The Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024

PART 3 ACQUISITION AND POSSESSION OF LAND

Powers of Acquisition

Power to acquire land

18.—(1) Network Rail may acquire compulsorily—

(a) so much of the land shown on the deposited plan as lying within the limits of deviation and described in the book of reference as may be required for the purposes of the authorised works; and

(b) so much of the land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Part 1 (ancillary works) of Schedule 2 (acquisition of land for ancillary and associated works) (being land shown on the deposited plan and described in the book of reference) as may be required for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule,

and may use any land so acquired for those purposes, or for any other purposes that are ancillary to its railway undertaking.

(2) This article is subject to article 21 (power to acquire new rights) and article 23 (temporary use of land for construction of works).

Application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act

19.—(1) Part 1 (compulsory purchase under Acquisition of Land Act 1946) of the 1965 Act, in so far as not modified by or inconsistent with the provisions of this Order, applies to the acquisition of land under this Order—

(a) as it applies to a compulsory purchase to which the Acquisition of Land Act 1981(1) applies; and

(b) as if this Order were a compulsory purchase order under that Act.

(2) Part 1 of the 1965 Act, as applied by paragraph (1) has effect subject to the following modifications.

(3) Omit section 4 (which provides a time limit for compulsory purchase of land).

(4) In section 4A(1)(2) (extension of time limit during challenge), for “section 23 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (application to the High Court in respect of compulsory purchase order), the three year period mentioned in section 4”, substitute “section 22 of the Transport and Works Act 1992 (validity of orders under section 1 or 3), the five year period mentioned in article 27 (time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024.

(5) In section 11(1B)(3) (powers of entry), in a case where the notice to treat relates only to the acquisition of an easement or other right over land, for “3 months” substitute “1 month”.

(6) In section 11A(4) (powers of entry: further notices of entry)—

(a) in subsection (1)(a), after “land” insert “under that provision”;

(b) in subsection (2), after “land” insert “under that provision”.

(7) In section 22(2) (expiry of time limit for exercise of compulsory purchase power not to affect acquisition of interests omitted from purchase), for “section 4 of this Act” substitute “article 27 (time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024”.

(8) In Schedule 2A(5) (counter-notice requiring purchase of land), after paragraph 29 insert—

“PART 4 INTERPRETATION

30.   In this Schedule, references to entering on and taking possession of land do not include doing so under articles 23 (temporary use of land for construction of works) and 24 (temporary use of land for maintenance of works) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024.”.

Application of the 1981 Act

20.—(1) The 1981 Act applies as if this Order were a compulsory purchase order.

(2) The 1981 Act, as applied by paragraph (1), has effect with the following modifications.

(3) In section 5(2) (earliest date for execution of declaration), omit the words from “, and this subsection” to the end.

(4) Omit section 5A(6) (time limit for general vesting declaration).

(5) In section 5B(7) (extension of time limit during challenge), for “section 23 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (application to High Court in respect of compulsory purchase order), the three year period mentioned in section 5A” substitute “section 22 of the Transport and Works Act 1992 (validity of orders under section 1 or 3), the five year period mentioned in article 27 (time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition) of the Network Rail (Church Fenton Level Crossing Reduction) Order 2024”.

(6) In section 6(8) (notices after execution of declaration), in subsection (1)(b), for “section 15 of, or paragraph 6 of Schedule 1 to the Acquisition of Land Act 1981” substitute “section 14A of the Transport and Works Act 1992”.

(7) In section 7(1)(a)(9) (constructive notice to treat), omit the words “(as modified by section 4 of the Acquisition of Land Act 1981)”.

(8) References to the 1965 Act are construed as references to that Act as applied to the acquisition of land under article 18 (power to acquire land) by article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act).

Power to acquire new rights

21.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), Network Rail may acquire compulsorily such easements or other rights over any land which it is authorised to acquire under article 18 (power to acquire land) as may be required for any purpose for which that land may be acquired under that provision, by creating them as well as by acquiring easements or other rights already in existence.

(2) In the case of the Order land specified in column (2) of Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only) Network Rail may compulsorily acquire such new rights as may be required for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule.

(3) Subject to Schedule 2A (counter-notice requiring purchase of land not in notice to treat) to the 1965 Act (as substituted by paragraph 5(8) of Schedule 10 (modification of compensation and compulsory purchase enactments for creation of new rights), where Network Rail acquires a right over land under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) Network Rail is not required to acquire a greater interest in that land.

(4) Schedule 10 has effect for the purpose of modifying the enactments relating to compensation and the provisions of the 1965 Act in their application in relation to the compulsory acquisition under this article of a right over land by the creation of a new right under this article.

(5) In any case where the acquisition of new rights under paragraphs (1) or (2) is required for the purpose of diverting, replacing or protecting apparatus of a statutory undertaker Network Rail may, with the consent of the Secretary of State, transfer the power to acquire such rights to the statutory undertaker in question.

(6) The exercise by a statutory undertaker of any power in accordance with a transfer under paragraph (5) is subject to the same restrictions, liabilities and obligations as would apply under this Order if that power were exercised by Network Rail.

Rights under or over streets

22.—(1) Network Rail may enter upon and appropriate so much of the subsoil of, or airspace over, any street within the Order limits as may be required for the purposes of the authorised works and may use the subsoil or air-space for those purposes or any other purpose ancillary to its railway undertaking.

(2) Subject to paragraph (3), Network Rail may exercise any power conferred by paragraph (1) in relation to a street without Network Rail being required to acquire any part of the street or any easement or right in the street.

(3) Paragraph (2) does not apply in relation to—

(a) any subway or underground building; or

(b) any cellar, vault, arch or other construction in, on or under a street which forms part of a building fronting onto the street.

(4) Subject to paragraph (5), any person who is an owner or occupier of land in respect of which the power of appropriation conferred by paragraph (1) is exercised without Network Rail acquiring any part of that person’s interest in the land, and who suffers loss by the exercise of that power, is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(5) Compensation is not payable under paragraph (4) to any person who is an undertaker to whom section 85 (sharing of cost of necessary measures) of the 1991 Act applies in respect of measures of which the allowable costs are to be borne in accordance with that section.

Temporary possession of land

Temporary use of land for construction of works

23.—(1) Network Rail may, in connection with the carrying out of the authorised works—

(a) enter on and take temporary possession of—

(i) the land specified in columns (1) and (2) of Schedule 4 (land of which temporary possession may be taken) for the purpose specified in relation to that land in column (3) of that Schedule relating to the authorised works specified in column (4) of that Schedule; and

(ii) subject to paragraph (10), any other land within Order limits in respect of which no notice of entry has been served under section 11(10) (powers of entry) of the 1965 Act (other than in connection with the acquisition of rights only) and no declaration has been made under section 4(11) (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act;

(b) remove any buildings and vegetation from that land;

(c) construct temporary works (including the provision of means of access) and buildings on that land;

(d) temporarily occupy and use airspace for the purposes of the operation of a crane in connection with the construction of the authorised works; and

(e) construct any permanent works specified in relation to that land in column (4) of Schedule 4 or any mitigation works on that land.

(2) Not less than 14 days before entering on and taking temporary possession of land under this article Network Rail must serve notice of the intended entry on the owners and occupiers of the land.

(3) Network Rail may not, without the agreement of the owners of the land, remain in possession of any land under this article—

(a) in the case of land specified in paragraph (1)(a)(i) after the end of the period of one year beginning with the date of completion of the work specified in relation to that land in column (4) of Schedule 4; or

(b) in the case of land referred to in paragraph (1)(a)(ii), after the end of the period of one year beginning with the date of completion of the work for which temporary possession of this land was taken unless Network Rail has, before the end of that period, served a notice of entry under section 11 of the 1965 Act or made a declaration under section 4 (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act.

(4) Before giving up possession of land of which temporary possession has been taken under this article, Network Rail must remove all temporary works and restore the land to the reasonable satisfaction of the owners of the land, but Network Rail is not required to—

(a) replace a building removed under this article;

(b) restore the land on which any works have been constructed under paragraph (1)(e); or

(c) remove any ground strengthening works which have been placed in that land to facilitate construction of the authorised works.

(5) Network Rail must pay compensation to the owners and occupiers of land of which temporary possession is taken under this article for any loss or damage arising from the exercise in relation to the land of the powers conferred by this article.

(6) Any dispute as to a person’s entitlement to compensation under paragraph (5), or as to the amount of the compensation, is to be determined as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(7) Without affecting article 39 (no double recovery), nothing in this article affects any liability to pay compensation under section 10(2)(12) (further provision as to compensation for injurious affection) of the 1965 Act or under any other enactment in respect of loss or damage arising from the execution of any works, other than loss or damage for which compensation is payable under paragraph (5).

(8) Where Network Rail takes possession of land under this article, Network Rail is not required to acquire the land or any interest in it.

(9) Section 13(13) (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the temporary use of land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act).

(10) Paragraph (1)(a)(ii) does not authorise Network Rail to take temporary possession of any land which it is not authorised to acquire under article 18 (power to acquire land) or any land specified in Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only).

Temporary use of land for maintenance of works

24.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), at any time during the maintenance period relating to any of the scheduled works, Network Rail may—

(a) enter upon and take temporary possession of any land within the Order limits if such possession is reasonably required for the purpose of maintaining the work or any ancillary works connected with it; and

(b) construct such temporary works (including the provision of means of access) and buildings on the land as may be reasonably necessary for that purpose.

(2) Paragraph (1) does not authorise Network Rail to take temporary possession of—

(a) any house or garden belonging to a house;

(b) any building (other than a house) if it is for the time being occupied; or

(c) any land listed in Schedule 3 (acquisition of new rights only).

(3) Not less than 28 days before entering upon and taking temporary possession of land under this article Network Rail must serve notice of the intended entry on the owners and occupiers or the land.

(4) Network Rail may only remain in possession of land under this article for so long as may be reasonably necessary to carry out the maintenance of works for which possession of the land was taken.

(5) Before giving up possession of land of which temporary possession has been taken under this article, Network Rail must remove all temporary works and restore the land to the reasonable satisfaction of the owners of the land.

(6) Network Rail must pay compensation to the owners and occupiers of land of which temporary possession is taken under this article for any loss or damage arising from the exercise in relation to the land of the powers conferred by this article.

(7) Any dispute as to a person’s entitlement to compensation under paragraph (6), or as to the amount of the compensation, is to be determined as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(8) Without affecting article 39 (no double recovery), nothing in this article affects any liability to pay compensation under section 10(2) (further provision as to compensation for injurious affection) of the 1965 Act or under any other enactment in respect of loss or damage arising from the execution of any works, other than loss or damage for which compensation is payable under paragraph (6).

(9) Where Network Rail takes possession of land under this article, it is not required to acquire the land or any interest in it.

(10) Section 13 (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the temporary use of land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act).

(11) In this article, “the maintenance period” in relation to a scheduled work, means the period of 5 years beginning with the date on which the work is opened for use.

Compensation

Disregard of certain interests and improvements

25.—(1) In assessing the compensation payable to any person on the acquisition from that person of any land under this Order, the tribunal must not take into account—

(a) any interest in land; or

(b) any enhancement of the value of any interest in land by reason of any building erected, works executed or improvement or alteration made on relevant land,

if the tribunal is satisfied that the creation of the interest, the erection of the building, the execution of the works or the making of the improvement or alteration was not reasonably necessary and was undertaken with a view to obtaining compensation or increased compensation.

(2) In paragraph (1) “relevant land” means the land acquired from the person concerned or any other land with which that person is, or was at the time when the building was erected, the works executed or the improvement or alteration made, directly or indirectly concerned.

Supplementary

Extinction or suspension of private rights of way

26.—(1) Subject to paragraph (6), all private rights of way over land subject to compulsory acquisition under this Order are extinguished—

(a) as from the date of acquisition of the land by Network Rail, whether compulsorily or by agreement; or

(b) on the date of entry on the land by Network Rail under section 11(1)(14) (powers of entry) of the 1965 Act,

whichever is the sooner.

(2) Subject to paragraph (6), all private rights of way over land owned by Network Rail which, being within the Order limits, is required for the purposes of this Order are extinguished on the appropriation of the land for any of those purposes by Network Rail.

(3) Subject to the provisions of this article, all private rights of way over land subject to the compulsory acquisition of rights under this Order are extinguished in so far as their continuance would be inconsistent with the exercise of the right—

(a) as from the date of the acquisition of the right by Network Rail, whether compulsorily or by agreement; or

(b) on the date of entry on the land by Network Rail under section 11(1) of the 1965 Act,

whichever is the sooner.

(4) Subject to paragraph (6), all private rights of way over land of which Network Rail takes temporary possession under this Order are suspended and unenforceable for as long as Network Rail remains in lawful possession of the land.

(5) Any person who suffers loss by the extinguishment or suspension of any private right of way under this article is entitled to compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, as if it were a dispute under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(6) This article does not apply in relation to any right of way to which section 271 or 272(15) (extinguishment of rights of statutory undertakers etc.) of the 1990 Act applies.

(7) Paragraphs (1) to (4) have effect subject to—

(a) any notice given by Network Rail before—

(i) the completion of the acquisition of;

(ii) Network Rail’s appropriation of;

(iii) Network Rail’s entry onto; or

(iv) Network Rail taking temporary possession of,

the land, that any or all of those paragraphs do not apply to any right of way specified in the notice; and

(b) any agreement made (whether before or after any of the events mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) and before or after the coming into force of this Order) which makes reference to this article between Network Rail and the person in or to whom the right of way in question is vested or belongs.

(8) If any such agreement as is mentioned in paragraph (7)(b) is expressed to have effect also for the benefit of those deriving title from or under the person in or to whom the right of way in question is vested or belongs, it is effective in respect of the persons so deriving title, whether the title was derived before or after the making of the agreement.

Time limit for exercise of powers of acquisition

27.—(1) After the end of the period of 5 years beginning on the day on which this Order comes into force—

(a) no notice to treat is to be served under Part 1 (compulsory purchase under Acquisition of Land Act 1946) of the 1965 Act as applied to the acquisition of land by article 19 (application of Part 1 of the 1965 Act); and

(b) no declaration is to be executed under section 4 (execution of declaration) of the 1981 Act as applied by article 20 (application of the 1981 Act).

(2) The powers conferred by article 23 (temporary use of land for construction of works) cease at the end of the period referred to in paragraph (1), except that nothing in this paragraph prevents Network Rail remaining in possession of land after the end of that period, if the land was entered and possession was taken before the end of that period.

(1)

1981 c. 67.

(2)

Section 4A(1) was inserted by section 202(1) of the Housing and Planning Act 2016 (c. 22).

(3)

Section 11(1B) was inserted by section 186(1) and (2)(b) of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(4)

Section 11A was inserted by section 186(3) of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(5)

Schedule 2A was inserted by paragraph 3 of Schedule 3 to the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(6)

Section 5A was inserted by section 182(2) of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(7)

Section 5B was inserted by section 202(2) of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(8)

Section 6 was amended by paragraph 52(2) of Schedule 2 to the Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990 (c. 11) and paragraph 7 of Schedule 15 to the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(9)

Section 7 was amended by paragraph 3 of Schedule 18 to the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(10)

Section 11 was amended by section 34(1) of , and Schedule 4 to, the Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (c. 67), section 3 of and Part 1 of Schedule 1 to, the Housing (Consequential Provisions ) Act 1985 (c. 71), section 14 of, and paragraph 12(1) of Schedule 5 to, the Church of England (Miscellaneous Provisions) Measure 2006 (No. 1), sections 186(2), 187(2) and 188 of, and paragraph 6 of Schedule 14 and paragraph 3 of Schedule 16 to, the Housing and Planning Act 2016 (c. 22) and S.I. 2009/1307.

(11)

Section 4 was amended by sections 184 and 185 of, and paragraphs 1 and 2 of Schedule 18 to, the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

(12)

Section 10 was amended by section 4 of, and paragraph 13(2) of Schedule 2 to, the Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990 (c. 11) and S.I. 2009/1307.

(13)

Section 13 was amended by sections 62(3) and 139 of, and paragraphs 27 and 28 of Schedule 13, and Part 3 of Schedule 23 to, the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 (c. 15).

(14)

Section 11 was amended by section 34(1) of, and schedule 4 to, the Acquisition of Land act 1981 (c. 67), section 3 of, and Part 1 of Schedule 1 to, the Housing Consequential Provisions) Act 1985 (c. 71), section 14 of, and paragraph 12(1) of Schedule 5 to, the Church of England (Miscellaneous Provisions) Measure 2006 (No. 1), sections 186(2), 187(2) and 188 of, and paragraph 6 of Schedule 14 and paragraph 3 of Schedule 16 to, the Housing and Planning Act 2016 (c. 22) and S.I. 2009/1307.

(15)

Section 272 was amended by paragraphs 103(1) and (2) of Schedule 17 to the Communications Act 2003 (c. 21).