- Y Diweddaraf sydd Ar Gael (Diwygiedig)
- Pwynt Penodol mewn Amser (06/04/2024)
- Gwreiddiol (Fel y'i Deddfwyd)
Point in time view as at 06/04/2024.
Building Act 1984, Part IV is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 17 August 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
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Textual Amendments
F1Word in s. 91 cross-heading inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 54; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)It is the duty of local authorities to carry this Act into execution in their areas, subject to—
[F3(za)subsection (3) of this section and regulations under section 91ZD,]
(a)the provisions of this Act relating to certain other authorities or persons,
(b)the provisions of Part I of the M1Public Health Act 1936 relating to united districts and joint boards,
(c)section 151 of the M2Local Government, Planning and Land Act 1980 (urban development areas), and
(d)section 1(3) of the M3Public Health (Control of Disease) Act 1984 (port health authorities).
(2)It is the function of local authorities to enforce building regulations in their areas, subject to [F4sections 5(3), 48(1) and 53(2) above . . . F5.] [F4—
(a)subsection (3) of this section,
(b)sections 5(3), 48(1) and 53(2), and
(c)regulations under section 91ZD.]
[F6(3)In cases where section 91ZA or 91ZB provides that the regulator is the building control authority, it is the duty of the regulator (and not the local authority in question)—
(a)to carry Part 1 of this Act into execution, and
(b)to enforce building regulations.]
Textual Amendments
F2Words in s. 91 heading inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(2)(d), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4)
F3S. 91(1)(za) inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(2)(a), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4)
F4Words in s. 91(2) substituted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(2)(b), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4)
F5Words repealed by Local Government Act 1985 (c. 51, SIF 81:1), s. 102, Sch. 17
F6S. 91(3) inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(2)(c), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4)
Marginal Citations
(1)The regulator is the building control authority in relation to any higher-risk building in England or any proposed such building.
(2)This includes the regulator being the building control authority as regards—
(a)any work relating to a building in England that is not a higher-risk building that causes it to become such a building, and
(b)any work relating to a higher-risk building in England that causes it to cease to be such a building.
(3)In this Act “higher-risk building work”, in relation to England, means any work for which the regulator is the building control authority by virtue of this section.
(4)For the meaning of “higher-risk building” see section 120D.
Textual Amendments
F7Ss. 91ZA-91ZD inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for specified purposes) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(3), 170(4); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(a) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)This section applies in relation to work of a prescribed description (“the work”) that is to be carried out in England and has a prescribed connection with any higher-risk building work.
(2)Where—
(a)the regulator and the person intending to carry out the work, acting jointly, give a notice under this section (a “regulator’s notice”) to the local authority for the area in which the work is to be carried out, and
(b)the regulator’s notice is accepted (or treated as accepted) by the local authority,
the regulator is the building control authority in relation to the work.
(3)A regulator’s notice may not be given if any of the following has been given to the local authority in relation to the work (or any part of it)—
(a)an application for building control approval;
(b)an initial notice (within the meaning of section 47);
(c)a public body’s notice (within the meaning of section 54).
Textual Amendments
F7Ss. 91ZA-91ZD inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for specified purposes) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(3), 170(4); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(a) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)This section supplements section 91ZB.
(2)A local authority to whom a regulator’s notice is given must reject the notice if any prescribed ground exists, and must otherwise accept the notice.
(3)A notice of rejection must be given within the prescribed period, and must specify the ground or grounds in question.
(4)The person intending to carry out the work may appeal to the tribunal against a decision of the local authority to reject the regulator’s notice.
(5)Where a local authority to whom a regulator’s notice is given does not—
(a)give a notice of rejection in accordance with subsection (3), or
(b)give a notice of acceptance within the period mentioned in that subsection,
the authority is treated as having accepted the regulator’s notice at the end of that period.
(6)As regards any notice under section 91ZB or this section, building regulations may make provision about—
(a)the form and content of the notice;
(b)the information and documents that must accompany it;
(c)the way in which the notice, and anything that is to accompany it, is to be given.
Textual Amendments
F7Ss. 91ZA-91ZD inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for specified purposes) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(3), 170(4); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(a) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)Building regulations may make provision about cases where a local authority for an area in Wales (“the relevant local authority”) proposes to carry out higher-risk building work in that area.
(2)The regulations may in particular—
(a)restrict (or prevent) the exercise by the relevant local authority of prescribed functions in relation to the higher-risk building work;
(b)require the relevant local authority to notify the Welsh Ministers of prescribed matters;
(c)confer on the Welsh Ministers a power to designate another local authority as the building control authority in relation to the higher-risk building work (instead of the relevant local authority);
(d)confer on the Welsh Ministers a power to require the relevant local authority to provide specified information, for the purposes of deciding whether to exercise the power of designation.
(3)The regulations may also provide, in cases where a local authority is designated as the building control authority in relation to the higher-risk building work, that the relevant local authority and the designated local authority may agree that the designated local authority is to be the building control authority in relation to any work of a prescribed description that has a prescribed connection with the higher-risk building work.
(4)Where, as a result of regulations made by virtue of subsection (2)(c) or (3), a designated local authority is the building control authority in relation to any work, as regards that work—
(a)prescribed functions are functions of the designated local authority (rather than the relevant local authority);
(b)the designated local authority (rather than the relevant local authority) must perform such functions relating to enforcement as may be prescribed.]
Textual Amendments
F7Ss. 91ZA-91ZD inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for specified purposes) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(3), 170(4); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(a) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)A [F10relevant authority] shall keep in a register such information and documents as may be prescribed in connection with their functions, powers and duties conferred or imposed by or under this Act.
(2)The information and documents that may be prescribed for the purposes of subsection (1) above include, in particular—
(a)documents that are given or issued to [F11, or deposited with,] a [F12relevant authority] in accordance with provision made by or under this Act, or copies of such documents;
(b)copies of documents that are given, made or issued by a [F12relevant authority] in accordance with provision so made;
(c)information with respect to documents of the kind mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b);
(d)information with respect to matters to which such documents relate.
(3)Information and documents that are required to be kept in a register under subsection (1) above shall be so kept for the prescribed period.
(4)A [F13relevant authority]—
(a)shall maintain the register required under subsection (1) above in the prescribed manner;
(b)shall ensure that the register is available for inspection by members of the public during prescribed periods;
(c)shall, in prescribed circumstances, provide to members of the public, on request, copies of information and documents kept in the register;
(d)may, in prescribed circumstances, charge a member of the public to whom they provide such copies a fee calculated in the prescribed manner.
(5)In this section—
“documents” includes notices, certificates, orders, consents, demands and plans;
“prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the [F14appropriate national authority] under this section.
[F15“relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
F16(6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F16(7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F16(8). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]
Textual Amendments
F8S. 91A inserted (1.2.2006 for specified purposes) by Sustainable and Secure Buildings Act 2004 (c. 22), ss. 7, 11(3); S.I. 2006/224, art. 2(b)
F9Words in s. 91A heading inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(5); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiii) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F10Words in s. 91A(1) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiii) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F11Words in s. 91A(2)(a) omitted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiii)
F12Words in s. 91A(2) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiii) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F13Words in s. 91A(4) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiii) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F14Words in s. 91A(5) substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(4)(a); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 30; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 22
F15Words in s. 91A(5) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(4)(b); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiii) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F16S. 91A(6)-(8) omitted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 55(6); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 30; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 22
(1)Relevant persons (as defined by subsection (7)) must cooperate with each other in the exercise of any of the following functions—
(a)any function of a local authority under this Act,
(b)any function of a Welsh fire and rescue authority under—
(i)section 6 or 7 of the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004, or
(ii)the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, and
(c)any function of a fire inspector under that Order.
(2)A relevant person may disclose information held in connection with any of their relevant functions to another relevant person for the purposes of a relevant function of either of them.
(3)The Welsh Ministers and a relevant person must cooperate with each other in the exercise of any of the following functions—
(a)a function of the Welsh Ministers under Part 2A;
(b)a function mentioned in the relevant paragraph of subsection (1).
(4)The Welsh Ministers may disclose information held in connection with a function under Part 2A to a relevant person for the purposes of—
(a)a function of the Welsh Ministers under Part 2A, or
(b) a function mentioned in the relevant paragraph of subsection (1).
(5)A relevant person may disclose information held in connection with a function mentioned in the relevant paragraph of subsection (1) to the Welsh Ministers for the purposes of—
(a)a function mentioned in the relevant paragraph of subsection (1), or
(b)a function of the Welsh Ministers under Part 2A.
(6)In subsections (3) to (5) “the relevant paragraph” of subsection (1), in relation to a kind of relevant person, means the paragraph of subsection (1) relating to a relevant person of that kind.
(7)In this section—
“fire inspector” means an inspector or assistant inspector appointed under section 28(1) of the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004;
“relevant person” means a local authority in Wales, Welsh fire and rescue authority or fire inspector;
“relevant function” means—
in relation to a local authority, any function of a local authority under—
the Prevention of Damage by Pests Act 1949,
Part 2 of the Public Health Act 1961,
Part 11 of the Local Government (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1982,
Part 3 of the Environmental Protection Act 1990,
Parts 1 to 4 of the Housing Act 2004, or
this Act,
or any prescribed function of a local authority;
in relation to a Welsh fire and rescue authority, any function of such an authority under—
the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004, or
the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005,
or any prescribed function of such an authority;
in relation to a fire inspector, any function of a fire inspector under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005;
“Welsh fire and rescue authority” means a fire and rescue authority, within the meaning of Part 1 of the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004, for an area in Wales.
(8)Except as provided by subsection (9), the disclosure of information under this section does not breach—
(a)any obligation of confidence owed by the person making the disclosure, or
(b)any other restriction on the disclosure of information (however imposed).
(9)This section does not authorise a disclosure of information if the disclosure would contravene the data protection legislation (but in determining whether a disclosure would do so, take into account the powers conferred by this section).]
Textual Amendments
F17S. 91B inserted (6.4.2024) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4), Sch. 5 para. 56; S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(c) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)All—
(a)notices, orders, consents, demands and other documents authorised or required by or under this Act to be given, made or issued by a local authority [F18or the regulator], and
(b)notices and applications authorised or required by or under this Act to be given or made to, or to any officer of, a local authority [F18or the regulator],
shall be in writing.
(2)The [F19appropriate national authority] may, by regulations F20..., prescribe the form of any notice, advertisement, certificate or other document to be used for any of the purposes of this Act, and if forms are so prescribed those forms or forms to the like effect may be used in all cases to which those forms are applicable.
Textual Amendments
F18Words in s. 92(1) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 57(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxiv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F19Words in s. 92(2) substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 57(3)(a); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 32; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 23
F20Words in s. 92(2) omitted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 57(3)(b); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 32; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 23
(1)A notice, order, consent, demand or other document that a local authority are authorised or required by or under this Act to give, make or issue may be signed on behalf of the authority—
(a)by the proper officer of the authority or the district surveyor, as respects documents relating to matters within his province, or
(b)by an officer of the authority authorised by them in writing to sign documents of the particular kind or, as the case may be, the particular document.
(2)A document purporting to bear the signature of an officer—
(a)expressed to hold an office by virtue of which he is under this section empowered to sign such a document, or
(b)expressed to be authorised by the local authority to sign such a document or the particular document,
is deemed, for the purposes of this Act and of any building regulations and orders made under it, to have been duly given, made or issued by authority of the local authority, until the contrary is proved.
(3)In subsection (2) above, “signature” includes a facsimile of a signature by whatever process reproduced.
[F21(1)]A notice, order, consent, demand or other document that is authorised or required by or under this Act to be given to or served on a person may, in any case for which no other provision is made by [F22or under] this Act, be given or served either—
(a)by delivering it to that person,
(b)in the case of an officer of a local authority, by leaving it, or sending it in a prepaid letter addressed to him, at his office,
[F23(ba)in the case of an authorised officer of the regulator, by—
(i)leaving it at the relevant address (see subsection (2)), or
(ii)sending it in a prepaid letter addressed to the officer at the relevant address;]
(c)in the case of any [F24person other than an officer of a local authority or an authorised officer of the regulator], by leaving it, or sending it in a prepaid letter addressed to him, at his usual or last known residence,
[F25(ca)in the case of a partnership, by—
(i)delivering it to any partner,
(ii)leaving it at the principal office of the partnership, or
(iii)sending it in a prepaid letter addressed to the partnership at its principal office;]
(d)in the case of an incorporated company or body, by delivering it to their secretary or clerk at their registered or principal office, or by sending it in a prepaid letter addressed to him at that office,
(e)in the case of a document to be given to or served on a person as being the owner of any premises by virtue of the fact that he receives the rackrent thereof as agent for another, or would so receive it if the premises were let at a rackrent, by leaving it, or sending it in a prepaid letter addressed to him, at his place of business,
(f)in the case of a document to be given to or served on the owner or the occupier of any premises, if it is not practicable after reasonable inquiry to ascertain the name and address of the person to or on whom it should be given or served, or if the premises are unoccupied, by addressing it to the person concerned by the description of “owner” or “occupier” of the premises (naming them) to which it relates, and delivering it to some person on the premises, or, if there is no person on the premises to whom it can be delivered, by affixing it, or a copy of it, to some conspicuous part of the premises,
[F26(g)by sending it by email to an electronic address at which the person has agreed to receive documents or has agreed to receive the document.]
[F27(2)In subsection (1)—
“agreed” means agreed in writing;
“authorised officer” means a person in respect of whom an authorisation under section 22 of the Building Safety Act 2022 is in force;
“the relevant address” means—
the address specified by the officer in writing, or
if no address has been specified, the principal office of the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F21S. 94 renumbered as s. 94(1) (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F22Words in s. 94(1) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(3)(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F23S. 94(1)(ba) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(3)(b); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F24Words in s. 94(1)(c) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(3)(c); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F25S. 94(1)(ca) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(3)(d); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F26S. 94(1)(g) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(3)(e); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F27S. 94(2) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 58(4); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F28S. 94A omitted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 59; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)Subject to this section, an authorised officer of a local authority, on producing, if so required, some duly authenticated document showing his authority, has a right to enter any premises at all reasonable hours—
(a)for the purpose of ascertaining whether there is, or has been, on or in connection with the premises, a contravention of this Act, or of any building regulations, that it is the duty of the local authority to enforce,
(b)for the purpose of ascertaining whether or not circumstances exist that would authorise or require the local authority to take any action, or execute any work, under this Act or under building regulations,
(c)for the purpose of taking any action, or executing any work, authorised or required by this Act, or by building regulations, or by an order made under this Act, to be taken, or executed, by the local authority, or
(d)generally for the purpose of the performance by the local authority of their functions under this Act or under building regulations.
(2)Admission to premises, other than a factory or workplace, shall not be demanded as of right unless 24 hours’ notice of the intended entry has been given to the occupier.
[F29(2A)Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply in relation to premises used wholly or mainly as a private dwelling.]
(3)If it is shown to the satisfaction of a justice of the peace on sworn information in writing that—
(a)admission to any premises has been refused, or refusal is apprehended, or the premises are unoccupied, or the occupier is temporarily absent, or the case is one of urgency, or an application for admission would defeat the object of the entry, and
(b)there is reasonable ground for entry into the premises for any of the purposes mentioned in subsection (1) above,
the justice may by warrant under his hand authorise the local authority by any authorised officer to enter the premises, if need be by force.
(4)A warrant shall not be issued under subsection (3) above unless the justice is satisfied that—
(a)notice of the intention to apply for a warrant has been given to the occupier, or
(b)the premises are unoccupied, or the occupier is temporarily absent, or the case is one of urgency, or the giving of the notice would defeat the object of the entry.
Textual Amendments
F29S. 95(2A) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 60; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)An authorised officer entering premises by virtue of section 95 above, or of a warrant issued under it, may take with him such other persons as may be necessary, and on leaving unoccupied premises that he has entered by virtue of such a warrant he shall leave them as effectually secured against trespassers as he found them.
(2)A warrant issued under that section shall continue in force until the purpose for which the entry is necessary has been satisfied.
(3)A person who—
(a)is admitted into a factory or workplace in compliance with that section or a warrant issued under it, and
(b)discloses to another person information obtained by him in the factory or workplace with regard to a manufacturing process or trade secret,
is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months, unless the disclosure was made in the performance of his duty.
A local authority [F30or the regulator] may, by agreement with the owner or occupier of any premises, themselves execute at his expense—
(a)any work that they have under this Act required him to execute, or
(b)any work in connection with the construction, laying, alteration or repair of a sewer or drain that he is entitled to execute,
and for that purpose they have all the rights that he would have.
Textual Amendments
F30Words in s. 97 inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 61; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
If, on [F31an application or (as the case may be) complaint] made by the owner of premises, it appears to [F32the appropriate court or tribunal] that the occupier of those premises prevents the owner from executing any work that he is by or under this Act required to execute, the court [F33or tribunal] may order the occupier to permit the execution of the work.
Textual Amendments
F31Words in s. 98 substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 23(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F32Words in s. 98 substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 9(q); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F33Words in s. 98 inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 23(b); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)A notice in relation to which it is declared by any provision of this Act that this section applies shall indicate the nature of the works to be executed and state the time within which they are to be executed.
(2)Subject to any right of appeal conferred by section 102 below, if the person required by such a notice to execute works fails to execute them within the time limited by the notice—
(a)the local authority [F34or the regulator (as the case may be)] may themselves execute the works and recover from that person the expenses reasonably incurred by them in doing so, and
(b)without prejudice to that power, he is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale and to a further fine not exceeding £2 for each day on which the default continues after he is convicted.
(3)This section has effect subject to any modification specified in the provision under which the notice is given.
Textual Amendments
F34Words in s. 99(2)(a) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 62; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)A [F35relevant authority] may sell any materials that—
(a)have been removed by them from any premises, including a street, when executing works under this Act or otherwise carrying this Act into effect, and
(b)are not before the expiration of three days from the date of their removal claimed by the owner and taken away by him.
(2)Where a [F35relevant authority] sell materials under this section, they shall pay the proceeds to the person to whom the materials belonged, after deducting the amount of any expenses recoverable by them from him.
(3)This section does not apply to refuse removed by a [F35relevant authority].
[F36(4)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F35Words in s. 100 substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 63(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F36S. 100(4) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 63(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)For the purposes of any section of this Act that confers powers on [F37any relevant authority] to construct, lay or maintain sewers, drains or pipes, [F38[F39section 158 of the Water Industry Act 1991] (street works) shall apply, with the necessary modifications, as [F40it applies] for the purpose of conferring power on a water undertaker or sewerage undertaker to lay a relevant pipe, within the meaning of [F41that section].]
[F42(2)[F43That section] shall also so apply so far as necessary for the purposes of any power to lay or maintain a sewer or drain which is conferred by this Act on a person other than a [F44relevant authority].]
[F45(3)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F37Words in s. 101(1) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 64(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F38Words in s. 101(1) substituted by Water Act 1989 (c. 15, SIF 130), ss. 58(7), 101(1), 141(6), 160(1)(2)(4), 163, 189(4)–(10), 190, 193(1), Sch. 25 para. 70(3)(a), Sch. 26 paras. 3(1)(2), 17, 40(4), 57(6), 58
F39words in s. 101(1) substituted (1.12.1991) by Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991 (c. 60, SIF 130), ss. 2(1), 4(2), Sch. 1 para. 39(5)(a).
F40Words in s. 101(1) substituted (1.12.1991) by Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991 (c. 60, SIF 130), ss. 2(1), 4(2), Sch. 1 para. 39(5)(a).
F41Words in s. 101(1) substituted (1.12.1991) by Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991 (c. 60, SIF 130), ss. 2(1), 4(2), Sch. 1 para. 39(5)(a).
F42S. 101(2) substituted by Water Act 1989 (c. 15, SIF 130), ss. 58(7), 101(1), 141(6), 160(1)(2)(4), 163, 189(4)–(10), 190, 193(1), Sch. 25 para. 70(3)(b), Sch. 26 paras. 3(1)(2), 17, 40(4), 57(6), 58
F43Words in s. 101(2) substituted (1.12.1991) by Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991 (c. 60, SIF 130), ss. 2(1), 4(2), Sch. 1 para. 39(5)(b).
F44Words in s. 101(2) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 64(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F45S. 101(3) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 64(4); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Textual Amendments
F46S. 101A and cross-heading inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for W. for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W. in so far as not already in force) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 30; S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(x); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xv); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(ii) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)This section applies where—
(a)a local authority for an area in England refuses to consider an application for building control approval, or
(b)a local authority refuses to consider an initial notice (within the meaning of section 47) or an amendment notice (within the meaning of section 51A),
on the ground that all or part of the work to which the application or notice relates is higher-risk building work.
(2)The person intending to carry out the work may appeal to the appropriate national authority, before the end of the prescribed period, on the ground that none of the work is higher-risk building work.
(3)Building regulations may make provision about appeals under this section, including in particular provision—
(a)about the making of an appeal;
(b)requiring an appellant to notify the local authority of the making of an appeal;
(c)imposing duties on the local authority in cases where an appeal is made;
(d)for and in connection with the appropriate national authority appointing a person to determine the appeal (including provision conferring functions on that person and providing that their decision is treated as the decision of the appropriate national authority);
(e)about the procedure to be adopted in connection with the determination of the appeal.
(4)The provision that may be made by virtue of subsection (3)(a) includes provision about—
(a)the form and content of a notice of appeal;
(b)the information and documents that are to accompany a notice of appeal;
(c)the way in which a notice of appeal, and anything that is to accompany it, is to be given.
(5)The decision made on the appeal is final (subject to subsection (6)).
(6)The appellant or the local authority may, before the end of the prescribed period and with the permission of the High Court, appeal to the High Court against the decision of the appropriate national authority on a point of law.]
(1)Where a person is given a notice in relation to which it is declared by any provision of this Act that this section applies, he may appeal to [F47the appropriate court or tribunal] on any of the following grounds that are appropriate in the circumstances of the particular case—
(a)that the notice or requirement is not justified by the terms of the provision under which it purports to have been given,
(b)that there has been some informality, defect or error in, or in connection with, the notice,
(c)that the authority have refused unreasonably to approve the execution of alternative works, or that the works required by the notice to be executed are otherwise unreasonable in character or extent, or are unnecessary,
(d)that the time within which the works are to be executed is not reasonably sufficient for the purpose,
(e)that the notice might lawfully have been served on the occupier of the premises in question instead of on the owner, or on the owner instead of on the occupier, and that it would have been equitable for it to have been so served,
(f)where the works are works for the common benefit of the premises in question and other premises, that some other person, being the owner or occupier of premises to be benefited, ought to contribute towards the expenses of executing any works required.
(2)If and in so far as an appeal under this section is based on the ground of some informality, defect or error in or in connection with the notice, the court [F48or tribunal] shall dismiss the appeal, if it is satisfied that the informality, defect or error was not a material one.
(3) The appellant—
(a)shall, where the grounds upon which the appeal is brought include a ground specified in subsection (1)(e) or (f) above, serve a copy of his notice of appeal on each other person referred to, and
(b)may, in the case of any appeal under this section, serve a copy of his notice of appeal on any other person having an estate or interest in the premises in question,
and on the hearing of the appeal the court [F49or tribunal] may make such order as it thinks fit with respect to—
(i)the person by whom any works are to be executed and the contribution to be made by any other person towards the cost of the works, or
(ii)the proportions in which any expenses that may become recoverable by the local authority [F50or the regulator] are to be borne by the appellant and such other person.
(4) In exercising its powers under subsection (3) above, the court [F51or tribunal] shall have regard—
(a)as between an owner and an occupier, to the terms and conditions, whether contractual or statutory, of the tenancy and to the nature of the works required, and
(b)in any case, to the degree of benefit to be derived by the different persons concerned.
(5)This section has effect subject to any modification specified in the provision under which the notice is given.
Textual Amendments
F47Words in s. 102(1) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 9(r); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F48Words in s. 102(2) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 24; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F49Words in s. 102(3) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 24; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F50Words in s. 102(3)(b)(ii) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 65; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F51Words in s. 102(4) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 24; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)Where this Act provides—
(a)for an appeal to a magistrates’ court against a requirement, refusal or other decision of a local authority, or
(b)for a matter to be determined by, or for an application in respect of a matter to be made to, a magistrates’ court,
the procedure shall be by way of complaint for an order.
[F53(1A)Subsections (2) and (3) apply—
(a)where this Act provides for an appeal to the tribunal against a requirement, refusal or other decision of a relevant authority, and
(b)in relation to an appeal of a kind mentioned in subsection (1)(a).]
(2)The time within which such an appeal may be brought is 21 days from the date on which notice of the [F54relevant] authority’s requirement, refusal or other decision was served upon the person desiring to appeal, and for the purposes of this subsection the making of the [F55application or] complaint is deemed to be the bringing of the appeal.
(3)In a case where such an appeal lies, the document notifying to the person concerned the [F56relevant] authority’s decision in the matter shall state the right of appeal to [F57the appropriate court or tribunal] and the time within such an appeal may be brought.
[F58(4)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F52Words in s. 103 heading substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 25(6); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F53S. 103(1A) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 25(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F54Word in s. 103(2) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 25(3)(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F55Words in s. 103(2) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 25(3)(b); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F56Word in s. 103(3) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 25(4); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F57Words in s. 103(3) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 9(s); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F58S. 103(4) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 25(5); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Where upon an appeal under this Act a court [F60or tribunal] varies or reverses a decision of a local authority [F61or the regulator], it is the duty of the local authority [F62or regulator] to give effect to the order of the court [F60or tribunal] and, in particular, to grant or issue any necessary consent, certificate or other document, and to make any necessary entry in any register.
Textual Amendments
F59Words in s. 104 heading inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 66(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F60Words in s. 104 inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 26; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F61Words in s. 104 inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 66(2)(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F62Words in s. 104 inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 66(2)(b); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxv) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
A judge of a court [F63or tribunal] or a justice of the peace is not disqualified from acting in cases arising under this Act by reason only of his being, as one of several ratepayers, or as one of any other class of persons, liable in common with the others to contribute to, or be benefited by, a rate or fund out of which expenses of a local authority are to be defrayed.
Textual Amendments
F63Words in s. 105 inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 6 para. 27; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xii) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)A decision of the First-tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal made under or in connection with this Act is enforceable with the permission of the county court in the same way as an order of that court.
(2)Subsection (1) does not apply to a decision of the First-tier Tribunal or Upper Tribunal ordering the payment of a sum (as to which see section 27 of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 (enforcement)).]
Textual Amendments
F64S. 105A inserted (1.10.2023) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(c), Sch. 6 para. 29; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(o)(i) (with reg. 6)
Textual Amendments
F65S. 105B and cross-heading inserted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 57, 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(g); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xvi)
(1)The appropriate national authority may by regulations make provision authorising a relevant authority—
(a)to charge fees, and
(b)to recover charges,
for or in connection with the performance of any of its functions under, or under an instrument made under, this Act.
(2)The regulations may—
(a)prescribe a fee or charge, or
(b)provide for the amount of any fee or charge to be determined by the relevant authority in accordance with the regulations;
and may make provision about the effect of failing to pay a fee or charge in accordance with the regulations.
(3)The regulations may in particular—
(a)provide that the amount of any charge is to be determined by the relevant authority in accordance with a scheme made and published by it, and
(b)make provision about such schemes, including the principles to be embodied in such schemes.
(4)In this section “relevant authority” means—
(a)in relation to England, the regulator or a local authority for an area in England;
(b)in relation to Wales, the Welsh Ministers or a local authority for an area in Wales.]
(1)The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision for and in connection with the imposition, in respect of relevant applications or notices or specified descriptions of relevant applications or notices, of a levy for the purpose of meeting any building safety expenditure.
(2)The levy is payable to the Secretary of State or a person designated by the Secretary of State.
(3)The regulations may in particular make provision about—
(a)the amount of the levy;
(b)the person by whom it must be paid;
(c)when the levy must be paid;
(d)the provision of information or documents to, or by, the Secretary of State or designated person;
(e)the consequences of a failure to pay the levy in accordance with the regulations;
(f)the determination of disputes (including provision conferring a right to appeal to the tribunal and provision about appeals).
(4)The different provision that may be made by the regulations by virtue of section 120A(2)(b) includes in particular different provision in relation to—
(a)persons who are eligible to be members of a building industry scheme and are not members of that scheme, and
(b)other persons.
(5)The regulations may contain exemptions, for specified descriptions of person.
(6)The regulations may provide that, unless the building control authority is given a notification under subsection (7) in relation to a relevant application or notice (or a relevant application or notice of a specified description), the authority—
(a)may not take a specified step in relation to the application or notice (for example, may not grant an application, accept a notice or give a specified certificate in relation to works connected with the application or notice), or
(b)must take a specified step in relation to the application or notice (for example, must reject a notice).
(7)A notification under this section is a notification given by the Secretary of State or designated person—
(a)that the levy payable in respect of the application or notice has been paid, or
(b)that no levy is payable in respect of the application or notice.
(8)The regulations must provide for any amount received by a designated person by way of a levy to be paid to the Secretary of State, subject to retention of an amount, determined by or in accordance with the regulations, in respect of the costs of administering the levy.
(9)A designation under this section must be published in such way as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.
(10)In this section “relevant application or notice” means—
(a)an application for building control approval,
(b)an initial notice,
(c)an amendment notice, or
(d)a public body’s notice,
relating to a relevant building or proposed relevant building (including any such application or notice relating to work that causes a building to become a relevant building or causes a relevant building to cease to be such a building).
(11)In this section—
“amendment notice, “initial notice” and “public body’s notice” have the same meaning as in Part 2 (see section 58);
“building industry scheme” means a scheme established under section 126 of the Building Safety Act 2022;
“building safety expenditure” means expenditure incurred by the Secretary of State (whether before or after the passing of this Act) in providing financial assistance to persons (whether by way of grant, loan or otherwise) for the purposes of enabling them to improve the safety of persons in or about buildings in England;
“relevant building” means a building in England consisting of or containing—
one or more dwellings, or
other accommodation,
(and “accommodation” here includes temporary accommodation, for example in a hotel or hospital);
“specified” means specified in the regulations.]
Textual Amendments
F66S. 105C inserted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 58, 170(4)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(k) (with reg. 3)
(1)A local authority shall make full compensation to a person who has sustained damage by reason of the exercise by the authority, in relation to a matter as to which he has not himself been in default, of any of their powers under this Act.
(2)F67... Any dispute arising under this section as to the fact of damage, or as to the amount of compensation, shall be determined by arbitration.
F68(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F67Words in s. 106(2) omitted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 67(2); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 33; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 24
F68S. 106(3) omitted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 67(3); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 33 (with reg. 7(2)); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 24 (with reg. 8)
(1)Where a [F69relevant authority] have incurred expenses for whose repayment the owner of the premises in respect of which the expenses were incurred is liable, either under this Act or by agreement with the authority, those expenses, together with interest from the date of service of a demand for the expenses, may be recovered by the authority—
(a)from the person who is the owner of the premises at the date on which the works are completed, or
(b)if he has ceased to be the owner of the premises before the date on which a demand for the expenses is served, either from him or from the person who is the owner at the date on which the demand is served,
and, as from the date of the completion of the works, the expenses and interest accrued due thereon are, until recovered, a charge on the premises and on all estates and interests in them.
(2)A [F69relevant authority], for the purpose of enforcing a charge under subsection (1) above, have all the same powers and remedies under the M4Law of Property Act 1925 and otherwise as if they were mortgagees by deed having powers of sale and lease, or accepting surrenders of leases and appointing a receiver.
(3)The rate of interest chargeable under subsection (1) above is such reasonable rate as the authority may determine.
(4)A sum that a [F69relevant authority] are entitled to recover under this Act, and with respect to whose recovery provision is not made by any other section of this Act, may be recovered as a simple contract debt in any court of competent jurisdiction.
(5)Where—
(a)a person has been given a notice in relation to which section 102 above applies, and
(b)the [F69relevant authority] take proceedings against him for the recovery of expenses that they are entitled to recover from him,
it is not open to him to raise any question that he could have raised on an appeal under that section.
[F70(6)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F69Words in s. 107 substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 68(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F70S. 107(6) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 68(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Ss. 107-110 applied (with modifications) (13.7.2004) by London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i), ss. 1(1), s. 10(3)-(5)
Marginal Citations
(1)A [F71relevant authority] may by order declare any expenses recoverable by them under section 107(1) above to be payable with interest by instalments within a period not exceeding 30 years, until the whole amount is paid.
(2) An order may be made under subsection (1) above at any time with respect to an unpaid balance of expenses and accrued interest, but the period for repayment shall not in any case extend beyond 30 years from the service of the first demand for the expenses.
(3)Any such instalments and interest, or any part thereof, may be recovered from the owner or occupier for the time being of the premises in respect of which the expenses were incurred, and if recovered from the occupier, may be deducted by him from the rent of the premises; but an occupier shall not be required to pay at any one time a sum in excess of the amount that—
(a)was due from him on account of rent at, or
(b)has become due from him on account of rent since,
the date on which he received a demand from the [F71relevant authority] together with a notice requiring him not to pay rent to his landlord without deducting the sum so demanded.
(4)The rate of interest chargeable under subsection (1) above is such reasonable rate as the authority may determine.
[F72(5)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F71Words in s. 108 substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 69(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F72S. 108(5) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 69(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Ss. 107-110 applied (with modifications) (13.7.2004) by London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i), ss. 1(1), s. 10(3)-(5)
Textual Amendments
F73S. 109 repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt.1 Group 4.
[F74(1)]Where a [F75relevant authority] claim to recover expenses under this Act from a person as being the owner of the premises in respect of which the expenses were incurred, and that person proves that—
(a)he is receiving the rent of those premises merely as agent or trustee for some other person, and
(b)he has not, and since the date of the service on him of a demand for payment has not had, in his hands on behalf of that other person sufficient money to discharge the whole demand of the authority,
his liability is limited to the total amount of the money that he has or has had in his hands as aforesaid, but a [F75relevant authority] who are, or would be, debarred by the foregoing provisions of this section from recovering the whole of any such expenses from an agent or trustee may recover the whole or any unpaid balance thereof from the person on whose behalf the agent or trustee receives the rent.
[F76(2)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority or the regulator.]
Textual Amendments
F74S. 110 renumbered as s. 110(1) (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 70(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F75Words in s. 110 substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 70(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F76S. 110(2) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 70(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvi) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Ss. 107-110 applied (with modifications) (13.7.2004) by London Local Authorities Act 2004 (c. i), ss. 1(1), s. 10(3)-(5)
In an arbitration under this Act, the reference shall be to a single arbitrator appointed by agreement between the parties, or in default of agreement by the [F77appropriate national authority].
Textual Amendments
F77Words in s. 111 substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 71; S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 34; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 25
[F78(1)]A person who wilfully obstructs a person acting in the execution of this Act, or of building regulations, or of an order or warrant made or issued under this Act, is in a case for which no other provision is made by this Act, liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F79level 3] on the standard scale.
[F80(2)Subsection (1) does not apply where the person obstructed is an authorised officer (within the meaning of section 22 of the Building Safety Act 2022).]
Textual Amendments
F78S. 112 renumbered as s. 112(1) (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 72(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F79Words in s. 112(1) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 72(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F80S. 112(2) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 72(4); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvii) (with reg. 4); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
(1)Where an offence under this Act committed by a body corporate—
(a)is committed with the consent or connivance of any director, manager, secretary or other similar officer of the body corporate, or any person who was purporting to act in any such capacity, or
(b)is attributable to any neglect on the part of any such person,
that person as well as the body corporate commits the offence and is liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
(2)In subsection (1) “director”, in relation to a body corporate whose affairs are managed by its members, means a member of the body corporate.
(3)Subsection (1) also applies in relation to a body that is not a body corporate, with the substitution for the reference to a director of the body of a reference—
(a)in the case of a partnership, to a partner;
(b)in the case of an unincorporated body other than a partnership—
(i)where the body’s affairs are managed by its members, to a member of the body;
(ii)in any other case, to a member of the governing body.]
Textual Amendments
F81S. 112A inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 40, 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(j); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(i) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Proceedings in respect of an offence created by or under this Act shall not, without the written consent of the Attorney General, be taken by any person other than—
(a)a party aggrieved, or
(b)a local authority [F82, the regulator, the Welsh Ministers, the Counsel General to the Welsh Government] or a body whose function it is to enforce the provision in question.
Textual Amendments
F82Words in s. 113(b) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 73; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxvii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Where provision is made by or under this Act for the imposition of a daily penalty in respect of a continuing offence—
(a)the court by which a person is convicted of the original offence may fix a reasonable period from the date of conviction for the defendant to comply with any directions given by the court, and
(b)where the court has fixed such a period, the daily penalty is not recoverable in respect of any day before the period expires.
(1)Nothing done, and no contract entered into by a local authority, port health authority or joint board, and nothing done by a member or officer of, or person acting under the direction of, such an authority or board, shall subject them or him personally to any action, liability, claim or demand whatsoever, if it is done or entered into bona fide for the purpose of executing this Act.
(2) Any expense incurred by such an authority, board member, officer or other person acting bona fide for the purpose aforesaid shall be borne and repaid out of the fund or rate applicable by the authority or board for the general purposes of this Act.
F83(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F83S. 115(3) omitted (1.4.2015) by virtue of Local Audit and Accountability Act 2014 (c. 2), s. 49(1), Sch. 12 para. 11; S.I. 2015/841, art. 3(x)
(1)If the [F85Secretary of State] [F85appropriate national authority] is satisfied that a local authority or joint board have failed to discharge their functions under this Act in a case in which they ought to have discharged them, [F86he] [F86it] may make an order declaring them to be in default and directing them for the purpose of removing the default to discharge such of their functions, in such manner and within such time or times, as may be specified in the order.
(2)If a local authority or joint board with respect to whom an order has been made under subsection (1) above fail to comply with a requirement of the order within the time limited by the order for compliance with that requirement, the [F87Secretary of State] [F87appropriate national authority], in lieu of enforcing the order by mandamus or otherwise, may [F88make an order tranferring to himself such of the functions of the body in default as may be specified in his order.] [F88make a transfer order in respect of the body in default.]
[F89(3)The Secretary of State must consult the regulator before making an order under subsection (1) or (2).
(4)The Secretary of State may also make a transfer order in respect of a local authority if—
(a)under section 58Z7(2) the regulator recommends that the Secretary of State make a transfer order in respect of the authority, and
(b)the Secretary of State is satisfied that the way in which the authority exercises its functions under this Act—
(i)falls short of the standards expected, and
(ii)puts, or may put, the safety of persons in or about buildings at risk,
and is likely to continue to do so.
(5)The Welsh Ministers may also make a transfer order in respect of a local authority if the Welsh Ministers are satisfied that the way in which the authority exercises its functions under this Act—
(a)falls short of the standards expected, and
(b)puts, or may put, the safety of persons in or about buildings at risk,
and is likely to continue to do so.
(6)A “transfer order”, in respect of a local authority or joint board, is an order transferring to the appropriate national authority, or to another local authority, such functions of the authority or board as may be specified in the order.]
Textual Amendments
F84Words in s. 116 heading substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(2)(a), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F85Words in s. 116(1) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(2)(b)(i), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F86Word in s. 116(1) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(2)(b)(ii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F87Words in s. 116(2) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(2)(c)(i), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F88Words in s. 116(2) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(2)(c)(ii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F89S. 116(3)-(6) inserted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(2)(d), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
[F91(A1)This section applies where the appropriate national authority has transferred functions to itself by a transfer order under section 116.
(A2)Any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State in discharging the transferred functions are to be paid in the first instance out of money provided by Parliament.]
(1)[F92Where the Secretary of State has by order under section 116(2) above transferred functions to himself, any expenses incurred by him in discharging those functions shall be paid in the first instance out of moneys provided by Parliament, but the amount of those expenses as certified by the Secretary of State] [F92The amount of any expenses certified by the appropriate national authority as having been incurred by the authority in discharging the transferred functions]—
(a)shall be paid to [F93him] [F93the authority] by the body in default on demand, and
(b)is recoverable by [F94him from it as a debt due to the Crown] [F94the authority from the body as a debt due to the authority],
and that body has the like power of raising the money required as it has of raising money for defraying expenses incurred directly by it.
(2)The payment of such expenses as aforesaid is, to such extent as may be sanctioned by the [F95Secretary of State] [F95appropriate national authority], a purpose for which a local authority or joint board may borrow money in accordance with the statutory provisions relating to borrowing by such an authority or board.
Textual Amendments
F90Words in s. 117 heading substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(3)(a), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F91S. 117(A1)(A2) inserted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(3)(b), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F92Words in s. 117(1) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(3)(c)(i), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F93Words in s. 117(1)(a) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(3)(c)(ii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F94Words in s. 117(1)(b) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(3)(c)(iii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F95Words in s. 117(2) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(3)(d), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
(1)Where the [F96Secretary of State] [F96appropriate national authority] has made [F97an order under section 116(2)] [F97a transfer order under section 116] above, [F98he] [F98it] may at any time by a subsequent order vary or revoke that order, but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done.
[F99(1A)The Secretary of State must consult the regulator before making an order under subsection (1).]
(2)Where an order is so revoked, the [F100Secretary of State] [F100appropriate national authority] may, either by the revoking order or by a subsequent order, make such provision as appears to [F101him] [F101it] to be desirable with respect to the transfer, vesting and discharge of any property or liabilities acquired or incurred [F102by him in discharging functions to which the revoked order related.] [F102, by the person to whom the revoked order transferred functions, in discharging those functions.]
Textual Amendments
F96Words in s. 118(1) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(a)(i), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F97Words in s. 118(1) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(a)(ii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F98Word in s. 118(1) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(a)(iii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F99S. 118(1A) inserted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(b), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F100Words in s. 118(2) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(c)(i), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F101Word in s. 118(2) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(c)(ii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
F102Words in s. 118(2) substituted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 45(4)(c)(iii), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(d) (with reg. 3)
[F103(1)] The [F104appropriate national authority or the regulator] may cause a local inquiry to be held in a case where [F105it] is authorised by this Act to determine a difference, to make an order, to give a consent or approval or otherwise to act under such a provision.
[F106(2)Section 250 of the Local Government Act 1972 (power to direct inquiries) applies in relation to a local inquiry caused to be held by the regulator as it applies in relation to one caused to be held by the Secretary of State.]
Textual Amendments
F103S. 119 renumbered as s. 119(1) (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 74(2); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 36; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 26
F104 Words in s. 119(1) substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 74(2)(a); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 36; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 26
F105Word in s. 119(1) substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 74(2)(b); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 36; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 26
F106S. 119(2) inserted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 74(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxviii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
Textual Amendments
F107Words in s. 120 cross-heading inserted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 75; S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 37; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 27
(1)The power to make an order under [F108section 134(1)] is exercisable by statutory instrument, and different days may be appointed by such an order for different provisions or for different purposes.
(2)An order under section F109... 134(1) (a), (b) or (c) below may contain such transitional provisions and savings as appear to the Secretary of State [F110or Welsh Ministers] to be necessary or expedient in connection with the provisions thereby brought into force, including such adaptations of those provisions as appear to [F111the Secretary of State or Welsh Ministers] necessary or expedient in consequence of the partial operation of this Act (whether before or after the day appointed by the order).
Textual Amendments
F108Words in s. 120(1) substituted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 76(2); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxix); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F109Words in s. 120(2) omitted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 76(3)(a); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 39; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 28
F110Words in s. 120(2) inserted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 76(3)(b); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 39; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 28
F111Words in s. 120(2) substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 5.9.2023 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 76(3)(c); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 39; S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 28
(1)This section applies to regulations under section 54A, 55, 56A, 56B, 90A, 91A, 92, 105B, 105C, 120D, 120I or 125A.
(2)A power to make regulations includes power to make—
(a)consequential, supplementary, incidental, transitional, transitory or saving provision;
(b)different provision for different purposes or for different areas.
(3)Regulations may describe a building by reference to its height, size, design, use, purpose or any other characteristic.
(4)Regulations under section 54A may make such consequential amendments of this Act as the appropriate national authority considers appropriate.
(5)Regulations under section 90A may make such consequential amendments of this Act as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.
(6)Regulations are to be made by statutory instrument.
(7)A statutory instrument containing (whether alone or with other provision)—
(a)regulations under section 54A, 90A, 105C or 125A, or
(b)regulations under section 120D(2)(b) or (6), or regulations made by virtue of section 120D(4)(c),
may not be made by the Secretary of State unless a draft of the instrument has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
(8)Any other statutory instrument containing regulations made by the Secretary of State is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
(9)A statutory instrument containing (whether alone or with other provision) regulations under section 54A, 120I(2) or 125A may not be made by the Welsh Ministers unless a draft of the instrument has been laid before and approved by a resolution of Senedd Cymru.
(10)Any other statutory instrument containing regulations made by the Welsh Ministers is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of Senedd Cymru.
Textual Amendments
F112Ss. 120A-120C inserted (28.6.2022 for E. for specified purposes, 9.12.2022 for W. for specified purposes, 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in force) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4), Sch. 5 para. 77; S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 40, 41; S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(c)(ii); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 2(2)(b) (with reg. 5(1))
(1)The regulator may at any time make proposals to the Secretary of State for the making of regulations under this Act.
(2)Before making a proposal, the regulator must consult such persons as it considers appropriate.
(3)Before making any regulations under this Act, other than regulations proposed by the regulator, the Secretary of State must consult—
(a)the regulator, and
(b)any other person that the Secretary of State considers appropriate.
(4)This section does not apply in relation to regulations under section 120D.
Textual Amendments
F112Ss. 120A-120C inserted (28.6.2022 for E. for specified purposes, 9.12.2022 for W. for specified purposes, 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in force) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4), Sch. 5 para. 77; S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 40, 41; S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(c)(ii); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 2(2)(b) (with reg. 5(1))
(1)Before making any regulations under this Act except building regulations or regulations under section 120I, the Welsh Ministers must consult such persons as they consider appropriate.
(2)Before making any regulations under section 120I, the Welsh Ministers must consult—
(a)the Building Regulations Advisory Committee for Wales, and
(b)any other person that the Welsh Ministers consider appropriate.
(3)See also section 14 (consultation requirements for building regulations).]
Textual Amendments
F112Ss. 120A-120C inserted (28.6.2022 for E. for specified purposes, 9.12.2022 for W. for specified purposes, 1.4.2023 in so far as not already in force) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4), Sch. 5 para. 77; S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 40, 41; S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(c)(ii); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 2(2)(b) (with reg. 5(1))
Textual Amendments
F113Ss. 120D-120I and cross-heading inserted (28.6.2022 so far as it relates to ss. 120D-120H, 9.12.2022 so far as it relates to s. 120I) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 31, 170(4)(a)(c); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(d); S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(a)
(1)This section applies for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England.
(2)“Higher-risk building” means a building in England that—
(a)is at least 18 metres in height or has at least 7 storeys, and
(b)is of a description specified in regulations made by the Secretary of State.
(3)The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision supplementing this section.
(4)The regulations may in particular—
(a)define “building” or “storey” for the purposes of this section;
(b)make provision about how the height of a building is to be determined for those purposes;
(c)provide that “higher-risk building” does not include a building of a specified description.
(5)Regulations made by virtue of subsection (4)(a) may in particular define “building” so as to provide that it includes—
(a)any other structure or erection of any kind (whether temporary or permanent);
(b)any vehicle, vessel or other movable object of any kind, in such circumstances as may be specified.
(6)The Secretary of State may by regulations amend this section (other than subsection (1) or (3) or this subsection).
(7)For the meaning of “higher-risk building work” see section 91ZA.
(1)Before making regulations under section 120D, the Secretary of State must consult—
(a)the regulator, and
(b)such other persons as the Secretary of State considers appropriate.
(2)But the regulator need not be consulted if—
(a)the regulations give effect to a recommendation made by the regulator under section 120G, or
(b)the Secretary of State has under section 120H asked the regulator for advice about the description of building in question.
(1)This section applies if the Secretary of State proposes to make regulations under section 120D that would result in a description of building (including anything within subsection (5) of that section) becoming a higher-risk building for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England.
(2)The Secretary of State must ask the regulator under section 120H(1) for advice about the description of building, except where the regulations would give effect to a recommendation under section 120G(2).
(3)The Secretary of State must carry out a cost-benefit analysis and publish it.
(4)In this section “cost-benefit analysis” means—
(a)an analysis of the costs together with an analysis of the benefits that will arise if the regulations are made, and
(b)an estimate of those costs and of those benefits (subject to subsection (5)).
(5)If, in the opinion of the Secretary of State—
(a)the costs or benefits cannot reasonably be estimated, or
(b)it is not reasonably practicable to produce an estimate,
the cost-benefit analysis need not estimate them, but must include a statement of the Secretary of State’s opinion and an explanation for it.
(1)Subsection (2) applies if, in respect of any description of building that is not a higher-risk building, the regulator considers—
(a)that a building safety risk is greater for that description of buildings than it is for buildings that are not of that description,
(b)that if the risk materialised as regards a building of that description it would have the potential to cause a major incident, and
(c)that buildings of that description should be higher-risk buildings for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England.
(2)The regulator must—
(a)recommend to the Secretary of State that buildings of that description should be higher-risk buildings for the purposes of this Act, and
(b)give the Secretary of State a statement of its assessment of the issues it considered when deciding to make the recommendation.
(3)If, following a recommendation, the Secretary of State decides not to make regulations under section 120D giving effect to the recommendation, the Secretary of State must publish a document setting out—
(a)the regulator’s recommendation,
(b)the Secretary of State’s decision not to make the regulations, and
(c)the reasons for that decision.
(4)If the regulator considers that a particular description of higher-risk building should cease to be a higher-risk building for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England, it must make a recommendation to the Secretary of State to that effect.
(5)In this section—
“building safety risk” means a risk to the safety of people in or about a building arising from any of the following occurring as regards the building—
the spread of fire;
structural failure;
any other matter prescribed by regulations under section 62 of the Building Safety Act 2022 in relation to all buildings, or in relation to a description of building that includes the building;
“major incident” means an incident resulting in—
a significant number of deaths, or
serious injury to a significant number of people.
(1)Subsections (2) to (5) apply if the Secretary of State asks the regulator for advice as to whether a specified description of building should be a higher-risk building for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England.
(2)The regulator must consider whether the following conditions are met—
(a)the first condition is that a building safety risk is greater for that description of buildings than it is for buildings that are not of that description;
(b)the second condition is that, if the risk materialised as regards a building of that description, it would have the potential to cause a major incident;
(c)the third condition is that buildings of that description should be higher-risk buildings for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England.
(3)The regulator must—
(a)if the conditions mentioned in subsection (2) are met, recommend to the Secretary of State that buildings of that description should be higher-risk buildings for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England;
(b)otherwise, recommend to the Secretary of State that buildings of that description should not be higher-risk buildings for those purposes.
(4)The regulator must give the Secretary of State a statement of its assessment of the issues it considered in relation to the recommendation under subsection (3).
(5)If, following a recommendation under subsection (3)(a), the Secretary of State decides not to make regulations under section 120D giving effect to the recommendation, the Secretary of State must publish a document setting out—
(a)the regulator’s recommendation,
(b)the Secretary of State’s decision not to make the regulations, and
(c)the reasons for that decision.
(6)If requested, the regulator must provide advice to the Secretary of State as to whether a specified description of building should cease to be a higher-risk building for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to England.
(7)In this section—
“building safety risk” has the meaning given by section 120G;
“major incident” has the meaning given by that section;
“specified” means specified in the request.
(1)This section applies for the purposes of this Act as it applies in relation to Wales.
(2)“Higher-risk building” means a building of a description specified in regulations made by the Welsh Ministers.
(3)“Higher-risk building work” means any work relating to a higher-risk building or a proposed higher-risk building, including—
(a)any work relating to a building that is not a higher-risk building that causes it to become such a building, and
(b)any work relating to a higher-risk building that causes it to cease to be such a building.
(4)The Welsh Ministers may by regulations define “building” for the purposes of this section.
(5)The regulations may in particular provide that “building” includes—
(a)any other structure or erection of any kind (whether temporary or permanent);
(b)any vehicle, vessel or other movable object of any kind, in such circumstances as may be specified.]
(1)The word “building”, for the purposes of—
(a)Part I of this Act, and
(b)any other enactment (whether or not contained in this Act) that relates to building regulations, or that mentions “buildings” or “a building” in a context from which it appears that those expressions are there intended to have the same meaning as in Part I of this Act,
means any permanent or temporary building, and, unless the context otherwise requires, it includes any other structure or erection of whatever kind or nature (whether permanent or temporary).
(2)In subsection (1) above, “structure or erection” includes a vehicle, vessel, hovercraft, aircraft or other movable object of any kind in such circumstances as may be prescribed (being circumstances that in the opinion of the [F114appropriate national authority] justify treating it for those purposes as a building).
(3)For the purposes mentioned in subsection (1) above, unless the context otherwise requires—
(a)a reference to a building includes a reference to part of a building and
(b)a reference to the provision of services, fittings and equipment in or in connection with buildings, or to services, fittings and equipment so provided, includes a reference to the affixing of things to buildings or, as the case may be, to things so affixed.
[F115(4)Nothing in this section applies in relation to section 120D or 120I.]
Textual Amendments
F114Words in s. 121(2) substituted (28.6.2022 for E., 9.12.2022 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 78(2); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 42; S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(c)(iii)
F115S. 121(4) inserted (28.6.2022 for E., 9.12.2022 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 78(3); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 42; S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(c)(iii)
(1)In this Act “building control authority” means—
(a)the regulator, in cases where section 91ZA or 91ZB provides that the regulator is the building control authority;
(b)the local authority mentioned in subsection (2), in any other case.
(2)That local authority is—
(a)if, by virtue of regulations made under section 91ZD (higher-risk buildings in Wales: local authority work), a designated local authority is the building control authority, that local authority;
(b)otherwise, the local authority for the area in which the building is situated or the proposed building is to be situated.]
Textual Amendments
F116S. 121A inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for W., 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), ss. 32(4), 170(4)(b)(c); S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(m); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(a); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(f) (with reg. 4)
In this Act—
(a)“building regulations” means, subject to paragraph (b) below, regulations made under section 1 above;
(b)a reference to building regulations, in a particular case in relation to which a requirement of building regulations is for the time being dispensed with, waived, relaxed or modified by virtue of section 8 or 11 above or any other enactment, is a reference to building regulations as they apply in that case, unless the context otherwise requires.
(1)For the purposes of—
(a)Part I of this Act, and
(b)any other enactment (whether or not contained in this Act) that relates to building regulations, or that mentions “buildings” or “a building” in a context from which it appears that those expressions are there intended to have the same meaning as in the said Part I,
references to the construction or erection of a building include references to—
(i)the carrying out of such operations (whether for the reconstruction of a building, the roofing over of an open space between walls or buildings, or otherwise) as may be designated in building regulations as operations falling to be treated for those purposes as the construction or erection of a building, and
(ii)the conversion of a movable object into what is by virtue of section 121(1) and (2) above a building.
and “construct” and “erect” shall be construed accordingly.
(2)For the purposes of Part III of this Act, each of the following operations is deemed to be the erection of a building—
(a)the re-erection of a building or part of a building when an outer wall of that building or, as the case may be, that part of a building has been pulled down, or burnt down, to within 10 feet of the surface of the ground adjoining the lowest storey of the building or of that part of the building,
(b)the re-erection of a frame building or part of a frame building when that building or part of a building has been so far pulled down, or burnt down, as to leave only the framework of the lowest storey of the building or of that part of the building,
(c)the roofing over of an open space between walls or buildings,
and “erect” shall be construed accordingly.
[F117In this Act, a reference to the deposit of plans in accordance with building regulations is a reference to the deposit of plans in accordance with building regulations for the purposes of section 16 above, unless the context otherwise requires.]
Textual Amendments
F117S. 124 omitted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 79; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxx) (with reg. 3)
(1)A reference in Part I of this Act to the construction of a sewer includes a reference to the extension of an existing sewer.
(2)For the purposes of sections 64(2) and 66(1) above, a building or proposed building—
(a)is not deemed to have a sufficient water supply available unless—
(i)it has a sufficient supply of water laid on, or
(ii)such a supply can be laid on to it from a point within 100 feet of the site of the building or proposed building, and the intervening land is land through which the owner of the building or proposed building is, or will be, entitled to lay a communication pipe, and
(b)is not deemed to have a sewer available unless—
(i)there is within 100 feet of the site of the building or proposed building, and at a level that makes it reasonably practicable to construct a drain to communicate with it, a public sewer or other sewer that the owner of the building or proposed building is, or will be, entitled to use, and
(ii)the intervening land is land through which he is entitled to construct a drain.
(3)The limit of 100 feet does not apply, for the purposes of subsection (2) above, if the local authority undertake to bear so much of the expenses reasonably incurred in—
(a)constructing, and maintaining and repairing, a drain to communicate with a sewer, or
(b)laying, and maintaining and repairing, a pipe for the purpose of obtaining a supply of water,
as the case may be, as is attributable of the fact that the distance of the sewer, or of the point from which a supply of water can be laid on, exceeds 100 feet.
(1)In the relevant provisions references to work include a material change of use as defined by building regulations.
(2)The appropriate national authority may by regulations provide that in a specified relevant provision references to work include any specified matter.
(3)“Relevant provision” means any provision of the following—
(a)Part 1 except sections 2(3) to (5), 20(9), 21(7), 22(2), 33(3A), 36, 37 and paragraph 1G of Schedule 1;
(b)Part 2;
(c)Part 2A;
(e)section 101A;
(f)section 105C;
(g)section 120I (3).
(4)In this section “specified” means specified by regulations under this section.]
Textual Amendments
F118S. 125A inserted (6.4.2023 for specified purposes except in relation to W., 5.9.2023 for W. for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W. in so far as not already in force) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 80; S.I. 2023/362, reg. 3(1)(w)(v); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 29; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxxi); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
“Act” includes an enactment contained in a local Act;
[F119“appropriate court or tribunal” means—
in relation to England, the tribunal;
in relation to Wales, a magistrates’ court;]
[F119“appropriate national authority” means—
in relation to England, the Secretary of State;
in relation to Wales, the Welsh Ministers;]
F120...
“authorised officer”, in relation to a local authority, means—
an officer of the local authority authorised by them in writing, either generally or specially, to act in matters of a specified kind or in a specified matter, or
by virtue of his appointment and for the purpose of matters within his province, a proper officer of the local authority F121. . .;
[F119“building control approval” has the meaning given by paragraph 1B of Schedule 1;]
[F119“building control authority” has the meaning given by section 121A;]
“cesspool” includes a settlement tank or other tank for the reception or disposal of foul matter from buildings;
“closet” includes privy;
“contravention” includes failure to comply, and “contravene” has a corresponding meaning;
[F119“the data protection legislation” has the same meaning as in the Data Protection Act 2018 (see section 3 of that Act);]
F122. . .
“drain” means a drain used for the drainage of one building or of buildings or yards appurtenant to buildings within the same curtilage, and includes any manholes, ventilating shafts, pumps or other accessories belonging to the drain;
“earth-closet” means a closet having a movable receptacle for the reception of faecal matter and its deodorisation by the use of earth, ashes or chemicals, or by other methods;
“enactment” includes an enactment contained in a local Act;
“factory” has the meaning given by section 175 of the M5Factories Act 1961;
[F123“fire and rescue authority” in relation to any premises or proposed premises, means—
where the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 applies to the premises or proposed premises, the enforcing authority within the meaning given by article 25 of that Order;
in any other case, the fire and rescue authority under the Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 for the area in which the premises are or are to be situated;]
“functions” includes powers and duties;
[F119“higher-risk building”—
in relation to England, has the meaning given by section 120D;
in relation to Wales, has the meaning given by section 120I;]
[F119“higher-risk building work”—
in relation to England, has the meaning given by section 91ZA;
in relation to Wales, has the meaning given by section 120I;]
“highway authority” means, in the case of a highway repairable by the inhabitants at large, the council in whom the highway is vested;
“house” means a dwelling-house, whether a private dwelling-house or not;
“inner London” means the area comprising the inner London boroughs, the City of London, the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple;
“joint board” has the meaning given by section 343(1) of the M6Public Health Act 1936;
F124 . . .
“local Act” includes a provisional order confirmed by Parliament, and the confirming Act so far as it relates to that order;
[F125 “local authority” means the council of a district or London borough, the Common Council of the City of London, the Sub-Treasurer of the Inner Temple, the Under Treasurer of the Middle Temple or, for the purposes of Parts I and II above and of this Part so far as it relates to them, the Council of the Isles of Scilly [F126 but, in relation to Wales, means the council of a county or county borough;];]
[F119“maximum summary term for either-way offences”, with reference to imprisonment for an offence, means—
if the offence is committed before the time when paragraph 24(2) of Schedule 22 to the Sentencing Act 2020 comes into force, 6 months;
if the offence is committed after that time, 12 months;]
“modifications” includes additions, omissions and amendments, and related expressions shall be construed accordingly;
“officer” includes servant;
“owner” means the person for the time being receiving the rackrent of the premises in connection with which the word is used, whether on his own account or as agent or trustee for another person, or who would so receive it if those premises were let at a rackrent;
“plans” includes drawings of any other description, and also specifications or other information in any form;
“prejudicial to health” means injurious, or likely to cause injury, to health;
“premises” includes buildings, land, easements and hereditaments of any tenure;
“prescribed” means prescribed by building regulations;
“private sewer” means a sewer that is not a public sewer;
“proper officer”, in relation to a purpose and to a local authority, means an officer appointed for that purpose by that authority;
[F127“public sewer” has the same meaning as in the [F128 Water Industry Act 1991];]
“rackrent”, in relation to property, means a rent that is not less than two-thirds of the rent at which the property might reasonably be expected to let from year to year, free from all usual tenant’s rates and taxes, and deducting from it the probable average annual cost of the repairs, insurance and other expenses (if any) necessary to maintain the property in a state to command such rent;
“rating district” has the meaning given by section 115(1) of the M7General Rate Act 1967;
[F129“registered building control approver” has the meaning given by section 58N;]
[F129“registered building inspector” has the meaning given by section 58B;]
[F119“the regulator” means the Health and Safety Executive;]
[F129“regulatory authority” has the meaning given by section 58A;]
F130...
“sanitary convenience” means closet or urinal;
“school” includes a Sunday school or a Sabbath school;
“sewer” does not include a drain as defined in this section, but otherwise it includes all sewers and drains used for the drainage of buildings and yards appurtenant to buildings, and any manholes, ventilating shafts, pumps or other accessories belonging to the sewer;
F131. . .
F131. . .
“statutory undertakers” means persons authorised by an enactment or statutory order to construct, work or carry on a railway, canal, inland navigation, dock, harbour, tramway, F132. . . F133. . . , F134. . . or other public undertaking; [F135but does not include a universal service provider [F136(within the meaning of Part 3 of the Postal Services Act 2011) or a relevant company (within the meaning of Part 4 of the Postal Services Act 2000)];]
F137. . .
“street” includes a highway, including a highway over a bridge, and a road, lane, footway, square, court, alley or passage, whether a thoroughfare or not;
“substantive requirements”, in relation to building regulations, means the requirements of building regulations with respect to the [F138matters mentioned in section 1(1A) above] (including requirements imposed by virtue of section 2(1) or (2)(a) or (b) above) [F139and requirements that are of a kind mentioned in subsection (2)(a), (b) or (c) of section 2A above and are imposed by virtue of subsection (1) of that section], as distinct from procedural requirements;
“surface water” includes water from roofs;
[F119“the tribunal” means the First-tier Tribunal;]
“water-closet” means a closet that has a separate fixed receptacle connected to a drainage system and separate provision for flushing from a supply of clean water either by the operation of mechanism or by automatic action;
“workplace” does not include a factory, but otherwise it includes any place in which persons are employed otherwise than in domestic service.
Textual Amendments
F119Words in s. 126 inserted (28.6.2022 for E. for specified purposes, 9.12.2022 for W. for specified purposes, 5.9.2023 for W. for specified purposes, 1.10.2023 in so far as not already in force except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W. in so far as not already in force) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 81(2); S.I. 2022/561, reg. 3(f), Sch. para. 44; S.I. 2022/1287, reg. 2(c)(iv); S.I. 2023/914, reg. 2(b)(xiii), Sch. para. 30; S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxxii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F120Words in s. 126 omitted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 4 para. 14(a); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(b) (with reg. 3); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(x) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F121Words repealed by Local Government Act 1985 (c. 51, SIF 81:1), s. 102, Sch. 17
F122Definition of “district surveyor” repealed by Local Government Act 1985 (c. 51, SIF 81:1), s. 102, Sch. 17
F123Definition "fire and rescue authority" in s. 126 substituted (1.10.2006) by Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/1541), art. 1(3), Sch. 2 para. 33(8) (with art. 49) (as amended by The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Subordinate Provisions Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/484), arts. 1(1), 2)
F124Definition of “limits of supply” repealed by Water Act 1989 (c. 15, SIF 130), ss. 58(7), 101(1), 141(6), 160(1)(2)(4), 163, 189(4)–(10), 190, 193(1), Sch. 26 paras. 3(1)(2), 17, 40(4), 41(1), 57(6), 58, Sch. 27 Pt. I
F125Definition of “local authority” substituted by Local Government Act 1985 (c. 51, SIF 81:1), s. 102, Sch. 8 para. 14(4)(a)
F126Words in s. 126 inserted (1.4.1996) by 1994 c. 19, s. 22(3), Sch. 9 para. 15(3) (with ss. 54(5)(7),55(5) Sch. 17 paras. 22(1), 23(2); S.I. 1996/396, art. 3, Sch.1
F127Definition of “public sewer” substituted by Water Act 1989 (c. 15, SIF 130), ss. 58(7), 101(1), 141(6), 160(1)(2)(4), 163, 189(4)–(10), 190, 193(1), Sch. 25 para. 70(4), Sch. 26 paras. 3(1)(2), 17, 40(4), 57(6), 58
F128Words in s. 126 substituted (1.12.1991) by Water Consolidation (Consequential Provisions) Act 1991 (c. 60, SIF 130), ss. 2(1), 4(2), Sch. 1 para. 39(6).
F129Words in s. 126 inserted (6.4.2024 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 4 para. 14(b); S.I. 2024/104, reg. 2(b) (with reg. 3); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(x) (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F130Words in s. 126 omitted (1.10.2023 except in relation to W., 6.4.2024 for W.) by virtue of Building Safety Act 2022 (c. 30), s. 170(4)(b)(c), Sch. 5 para. 81(3); S.I. 2023/993, reg. 2(n)(xxxii); S.I. 2024/207, reg. 2(d)(xi), Sch. (with regs. 3, 4, 8-12)
F131Definitions in s. 126 repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt. XIV Group 2.
F132Word repealed by Gas Act 1986 (c. 44, SIF 44:2), ss. 67(3)(4), Sch. 8 para. 17, Sch. 9 Pt. I
F133Word repealed by Electricity Act 1989 (c. 29, SIF 44:1), s. 112(4), Sch. 18
F134Word repealed by Water Act 1989 (c. 15, SIF 130), ss. 58(7), 101(1), 141(6), 160(1)(2)(4), 163, 189(4)–(10), 190, 193(1), Sch. 26 paras. 3(1)(2), 17, 40(4), 41(1), 57(6), 58, Sch. 27 Pt. I
F135Words in s. 126 inserted (26.3.2001) by The Postal Services Act 2000 (Consequential Modifications No. 1) Order 2001 (S.I. 2001/1149), art. 3(1), Sch. 1 para. 61
F136Words in s. 126 substituted (1.10.2011) by Postal Services Act 2011 (c. 5), s. 93(2)(3), Sch. 12 para. 122; S.I. 2011/2329, art. 3
F137Definition of “statutory water undertakers” repealed by Water Act 1989 (c. 15, SIF 130), ss. 58(7), 101(1), 141(6), 160(1)(2)(4), 163, 189(4)–(10), 190, 193(1), Sch. 26 paras. 3(1)(2), 17, 40(4), 41(1), 57(6), 58, Sch. 27 Pt. I
F138Words in s. 126 substituted (16.11.2004) by Sustainable and Secure Buildings Act 2004 (c. 22), ss. 1(4), 11(4)
F139Words in s. 126 inserted (16.11.2004) by Sustainable and Secure Buildings Act 2004 (c. 22), ss. 4(5), 11(4)
Marginal Citations
In relation to the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple, a reference in a provision of this Part of this Act to the proper officer or an officer or authorised officer of a local authority is a reference to an officer authorised by the Sub-Treasurer or the Under Treasurer, as the case may be, to act for the purposes of that provision.
Section 333 of the M8Public Health Act 1936 applies in relation to local authorities acting under this Act as it applies in relation to local authorities acting under that Act.
Marginal Citations
Nothing in this Act about the recovery of expenses from owners of premises affects the M9Local Land Charges Act 1975.
Marginal Citations
All powers and duties conferred or imposed by this Act are in addition to, and not in derogation of, any other powers and duties conferred or imposed by Act, law or custom, and subject to any express provision of this Act, all such other powers and duties may be exercised and shall be performed in the same manner as if this Act had not been passed.
This Part has effect subject to paragraph 13 of Schedule 3 to this Act.
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