Commission Decision of 18 July 2007 establishing guidelines for the monitoring and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document number C(2007) 3416) (Text with EEA relevance) (2007/589/EC) (repealed)

ANNEX XI Activity-specific guidelines for pulp and paper producing installations as listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC

1. BOUNDARIES AND COMPLETENESS

Subject to the approval of the competent authority, if the installation exports fossil fuel-derived CO₂, for instance to an adjacent precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) installation, these exports shall not be included in the installation's emissions.

If waste gas scrubbing is carried out at the installation and the resulting emissions are not calculated as part of the installation's process emissions, they shall be calculated in accordance with Annex II.

2. DETERMINATION OF CO₂ EMISSIONS

Pulp and paper mill processes with the potential to emit CO₂ emissions include:

• power boilers, gas turbines, and other combustion devices producing steam or power for the mill,

• recovery boilers and other devices burning spent pulping liquors,

• incinerators,

• lime kilns and calciners,

• waste gas scrubbing,

• fossil fuel-fired dryers (such as infrared dryers).

Wastewater treatment and landfills, including anaerobic wastewater treatment or sludge digestion operations and landfills used to dispose of mill wastes, are not listed in Annex I to Directive 2003/87/EC. Consequently their emissions fall outside the scope of Directive 2003/87/EC.

2.1. CALCULATION OF CO₂ EMISSIONS

2.1.1. COMBUSTION EMISSIONS

Emissions from combustion processes that take place at pulp and paper installations shall be monitored in accordance with Annex II.

2.1.2. PROCESS EMISSIONS

Emissions are caused by the use of carbonates as make-up chemicals in pulp mills. Although losses of sodium and calcium from the recovery system and causticising area are usually made up using non-carbonate chemicals, small amounts of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), which do result in CO₂ emissions, are sometimes used. The carbon contained in these chemicals is usually of fossil origin, although in some cases (e.g. Na₂CO₃ purchased from soda-based semi-chem mills) it can be derived from biomass.

It is assumed that the carbon in these chemicals is emitted as CO₂ from the lime kiln or recovery furnace. These emissions are determined by assuming that all of the carbon in CaCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ used in the recovery and causticising areas is released to the atmosphere.

Calcium make-up is required because of losses from the causticising area, most of which are in the form of calcium carbonate.

CO₂ emissions shall be calculated as follows:

CO₂ emissions = Σ {(Activity data _Carbonate * Emission factor)}

With:

(a) activity data

Activity data_Carbonate are the amounts of CaCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ consumed in the process.

Tier 1

Amounts [t] of CaCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ consumed in the process as determined by the operator or his suppliers with a maximum uncertainty of less than ±2,5 %.

Tier 2

Amounts [t] of CaCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ consumed in the process as determined by the operator or his suppliers with a maximum uncertainty of less than ±1,5 %.

(b) emission factor

Tier 1

Stoichiometric ratios [t_CO2/t_CaCO3] and [t_CO2/t_Na2CO3] for non-biomass carbonates as indicated in Table 1. Biomass carbonates are weighted with an emission factor of 0 [tCO₂/t carbonate].

Table 1

Stoichiometric emission factors

Carbonate type and origin	Emission factor[tCO2/t carbonate]
Pulp mill make-up CaCO3	0,44
Pulp mill make-up Na2CO3	0,415

These values shall be adjusted according to moisture and gangue content of the applied carbonate materials.

2.2. MEASUREMENT OF CO₂ EMISSIONS

The measurement guidelines contained in Annex I shall be applied.