertake that will make remaining in or obtaining paid work more likely;
(d)identifying training, educational or rehabilitation opportunities for the claimant which may make it more likely that the claimant will remain in or obtain paid work or be able to do so;
(e)identifying current or future work opportunities for the claimant that are relevant to the claimant's needs and abilities;
(f)ascertaining whether a claimant is in gainful self-employment or meets the conditions in regulation 63 (start-up period).
94. A claimant is to be treated as not having complied with a work search requirement to apply for a particular vacancy for paid work where the claimant fails to participate in an interview offered to the claimant in connection with the vacancy.
95.—(1) A claimant is to be treated as not having complied with a work search requirement to take all reasonable action for the purpose of obtaining paid work in any week unless—
(a)either—
(i)the time which the claimant spends taking action for the purpose of obtaining paid work is at least the claimant's expected number of hours per week minus any relevant deductions, or
(ii)the Secretary of State is satisfied that the claimant has taken all reasonable action for the purpose of obtaining paid work despite the number of hours that the claimant spends taking such action being lower than the expected number of hours per week; and
(b)that action gives the claimant the best prospects of obtaining work.
(2) In this regulation “relevant deductions” means the total of any time agreed by the Secretary of State—
(a)for the claimant to carry out paid work, voluntary work, a work preparation requirement, or voluntary work preparation in that week; or
(b)for the claimant to deal with temporary childcare responsibilities, a domestic emergency, funeral arrangements or other temporary circumstances.
(3) For the purpose of paragraph (2)(a) the time agreed by the Secretary of State for the claimant to carry out voluntary work must not exceed 50% of the claimant's expected number of hours per week.
(4) “Voluntary work preparation” means particular action taken by a claimant and agreed by the Secretary of State for the purpose of making it more likely that the claimant will obtain paid work, but which is not specified by the Secretary of State as a work preparation requirement under section 16 of the Act.
96.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2) a claimant is to be treated as not having complied with a work availability requirement if the claimant is not able and willing immediately to attend an interview offered to the claimant in connection with obtaining paid work.
(2) But a claimant is to be treated as having complied with a work availability requirement despite not being able immediately to take up paid work, if paragraph (3), (4) or (5) applies.
(3) This paragraph applies where—
(a)a claimant is a responsible carer or a relevant carer;
(b)the Secretary of State is satisfied that, as a consequence the claimant needs a longer period of up to 1 month to take up paid work, or up to 48 hours to attend an interview in connection with obtaining work, taking into account alternative care arrangements; and
(c)the claimant is able and willing to take up paid work, or attend an interview, on being given notice for that period.
(4) This paragraph applies where—
(a)a claimant is carrying out voluntary work;
(b)the Secretary of State is satisfied that, as a consequence, the claimant needs a longer period of up to 1 week to take up paid work, or up to 48 hours to attend an interview in connection with obtaining work; and
(c)the claimant is able and willing to take up paid work, or attend an interview, on being given notice for that period.
(5) This paragraph applies where a claimant—
(a)is employed under a contract of service;
(b)is required by section 86 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 M1, or by the contract of service, to give notice to terminate the contract;
(c)is able and willing to take up paid work once the notice period has expired; and
(d)is able and willing to attend an interview on being given 48 hours notice.
97.—(1) Paragraphs (2) to (5) set out the limitations on a work search requirement and a work availability requirement.
(2) In the case of a claimant who is a relevant carer or a responsible carer or who has a physical or mental impairment, a work search and work availability requirement must be limited to the number of hours that is determined to be the claimant's expected number of hours per week in accordance with regulation 88.
(3) A work search and work availability requirement must be limited to work that is in a location which would normally take the claimant—
(a)a maximum of 90 minutes to travel from home to the location; and
(b)a maximum of 90 minutes to travel from the location to home.
(4) Where a claimant has previously carried out work of a particular nature, or at a particular level of remuneration, a work search requirement and a work availability requirement must be limited to work of a similar nature, or level of remuneration, for such period as the Secretary of State considers appropriate, but only if the Secretary of State is satisfied that the claimant will have reasonable prospects of obtaining paid work in spite of such limitation.
(5) The limitation in paragraph (4) is to apply for no more than [F14 weeks] beginning with—
(a)the date of claim; or
(b)if later, the date on which the claimant ceases paid work after falling within section 19 of the Act by virtue of regulation 90 (claimants subject to no work-related requirements - the earnings thresholds).
(6) Where a claimant has a physical or mental impairment that has a substantial adverse effect on the claimant's ability to carry out work of a particular nature, or in particular locations, a work search or work availability requirement must not relate to work of such a nature or in such locations.
Textual Amendments
F1Words in reg. 97(5) substituted (8.2.2022) by The Universal Credit and Jobseeker’s Allowance (Work Search and Work Availability Requirements - limitations) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/108), regs. 1(1), 2 (with reg. 4)
98.—(1) Where a claimant has recently been a victim of domestic violence, and the circumstances set out in paragraph (3) apply—
(a)a work-related requirement imposed on that claimant ceases to have effect for a period of 13 consecutive weeks starting on the date of the notification referred to in paragraph (3)(a); and
(b)the Secretary of State must not impose any other work-related requirement on that claimant during that period.
[F2(1A) Where a claimant referred to in paragraph (1) is a person who falls within section 22 of the Act (claimants subject to all work-related requirements) and is the responsible carer of a child, the Secretary of State must not impose a work search requirement or a work availability requirement on that claimant for a further period of 13 consecutive weeks beginning on the day after the period in paragraph (1)(a) expires.]
(2) A person has recently been a victim of domestic violence if a period of 6 months has not expired since the violence was inflicted or threatened.
(3) The circumstances are that—
(a)the claimant notifies the Secretary of State, in such manner as the Secretary of State specifies, that domestic violence has been inflicted on or threatened against the claimant by the claimant's partner or former partner or by a family member during the period of 6 months ending on the date of the notification;
(b)this regulation has not applied to the claimant for a period of 12 months before the date of the notification;
(c)on the date of the notification the claimant is not living at the same address as the person who inflicted or threatened the domestic violence; and
(d)as soon as possible, and no later than 1 month, after the date of the notification the claimant provides evidence from a person acting in an official capacity which demonstrates that—
(i)the claimant's circumstances are consistent with those of a person who has had domestic violence inflicted or threatened against them during the period of 6 months ending on the date of the notification, and
(ii)the claimant has made contact with the person acting in an official capacity in relation to such an incident, which occurred during that period.
(4) In this regulation—
[F3“coercive behaviour” means an act of assault, humiliation or intimidation or other abuse that is used to harm, punish or frighten the victim;
“controlling behaviour” means an act designed to make a person subordinate or dependent by isolating them from sources of support, exploiting their resources and capacities for personal gain, depriving them of the means needed for independence, resistance or escape or regulating their everyday behaviour;
“domestic violence” means any incident, or pattern of incidents, of controlling behaviour, coercive behaviour, violence or abuse, including but not limited to—
psychological abuse;
physical abuse;
sexual abuse;
emotional abuse;
financial abuse,
regardless of the gender or sexuality of the victim;.]
“family member”, in relation to a claimant, means the claimant's grandparent, grandchild, parent, step-parent, parent-in-law, son, step-son, son-in-law, daughter, step-daughter, daughter-in-law, brother, step-brother, brother-in-law, sister, step-sister, sister-in law and, if any of those persons is member of a couple, the other member of the couple;
“health care professional” means a person who is a member of a profession regulated by a body mentioned in section 25(3) of the National Health Service Reform and Health Care Professions Act 2002 M2;
“person acting in an official capacity” means a health care professional, a police officer, a registered social worker, the claimant's employer, a representative of the claimant's trade union, or any public, voluntary or charitable body which has had direct contact with the claimant in connection with domestic violence;
“registered social worker” means a person registered as a social worker in a register maintained by—
Textual Amendments
F2Reg. 98(1A) inserted (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.I.) by The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments (No.2) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/2888), regs. 1(1), 8(2)
F3Words in reg. 98(4) substituted (29.10.2013) by The Social Security (Miscellaneous Amendments) (No. 2) Regulations 2013 (S.I. 2013/1508), regs. 1(2)(b), 3(9)
F4Words in reg. 98(4) substituted (2.12.2019) by The Children and Social Work Act 2017 (Consequential Amendments) (Social Workers) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1094), reg. 1, Sch. 3 para. 30; S.I. 2019/1436, reg. 2(b)
F5Words in reg. 98(4) substituted (1.4.2017) by The Social Security (Social Care Wales) (Amendment) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/291), regs. 1, 2
Marginal Citations
99.—(1) Where paragraph (3), (4) [F6, (4A),] F7... or (6) applies—
(a)the Secretary of State must not impose a work search requirement on a claimant; and
(b)“able and willing immediately to take up work” under a work availability requirement means able and willing to take up paid work, or attend an interview, immediately once the circumstances set out in paragraph (3), (4) [F6, (4A),] F7... or (6) no longer apply.
(2) A work search requirement previously applying to the claimant ceases to have effect from the date on which the circumstances set out in paragraph (3), (4) [F8, (4A),] F9... or (6) begin to apply.
[F10(2A) Where paragraph (5) applies—
(a)the Secretary of State must not impose a work search requirement on a claimant;
and
(b)a work search requirement previously applying to the claimant ceases to have effect from the date on which the circumstances set out in paragraph (5) begin to apply.
(2B) Where paragraph (5A) applies “able and willing to take up work” under a work availability requirement means able and willing to take up paid work, or to attend an interview, immediately once the circumstances set out in paragraph (5A) no longer apply.
(2C) Where paragraph (5B) applies, “able and willing to take up work” under a work availability requirement means—
(a)able and willing to take up paid work immediately once the circumstances set out in paragraph (5B) no longer apply; and
(b)able and willing to attend an interview before those circumstances no longer apply.]
(3) This paragraph applies where—
(a)the claimant is attending a court or tribunal as a party to any proceedings or as a witness;
(b)the claimant is a prisoner;
(c)regulation 11(3) (temporary absence from Great Britain for treatment or convalescence) applies to the claimant;
(d)any of the following persons has died within the past 6 months—
(i)where the claimant was a member of a couple, the other member,
(ii)a child or qualifying young person for whom the claimant or, where the claimant is a member of a couple, the other member, was responsible, or
(iii)a child, where the claimant was the child's parent;
(e)the claimant is, and has been for no more than 6 months, receiving and participating in a structured recovery-orientated course of alcohol or drug dependency treatment;
(f)the claimant is, and has been for no more than 3 months, a person for whom arrangements have been made by a protection provider under section 82 of the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 M3; or
(g)the claimant is engaged in an activity of a kind approved by the Secretary of State as being in the nature of a public duty.
(4) [F11Subject to paragraph (4ZA), this paragraph] applies where the claimant—
(a)is unfit for work—
(i)for a period of no more than 14 consecutive days after the date that the evidence referred to in sub-paragraph (b) is provided, and
(ii)for no more than 2 such periods in any period of 12 months; and
(b)provides to the Secretary of State the following evidence—
(i)for the first 7 days when they are unfit for work, a declaration made by the claimant in such manner and form as the Secretary of State approves that the claimant is unfit for work, and
(ii)for any further days when they are unfit for work, if requested by the Secretary of State, a statement given F12... in accordance with the rules set out in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Medical Evidence Regulations which provides that the person is not fit for work.
[F13(4ZA) Where paragraph (4ZB) applies, paragraph (4) will only apply to a claimant if the Secretary of State makes a decision to carry out an assessment under regulation 41(1)(b).]
[F13(4ZB) This paragraph applies where—
(a)(i)it has previously been determined on the basis of an assessment under Part 5 of these Regulations or under Part 4 or 5 of the ESA Regulations that the claimant does not have limited capability for work; or
(ii)the claimant has previously been treated as not having limited capability for work or, as the case may be, for work and work-related activity under regulation 43(3) or 44(2); and
(b)the condition specified in the evidence provided by the claimant in accordance with paragraph (4)(b) is in the opinion of the Secretary of State the same, or substantially the same, as the condition specified in the evidence provided by the claimant before the date—
(i)of the determination that the claimant does not have limited capability for work; or
(ii)that the claimant was treated as not having limited capability for work or, as the case may be, for work and work-related activity.]
[F14(4A) This paragraph applies for one or more periods of one month, as provided for in paragraphs (4B) and (4C), where the claimant is the responsible carer of a child and an event referred to in sub-paragraph (a) or (b) has taken place in the last 24 months and has resulted in significant disruption to the claimant’s normal childcare responsibilities—
(a)any of the following persons has died—
(i)a person who was previously the responsible carer of that child;
(ii)a parent of that child;
(iii)a brother or sister of that child; or
(iv)any other person who, at the time of their death, normally lived in the same accommodation as that child and was not a person who was liable to make payments on a commercial basis in respect that accommodation; or
(b)the child has been the victim of, or witness to, an incident of violence or abuse and the claimant is not the perpetrator of that violence or abuse.
(4B) Paragraph (4A) is not to apply for more than one period of one month in each of the 4 consecutive periods of 6 months following the event (and, if regulation 98 or paragraph (3)(d) of this regulation applies in respect of the same event, that month is to run concurrently with any period for which that regulation or paragraph applies).
(4C) Each period of one month begins on the date specified by the Secretary of State after the claimant has notified the Secretary of State of the circumstances in paragraph (4A) provided that the Secretary of State is satisfied that the circumstances apply.]
(5) This paragraph applies where the Secretary of State is satisfied that it would be unreasonable to require the claimant to comply with a work search requirement F15..., including if such a requirement were limited in accordance with section 17(4) F15... of the Act, because F16...—
(a)[F17the claimant] is carrying out a work preparation requirement or voluntary work preparation (as defined in regulation 95(4));
(b)[F18the claimant] has temporary child care responsibilities or is dealing with a domestic emergency, funeral arrangements or other temporary circumstances; F19...
(c)[F20the claimant] is unfit for work for longer than the period of 14 days specified in paragraph (4)(a) or for more than 2 such periods in any period of 12 months and, where requested by the Secretary of State, provides the evidence mentioned in paragraph (4)(b)(ii) [F21; or
(d)paragraph (4) would apply to the claimant but for paragraph (4ZA).]
[F22(5A) This paragraph applies where the Secretary of State is satisfied that it would be unreasonable to require the claimant to comply with a work availability requirement to be able and willing to—
(a)take up paid work; and
(b)attend an interview,
(including if such a requirement were limited in accordance with section 18(3) of the Act) because the claimant falls within [F23sub-paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d)] of paragraph (5).
(5B) This paragraph applies where the Secretary of State is satisfied that it would be—
(a)unreasonable to require the claimant to comply with a work availability requirement to be able and willing to take up paid work because the claimant falls within [F24sub-paragraph (a), (b), (c) or (d)] of paragraph (5); and
(b)reasonable to require the claimant to comply with a work availability requirement to be able and willing to attend an interview;
including if such requirement were limited in accordance with section 18(3) of the Act.]
[F25(6) This paragraph applies where—
(a)the claimant has monthly earnings (excluding any that are not employed earnings) that are equal to, or more than, the amount that a person would be paid at the hourly rate set out in regulation 4 of the National Minimum Wage Regulations for [F2618 hours] per week, converted to a monthly amount by multiplying by 52 and dividing by 12; or
(b)the claimant is a member of a couple whose combined monthly earnings (excluding any that are not employed earnings) are equal to, or more than, the amount that a person would be paid at the hourly rate set out in regulation 4 of the National Minimum Wage Regulations for [F2729 hours] per week, converted to a monthly amount by multiplying by 52 and dividing by 12.]
[F28(6A) In paragraph (6) “employed earnings” has the meaning in regulation 55.]
(7) In this regulation “tribunal” means any tribunal listed in Schedule 1 to the Tribunals and Inquiries Act 1992 M4.
Textual Amendments
F6Words in reg. 99(1) inserted (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.I.) by The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments (No.2) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/2888), regs. 1(1), 8(3)(a)
F7Words in reg. 99(1) omitted (28.4.2014) by virtue of The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/597), regs. 1, 2(7)(a)
F8Words in reg. 99(2) inserted (with effect in accordance with of the amending S.I.) by The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments (No.2) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/2888), regs. 1(1), 8(3)(a)
F9Word in reg. 99(2) omitted (28.4.2014) by virtue of The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/597), regs. 1, 2(7)(a)
F10Reg. 99(2A)-(2C) inserted (28.4.2014) by The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/597), regs. 1, 2(7)(b)
F11Words in reg. 99(4) substituted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(a)
F12Words in reg. 99(4)(b)(ii) omitted (1.7.2022) by virtue of The Social Security (Medical Evidence) and Statutory Sick Pay (Medical Evidence) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/630), regs. 1(2), 4(3)(b)
F13Reg. 99(4ZA)(4ZB) inserted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(b)
F14Reg. 99(4A)-(4C) inserted (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.I.) by The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments (No.2) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/2888), regs. 1(1), 8(3)(b)
F15Words in reg. 99(5) omitted (28.4.2014) by virtue of The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/597), regs. 1, 2(7)(c)
F16Words in reg. 99(5) omitted (11.4.2018) by virtue of The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(c)(i)
F17Words in reg. 99(5)(a) inserted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(c)(ii)
F18Words in reg. 99(5)(b) inserted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(c)(iii)(aa)
F19Word in reg. 99(5)(b) omitted (11.4.2018) by virtue of The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(c)(iii)(bb)
F20Words in reg. 99(5)(c) inserted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(c)(iv)
F21Reg. 99(5)(d) and word inserted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(c)(v)
F22Reg. 99(5A)(5B) inserted (28.4.2014) by The Universal Credit and Miscellaneous Amendments Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/597), regs. 1, 2(7)(d)
F23Words in reg. 99(5A) substituted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(d)
F24Words in reg. 99(5B)(a) substituted (11.4.2018) by The Universal Credit (Miscellaneous Amendments, Saving and Transitional Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/65), regs. 1(4), 3(11)(d)
F25Reg. 99(6) substituted (26.9.2022) by The Universal Credit (Administrative Earnings Threshold) (Amendment) Regulations 2022 (S.I. 2022/886), regs. 1(1), 2
F26Words in reg. 99(6)(a) substituted (13.5.2024) by The Universal Credit (Administrative Earnings Threshold) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2024 (S.I. 2024/536), regs. 1(1), 2(a)
F27Words in reg. 99(6)(b) substituted (13.5.2024) by The Universal Credit (Administrative Earnings Threshold) (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2024 (S.I. 2024/536), regs. 1(1), 2(b)
F28Reg. 99(6)-(6A) substituted for reg. 99(6) (19.2.2015) by The Universal Credit (Work-Related Requirements) In Work Pilot Scheme and Amendment Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/89), regs. 1, 3
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Reg. 99 applied (with modifications) (temp.) (19.2.2015) by The Universal Credit (Work-Related Requirements) In Work Pilot Scheme and Amendment Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/89), regs. 1, 4, 8
Marginal Citations