Council Directive of 26 June 1990 on animal health conditions governing the movement and import from third countries of equidae (90/426/EEC) (repealed)

CHAPTER 1 U.K. General provisions

Article 1 U.K.

This Directive lays down animal health conditions for the movement between Member States and import from third countries of live equidae.

Article 2 U.K.

For the purposes of this Directive:

(a)

‘holding’ means an agricultural or training establishment, a stable or, generally speaking, any premises or facilities in which equidae are habitually kept or bred, for whatever use;

(b)

‘equidae’ means wild or domesticated animals of the equine (including zebras) or asinine species or the offspring of crossings of those species;

(c)

‘registered equidae’ means any equidae registered as defined in Directive 90/427/EEC(1), identified by means of an identification document issued by the breeding authority or any other competent authority of the country where the animal originated which manages the studbook or register for that breed of animal or any international association or organization which manages horses for competition or racing;

(d)

‘equidae for slaughter’ means equidae intended to be transported either directly or after transit through a market or an approved marshalling centre to the slaughterhouse for slaughter;

(e)

‘equidae for breeding and production’ means equidae other than those mentioned in (c) and (d);

(f)

‘Member State or third country free from African horse sickness’ means any Member State or third country in which there has been no clinical, serological (in unvaccinated equidae) or epidemiological evidence of African horse sickness on the territory concerned in the previous two years and in which there have been no vaccinations against the disease during the previous 12 months;

(g)

‘compulsorily notifiable diseases’ means the diseases listed in Annex A;

(h)

‘official veterinarian’ means the veterinarian designated by the competent central authority of a Member State or of a third country;

(i)

‘temporary admission’ means the status of a registered animal originating in a third country and admitted into Community territory for a period of less than 90 days to be fixed by the Commission in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24, depending on the health situation in the country of origin.

CHAPTER II U.K. Rules for the movement of equidae

Article 3 U.K.

Member States shall authorize the movement of equidae registered in their territory or send equidae to another Member State only where they satisfy the conditions laid down in Articles 4 and 5.

However, the competent authorities in Member States of destination may grant general or limited exemption in respect of movement of equidae which:

• are being ridden or taken, for sporting or recreational purposes, along roads situated near internal borders of the Community,

• are taking part in cultural or similar events or in activities organized by authorized local bodies situated near internal borders of the Community,

• are intended solely for temporary pasturing or work near internal borders of the Community.

Member States making use of such authorization shall inform the Commission of the content of the exemptions granted.

Article 4 U.K.

1. Equidae must show no clinical sign of disease at inspection. Inspection must be carried out in the 48 hours prior to their embarkation or loading. In the case of registered equidae, however, this inspection shall, without prejudice to Article 6, be required for intra-Community trade only.

2. Without prejudice to the requirements of paragraph 5 regarding compulsorily notifiable diseases, the official veterinarian must, at the time of inspection, be satisfied that there are no grounds — in particular on the basis of declarations by the owner or breeder — for concluding that the equidae have been in contact with equidae suffering from an infectious or contagious disease during the 15 days immediately preceding inspection.

3. The equidae must not be intended for slaughter under a national programme of contagious or infectious disease eradication.

4. The equidae must be identified in the following manner:

(i)

in the case of registered horses, by means of an identification document, as provided for in Directive 90/427/EEC(2), which must certify in particular that Article 5 (5) and (6) have been complied with. The offical veterinarian will have to suspend the validity of this document for the period of the prohibitions provided for in paragraph 5 or in Article 5. The document should, following the slaughter of the registered horse, be returned to the authority which issued it. The procedure for the implementation of this point shall be adopted by the Commission in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24;

(ii)

for equidae for breeding and production, identification by a method to be established by the Commission in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24.

Until such time as this method is in use, the officially approved national identification methods shall remain applicable, provided that they are notified to the Commission and the other Member States within three months of the date on which this Directive is adopted.

5. In addition to the requirements laid down in Article 5, the equidae must not come from a holding which has been the subject of one of the following prohibition orders:

(a) if all the animals of species susceptible to the disease located on the holding have not been slaughtered, the period of prohibition concerning the holding of origin must be at least:

• (a) six months in the case of equidae suspected of having contracted dourine, beginning on the date of the last actual or possible contact with a sick animal. However, in the case of a stallion, the prohibition shall apply until the animal is castrated,

• six months in the case of glanders or equine encephalomyelitis, beginning on the day on which the equidae suffering from the disease in question are slaughtered,

• in the case of infectious anaemia, until the date on which, the infected animals having been slaughtered, the remaining animals have shown a negative reaction to two Coggins tests carried out three months apart,

• six months in the case of vesicular stomatitis,

• one month from the last recorded case, in the case of rabies,

• 15 days from the last recorded case, in the case of anthrax;

(b) if all the animals of species susceptible to the disease located on the holding have been slaughtered and the premises disinfected, the period of prohibition shall be 30 days, beginning on the day on which the animals were destroyed and the premises disinfected, except in the case of anthrax, where the period of prohibition is 15 days.

The competent authorities may derogate from these prohibition measures for hippodromes and racecourses, and shall notify the Commission of the nature of any derogations granted.

6. Where a Member State draws up or has drawn up a voluntary or compulsory control programme for a disease to which equidae are susceptible, it may present the programme to the Commission, within six months of notification of this Directive outlining in particular:

• the distribution of the disease on its territory,

• the reasons for the programme, taking into consideration the significance of the disease and its cost/benefit advantages,

• the geographical area in which the programme will be implemented,

• the status categories to be applied to establishments, the standards which must be attained for each species and the test procedures to be used,

• the programme monitoring procedures,

• the action to be taken if, for any reason, a holding loses its status,

• the measures to be taken if the results of the tests carried out in accordance with the provisions of the programme are positive,

• the non-discriminatory nature of trade in the territory of the Member State concerned with respect to intra-Community trade.

The Commission shall examine the programmes presented by the Member States. Where appropriate it shall approve them in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24. Any additional guarantees, general or specific, which may be required in intra-Community trade may be defined in accordance with the same procedure. Such guarantees must not exceed those required by the Member State in its own territory.

Programmes submitted by Member States may be amended or supplemented in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 25. Amendments or additions to programmes which have already been approved or to guarantees which have been defined in accordance with the second subparagraph may be approved under the same procedure.

[F1 Article 5 U.K.

1. A Member State which is not free of African horse sickness within the meaning of Article 2 (f) may dispatch equidae from that part of its territory which is considered to be infected within the meaning of paragraph 2 of this Article only under the conditions set out in paragraph 3 of this Article.

2. (a) A part of the territory of a Member State shall be considered to be infected with African horse sickness if:

• (a) clinical, serological (in unvaccinated animals) and/or epidemiological evidence has revealed the presence of African horse sickness in the past two years, or

• vaccination against African horse sickness has been carried out in the past 12 months.

(b) The part of the territory considered to be infected with African horse sickness must comprise as a minimum:

• (b) a protection zone with a radius of at least 100 km around any centre of infection,

• a surveillance zone at least 50 km extending beyond the protection zone, in which no vaccination has been carried out in the last 12 months.

(c) The rules controlling the combat measures relating to the territories and zones referred to in points (a) and (b) and the relevant derogations are specified in Directive 92/35/EEC (3) .

(d) All vaccinated equidae found in the protection zone must be registered and identified in accordance with Article 6 (1) of Directive 92/35/EEC.

The identification document and/or health certificate shall carry a clear reference to such vaccination.

3. A Member State may dispatch from the territory referred to in paragraph 2 (b) only equidae which meet the following requirements:

(a) they must be dispatched only during certain periods of the year, having regard to the activity of vector insects, to be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 25;

(b) they must show no clinical symptom of African horse sickness on the day of the inspection referred to in Article 4 (1);

• (c) if they have not been vaccinated against African horse sickness, they must have undergone and reacted negatively to a complement fixation test for African horse sickness as described in Annex D, on two occasions, with an interval of between 21 and 30 days between the two tests, the second of which must have been carried out during the 10 days prior to dispatch,

• if they have been vaccinated, they must not have undergone vaccination during the previous two months and must have undergone the fixation test described in Annex D at the aforementioned intervals without having recorded an increase in the antibody count. Under the procedure laid down in Article 24, the Commission may, following the opinion of the Scientific Veterinary Committee, recognize other monitoring methods;

(d) they must have been kept in a quarantine station for a minimum period of 40 days prior to dispatch;

(e) they must have been protected from vector insects during the period of quarantine and during transportation from the quarantine station to the place of dispatch.]

Textual Amendments

F1 Substituted by Council Directive 92/36/EEC of 29 April 1992 amending, with regard to African horse sickness, Directive 90/426/EEC on animal health conditions governing the movement and import from third countries of equidae.

Article 6 U.K.

Member States which implement an alternative control system providing guarantees equivalent to those laid down in Article 4 (5) as regards movements within their territory of equidae and registered equidae, in particular by means of the identification document, may grant one another derogations from the provisions of the second sentence of Article 4 (1) and the second indent of Article 8 (1) on a reciprocal basis.

They shall notify the Commission thereof.

Article 7 U.K.

[F2 1. The equidae must be transported, as soon as possible, from the holding of origin either directly or via an approved market or marshalling centre as defined as ‘ assembly centre ’ in Article 2(2)(o) of Directive 64/432/EEC to the place of destination in vehicles or containers which have been regularly cleansed and disinfected with a disinfectant at intervals to be fixed by the Member State of dispatch. The vehicles must be designed in such a way that equidae droppings, litter or fodder cannot escape from the vehicle during transportation. Transportation must be effected in such a way that the health and well-being of the equidae can be protected effectively.]

2. The Member State of destination may, on a general or restricted basis, grant a derogation from some of the requirements of Article 4 (5) for any animal bearing a special mark indicating that it is scheduled for slaughter, provided that the health certificate mentions such derogation.

In the case of granting such a derogation equidae for slaughter must be transported directly to the designated slaughterhouse and be slaughtered within five days of arrival at the slaughterhouse.

3. The official veterinarian must record the identification number or identification document number of the slaughtered animal and forward to the competent authority of the place of dispatch, at the latter's request, an attestation to the effect that the animal has been slaughtered.

Textual Amendments

F2 Substituted by Council Directive 2008/73/EC of 15 July 2008 simplifying procedures of listing and publishing information in the veterinary and zootechnical fields and amending Directives 64/432/EEC, 77/504/EEC, 88/407/EEC, 88/661/EEC, 89/361/EEC, 89/556/EEC, 90/426/EEC, 90/427/EEC, 90/428/EEC, 90/429/EEC, 90/539/EEC, 91/68/EEC, 91/496/EEC, 92/35/EEC, 92/65/EEC, 92/66/EEC, 92/119/EEC, 94/28/EC, 2000/75/EC, Decision 2000/258/EC and Directives 2001/89/EC, 2002/60/EC and 2005/94/EC (Text with EEA relevance).

Article 8 U.K.

1. Member States shall ensure that:

• registered equidae which leave their holdings are accompanied by the identification document laid down in Article 4 (4) together — if they are intended for intra-Community trade — with the attestation provided for in Annex B,

• equidae for breeding, production and slaughter are, during their transportion, accompanied by a health certificate complying with Annex C to this Directive.

The certificate, or in the case of an identification document, the form containing the health particulars, must, without prejudice to Article 6, be drawn up during the 48 hours preceding their embarkation or else no later than the last working day prior to it, in at least one of the official languages of the Member States of dispatch and destination. The duration of validity of the certificate is 10 days. The certificate must consist of a single sheet.

2. Imports of equidae other than registered equidae may be covered by a single health certificate per consignment rather than by the individual certificate referred to in the second indent of paragraph 1.

[F3 Article 9 U.K.

The rules laid down in Council Directive 90/425/EEC of 26 June 1990 concerning veterinary and zootechnical checks in intra-Community trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the completion of the internal market (4) , shall apply in particular to checks at origin, to the organization of, and follow-up to, the checks to be carried out by the Member State of destination, and to the safeguard measures to be implemented.]

Textual Amendments

F3 Substituted by Council Directive of 26 June 1990 concerning veterinary and zootechnical checks applicable in intra-Community trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the completion of the internal market (90/425/EEC).

Article 10 U.K.

Veterinary experts from the Commission may, to the extent necessary to ensure uniform application of this Directive and in cooperation with the competent national authorities, carry out on-the-spot inspections. The Commission shall inform the Member States of the outcome of such inspections.

The Member States in whose territory an inspection is carried out shall give the experts all the assistance necessary to carry out their task.

General arrangements for the application of this Article shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24.

CHAPTER III U.K. Rules for imports from third countries

Article 11 U.K.

1. Equidae imported into the Community must satisfy the conditions laid down in Articles 12 to 16.

2. Until the date of entry into force of the decisions adopted pursuant to Articles 12 to 16, the Member States shall apply to imports of equidae from third countries conditions at least equivalent to those resulting from the application of Chapter II.

[F4 [X1 Article 12 U.K.

1. The importation of equidae into the Community shall only be authorised from third countries that appear on a list or lists to be drawn up or amended in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 24(2).

Taking into account the health situation and the guarantees provided by the third country for equidae, it may be decided in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 24(2) that the authorisation provided for in the preceding subparagraph shall apply to the whole territory of the third country or to only part of its territory.

For that purpose and on the basis of the relevant international standards, account shall be taken of how the third country applies and implements those standards, in particular the principle of regionalisation, within its own territory and in relation to its sanitary requirements for importation from other third countries and from the Community.

2. when the lists provided for in paragraph 1 are drawn up or amended, particular account shall be taken of:

(a) the health status of the equidae, other domestic animals and wildlife in the third country, with particular regard to exotic animal diseases and any aspects of the general health and the environmental situation in the third country which may pose a risk to the health and environmental status of the Community;

(b) the legislation of the third country in relation to animal health and welfare;

(c) the organisation of the competent veterinary authority and its inspection services, the powers of those services, the supervision to which they are subject, and the means at their disposal, including staff and laboratory capacity, to apply national legislation effectively;

(d) the assurances which the competent veterinary authority of the third country can give regarding compliance or equivalence with the relevant animal health conditions applicable in the Community;

(e) whether the third country is a member of the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) and the regularity and rapidity of the information supplied by the third country relating to the existence of infectious or contagious diseases of equidae in its territory, in particular those diseases listed by the OIE and in Annex A to this Directive;

(f) the guarantees given by the third country to directly inform the Commission and the Member States:

(i)

within 24 hours, of the confirmation of the occurrence of infectious diseases of equidae listed in Annex A and of any change in the vaccination policy concerning such diseases;

(ii)

within an appropriate period, of any proposed changes in the national sanitary rules concerning equidae, in particular regarding the importation of equidae;

(iii)

at regular intervals, of the animal health status of its territory concerning equidae;

(g) any experience of previous imports of live equidae from the third country and the results of any import controls carried out;

(h) the results of Community inspections and/or audits carried out in the third country, in particular the results of the assessment of the competent authorities or, where the Commission so requests, the report submitted by the competent authorities on the inspections which they have carried out;

(i) the rules on the prevention and control of infectious or contagious animal diseases in force in the third country and their implementation, including rules on importation of equidae from other third countries.

3. The Commission shall arrange for up-to-date versions of all lists drawn up or amended as provided for in paragraph 1 to be made available to the public.

Those lists may be combined with other lists drawn up for animal and public health purposes and may also include models of health certificates.

4. Special import conditions for each third country or group of third countries, having regard to the animal health situation concerning equidae in the third country or countries concerned shall be established in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 24(2).

5. Detailed rules for the application of this Article and criteria for including third countries or parts of third countries in the lists provided for in paragraph 1 may be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 24(2).] ]

Editorial Information

X1 Substituted by Corrigendum to Council Directive 2004/68/EC of 26 April 2004 laying down animal health rules for the importation into and transit through the Community of certain live ungulate animals, amending Directives 90/426/EEC and 92/65/EEC and repealing Directive 72/462/EEC (Official Journal of the European Union L 139 of 30 April 2004).

Textual Amendments

F4 Substituted by Council Directive 2004/68/EC of 26 April 2004 laying down animal health rules for the importation into and transit through the Community of certain live ungulate animals, amending Directives 90/426/EEC and 92/65/EEC and repealing Directive 72/462/EEC (Text with EEA relevance).

Article 13 U.K.

1. The equidae must come from third countries:

(a) free from African horse sickness;

(b) which have been free for two years from Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE);

(c) which have been free for six months from dourine and glanders.

2. The Commission may, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24:

(a) decide that the provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to only a part of the territory of a third country.

In the event that the African horse sickness requirements apply on a regional basis, at the very least the measures laid down in Article 5 (2) and (3) must be complied with;

(b) require additional guarantees for diseases alien to the Community.

Article 14 U.K.

Before the day of loading for transportation to the Member State of destination, the equidae must have remained without interruption in the territory or part of the territory of a third country or, in the event of regionalization, in the part of the territory defined pursuant to Article 13 (2) (a) for a period to be determined in the decisions to be adopted pursuant to Article 15.

They must come from a holding placed under veterinary supervision.

Article 15 U.K.

Importation of equidae from the territory of a third country or part thereof as defined in accordance with Article 13 (2) (a) on the list drawn up in accordance with Article 12 (1) shall be authorized only if the equidae, over and above the requirements of Article 13:

(a)

comply with the animal health requirements adopted, with reference to the species in question and the categories of equidae, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24 for imports of equidae from that country.

The reference basis for fixing animal health conditions in accordance with paragraph 1 shall be the standards laid down in Articles 4 and 5; and

(b)

in the case of a third country not free of vesicular stomatitis or viral arteritis for at least six months, the equidae must meet the following requirements:

(i)

they must come from a holding which has been free of vesicular stomatitis for at least six months and they must have reacted negatively to a serological test prior to dispatch;

(ii)

in the case of viral arteritis, male equidae must — notwithstanding Article 19 (ii) — have reacted negatively to a serological test or to a virus isolation test or to any other test recognized in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24 which would guarantee freedom from the virus.

In accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24, and following the opinion of the Scientific Veterinary Committee, the Commission may define the categories of male equidae to which this requirement shall apply.

Article 16 U.K.

1. The equidae must be identified in accordance with Article 4 (4) and accompanied by a certificate drawn up by an official veterinarian of the exporting third country. This certificate must:

(a) be issued on the day of loading of the animals for dispatch to the Member State of destination or, in the case of registered horses, on the last working day before embarkation;

(b) be drawn up in at least one of the official languages of the Member States of destination and one of those of the Member State in which the import inspection is carried out;

(c) accompany the animals in the original;

(d) attest that the animals satisfy the requirements of this Directive and those laid down pursuant to this Directive with regard to importation from third countries;

(e) consist of a single sheet;

(f) be made out for a single consignee or, in the case of animals for slaughter, for a consignment, provided the animals are properly marked and identified.

Member States shall inform the Commission if they make use of this option.

2. The certificate must be drawn up on a form complying with a model established in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24.

Article 17 U.K.

Checks shall be carried out on the spot by veterinary experts of the Member States and the Commission to verify whether the provisions of this Directive, and in particular those of Article 12 (2), are being applied in practice.

Should checks carried out within the terms of this Article bring to light serious facts as against an approved holding, the Commission shall immediately inform the Member States and forthwith adopt a decision provisionally suspending the approval. The final decision shall be taken according to the procedure provided for in Article 25.

The experts from the Member States who are to be entrusted with these checks shall be appointed by the Commission, acting on a proposal from the Member States.

These checks shall be made on behalf of the Community, which shall bear the cost of any expenditure incurred in this connection.

The frequency of and the procedure for these checks shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24.

Article 18 U.K.

1. Immediately upon arrival in the Member State of destination, equidae for slaughter shall be taken to a slaughterhouse, either directly or after transition through a market or a marshalling centre, and, in accordance with animal health requirements, be slaughtered within a period of time specified in the decisions to be adopted pursuant to Article 15.

2. Without prejudice to any special conditions which may be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24, the competent authority of the Member State of destination may, on animal health grounds, designate the slaughterhouse to which such equidae must be taken.

Article 19 U.K.

The Commission, acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 24:

(i)

may decide that imports from a third country or part of a third country are to be confined to particular species or categories;

(ii)

shall, notwithstanding Article 15, establish the special conditions for the temporary entry into Community territory of registered equidae or equidae intended for special uses or their re-entry into Community territory after being temporarily exported;

(iii)

shall determine the conditions for converting temporary entry into permanent entry[F4 [X1 ;] ]

(iv)

[F5 [X1 may designate a Community reference laboratory for one or more of the diseases of equidae listed in Annex A and shall stipulate the functions, tasks and procedures regarding collaboration with laboratories responsible for diagnosing infectious diseases of equidae in the Member States.] ]

Editorial Information

X1 Substituted by Corrigendum to Council Directive 2004/68/EC of 26 April 2004 laying down animal health rules for the importation into and transit through the Community of certain live ungulate animals, amending Directives 90/426/EEC and 92/65/EEC and repealing Directive 72/462/EEC (Official Journal of the European Union L 139 of 30 April 2004).

Textual Amendments

F4 Substituted by Council Directive 2004/68/EC of 26 April 2004 laying down animal health rules for the importation into and transit through the Community of certain live ungulate animals, amending Directives 90/426/EEC and 92/65/EEC and repealing Directive 72/462/EEC (Text with EEA relevance).

F5 Inserted by Council Directive 2004/68/EC of 26 April 2004 laying down animal health rules for the importation into and transit through the Community of certain live ungulate animals, amending Directives 90/426/EEC and 92/65/EEC and repealing Directive 72/462/EEC (Text with EEA relevance).

F6 Article 20 U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F6 Deleted by Council Directive of 15 July 1991 laying down the principles governing the organization of veterinary checks on animals entering the Community from third countries and amending Directives 89/662/EEC, 90/425/EEC and 90/675/EEC (91/496/EEC).

F6 Article 21 U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F6 Deleted by Council Directive of 15 July 1991 laying down the principles governing the organization of veterinary checks on animals entering the Community from third countries and amending Directives 89/662/EEC, 90/425/EEC and 90/675/EEC (91/496/EEC).

CHAPTER IV U.K. Final provisions

Article 22 U.K.

The provisions of this Directive, and in particular those contained in the second sentence of Article 4 (1) and in Articles 6, 8 and 21, shall be re-examined before 1 January 1993 in the framework of the proposals relating to the completion of the internal market, on which the Council will decide by a qualified majority.

Article 23 U.K.

The Annexes to this Directive shall be amended by the Commission in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 25.

[F7 Article 24 U.K.

1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health set up pursuant to Article 58 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002 (5) .

2. Where reference is made to this Article, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC (6) shall apply.

The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months.

3. The Committee shall adopt its Rules of Procedure.

Textual Amendments

F7 Substituted by Council Regulation (EC) No 806/2003 of 14 April 2003 adapting to Decision 1999/468/EC the provisions relating to committees which assist the Commission in the exercise of its implementing powers laid down in Council instruments adopted in accordance with the consultation procedure (qualified majority).

Article 25 U.K.

1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health.

2. Where reference is made to this Article, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply.

The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at 15 days.]

Textual Amendments

F7 Substituted by Council Regulation (EC) No 806/2003 of 14 April 2003 adapting to Decision 1999/468/EC the provisions relating to committees which assist the Commission in the exercise of its implementing powers laid down in Council instruments adopted in accordance with the consultation procedure (qualified majority).

Article 26 U.K.

Article 34 of Directive 72/462/EEC shall apply to the requirements set out in Chapter III of this Directive.

Article 27 U.K.

Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive no later than 1 January 1992. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.

Article 28 U.K.

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.