2016 No. 1219
The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016
Made
Laid before Parliament
Coming into force
At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 14th day of December 2016
Present,
The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Council
Her Majesty is satisfied, to the extent that this Order relates to a country that—
- a
is not an EEA state, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Gibraltar, and
- b
is not—
- i
in relation to copyright, a country party to the Berne Convention M1 or to the World Intellectual Property Organisation Performances and Phonograms Treaty M2 or a member of the World Trade Organisation, or
- ii
in relation to copyright and performances, a country party to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations M3 or otherwise a Convention country M4,
- i
that provision has been or will be made under the law of that country giving adequate protection to the owners of copyright under Part 1 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 M5 and to the owners of rights in respect of British performances M6.
Accordingly, Her Majesty, by and with the advice of Her Privy Council, in exercise of the powers conferred upon Her by sections 159, 206(4) and 208 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 M7 and, in relation to article 1(3), by section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972 M8, makes the following Order:
Cm.3728.
Cm.2425.
“Convention country” is defined in section 208(2) of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
“British performance” is defined in section 208(3) of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
Section 159 was substituted, section 206(4) was inserted and section 208 was amended by section 22 of the Intellectual Property Act 2014 (c.18).
1972 c.68; section 2(2) was amended by section 27(1)(a) of the Legislative and Regulatory Reform Act 2006 (c.51) and section 3(3) of, and Part 1 of the Schedule to, the European Union (Amendment) Act 2008 (c.7).
PART 1INTRODUCTORY
Citation, commencement, interpretation and revocation1
1
This Order may be cited as the Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 and comes into force on 6th April 2017.
2
In this Order—
“the Act” means the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 and references to a numbered section are references to the section bearing that number in that Act;
“relevant country” means a country other than the United Kingdom, F1an EEA state, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Gibraltar;
“WPPT” means the World Intellectual Property Organisation Performances and Phonograms Treaty adopted in Geneva on 20th December 1996 M9; and
“WTO” means the World Trade Organisation.
PART 2LITERARY, DRAMATIC, MUSICAL AND ARTISTIC WORKS, FILMS AND TYPOGRAPHICAL ARRANGEMENTS OF PUBLISHED EDITIONS
Restrictions on the application of Part 1 of the Act by virtue of section 159(1) to certain works first published before 1st June 19572
1
The application of Part 1 of the Act by virtue of section 159(1) (countries that are parties to the Berne Convention or WTO members) is subject to the restriction specified in paragraph (2).
2
A literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work first published before 1st June 1957 does not qualify for copyright protection under section 154 (qualification by reference to author) M12.
PART 3SOUND RECORDINGS
Restricted application of section 159(3) in relation to certain sound recordings3
1
The application of Part 1 of the Act by virtue of section 159(3) (countries that are parties to the WPPT) is subject to the restrictions set out in paragraph (2).
2
Where a country is a party to the WPPT but not the Rome Convention M13, Part 1 of the Act applies except that—
a
section 18A (infringement by rental or lending of work to the public) M14 does not apply in so far as it relates to lending;
b
section 20 (infringement by communication to the public) M15 does not apply to the broadcasting of a sound recording; and
c
section 107(2A) (criminal liability for communicating to the public) M16 does not apply in relation to the broadcasting of a sound recording.
Sound recordings – application of Part 1 of the Act – parties to the Berne Convention and WTO Members4
1
This article applies to a relevant country that—
a
is not a party to the Rome Convention or the WPPT; and
b
satisfies either or both of the following criteria—
i
the country is a party to the Berne Convention M17; and
ii
the country is a member of the WTO.
2
Where this article applies to a country, Part 1 of the Act so far as it relates to sound recordings—
a
applies in relation to a person who is a citizen or subject of that country or a person domiciled or resident there as it applies in relation to a person who is a British citizen or is domiciled or resident in the United Kingdom,
b
applies in relation to a body incorporated under the law of that country as it applies in relation to a body incorporated under the law of a part of the United Kingdom, and
c
applies in relation to a sound recording first published in that country as it applies in relation to a sound recording first published the United Kingdom,
(but see paragraph (3)).
3
The application of Part 1 of the Act by virtue of paragraph (2) is subject to the following modifications—
a
section 18A (infringement by rental or lending of work to the public) does not apply in so far as it relates to lending;
b
the following provisions do not apply—
i
section 19 (infringement by showing or playing of work in public) M18;
ii
section 20 (infringement by communication to the public);
iii
section 26 (secondary infringement: provision of apparatus for infringing performance, &c); and
iv
section 107(2A) and (3) (criminal liability for communicating to the public or playing sound recording) M19.
Sound recordings – application of Part 1 of the Act – miscellaneous countries5
1
This article applies to the countries listed in Part 1 of the Schedule to this Order.
2
Where this article applies to a country, Part 1 of the Act so far as it relates to sound recordings—
a
applies in relation to a person who is a citizen or subject of that country or a person domiciled or resident there as it applies in relation to a person who is a British citizen or is domiciled or resident in the United Kingdom;
b
applies in relation to a body incorporated under the law of that country as it applies in relation to a body incorporated under the law of a part of the United Kingdom; and
c
applies in relation to a sound recording first published in that country as it applies in relation to a sound recording first published in the United Kingdom.
PART 4BROADCASTS
Restrictions on the application of Part 1 of the Act to broadcasts6
1
The application of Part 1 of the Act to broadcasts by virtue of section 159(2) is subject to the restrictions specified in paragraphs (2) and (3).
2
Part 1 of the Act only applies by virtue of section 159(2) to a wireless broadcast made from a country on or after the date that country became a party to the Rome Convention.
3
Part 1 of the Act only applies by virtue of section 159(2) to a broadcast, which is not a wireless broadcast, where that broadcast is made from Switzerland.
Application of Part 1 of the Act under section 159(4) – WTO members7
1
This article applies to a relevant country that is a member of the WTO but not a party to the Rome Convention.
2
Where this article applies to a relevant country, Part 1 of the Act applies to a wireless broadcast in relation to that country in the manner set out in paragraph (4) subject to paragraph (3).
3
The application of Part 1 of the Act by virtue of paragraph (2) is subject to the following modifications—
a
section 18A (infringement by rental of work to the public) does not apply;
b
section 19 (infringement by showing or playing the work in public) only applies in relation to television broadcasts;
c
section 20 (infringement by communication to the public) only applies in relation to broadcasting by wireless telegraphy;
d
section 26 (secondary infringement: provision of apparatus for infringing performance, &c) does not apply in so far as it relates to television broadcasts;
e
section 107(2A) (criminal liability for communicating to the public) only applies in relation to broadcasting by wireless telegraphy; and
f
Part 1 of the Act only applies to a broadcast made on or after 1st January 1996 or, if later, the date on which the relevant country became a member of the WTO.
4
Part 1 of the Act applies in relation to—
a
a person who is a citizen or subject of a relevant country or a person domiciled or resident there as it applies in relation to a person who is a British citizen or is domiciled or resident in the United Kingdom;
b
a body incorporated under the law of a relevant country as it applies in relation to a body incorporated under the law of a part of the United Kingdom; and
c
a wireless broadcast made from that country as it applies in relation to a wireless broadcast made from the United Kingdom.
Application of Part 1 of the Act under section 159(4) – miscellaneous countries8
1
This paragraph applies to the following countries—
a
Indonesia; and
b
Singapore.
2
This paragraph applies to the following countries—
a
Hong Kong;
b
Indonesia;
c
Malawi;
d
Malaysia; and
e
Singapore.
3
Where paragraph (1) applies to a country, Part 1 of the Act applies to a broadcast which is not a wireless broadcast in relation to that country in the manner set out in paragraph (5)(a), (b) and (d).
4
Where paragraph (2) applies to a country, Part 1 of the Act applies to a wireless broadcast in relation to that country in the manner set out in paragraph (5)(a), (b) and (c) subject to paragraph (6).
5
Part 1 of the Act applies in relation to—
a
a person who is a citizen or subject of that country or a person domiciled or resident there as it applies in relation to a person who is a British citizen or is domiciled or resident in the United Kingdom;
b
a body incorporated under the law of that country as it applies in relation to a body incorporated under the law of a part of the United Kingdom;
c
a wireless broadcast made from that country as it applies in relation to a wireless broadcast made from the United Kingdom; and
d
a broadcast which is not a wireless broadcast made from that country as it applies in relation to a broadcast which is not a wireless broadcast made from the United Kingdom.
6
Part 1 of the Act only applies to a wireless broadcast made on or after 1st June 1957 or, in the case of Malawi, on or after 22nd June 1989.
PART 5PERFORMANCES
Restrictions on the application of Part 2 of the Act in respect of countries that have made declarations under Article 16(1)(a)(i) of the Rome Convention9
1
This article applies to a country which is a party to the Rome Convention M20 and has made a declaration under Article 16(1)(a) of the Rome Convention that it will not apply the provisions of Article 12 (which provides for the payment of a single equitable remuneration).
2
Where this article applies, to the extent that the declaration referred to in paragraph (1) is in force in the law of the country in relation to British performances M21, the provisions of Part 2 of the Act shall not apply to grant the protection provided for under Article 12 of the Rome Convention unless the recording has been first published in a country which—
a
is a party to the Rome Convention; and
b
has not made a declaration of the kind referred to in paragraph (1).
Application of Part 2 of the Act to WPPT countries which have made a declaration under Article 15(3) of the WPPT and which are party to the Rome Convention10
1
This article applies to—
a
Australia (including Norfolk Island);
b
Chile;
c
Costa Rica;
d
Korea, Republic of; and
e
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of.
2
This article does not affect the application of Part 2 of the Act to a country to which this article applies by virtue of paragraph (bb) (countries party to the Rome Convention) of the definition of “qualifying country” in subsection (1) of section 206 (qualifying countries).
3
A country to which this article applies is, subject to paragraph (4), designated as enjoying reciprocal protection under Part 2 of the Act.
4
Part 2 of the Act applies subject to the following modifications—
a
the definition of recording in section 180(2) (rights conferred on performers and persons having recording rights), shall be construed as applying only to sound recordings (and not to films);
b
the following provisions do not apply—
i
section 182C (consent required for rental or lending of copies to the public) M22, in so far as it relates to lending;
ii
section 183 (infringement of performer's rights by use of recording made without consent) M23;
iii
sections 185 to 188 (rights of persons having recording rights) M24; and
iv
section 198(2) (criminal liability for making available to the public) M25;
and
c
the provisions of Part 2 of the Act shall not apply to protect the right provided for in Article 15(1) of the WPPT to the extent that a declaration is in force in the law of a country to which this article applies in relation to British performances.
5
In paragraph (4)(c) “declaration” means a declaration made under Article 15(3) of the WPPT by a country to which this article applies that—
a
it will apply the provisions of Article 15(1) of the WPPT (which confers on performers and producers of phonograms a right to remuneration for broadcasting and communication to the public) only in respect of certain uses;
b
it will limit the application of the provisions of Article 15(1) of the WPPT in some other way; or
c
it will not apply the provisions of Article 15(1) of the WPPT at all.
Application of Part 2 of the Act to WPPT countries not party to the Rome Convention11
1
This article applies to the countries listed in Part 2 of the Schedule where this article is specified in the entry relating to that country (countries party to the WPPT but not the Rome Convention).
2
A country to which this article applies is, subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), designated as enjoying reciprocal protection under Part 2 of the Act.
3
Part 2 of the Act applies subject to the following modifications—
a
the definition of recording in section 180(2) (rights conferred on performers and persons having recording rights), shall be construed as applying only to sound recordings (and not to films);
b
the following provisions do not apply—
i
section 182C (consent required for rental or lending of copies to public), in so far as it relates to lending;
ii
section 183 (infringement of performer's rights by use of recording made without consent);
iii
sections 185 to 188 (rights of persons having recording rights); and
iv
section 198(2) (criminal liability for making available to the public).
4
Where a country to which this article applies has made a declaration under Article 15(3) of the WPPT that—
a
it will apply the provisions of Article 15(1) of the WPPT (which confers on performers and producers of phonograms a right to remuneration for broadcasting and communication to the public) only in respect of certain uses,
b
it will limit the application of the provisions of Article 15(1) of the WPPT in some other way, or
c
it will not apply the provisions of Article 15(1) of the WPPT at all,
the provisions of Part 2 of the Act shall not apply to protect the right provided for in Article 15(1) of the WPPT to the extent that the declaration is in force in the law of that country in relation to British performances.
Application of Part 2 of the Act to WTO countries12
1
This article applies to a country listed in Part 2 of the Schedule to this Order where this article is specified in the entry relating to that country (WTO members not party to the Rome Convention or the WPPT).
2
A country to which this article applies is, subject to paragraph (3), designated as enjoying reciprocal protection under Part 2 of the Act.
3
Part 2 of the Act applies subject to the following modifications—
a
the definition of recording in section 180(2) (rights conferred on performers and persons having recording rights), shall be construed as applying only to sound recordings (and not to films); and
b
the following provisions do not apply—
i
section 182C (consent required for rental or lending of copies to public), in so far as it relates to lending;
ii
section 182CA (consent required for making available to the public) M26;
iii
section 182D (right to equitable remuneration for exploitation of sound recording) M27;
iv
section 183 (infringement of performer's rights by use of recording made without consent);
v
sections 185 to 188 (rights of persons having recording rights); and
vi
section 198(1A) and (2) (criminal liability for making available to the public) M28.
Saving13
1
For the purposes of this article an act is an “excluded act” where—
a
a person (A) has incurred any expenditure or liability in connection with the act; and
b
A—
i
began in good faith to do the act, or
ii
made in good faith effective and serious preparations to do the act,
at a time when the act neither infringed nor was restricted by the relevant rights in the work or performance.
2
Where another person (B) acquires those relevant rights as a consequence of the provisions of this Order on or after its coming into force, A has the right—
a
to continue to do the excluded act, or
b
to do the excluded act,
notwithstanding that the excluded act infringes or is restricted by those relevant rights.
3
Where B or, as the case may be, B's exclusive licensee in respect of the relevant rights pays reasonable compensation to A, paragraph (2) no longer applies.
4
Where—
a
B or, as the case may be, B's exclusive licensee offers to pay compensation to A under paragraph (3), but
b
A and B or, as the case may be, B's exclusive licensee cannot agree on what compensation is reasonable,
either person may refer the matter to arbitration.
5
In this article—
a
“exclusive licensee” means a licensee under an exclusive licence (as defined in section 92(1) or 191D(1) M29); and
b
“relevant rights” means copyright, the rights conferred by Chapter 4 of Part 1 of the Act (moral rights) and the rights conferred by Part 2 of the Act.
SCHEDULE
PART 1SOUND RECORDINGS – APPLICATION OF PART 1 OF THE ACT – MISCELLANEOUS COUNTRIES
Bangladesh
Ghana
Hong Kong
India
Indonesia
Malawi
Malaysia
New Zealand
Pakistan
Taiwan
Thailand
PART 2COUNTRIES WHICH ARE NOT PARTIES TO THE ROME CONVENTION – APPLICATION OF PART 2 OF THE ACT UNDER ARTICLES 11 AND 12
Country | Applicable article |
|---|---|
Afghanistan | Article 12 |
Angola | Article 12 |
Antigua and Barbuda | Article 12 |
Bangladesh | Article 12 |
Belize | Article 12 |
Benin | Article 11 |
Botswana | Article 11 |
Brunei Darussalam | Article 12 |
Burundi | Article 12 |
Cambodia | Article 12 |
Cameroon | Article 12 |
Canada | Article 11 |
Central African Republic | Article 12 |
Chad | Article 12 |
China | Article 11 |
Côte d'Ivoire | Article 12 |
Cuba | Article 12 |
Democratic Republic of Congo | Article 12 |
Djibouti | Article 12 |
Egypt | Article 12 |
Gabon | Article 11 |
Gambia | Article 12 |
Ghana | Article 11 |
Grenada | Article 12 |
Guinea | Article 11 |
Guinea-Bissau | Article 12 |
Guyana | Article 12 |
Haiti | Article 12 |
Hong Kong | Article 11 |
India | Article 12 |
Indonesia | Article 11 |
Jordan | Article 11 |
Kenya | Article 12 |
Kuwait | Article 12 |
Lao People's Democratic Republic | Article 12 |
Macao | Article 11 |
Madagascar | Article 11 |
Malawi | Article 12 |
Malaysia | Article 11 |
Maldives | Article 12 |
Mali | Article 11 |
Mauretania | Article 12 |
Mauritius | Article 12 |
Mongolia | Article 11 |
Morocco | Article 11 |
Mozambique | Article 12 |
Myanmar | Article 12 |
Namibia | Article 12 |
Nepal | Article 12 |
Netherlands Antilles, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and Aruba | Article 11 |
New Zealand | Article 12 |
Oman | Article 11 |
Pakistan | Article 12 |
Papua New Guinea | Article 12 |
Qatar | Article 11 |
Rwanda | Article 12 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | Article 12 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Article 11 |
Samoa | Article 12 |
Saudi Arabia | Article 12 |
Senegal | Article 11 |
Seychelles | Article 12 |
Sierra Leone | Article 12 |
Singapore | Article 11 |
Solomon Islands | Article 12 |
South Africa | Article 12 |
Sri Lanka | Article 12 |
Suriname | Article 12 |
Swaziland | Article 12 |
Taiwan | Article 12 |
Tanzania, United Republic of | Article 12 |
Thailand | Article 12 |
Tonga | Article 12 |
Trinidad and Tobago | Article 11 |
Tunisia | Article 12 |
Uganda | Article 12 |
United States of America (including Puerto Rico and all territories and possessions) | Article 11 |
Vanuatu | Article 12 |
Yemen | Article 12 |
Zambia | Article 12 |
Zimbabwe | Article 12 |
Cm.1212; “Berne Convention” is defined in section 159(9) of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 c.48; section 159 of that Act was substituted by section 22(4) of the Intellectual Property Act 2014 (c.18).