Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151Dangos y teitl llawn

Appendix 3

Validation of PEMS and non-traceable exhaust mass flow rate U.K.

1. INTRODUCTION U.K.

This appendix describes the requirements to validate under transient conditions the functionality of the installed PEMS as well as the correctness of the exhaust mass flow rate obtained from non-traceable exhaust mass flow meters or calculated from ECU signals.

2. SYMBOLS, PARAMETERS AND UNITS U.K.

%

—

per cent

#/km

—

number per kilometre

a₀

—

y intercept of the regression line

a₁

—

slope of the regression line

g/km

—

gramme per kilometre

Hz

—

hertz

km

—

kilometre

m

—

metre

mg/km

—

milligramme per kilometre

r²

—

coefficient of determination

x

—

actual value of the reference signal

y

—

actual value of the signal under validation

3. VALIDATION PROCEDURE FOR PEMS U.K.

3.1. Frequency of PEMS validation U.K.

It is recommended to validate the installed PEMS once for each PEMS-vehicle combination either before the RDE test or, alternatively, after the completion of the test.

3.2. PEMS validation procedure U.K.

3.2.1. PEMS installation U.K.

The PEMS shall be installed and prepared according to the requirements of Appendix 1. The PEMS installation shall be kept unchanged in the time period between the validation and the RDE test.

3.2.2. Test conditions U.K.

The validation test shall be conducted on a chassis dynamometer, as far as applicable, under type approval conditions by following the requirements of Annex 4a to UN/ECE Regulation No 83, 07 series of amendments or any other adequate measurement method. It is recommended to conduct the validation test with the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) as specified in Annex 1 to UNECE Global Technical Regulation No. 15. The ambient temperature shall be within the range specified in point 5.2 of this Annex.

It is recommended to feed the exhaust flow extracted by the PEMS during the validation test back to the CVS. If this is not feasible, the CVS results shall be corrected for the extracted exhaust mass. If the exhaust mass flow rate is validated with an exhaust mass flow meter, it is recommended to cross-check the mass flow rate measurements with data obtained from a sensor or the ECU.

3.2.3. Data analysis U.K.

The total distance-specific emissions [g/km] measured with laboratory equipment shall be calculated following Annex 4a to UN/ECE Regulation No 83, 07 series of amendments. The emissions as measured with the PEMS shall be calculated according to point 9 of Appendix 4, summed to give the total mass of pollutant emissions [g] and then divided by the test distance [km] as obtained from the chassis dynamometer. The total distance-specific mass of pollutants [g/km], as determined by the PEMS and the reference laboratory system, shall be evaluated against the requirements specified in point 3.3. For the validation of NO_X emission measurements, humidity correction shall be applied following point 6.6.5 of Annex 4a to UN/ECE Regulation No 83, 07 series of amendments.

3.3. Permissible tolerances for PEMS validation U.K.

The PEMS validation results shall fulfil the requirements given in Table 1. If any permissible tolerance is not met, corrective action shall be taken and the PEMS validation shall be repeated.

[F1 Table 1

Permissible tolerances

a only applicable if vehicle speed is determined by the ECU; to meet the permissible tolerance it is permitted to adjust the ECU vehicle speed measurements based on the outcome of the validation test
b parameter only mandatory if measurement required by point 2.1 of this Annex.
c PMP system.]
Parameter [Unit]	Permissible absolute tolerance
Distance [km] a	250 m of the laboratory reference
THC b [mg/km]	15 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
CH 4 b [mg/km]	15 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
NMHC b [mg/km]	20 mg/km or 20 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
PN b [#/km]	1•10 11 p/km or 50 % of the laboratory reference c whichever is larger
CO b [mg/km]	150 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
CO 2 [g/km]	10 g/km or 10 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger
NO x b [mg/km]	15 mg/km or 15 % of the laboratory reference, whichever is larger

4. VALIDATION PROCEDURE FOR THE EXHAUST MASS FLOW RATE DETERMINED BY NON-TRACEABLE INSTRUMENTS AND SENSORS U.K.

4.1. Frequency of validation U.K.

In addition to fulfilling the linearity requirements of point 3 of Appendix 2 under steady-state conditions, the linearity of non-traceable exhaust mass flow meters or the exhaust mass flow rate calculated from non-traceable sensors or ECU signals shall be validated under transient conditions for each test vehicle against a calibrated exhaust mass flow meter or the CVS. The validation can be executed without the installation of the PEMS but shall generally follow the requirements defined in Annex 4a to UN/ECE Regulation No 83, 07 series of amendments and the requirements pertinent to exhaust mass flow meters defined in Appendix 1.

4.2. Validation procedure U.K.

The validation shall be conducted on a chassis dynamometer under type approval conditions, as far as applicable, by following the requirements of Annex 4a to UN/ECE Regulation No 83, 07 series of amendments. The test cycle shall be the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) as specified in Annex 1 to UNECE Global Technical Regulation No. 15. As reference, a traceably calibrated flow meter shall be used. The ambient temperature can be any within the range specified in point 5.2 of this Annex. The installation of the exhaust mass flow meter and the execution of the test shall fulfil the requirement of point 3.4.3 of Appendix 1 of this Annex.

The following calculation steps shall be taken to validate the linearity:

(a)

The signal under validation and the reference signal shall be time corrected by following, as far as applicable, the requirements of point 3 of Appendix 4.

(b)

Points below 10 % of the maximum flow value shall be excluded from the further analysis.

(c)

At a constant frequency of at least 1,0 Hz, the signal under validation and the reference signal shall be correlated using the best-fit equation having the form:

where:

y

is the actual value of the signal under validation

a ₁

is the slope of the regression line

x

is the actual value of the reference signal

a ₀

is the y intercept of the regression line

The standard error of estimate (SEE) of y on x and the coefficient of determination (r²) shall be calculated for each measurement parameter and system.

(d)

The linear regression parameters shall meet the requirements specified in Table 2.

4.3. Requirements U.K.

The linearity requirements given in Table 2 shall be fulfilled. If any permissible tolerance is not met, corrective action shall be taken and the validation shall be repeated.

Table 2

Linearity requirements of calculated and measured exhaust mass flow

Measurement parameter/system	a0	Slope a1	Standard errorSEE	Coefficient of determinationr2
Exhaust mass flow	0,0 ± 3,0 kg/h	1,00 ± 0,075	≤10 % max	≥ 0,90

Textual Amendments

F1 Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1154 of 7 June 2017 amending Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 supplementing Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 and repealing Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards real-driving emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 6) (Text with EEA relevance).