Finance Act 2005

Part 1 U.K. Excise duties

Tobacco products duty U.K.

1 Rates of tobacco products duty U.K.

(1) For the Table of rates of duty in Schedule 1 to the Tobacco Products Duty Act 1979 (c. 7) substitute—

“Table

1.Cigarettes	An amount equal to 22 per cent of the retail price plus £102.39 per thousand cigarettes.
2.Cigars	£149.12 per kilogram.
3.Hand-rolling tobacco	£107.18 per kilogram.
4.Other smoking tobacco and chewing tobacco	£65.56 per kilogram.”

(2) This section shall be deemed to have come into force at 6 o'clock in the evening of 16th March 2005.

Alcoholic liquor duties U.K.

2 Rate of duty on beer U.K.

(1) In section 36(1AA)(a) of ALDA 1979 (rate of duty on beer) for “£12.59” substitute “ £12.92 ”.

(2) This section shall be deemed to have come into force at midnight on 20th March 2005.

3 Rates of duty on wine and made-wine U.K.

(1) For Part 1 of the Table of rates of duty in Schedule 1 to ALDA 1979 (rates of duty on wine and made-wine) substitute—

“Part 1 U.K. Wine and made-wine of a strength not exceeding 22 per cent

Description of wine or made-wine	Rates of duty per hectolitre
	£
Wine or made-wine of a strength not exceeding 4 per cent	51.69
Wine or made-wine of a strength exceeding 4 per cent but not exceeding 5.5 per cent	71.07
Wine or made-wine of a strength exceeding 5.5 per cent but not exceeding 15 per cent and not sparkling	167.72
Sparkling wine or sparkling made-wine of a strength exceeding 5.5 per cent but less than 8.5 per cent	166.70
Sparkling wine or sparkling made-wine of a strength of 8.5 per cent or of a strength exceeding 8.5 per cent but not exceeding 15 per cent	220.54
Wine or made-wine of a strength exceeding 15 per cent but not exceeding 22 per cent	223.62”

(2) This section shall be deemed to have come into force at midnight on 20th March 2005.

Hydrocarbon oil etc duties U.K.

4 Consolidation of current rates of hydrocarbon oil duties etc. U.K.

(1) HODA 1979 is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1A) of section 6 (hydrocarbon oil: rates of duty)—

(a) in paragraph (a) (ultra low sulphur petrol), for “£0.4902” substitute “ £0.4710 ”,

(b) in paragraph (aa) (sulphur-free petrol), for “£0.4852” substitute “ £0.4710 ”,

(c) in paragraph (b) (light oil other than ultra low sulphur petrol and sulphur-free petrol), for “£0.5790” substitute “ £0.5620 ”,

(d) in paragraph (c) (ultra low sulphur diesel), for “£0.4902” substitute “ £0.4710 ”,

(e) in paragraph (ca) (sulphur-free diesel), for “£0.4852” substitute “ £0.4710 ”, and

(f) in paragraph (d) (heavy oil other than ultra low sulphur diesel and sulphur-free diesel), for “£0.5487” substitute “ £0.5327 ”.

(3) In subsection (3) of that section (aviation gasoline), for “(1A) above in relation to light oil” substitute “ (1A)(b) above ”.

(4) In section 6AA(3) (biodiesel), for “£0.2852” substitute “ £0.2710 ”.

(5) In section 6AD(3) (bioethanol), for “£0.2852” substitute “ £0.2710 ”.

(6) In section 8(3) (road fuel gas)—

(a) in paragraph (a) (natural road fuel gas), for “£0.1110” substitute “ £0.0900 ”, and

(b) in paragraph (b) (other road fuel gas), for “£0.1303” substitute “ £0.0900 ”.

(7) In section 11(1) (rebate on heavy oil)—

(a) in paragraph (a) (fuel oil), for “£0.0624” substitute “ £0.0482 ”,

(b) in paragraph (b) (gas oil which is not ultra low sulphur diesel), for “£0.0664” substitute “ £0.0522 ”, and

(c) in paragraph (ba) (ultra low sulphur diesel), for “£0.0664” substitute “ £0.0522 ”.

(8) In section 13AA(1) (restrictions on use of rebated kerosene), for “for rebated gas oil which is then in force, instead of at the rate then in force under section 11(1)(c) above” substitute “ then in force under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of section 11, instead of at the rate then in force under paragraph (c) of that subsection ”.

(9) In section 13A(1) (rebate on unleaded petrol), for “£0.0620” substitute “ £0.0601 ”.

(10) In section 14(1) (rebate on light oil for use as furnace oil), for “£0.0624” substitute “ £0.0482 ”.

(11) In consequence of the preceding provisions the following instruments are revoked—

(a) the Excise Duties (Surcharges or Rebates) (Hydrocarbon Oils etc.) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/2063),

(b) the Excise Duties (Road Fuel Gas) (Reliefs) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/2069),

(c) the Excise Duties (Surcharges or Rebates) (Hydrocarbon Oils etc.) (Amendment) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/3160), and

(d) the Excise Duties (Surcharges or Rebates) (Bioethanol) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/3162).

(12) This section comes into force on the day on which this Act is passed.

5 Rates of hydrocarbon oil duties etc. from 1st September 2005 U.K.

(1) HODA 1979 is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1A) of section 6 (hydrocarbon oil: rates of duty)—

(a) in paragraph (a) (ultra low sulphur petrol), for “£0.4710” substitute “ £0.4832 ”,

(b) in paragraph (aa) (sulphur-free petrol), for “£0.4710” substitute “ £0.4832 ”,

(c) in paragraph (b) (light oil other than ultra low sulphur petrol and sulphur-free petrol), for “£0.5620” substitute “ £0.5766 ”,

(d) in paragraph (c) (ultra low sulphur diesel), for “£0.4710” substitute “ £0.4832 ”,

(e) in paragraph (ca) (sulphur-free diesel), for “£0.4710” substitute “ £0.4832 ”, and

(f) in paragraph (d) (heavy oil other than ultra low sulphur diesel and sulphur-free diesel), for “£0.5327” substitute “ £0.5465 ”.

(3) In section 6AA(3) (biodiesel), for “£0.2710” substitute “ £0.2832 ”.

(4) In section 6AD(3) (bioethanol), for “£0.2710” substitute “ £0.2832 ”.

(5) In section 8(3) (road fuel gas)—

(a) in paragraph (a) (natural road fuel gas), for “£0.0900” substitute “ £0.1080 ”, and

(b) in paragraph (b) (other road fuel gas), for “£0.0900” substitute “ £0.1270 ”.

(6) In section 11(1) (rebate on heavy oil)—

(a) in paragraph (a) (fuel oil), for “£0.0482” substitute “ £0.0604 ”,

(b) in paragraph (b) (gas oil which is not ultra low sulphur diesel), for “£0.0522” substitute “ £0.0644 ”, and

(c) in paragraph (ba) (ultra low sulphur diesel), for “£0.0522” substitute “ £0.0644 ”.

(7) In section 13A(1) (rebate on unleaded petrol), for “£0.0601” substitute “ £0.0617 ”.

(8) In section 14(1) (rebate on light oil for use as furnace oil), for “£0.0482” substitute “ £0.0604 ”.

(9) This section comes into force on 1st September 2005.

Gaming duty U.K.

6 Rates of gaming duty U.K.

(1) For the Table in section 11(2) of FA 1997 (rates of gaming duty) substitute—

“Table

Part of gross gaming yield	Rate
The first £534,500	2.5 per cent.
The next £1,186,500	12.5 per cent.
The next £1,186,500	20 per cent.
The next £2,078,000	30 per cent.
The remainder	40 per cent.”

(2) This section has effect in relation to accounting periods beginning on or after 1st April 2005.

Vehicle excise duty U.K.

7 Rates U.K.

(1) VERA 1994 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 4 (vehicle licences: amount of duty), omit—

(a) subsection (3)(treatment of fractions of five pence in determining rate of duty on six month licence which is set at 55% of annual rate), and

(b) in subsection (7)(power to amend or repeal by order), “or (3)”.

(3) In section 13(3)(b) (trade licences: annual rate of duty for licences not to be used only for motorcycles not exceeding 450 kilograms in weight unladen) as currently in force, for “annual rate currently applicable to a vehicle under paragraph 1(2) of Schedule 1” substitute “ basic goods vehicle rate currently applicable ”.

(4) In section 13(4)(b) (trade licences: annual rate of duty for licences not to be used only for motorcycles not exceeding 450 kilogrammes in weight unladen) as set out in paragraph 8(1) of Schedule 4 to have effect on and after a day appointed by order, for “annual rate currently applicable to a vehicle under paragraph 1(2) of Schedule 1” substitute “ basic goods vehicle rate currently applicable ”.

(5) In both versions of section 13, after subsection (6) insert—

“(7) In this section “the basic goods vehicle rate” means the annual rate applicable, by virtue of sub-paragraph (1) of paragraph 9 of Schedule 1, to a rigid goods vehicle which—

(a) is not a vehicle with respect to which the reduced pollution requirements are satisfied, and

(b) falls within column (3) of the table in that sub-paragraph and has a revenue weight exceeding 3,500 kilograms and not exceeding 7,500 kilograms.”

(6) In sections 35A(5) and 36(3) (dishonoured cheques: appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty), for the words from “to the annual rate” to “(or” substitute—

“(a) in the case of a vehicle licence, to the annual rate which at the beginning of the relevant period was applicable to a vehicle of the description specified in the application, or

(b) in the case of a trade licence, to the basic goods vehicle rate (within the meaning of section 13) which was applicable at that time (or to the annual rate which at that time was applicable”.

(7) Schedule 1 (annual rates of duty) is amended as follows.

(8) In paragraph 1(2) (general rate of duty except in case of vehicle with engine with cylinder capacity not exceeding 1,549 cubic centimetres), for “£165” substitute “ £170 ”.

(9) For the Table in paragraph 1B (rates of duty applicable to light passenger vehicles registered on or after 1st March 2001 on basis of certificate specifying CO₂ emissions figure) substitute—

“CO2 emissions figure		Rate
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
Exceeding	Not exceeding	Reduced rate	Standard rate	Premium rate
g/km	g/km	£	£	£
	100	55	65	75
100	120	65	75	85
120	150	95	105	115
150	165	115	125	135
165	185	140	150	160
185		160	165	170”

(10) In paragraph 3(1A) (rate applicable to buses with respect to which reduced pollution requirements are satisfied), for “the general rate specified in paragraph 1(2)” substitute “ £165 ”.

(11) In paragraph 7(3A)(b) (rate applicable to haulage vehicles which are not showman's vehicles and with respect to which reduced pollution requirements are satisfied), for “the general rate specified in paragraph 1(2)” substitute “ £165 ”.

(12) In paragraph 10 (trailer supplement)—

(a) in sub-paragraph (2) (rate where plated gross weight of trailer exceeds 4,000 kilograms but does not exceed 12,000 kilograms), for “an amount equal to the amount of the general rate specified in paragraph 1(2)” substitute “ £165 ”,

(b) in sub-paragraph (3) (rate where plated gross weight of trailer exceeds 12,000 kilograms), for “an amount equal to 140 per cent of the amount of the general rate specified in paragraph 1(2)” substitute “ £230 ”, and

(c) omit sub-paragraphs (3A) and (3B)(rounding of rate set under sub-paragraph (3) as percentage of general rate specified in paragraph 1(2)).

(13) Subsection (2), and subsection (1) so far as relating to it, have effect on the day on which this Act is passed.

(14) Subsection (4), and subsections (1) and (5) so far as relating to it, have effect on and after that day.

(15) Subsection (6), and subsection (1) so far as relating to it, have effect on and after 17th March 2005.

(16) Subject to that, this section has effect in relation to licences taken out on or after 17th March 2005 for a period beginning on or after 1st April 2005.

Part 2 U.K. Income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax

Chapter 1 U.K. Income tax and corporation tax charge and rate bands

Income tax U.K.

F1 8 Charge and rates for 2005-06 U.K.

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Textual Amendments

F1 S. 8 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F2 9 Personal allowances for those aged 65 or more U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F2 S. 9 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

Corporation tax U.K.

10 Charge and main rate for financial year 2006 U.K.

Corporation tax shall be charged for the financial year 2006 at the rate of 30%.

11 Small companies' rate and fraction for financial year 2005 U.K.

For the financial year 2005—

(a) the small companies' rate shall be 19%, and

(b) the fraction mentioned in section 13(2) of ICTA (marginal relief for small companies) shall be 11/400ths.

12 Corporation tax starting rate and fraction for financial year 2005 U.K.

For the financial year 2005—

(a) the corporation tax starting rate shall be 0%, and

(b) the fraction mentioned in section 13AA of ICTA (marginal relief for small companies) shall be 19/400ths.

13 Non-corporate distribution rate for financial year 2005 U.K.

The non-corporate distribution rate for the financial year 2005 shall be 19%.

Trusts U.K.

F3 14 Special trust rates not to apply to first slice of trust income U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F3 S. 14 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

Chapter 2 U.K. Personal taxation

Taxable benefits U.K.

15 Childcare vouchers: exempt amount U.K.

(1) Section 270A of ITEPA 2003 (limited exemption for qualifying childcare vouchers) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (6) (exempt amount), for “£50 for each qualifying week in that year” substitute “the sum of—

(a) £50 for each qualifying week in that year, and

(b) the voucher administration costs for that year.”

(3) After that subsection insert—

“(6A) The “voucher administration costs” for any tax year in respect of which qualifying childcare vouchers are provided for an employee means the difference between the cost of provision of the vouchers and their face value.

The face value of a voucher is the amount stated on or recorded in the voucher as the value of the provision of care for a child that may be obtained by using it.”

(4) After subsection (10) insert—

“(10A) In this section “ cost of provision”, in relation to a childcare voucher, has the meaning given in section 87(3) and (3A).”

(5) This section has effect for the year 2005-06 and subsequent years of assessment.

16 Extension of exemptions for childcare, workplace parking, cycles etc U.K.

(1) ITEPA 2003 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 237(1) (exemption for provision of workplace parking), for “No liability to income tax arises by virtue of Chapter 10 of Part 3 (taxable benefits: residual liability to charge)” substitute “ No liability to income tax arises ”.

(3) In section 244(1) (exemption for provision of cycles and cyclist's safety equipment), for “No liability to income tax arises by virtue of Chapter 10 of Part 3 (taxable benefits: residual liability to charge)” substitute “ No liability to income tax arises ”.

(4) In section 270A(1) (limited exemption for qualifying childcare vouchers), for “employee, liability” substitute “employee—

(a) no liability to income tax arises by virtue of section 62 (general definition of earnings), and

(b) liability”.

(5) In section 318(1) (childcare: exemption for employer-provided care), for “No liability to income tax arises by virtue of Chapter 10 of Part 3 (taxable benefits: residual liability to charge)” substitute “ No liability to income tax arises ”.

(6) In section 318A(1) (childcare: limited exemption for other care), for “child, liability” substitute “child—

(a) no liability to income tax arises by virtue of section 62 (general definition of earnings), and

(b) liability”.

(7) This section has effect for the year 2005-06 and subsequent years of assessment.

17 Transfer of previously loaned computer or cycle etc U.K.

(1) Section 206 of ITEPA 2003 (cost of the benefit: transfer of used or depreciated asset) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (3)(a), for “a car (within the meaning of Chapter 6)” substitute “ an excluded asset (see subsection (6)) ”.

(3) After subsection (5) insert—

“(6) An excluded asset is—

(a) a car (within the meaning of Chapter 6),

(b) computer equipment that has previously been applied as mentioned in subsection (3)(b) in circumstances in which the conditions set out in section 320 were met, or

(c) a cycle or cyclist's safety equipment that has previously been so applied in circumstances in which the conditions set out in section 244 were met.”

(4) This section has effect for the year 2005-06 and subsequent years of assessment.

18 Extension of outplacement services etc exemption: part-time employees U.K.

(1) ITEPA 2003 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 310 (counselling and other outplacement services) in subsection (4) (person to have been employed full-time in the employment which is ceasing for a specified period) omit “full-time”.

(3) In section 311 (retraining courses) in subsection (3) (conditions to be satisfied in relation to the course)—

(a) at the end of paragraph (b) insert “ and ”;

(b) in paragraph (c) (course to last no more than one year) for “one year” substitute “ two years ”;

(c) omit paragraph (d) (employee to attend the course on a full-time or substantially full-time basis) and the word “and” before it.

(4) In that section, in subsection (4)(c) (person to be employed full-time in the employment which is ceasing for a specified period) omit “full-time”.

(5) This section has effect in relation to the year 2005-06 and subsequent years of assessment.

Armed forces U.K.

19 Armed forces pensions and compensation schemes U.K.

(1) ITEPA 2003 is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1) of section 393 as originally enacted (application of Chapter 2 of Part 6) after “non-approved retirement benefits scheme” insert “ other than a scheme established by an order under section 1(2) of the Armed Forces (Pensions and Compensation) Act 2004 (armed and reserve forces compensation schemes) ”.

(3) In paragraph (a) of section 639 (exemption from income tax for pensions due to military service etc)—

(a) for “the Department of Work and Pensions” substitute “ the Ministry of Defence ”;

(b) for “any Order in Council, Royal Warrant, order or scheme” substitute “ instrument specified in subsection (2), ”.

(4) At the end of section 639 (which becomes subsection (1)) insert—

“(2) The instruments referred to in subsection (1)(a) are—

• Defence (Local Defence Volunteers) Regulations 1940 (S.R. & O. 1940/748),

• War Pensions (Coastguards) Scheme 1944 (S.R. & O. 1944/500),

• War Pensions (Naval Auxiliary Personnel) Scheme 1964 (S.I. 1964/1985),

• Pensions (Polish Forces) Scheme 1964 (S.I. 1964/2007),

• War Pensions (Mercantile Marine) Scheme 1964 (S.I. 1964/2058),

• Order by Her Majesty concerning pensions and other grants in respect of disablement or death due to service in the Home Guard (1964 Cmnd. 2563),

• Order by Her Majesty concerning pensions and other grants in respect of disablement or death due to service in the Home Guard after 27th April 1952 (1964 Cmnd. 2564),

• Order by Her Majesty concerning pensions and other grants in respect of disablement or death due to service in the Ulster Defence Regiment (1971 Cmnd. 4567),

• Personal Injuries (Civilians) Scheme 1983 (S.I. 1983/686),

• Naval, Military and Air Forces etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 1983 (S.I. 1983/883).

(3) The Treasury may by order amend subsection (2).”.

(5) After section 640 insert—

“640A Lump sums provided under armed forces early departure scheme

No liability to income tax arises on a lump sum provided under a scheme established by the Armed Forces Early Departure Payments Scheme Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/437).”.

(6) In section 641 (exemption from income tax for armed forces disability pensions etc), after paragraph (g) of subsection (1) insert—

“(h) a benefit under a scheme established by an order under section 1(2) of the Armed Forces (Pensions and Compensation) Act 2004 payable to a person by reason of his illness or injury—

(i) by way of a lump sum, or

(ii) following the termination of the person's service in the armed forces or reserve forces.”.

(7) The amendment made by subsection (2) has effect for the year 2005-06.

(8) The amendments made by subsections (3) and (4) are deemed always to have had effect.

(9) The amendments made by subsections (5) and (6) have effect for the year 2005-06 and subsequent years of assessment.

Chapter 3 U.K. Employment-related securities

20 Research institution spin-out companies U.K.

(1) In Part 7 of ITEPA 2003 (employment income: income and exemptions relating to securities), after Chapter 4 insert—

“Chapter 4A U.K. Shares in research institution spin-out companies

Introduction U.K.

451 Application of this Chapter

(1) This Chapter applies where—

(a) an agreement is made for one or more transfers of intellectual property (an “intellectual property agreement”) from one or more research institutions to a company (a “spin-out company”),

(b) a person acquires shares (or an interest in shares) in the spin-out company before the intellectual property agreement is made or within the period of 183 days beginning with the date on which it is made,

(c) the right or opportunity to acquire the shares (or interest in shares) was available by reason of employment by the research institution (or any of them) or by the spin-out company, and

(d) the person is involved in research in relation to any of the intellectual property that is the subject of the intellectual property agreement.

(2) But this Chapter does not apply if the avoidance of tax or national insurance is the main purpose (or one of the main purposes) of the arrangements under which the right or opportunity to acquire the shares (or interest in shares) is made available.

Tax relief on acquisition U.K.

452 Market value on acquisition

(1) For the relevant tax purposes the market value of the shares (or interest in shares) at the time of the acquisition is to be calculated disregarding the effect on that market value of the intellectual property agreement and any transfer of intellectual property pursuant to it.

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1) “the relevant tax purposes” are—

(a) determining any amount that is to constitute earnings from the employment under Chapter 1 of Part 3 (earnings),

(b) determining the amount of any gain realised on the occurrence of an event that is a chargeable event by virtue of section 439(3)(a) (conversion),

(c) operating Chapter 3C of this Part (acquisition of securities for less than market value), and

(d) determining any amount that counts as employment income of the employee under Chapter 5 of this Part (securities acquired pursuant to securities option).

Tax relief following acquisition U.K.

453 Taxable amount under Chapter 4

(1) If the shares are (or interest in shares is) acquired before the intellectual property agreement is made, or before any transfer of intellectual property pursuant to it, and any benefit deriving from the intellectual property agreement or any such transfer is received by the employee in connection with the shares (or interest in shares), the taxable amount determined under section 448 (post-acquisition benefits from securities: amount of charge) is to be treated as nil.

(2) But this section does not apply if something which affects the shares (or interest in shares) has been done (at or before the time when the intellectual property agreement is made or intellectual property is transferred) as part of a scheme or arrangement the main purpose (or one of the main purposes) of which is the avoidance of tax or national insurance contributions.

Disapplication of Chapters 2 and 3B U.K.

454 Deemed election for disapplication of Chapter 2

(1) If the shares are restricted securities (or the interest in shares is a restricted interest in securities), the employer and the employee are to be treated as making an election under section 431(1) (election for disapplication of Chapter 2) in relation to the shares (or interest in shares).

(2) But the employer and the employee may agree that subsection (1) is not to apply in relation to the shares (or interest in shares).

(3) An agreement under subsection (2) is irrevocable and—

(a) must be made in a form approved by the Board of the Inland Revenue, and

(b) may not be made more than 14 days after the acquisition.

(4) If the employer and the employee make an agreement under subsection (2) in relation to the shares (or interest in shares), subsection (5) applies for the purposes of determining the taxable amount for the purposes of section 426 (charge on occurrence of chargeable event) on the occurrence on any chargeable event in relation to the shares (or interest in shares).

(5) In determining under section 428(3) (amount of charge) what would have been the market value of the shares (or interest in shares) at the time of the acquisition but for any restrictions (IUMV), that market value is to be calculated disregarding the effect on that market value of the intellectual property agreement and any transfer of intellectual property pursuant to it.

455 Disapplication of Chapter 3B

For the purposes of Chapter 3B (securities with artificially enhanced market value) neither the intellectual property agreement nor any transfer of intellectual property pursuant to it are things done otherwise than for genuine commercial purposes.

Supplementary U.K.

456 Meaning of “intellectual property” and “transfer”

(1) In this Chapter “intellectual property” means—

(a) any patent, trade mark, registered design, copyright or design right, plant breeders' rights or rights under section 7 of the Plant Varieties Act 1997,

(b) any right under the law of a country or territory outside the United Kingdom corresponding to, or similar to, a right within paragraph (a),

(c) any information or technique not protected by a right within paragraph (a) or (b) but having industrial, commercial or other economic value,

(d) any licence or other right in respect of anything within paragraph (a), (b) or (c), or

(e) any goodwill (having the meaning that it has for accounting purposes) associated with anything within paragraphs (a) to (d).

(2) The Treasury may by order amend the definition of “intellectual property” in subsection (1).

(3) For the purposes of this Chapter a transfer of intellectual property includes—

(a) a sale of the intellectual property,

(b) the grant of a licence or other right in respect of it, and

(c) the assignment of a licence or other right in respect of it.

457 Meaning of “research institution”

(1) In this Chapter “research institution” means—

(a) any university or other institution that is a publicly funded institution as defined in section 41(2) of the Higher Education Act 2004, or

(b) any institution that carries out research activities otherwise than for profit and that is neither controlled nor wholly or mainly funded by a person who carries on activities for profit.

(2) The Treasury may by order amend subsection (1) to include in or exclude from the definition of “research institution” a person specified in the order or persons of a description specified in the order.

458 Meaning of “involved in research”

For the purposes of this Chapter a person is involved in research in relation to any intellectual property transferred or to be transferred from one or more research institutions if—

(a) he has been actively engaged for the research institution (or any of them) in connection with research (whether as an employee or otherwise), and

(b) that research is relevant to anything to which the intellectual property relates.

459 Transfer of intellectual property by controlled company

(1) For the purposes of this Chapter where a research institution has control of a company, a transfer of intellectual property from the company is to be treated as a transfer from the research institution.

(2) For the purposes of this Chapter where two or more research institutions together have control of a company, a transfer of intellectual property from the company is to be treated as a transfer from those research institutions.

(3) In this section “control” means control within the meaning of section 416 of ICTA.

460 Definitions

(1) In this Chapter—

• “interest”, in relation to shares, and

• “shares”,

have the meaning indicated in section 420.

(2) In this Chapter “market value” has the meaning indicated in section 421(1).

(3) In this Chapter—

• “the acquisition”,

• “the employee”, and

• “the employer”,

have the meaning indicated in section 421B(8).

(4) In this Chapter—

• “restricted interest in securities”, and

• “restricted securities”,

have the meaning indicated in sections 423 and 424.”

(2) In consequence of the amendment made by subsection (1), Chapter 1 of Part 7 of ITEPA 2003 (income and exemptions relating to securities: introduction) is amended as follows.

(3) Substitute “ 4A ” for “4” in—

(a) subsections (1), (4) and (8) of section 421B,

(b) the heading of and the heading above that section, and

(c) subsections (5) and (6) of section 421D.

(4) In section 421K(3)(g) (reportable events), after “securities)” insert “ or would give rise to such an amount but for Chapter 4A (shares in research institution spin-out companies) ”.

(5) The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to shares (or an interest in shares) acquired before an agreement for the transfer of intellectual property is made, or within the period of 183 days beginning with the date on which such an agreement is made, if—

(a) the date of acquisition of the shares (or interest in shares), or

(b) the date on which the agreement was made,

or both, fell on or after 2nd December 2004.

(6) Where section 454 of ITEPA 2003 (as inserted by subsection (1)) has effect (by virtue of subsection (5)) in relation to shares (or an interest in shares) acquired before 2nd December 2004, it applies in relation to them (or it) so as to treat the election under section 431(1) as made on that date.

(7) Where section 454 of ITEPA 2003 (as inserted by subsection (1)) has effect (by virtue of subsection (5)) in relation to shares (or an interest in shares) acquired before 1st October 2005, it has effect with the substitution in subsection (3)(b) of that section of “later than 15th October 2005” for “more than 14 days after the acquisition of the shares (or interest in shares)”.

21 Research institution spin-out companies: pre-2nd December 2004 cases U.K.

(1) Subsections (2) to (7) have effect where—

(a) Chapter 4A of Part 7 of ITEPA 2003 (as inserted by section 20) would apply but for subsection (5) of that section (commencement), and

(b) an election is made under this subsection by the employee and the employer no later than 15th October 2005.

(2) Section 452(1) and (2)(a), (c) and (d) and section 453(1) of ITEPA 2003 apply.

(3) But when the chargeable event occurs in relation to the shares (or interest in shares), the taxable amount counts as employment income of the employee for the tax year in which the chargeable event occurs.

(4) The chargeable event occurs in relation to the shares (or interest in shares) on the earlier of—

(a) the day on which there is a disposal for consideration of the shares, or any interest in them, by an associated person otherwise than to another associated person, and

(b) the day specified in any election made by an employee under this subsection.

(5) The taxable amount for the purposes of subsection (3) is—

where—

MV is the market value of the shares (or interest in shares) immediately before the occurrence of the chargeable event, and

DA is the total of any deductible amounts.

(6) Each of the following is a deductible amount—

(a) the amount of any consideration given for the acquisition of the shares (or interest in shares),

(b) any amount that constituted earnings from the employee's employment under Chapter 1 of Part 3 of ITEPA 2003 (earnings) in respect of the acquisition of the shares (or interest in shares),

(c) any amount that counted as employment income in relation to the shares (or interest in shares) under Chapter 2 or 4 of Part 7 of that Act as originally enacted otherwise than by virtue of section 457 of that Act (as originally enacted) (charge on receipt of chargeable benefit),

(d) if the shares (or interest in shares) were (or was) acquired on a conversion of other shares (or of another interest in shares), any amount that counted as employment income of the employee under Chapter 3 of that Part (including that Chapter as originally enacted) (convertible securities) by reason of the conversion,

(e) if the acquisition of the shares (or interest in shares) was pursuant to a securities option, any amount that counted as employment income of the employee under section 476 of that Act (or section 476 or 477 as originally enacted) (acquisition of securities pursuant to securities option) by reason of the acquisition, and

(f) in the case of a chargeable event under subsection (4)(a), the amount of any expenses incurred by the holder of the shares (or interest in shares) in connection with the disposal.

(7) An election under subsection (1) or (4) is irrevocable and must be made in a form approved by the Board of Inland Revenue.

(8) The Treasury may by regulations modify—

(a) this section,

(b) any provision of Part 4 of TCGA 1992, and

(c) any provision of Part 7 of ITEPA 2003,

in relation to shares (or interests in shares) to which Chapter 4A of that Part would apply but for section 20(5) and which are restricted securities (or restricted interests in securities) or convertible securities (or interests in convertible securities).

(9) The power conferred by subsection (8) is exercisable by statutory instrument.

(10) A statutory instrument containing regulations under subsection (8) is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

(11) In this section—

• “associated person” has the same meaning as in Chapters 1 to 5 of Part 7 of ITEPA 2003 (see section 421C of that Act),

• “Board of Inland Revenue” has the same meaning as in that Act (see section 720(2) of that Act), and

• “convertible securities” has the same meaning as in Chapter 3 of Part 7 of that Act (see section 436 of that Act),

and expressions used in this section and in Chapter 4A of Part 7 of that Act have the same meaning in this section as in that Chapter.

22 Capital gains U.K.

(1) TCGA 1992 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 119A(3) (increase in expenditure by reference to tax charged in relation to employment-related securities: events giving rise to relevant income tax charge)—

(a) after “employment income” insert “ in respect of the employment-related securities ”,

(b) for the word “or” at the end of paragraph (c) substitute—

“(ca) under section 447 of ITEPA 2003 (receipt of benefit) in a case where the benefit is an increase in the market value of the employment-related securities,”,

(c) after paragraph (d) insert “or—

(e) under subsection (3) of section 21 of the Finance Act 2005 (transitional charge in relation to shares in spin-out companies) by virtue of subsection (4)(b) of that section (election by employee).”, and

(d) omit the words following the paragraphs.

(3) After section 149AA insert—

“149AB Shares in research institution spin-out companies

(1) Where an individual has acquired shares (or an interest in shares) in circumstances where section 452(1) and (2)(a) of ITEPA 2003 (shares in research institution spin-out companies: market value on acquisition) apply (and section 149AA does not apply in relation to those shares (or interest in shares)) the consideration for the acquisition shall (subject to section 119A) be taken to be equal to the aggregate of—

(a) the actual amount or value given for the shares (or interest in shares), and

(b) any amount that constituted earnings under Chapter 1 of Part 3 of ITEPA 2003 (earnings) in respect of the acquisition.

(2) Subsection (1) above applies only to the individual making the acquisition and, accordingly, is to be disregarded in calculating the consideration received by the person from whom the shares (or interest in shares) are (or is) acquired.”

(4) The amendment made by paragraph (b) of subsection (2) has effect only in relation to disposals on or after 6th April 2005; but the other amendments made by that subsection have effect in relation to any disposal (whether before or after the passing of this Act).

(5) The amendment made by subsection (3) has effect in relation to any acquisition (whether before or after the passing of this Act).

Chapter 4 U.K. Trusts with vulnerable beneficiary

Introductory U.K.

23 Introduction U.K.

(1) This Chapter contains tax provision in connection with—

(a) income arising to [F4 the trustees of a settlement] from property held on qualifying trusts for the benefit of a vulnerable person, and

(b) chargeable gains accruing to [F5 the trustees of a settlement] from the disposal of such property.

(2) Section 24 contains provision as to the making of claims for special tax treatment under this Chapter.

(3) Sections 25 to 29 contain provision relating to income tax.

(4) Sections 30 to 33 contain provision relating to capital gains tax.

(5) Sections 34 to 36 apply for the purpose of determining whether trusts on which property is held for the benefit of a vulnerable person are qualifying trusts.

(6) In this Chapter “vulnerable person election” means an election under section 37.

(7) In this Chapter “vulnerable person” means—

(a) a disabled person (see section 38), or

(b) a relevant minor (see section 39).

Textual Amendments

F4 Words in s. 23(1)(a) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(2)(a)(7)

F5 Words in s. 23(1)(b) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(2)(a)(7)

24 Entitlement to make claim for special tax treatment U.K.

A claim for special tax treatment under this Chapter for a tax year may be made by [F6 the trustees of a settlement] if—

(a) in the tax year they hold property on qualifying trusts for the benefit of a vulnerable person, and

(b) a vulnerable person election has effect for all or part of the tax year in relation to those trusts and that person.

Textual Amendments

F6 Words in s. 24(1) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(2)(b)(7)

Income tax U.K.

25 Qualifying trusts income: special income tax treatment U.K.

(1) This section has effect in relation to a tax year if—

(a) in the tax year income arises (or is treated as arising) to [F7 the trustees of a settlement] from property held on qualifying trusts for the benefit of a vulnerable person (“qualifying trusts income”), and

(b) a claim for special tax treatment under this Chapter for the tax year is made by the trustees.

(2) Special income tax treatment applies for the tax year in accordance with sections 26 to 29.

(3) But this section does not have effect in relation to the tax year if the property from which the qualifying trusts income arises (or is treated as arising) is property in which a person who is a settlor (within the meaning given by [F8 section 620(1) of ITTOIA 2005]) is regarded as having an interest for the purposes of [F9 sections 624 and 625 of that Act] (income arising under settlement where settlor retains an interest).

Textual Amendments

F7 Words in s. 25(1)(a) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(2)(c)(7)

F8 Words in s. 25(3) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(3)(a)(7)

F9 Words in s. 25(3) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(3)(b)(7)

26 Amount of relief U.K.

[F10 (1)] The trustees' liability to income tax for the tax year is to be reduced by an amount equal to—

where—

TQTI is an amount determined in accordance with section 27 (income tax liability of trustees in respect of qualifying trusts income), and

VQTI is an amount determined in accordance with section 28 (extra tax to which vulnerable person would be liable if qualifying trusts income were income of his).

[F11 (2) The tax reduction is given effect at Step 6 of the calculation in section 23 of ITA 2007.]

Textual Amendments

F10 S. 26(1) renumbered (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 594 (with Sch. 2)

F11 S. 26(2) inserted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 594 (with Sch. 2)

27 Trustees' liability: TQTI U.K.

(1) For the purposes of section 26, TQTI is the amount of income tax to which the trustees would (apart from this Chapter) be liable for the tax year in respect of the qualifying trusts income arising (or treated as arising) to them in that year (or to which they would be so liable if their liability were computed in accordance with subsection (2) in a case to which that subsection applies).

(2) In a case where—

(a) income arising (or treated as arising) to the trustees in the tax year (“total income”) includes income (“other income”) which is not qualifying trusts income, and

(b) the trustees have [F12 allowable expenses],

there shall be disregarded, in computing the income tax liability of the trustees for the tax year in respect of the qualifying trusts income arising (or treated as arising) to them in that year, such part of the [F13 allowable] expenses as bears the same proportion to all those expenses as other income bears to total income.

[F14 (2A) References in subsection (2) to allowable expenses are to expenses which can be set against the total income in accordance with Chapter 4 of Part 9 of ITA 2007.]

(3) This section is subject to section 29 (vulnerable person election having effect for only part of tax year).

Textual Amendments

F12 Words in s. 27(2)(b) substituted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 595(2)(a) (with Sch. 2)

F13 Word in s. 27(2) substituted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 595(2)(b) (with Sch. 2)

F14 S. 27(2A) inserted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 595(3) (with Sch. 2)

28 Vulnerable person's liability: VQTI U.K.

(1) For the purposes of section 26, VQTI is an amount equal to—

where—

TLV2 is an amount determined in accordance with subsection (2) (and subsection (4) where it applies) (total tax liability of vulnerable person), and

TLV1 is an amount determined in accordance with subsection (3) (and subsection (4) where it applies) (what total tax liability of vulnerable person would be if his income included qualifying trusts income).

(2) TLV2 is the total amount of income tax and capital gains tax to which the vulnerable person would be liable for the tax year if his income tax liability were computed in accordance with subsections (5) and (6).

(3) TLV1 is what TLV2 would be if the qualifying trusts income arising (or treated as arising) to the trustees in the tax year in respect of which the trustees are liable to income tax were income of the vulnerable person for the tax year.

(4) Where the vulnerable person is non-UK resident during the tax year—

(a) his income tax liability for the purposes of determining TLV1 and TLV2 is to be computed in accordance with the Income Tax Acts on the assumption that he is resident and domiciled in the United Kingdom throughout the tax year, and

(b) his capital gains tax liability for the purposes of determining TLV1 and TLV2 is to be computed on the assumption that his taxable amount for the purposes of section 3 of TCGA 1992 is equal to his deemed CGT taxable amount.

(5) For the purposes of this section, in a case where income which has arisen to the trustees (whenever it arose) is distributed to the vulnerable person in the tax year, that income is to be disregarded in computing income tax to which he would be liable for the tax year for the purposes of determining TLV1 and TLV2.

(6) For the purposes of this section, in computing income tax to which the vulnerable person would be liable for the tax year for the purposes of determining TLV1 and TLV2, there is to be disregarded any relief which is given by way of a reduction in the amount of income tax to which the vulnerable person would be liable apart from that relief.

(7) For the purposes of this section—

(a) whether or not a vulnerable person is non-UK resident is to be determined in accordance with section 41(2), and

(b) a non-UK resident vulnerable person's deemed CGT taxable amount is to be determined in accordance with paragraph 3 of Schedule 1.

(8) This section is subject to section 29 (vulnerable person election having effect for only part of tax year).

[F15 28A Disapplication of section 629 of ITTOIA 2005 U.K.

(1) In a case where this section applies, section 629(1) of ITTOIA 2005 shall not apply in respect of a payment by the trustees of a settlement to a beneficiary under the settlement.

(2) This section applies if in a year of assessment—

(a) the trustees make a payment to a vulnerable person,

(b) the payment is made out of qualifying trusts income,

(c) the vulnerable person is a relevant child (within the meaning given by section 629 of ITTOIA 2005) of a settlor in relation to the settlement, and

(d) the trustees have made a successful claim for special income tax treatment under section 25.]

Textual Amendments

F15 S. 28A inserted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 13 para. 36(2) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 36(1)

29 Part years U.K.

(1) Where the vulnerable person election has effect for only part of the tax year (“the elected part of the tax year”) sections 26, 27 and 28 apply with the modifications in subsection (2).

(2) Those modifications are—

(a) that references to the qualifying trusts income arising (or treated as arising) to the trustees in the tax year are to be treated as references to the qualifying trusts income arising (or treated as arising) to them in the elected part of the tax year, and

(b) that the references in section 27(2) to income arising (or treated as arising) to the trustees in the tax year and expenses of the trustees in the tax year are to be treated as (respectively) references to income arising (or treated as arising) to the trustees in the elected part of the tax year and expenses of the trustees in that part of the tax year.

Capital gains tax U.K.

30 Qualifying trusts gains: special capital gains tax treatment U.K.

(1) This section has effect in relation to a tax year if—

(a) in the tax year chargeable gains accrue to the trustees of a settlement from the disposal of settled property which is held on qualifying trusts for the benefit of a vulnerable person (“the qualifying trusts gains”),

(b) the trustees would (apart from this Chapter) be chargeable to capital gains tax in respect of those gains,

(c) the trustees are either resident in the United Kingdom during any part of the tax year or ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom during the tax year, and

(d) a claim for special tax treatment under this Chapter for the tax year is made by the trustees.

[F16 (1A) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b) the effect of section 77(1) of TCGA 1992 shall be disregarded if the settlor is treated as having an interest in the settlement by reason only of the application of section 77(2A) of that Act.]

(2) Special capital gains tax treatment applies for the tax year in accordance with—

(a) section 31 (vulnerable person UK resident during the tax year), or

(b) section 32 (vulnerable person non-UK resident during the tax year).

(3) But this section does not have effect in relation to the tax year if the vulnerable person dies during that year.

[F17 (3A) If this section has effect in relation to chargeable gains accruing to the trustees of a settlement in a tax year, section 77 of TCGA 1992 shall not have effect in relation to the gains, (but this subsection shall not affect the operation of section 31(2)).]

(4) The reference in subsection (1)(a) to chargeable gains accruing to the trustees from the disposal of settled property includes a reference to chargeable gains treated as accruing to them under section 13 of TCGA 1992 (attribution of gains to members of non-resident companies).

(5) For the purposes of this section and sections 31 and 32 whether a vulnerable person is UK resident or non-UK resident during a tax year is to be determined in accordance with section 41(2).

Textual Amendments

F16 S. 30(1A) inserted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 12 para. 48(1)(a)(5)

F17 S. 30(3A) inserted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 12 para. 48(1)(b)(5)

31 UK resident vulnerable persons: section 77 treatment U.K.

(1) Special capital gains tax treatment applies for the tax year in accordance with this section if the vulnerable person is UK resident during the tax year.

(2) Section 77(1) (and section 78 and section 79, apart from subsection (6)) of TCGA 1992 are to be treated as applying in relation to the qualifying trusts gains as if—

(a) the vulnerable person were a settlor in relation to the settlement,

(b) the settled property disposed of, and any other settled property disposed of at any time when it was relevant settled property, originated from him, and

(c) he had an interest in the settlement during the tax year.

(3) For the purposes of subsection (2)(b), property is “relevant settled property” at any time when—

(a) it is property held on the qualifying trusts for the benefit of the vulnerable person, and

(b) the trustees would (apart from this Chapter) be chargeable to capital gains tax in respect of any chargeable gains accruing to them on a disposal of it.

32 Non-UK resident vulnerable persons: amount of relief U.K.

(1) Special capital gains tax treatment applies for the tax year in accordance with this section if the vulnerable person is non-UK resident during the tax year.

(2) The trustees' liability to capital gains tax for the tax year is to be reduced by an amount equal to—

where—

TQTG is the amount of capital gains tax to which the trustees would (apart from this Chapter) be liable for the tax year in respect of the qualifying trusts gains, and

VQTG is an amount determined in accordance with section 33 (extra tax to which vulnerable person would be liable for the tax year if chargeable gains were treated as accruing to him under section 77(1) of TCGA 1992 by virtue of section 31 above).

33 Vulnerable person's liability: VQTG U.K.

(1) For the purposes of section 32, VQTG is an amount equal to—

where—

TLVB is an amount determined in accordance with subsection (2) (total tax liability of vulnerable person), and

TLVA is an amount determined in accordance with subsection (3) (what total tax liability of vulnerable person would be if it included tax in respect of notional section 77 gains).

(2) TLVB is the total amount of income tax and capital gains tax to which the vulnerable person would be liable for the tax year—

(a) if his income for the tax year were equal to the sum of his actual income for the tax year (if any) and the amount of the trustees' specially taxed income (if any) for the tax year, and

(b) if his taxable amount for the tax year for the purposes of section 3 of TCGA 1992 were equal to his deemed CGT taxable amount for the tax year (if any).

(3) TLVA is what TLVB would be if the vulnerable person's taxable amount for the tax year for the purposes of section 3 of TCGA 1992 were equal to the sum of the amount mentioned in subsection (2)(b) and his notional section 77 gains for the tax year.

(4) For the purposes of this section—

(a) the vulnerable person's actual income for the tax year,

(b) the trustees' specially taxed income for the tax year,

(c) the vulnerable person's deemed CGT taxable amount for the tax year, and

(d) the vulnerable person's notional section 77 gains for the tax year,

are to be determined in accordance with Schedule 1.

Qualifying trusts U.K.

34 Disabled persons U.K.

(1) For the purposes of this Chapter where property is held on trusts for the benefit of a disabled person those trusts are qualifying trusts if they secure that the conditions in subsection (2) are met—

(a) during the lifetime of the disabled person, or

(b) until the termination of the trusts (if that occurs before his death).

(2) Those conditions are—

(a) that if any of the property is applied for the benefit of a beneficiary, it is applied for the benefit of the disabled person, and

(b) either that the disabled person is entitled to all the income (if there is any) arising from any of the property or that no such income may be applied for the benefit of any other person.

(3) The trusts on which property is held are not to be treated as failing to secure that the conditions in subsection (2) are met by reason only of [F18 —

(a) a power conferred on the trustees by section 32 of the Trustee Act 1925 or section 33 of the Trustee Act (Northern Ireland) 1958) (powers of advancement),

(b) a power conferred on the trustees by the law of a jurisdiction other than England and Wales or Northern Ireland which makes provision similar to the provisions specified in paragraph (a), or

(c) a power of advancement which is conferred on the trustees by the instrument creating the settlement, or by another instrument made in accordance with the terms of the settlement, and which is subject to the same restrictions as those specified in section 32(1)(a) and (c) of the Trustee Act 1925 (c. 19).]

(4) The reference in subsection (1) to the lifetime of the disabled person is, where property is held for his benefit on trusts of the kind described in section 33 of the Trustee Act 1925 (protective trusts), to be construed as a reference to the period during which such property is held on trust for him.

Textual Amendments

F18 S. 34(3)(a)-(c) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 12 para. 48(2)(5)

35 Relevant minors U.K.

(1) For the purposes of this Chapter where property is held on trusts for the benefit of a relevant minor those trusts are qualifying trusts if they are—

(a) statutory trusts for the relevant minor under sections 46 and 47(1) of the Administration of Estates Act 1925 (c. 23) (succession on intestacy and statutory trusts in favour of relatives of intestate), or

(b) trusts to which subsection (2) below applies.

(2) This subsection applies to trusts—

(a) established under the will of a deceased parent of the relevant minor, or

(b) established under the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme,

which secure that the conditions in subsection (3) are met.

(3) Those conditions are—

(a) that the relevant minor will, on attaining the age of 18, become absolutely entitled to the property, any income arising from it and any income that has arisen from property held on the trusts for his benefit and been accumulated before that time,

(b) that, until that time, for so long as the relevant minor is living, if any of the property is applied for the benefit of a beneficiary, it is applied for the benefit of the relevant minor, and

(c) that, until that time, for so long as the relevant minor is living, either—

(i) the relevant minor is entitled to all the income (if there is any) arising from any of the property, or

(ii) no such income may be applied for the benefit of any other person.

(4) Trusts to which subsection (2) applies are not to be treated as failing to secure that the conditions in subsection (3) are met by reason only of [F19 —

(a) a power conferred on the trustees by section 32 of the Trustee Act 1925 or section 33 of the Trustee Act (Northern Ireland) 1958) (powers of advancement),

(b) a power conferred on the trustees by the law of a jurisdiction other than England and Wales or Northern Ireland which makes provision similar to the provisions specified in paragraph (a), or

(c) a power of advancement which is conferred on the trustees by the instrument creating the settlement, or by another instrument made in accordance with the terms of the settlement, and which is subject to the same restrictions as those specified in section 32(1)(a) and (c) of the Trustee Act 1925 (c. 19).]

(5) In this section “the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme” means—

(a) the schemes established by arrangements made under the Criminal Injuries Compensation Act 1995 (c. 53),

(b) arrangements made by the Secretary of State for compensation for criminal injuries in operation before the commencement of those schemes, or

(c) the scheme established under the Criminal Injuries (Northern Ireland) Order 2002 (S.I. 2002/796 (N.I. 1)).

Textual Amendments

F19 S. 35(4)(a)-(c) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 12 para. 48(3)(5)

36 Parts of assets U.K.

For the purposes of this Chapter references to property being held on trusts include references to a part of an asset being held on trusts if—

(a) that part of the asset, and

(b) any income arising from it (or treated as arising from it),

can be identified for the purpose of determining whether the trusts on which it is held are qualifying trusts.

Vulnerable persons U.K.

37 Vulnerable person election U.K.

(1) Where [F20 the trustees of a settlement] hold property on trusts for the benefit of a person, the trustees and that person may jointly make a vulnerable person election in relation to those trusts and that person if—

(a) the person in relation to whom the election is made is a vulnerable person, and

(b) the trusts in relation to which the election is made are qualifying trusts.

(2) A vulnerable person election is an election in such form as the Board of Inland Revenue may require—

(a) specifying the date from which it is to have effect (“the effective date”),

(b) made by notice to the Inland Revenue no later than 12 months after 31st January next following the tax year in which the effective date falls, or within such further time, if any, as the Board of Inland Revenue may by notice have allowed, and

(c) containing the items specified in subsection (3).

(3) Those items are—

(a) such information as the Board of Inland Revenue may require, including in particular information relating to the trusts, the trustees, the vulnerable person and his entitlement under the trusts and any other person connected with the trusts,

(b) a statement that the trusts in relation to which the election is made are qualifying trusts,

(c) a declaration that all the information contained in the election is correct to the best of the knowledge and belief of the trustees and vulnerable person,

(d) a declaration by the vulnerable person that he authorises the trustees to make any claim under this Chapter for any tax year as they consider appropriate, and

(e) such other declarations as the Board of Inland Revenue may reasonably require.

(4) A vulnerable person election is irrevocable.

(5) A vulnerable person election has effect from the effective date until one of the following events occurs—

(a) the person in relation to whom the election is made ceases to be a vulnerable person,

(b) the trusts in relation to which the election is made cease to be qualifying trusts, and

(c) the trusts are terminated.

(6) If the trustees become aware that an event mentioned in subsection (5) has occurred—

(a) they must inform the Inland Revenue that the vulnerable person election has ceased to have effect, and

(b) they must do so by giving notice containing particulars of the event within the period of 90 days beginning on the date on which they first become aware that the event has occurred.

[F21 (7) Where—

(a) a vulnerable person election has effect in relation to qualifying trusts,

(b) the property held on those trusts is treated for the purposes of TCGA 1992 and of the Tax Acts as comprised in a sub-fund settlement, and

(c) the vulnerable person election was not made by the trustees of the sub-fund settlement,

the vulnerable person election shall have effect, in relation to the trusts mentioned in paragraph (a), in respect of matters arising at or after the time when the sub-fund election is treated as having taken effect, as if it had been made by the trustees of the sub-fund settlement and the vulnerable person.

(8) In relation to matters arising before the time when the sub-fund election is treated as having taken effect, nothing in subsection (7)—

(a) relieves the trustees of the settlement which is the principal settlement in relation to the sub-fund settlement of their obligation under subsection (6), or

(b) prevents a notice from being given to those trustees under section 40(1) or (3).

(9) In this section—

(a) “principal settlement” has the meaning given by paragraph 1 of Schedule 4ZA to TCGA 1992,

(b) “sub-fund election” has the meaning given by paragraph 2 of that Schedule,

(c) “sub-fund settlement” has the meaning given by paragraph 1 of that Schedule, and

(d) the time when a sub-fund election is treated as having taken effect shall be the time when it is treated as having taken effect under paragraph 2 of that Schedule.]

Textual Amendments

F20 Words in s. 37(1) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(2)(d)(7)

F21 S. 37(7)-(9) inserted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 12 para. 48(4)(5)

38 Meaning of “disabled person” U.K.

(1) In this Chapter “disabled person” means—

(a) a person who by reason of mental disorder within the meaning of the Mental Health Act 1983 (c. 20) is incapable of administering his property or managing his affairs, or

(b) a person in receipt of attendance allowance or of a disability living allowance by virtue of entitlement to the care component at the highest or middle rate.

(2) A person is to be treated as a disabled person under subsection (1)(b) if he satisfies the Inland Revenue—

(a) that if he were to meet the prescribed conditions as to residence under section 64(1) of SSCBA 1992 or section 64(1) of SSCB(NI)A 1992 he would be entitled to receive attendance allowance, or

(b) that if he were to meet the prescribed conditions as to residence under section 71(6) of SSCBA 1992 or section 71(6) of SSCB(NI)A 1992 he would be entitled to receive a disability living allowance by virtue of entitlement to the care component at the highest or middle rate.

(3) A person who is (or is treated as) a disabled person under subsection (1)(b) is not to cease to be (or to be treated as) such a disabled person by reason only of provision made by—

(a) regulations under section 67(1) or (2) of SSCBA 1992 or section 67(1) or (2) of SSCB(NI)A 1992 (non-satisfaction of conditions for attendance allowance where person is undergoing treatment for renal failure in a hospital or is provided with certain accommodation), or

(b) regulations under section 72(8) of SSCBA or section 72(8) SSCB(NI)A 1992 (no payment of disability allowance for persons for whom certain accommodation is provided).

(4) In this section “attendance allowance” means an allowance under—

(a) section 64 of SSCBA 1992, or

(b) section 64 of SSCB(NI)A 1992.

(5) In this section “disability living allowance” means a disability living allowance under—

(a) section 71 of SSCBA 1992, or

(b) section 71 of SSCB(NI)A 1992.

(6) In this section—

• “SSCBA 1992” means the Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 (c. 4), and

• “SSCB(NI)A 1992” means the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 (c. 7).

39 Meaning of “relevant minor” U.K.

For the purposes of this Chapter a person is a “relevant minor” if—

(a) he has not yet attained the age of 18, and

(b) at least one of his parents has died.

Miscellaneous and supplementary U.K.

40 Power to make enquiries U.K.

(1) Where a vulnerable person election has been made the Inland Revenue may by notice require the trustees or the vulnerable person by whom the election was made to furnish them with such particulars as they may reasonably require for the purposes of determining—

(a) whether the requirements mentioned in subsection (1)(a) and (b) of section 37 were met at the time the election was made, and

(b) whether an event mentioned in subsection (5) of that section has occurred since the effective date.

(2) The notice must specify the time within which the information must be furnished (not being less than 60 days).

(3) If the Board of Inland Revenue determine—

(a) that either or both of the requirements mentioned in subsection (1)(a) and (b) of section 37 were not met at the time the election was made, or

(b) that an event mentioned in subsection (5) of that section has occurred since the effective date of the election,

they may give notice to the trustees and the person in relation to whom the vulnerable person election was made that the election never had effect or ceased to have effect from a date specified in the notice.

(4) A person aggrieved by a determination of the Board of Inland Revenue under subsection (3) may by notice appeal to the General Commissioners.

(5) The notice of appeal must be given to the Board of Inland Revenue within 30 days after the notice of the determination was given under subsection (3).

(6) All such adjustments shall be made, whether by discharge or repayment of tax, the making of assessments or otherwise, as are required to give effect to a determination under subsection (3) (despite any limitation on the time within which any adjustment may be made).

(7) In subsection (6) “tax” means income tax or capital gains tax.

41 Interpretation etc. U.K.

(1) In this Chapter—

• “the Board of Inland Revenue” means the Commissioners of Inland Revenue (as to which, see in particular the Inland Revenue Regulation Act 1890 (c. 21)),

• “the Inland Revenue” means any officer of the Board of Inland Revenue,

• “notice” means notice in writing, and

• “tax year”—

  (a)

  F22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

  (b)

  in relation to capital gains tax, means a year of assessment within the meaning of TCGA 1992 (see section 288(1) of that Act).

(2) For the purposes of this Chapter—

(a) a vulnerable person is UK resident during a tax year if he is either resident in the United Kingdom during any part of the tax year or ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom during the tax year, and

(b) a vulnerable person is non-UK resident during a tax year if he is neither resident in the United Kingdom during any part of the tax year nor ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom during the tax year.

(3) Sections 30 to 33 and Schedule 1 are to be construed as one with TCGA 1992.

(4) To the extent that any provision of this Chapter would not, apart from this subsection, form part of Income Tax Acts, the provisions of the Income Tax Acts are to apply for the purposes of any references in the provision relating to income arising (or treated as arising) to a person or to the income tax liability of a person.

Textual Amendments

F22 S. 41(1)(a) repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 596, Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

42 Application in relation to Scotland U.K.

(1) This Chapter applies in relation to Scotland with the following modifications.

(2) In section 23(5), for “trusts on which property is held for the benefit of a vulnerable person are qualifying trusts” substitute “ property held in trust for the benefit of a vulnerable person is held in qualifying trust ”.

(3) In section 31(3)(a), for “on the qualifying trusts” substitute “ in qualifying trust (in the same trust as the settled property disposed of) ”.

(4) In section 34—

(a) in subsection (1), for “those trusts are qualifying trusts if they” substitute “ the property is held in qualifying trust if the trust purposes ”, and

(b) in subsection (4), for “on trusts” substitute “ in a trust ”.

(5) In section 35—

(a) in subsection (1), for “those trusts are qualifying trusts if they are” substitute “ the property is held in qualifying trust if the trust is ”,

F23 (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c) in subsection (2), before “which” insert “ the purposes of ”.

(6) In section 36, for “the trusts on which it is held are qualifying trusts” substitute “ it is held in qualifying trust ”.

(7) In section 37—

(a) in subsection (1), for paragraph (b) substitute—

“(b) property held in the trust in relation to which the election is made is held in qualifying trust.”,

(b) in subsection (3)(b), for “the trusts in relation to which the election is made are qualifying trusts” substitute “ property held in the trust in relation to which the election is made is held in qualifying trust ”, and

(c) in subsection (5), for paragraph (b) substitute—

“(b) property held in the trust in relation to which the election is made ceases to be held in qualifying trust,”.

(8) Sections 34(3) and 35(4) do not apply to Scotland

(9) Unless otherwise modified by this section, any reference to anything being held on trusts is to be construed as a reference to it being held in trust.

(10) Unless otherwise modified or disapplied by this section, any reference to trusts is to be construed as a reference to a trust or the trust (as appropriate).

Textual Amendments

F23 S. 42(5)(b) repealed (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(5)(7), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(15)

43 Penalties under TMA 1970 U.K.

(1) Section 98 of TMA 1970 (special returns, etc) is amended as follows.

(2) In the first column of the table insert at the appropriate place— “ section 40(1) of the Finance Act 2005 ”.

(3) In the second column of the table insert at the appropriate place— “ section 37(3) of the Finance Act 2005; ”, and “ section 37(6) of the Finance Act 2005; ”.

(4) For the purposes of that section, any information, statements or declarations given or made jointly by [F24 the trustees of a settlement] and a vulnerable person are to be treated as given or made by the trustees.

Textual Amendments

F24 Words in s. 43(4) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 13 para. 35(6)(7)

44 Consequential amendments U.K.

F25 (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2) In Schedule 4B to TCGA 1992 (transfers of value by trustees linked with trustee borrowing), in paragraph 3(2), after “in that year” insert “ (otherwise than by virtue of section 31 of the Finance Act 2005) ”.

Textual Amendments

F25 S. 44(1) repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

45 Commencement U.K.

This Chapter has effect for the tax year beginning on 6th April 2004 and subsequent tax years.

Chapter 5 U.K. Alternative finance arrangements

Introductory U.K.

46 Alternative finance arrangements U.K.

(1) In this Chapter “alternative finance arrangements” means arrangements falling within section 47 [F26 , 47A, [F27 48A,]] [F28 , 49 or 49A].

(2) In this Chapter “financial institution” means—

(a) a bank as defined by section 840A of ICTA,

(b) a building society within the meaning of the Building Societies Act 1986 (c. 53),

(c) a wholly-owned subsidiary of a bank within paragraph (a) or a building society within paragraph (b),

(d) a person authorised by a licence under Part 3 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (c. 39) to carry on a consumer credit business or consumer hire business within the meaning of that Act,

[F29 (da) a bond-issuer within the meaning of section 48A below, but only in relation to any bond assets which are rights under arrangements falling within section 47 or 47A,] or

(e) a person authorised in a jurisdiction outside the United Kingdom to receive deposits or other repayable funds from the public and to grant credits for its own account.

(3) For the purposes of subsection (2)(c) a company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of a bank or building society (“the parent”) if it has no members except the parent and the parent's wholly-owned subsidiaries or persons acting on behalf of the parent or the parent's wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Textual Amendments

F26 Words in s. 46(1) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(1)

F27 Word in s. 46(1) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(3)(a)

F28 Words in s. 46(1) substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(1)

F29 S. 46(2)(da) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(3)(b)

Arrangements giving rise to alternative finance return U.K.

47 Alternative finance arrangements: [F30 purchase and re-sale] U.K.

(1) Subject to subsection (3) and section 52, arrangements fall within this section if they are arrangements entered into between two persons under which—

(a) a person (“X”) purchases an asset and sells it, either immediately or in circumstances in which the conditions in subsection (2) are met, to the other person (“Y”),

(b) the amount payable by Y in respect of the sale (“the sale price”) is greater than the amount paid by X in respect of the purchase (“the purchase price”),

(c) all or part of the sale price is not required to be paid until a date later than that of the sale, and

(d) the difference between the sale price and the purchase price equates, in substance, to the return on an investment of money at interest.

(2) The conditions referred to in subsection (1)(a) are—

(a) that X is a financial institution, and

(b) that the asset referred to in that provision was purchased by X for the purpose of entering into arrangements falling within this section.

(3) Arrangements do not fall within this section unless at least one of the parties is a financial institution.

(4) For the purposes of this section “the effective return” is so much of the sale price as exceeds the purchase price.

F31 (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) If under arrangements falling within this section the whole of the sale price is paid on one day, that sale price is to be taken [F32 for the purposes of this Chapter] to include alternative finance return equal to the effective return.

(7) If under arrangements falling within this section the sale price is paid by instalments, each instalment is to be taken [F33 for the purposes of this Chapter] to include alternative finance return equal to the appropriate amount.

(8) The appropriate amount, in relation to any instalment, is an amount equal to the interest that would have been included in the instalment if—

(a) the effective return were the total interest payable on a loan by X to Y of an amount equal to the purchase price,

(b) the instalment were a part repayment of the principal with interest, and

(c) the loan were made on arm's length terms and accounted for under generally accepted accounting practice.

Textual Amendments

F30 Words in s. 47 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(2)(c)

F31 S. 47(5) repealed (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(2)(a), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(17)

F32 Words in s. 47(6) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(2)(b)

F33 Words in s. 47(7) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(2)(b)

[F34 47A Alternative finance arrangements: diminishing shared ownership U.K.

(1) Subject to section 52, arrangements fall within this section if under them—

(a) a financial institution acquires a beneficial interest in an asset, and

(b) another person (“the eventual owner”)—

(i) also acquires a beneficial interest in the asset,

(ii) is to make payments to the financial institution amounting in aggregate to the consideration paid for the acquisition of its beneficial interest,

(iii) is to acquire the financial institution's beneficial interest (whether or not in stages) as a result of those payments,

(iv) is to make other payments to the financial institution (whether in pursuance of a lease forming part of the arrangements, or otherwise),

(v) has the exclusive right to occupy or otherwise use the asset,

(vi) is exclusively entitled to any income, profit or gain arising from or attributable to the asset (including, in particular, any increase in the asset's value).

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(a) it is immaterial—

(a) whether or not the financial institution acquires its beneficial interest from the eventual owner,

(b) whether the eventual owner or another person other than the financial institution also has a beneficial interest in the asset, and

(c) whether or not the financial institution also has a legal interest in the asset.

(3) Subsection (1)(b)(v) does not prevent the eventual owner from granting an interest or right in relation to the asset to someone other than—

(a) the financial institution,

(b) a person controlled by the financial institution F35 ..., and

(c) a person controlled by a person who also controls the financial institutionF36 ...;

provided that the grant is not required by the financial institution or by arrangements to which the financial institution is party.

[F37 (3A) For the purposes of subsection (3) whether a person is controlled by another person is determined in accordance with section 840 of ICTA.]

(4) Subsection (1)(b)(vi) does not prevent the financial institution from having responsibility for, or a share in any loss arising out of, any reduction in the asset's value (and subsection (1)(b)(ii) is subject to this subsection).

(5) Payments by the eventual owner under arrangements to which this section applies are alternative finance return for the purposes of this Chapter except in so far as they amount to—

(a) payments of the kind described in subsection (1)(b)(ii), or

(b) payments in respect of any arrangement fee or legal or other costs or expenses which the eventual owner is required under the arrangements to pay.

(6) Arrangements to which this section applies shall not be treated as a partnership for the purposes of the Taxes Acts (within the meaning of the Taxes Management Act 1970).]

Textual Amendments

F34 S. 47A inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(3)

F35 Words in s. 47A(3)(b) repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 597(2)(a), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F36 Words in s. 47A(3)(c) repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 597(2)(b), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F37 S. 47A(3A) inserted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 597(3) (with Sch. 2)

48 Arrangements within section 47: foreign currency and non-residents U.K.

(1) If alternative finance return is paid in a currency other than sterling—

(a) by or to a person other than a company, and

(b) otherwise than for the purposes of a trade, profession or vocation or a property business,

then, as respects that person, the effective return for the purposes of section 47 and the appropriate amount for the purposes of subsection (7) of that section are to be calculated in the other currency and the amount of each payment of alternative finance return is to be translated into sterling at a spot rate of exchange for the day on which the payment is made.

(2) In section 148 of FA 2003 (meaning of “permanent establishment”) after subsection (5) insert—

“(5A) Where alternative finance return as defined by subsection (5) of section 47 of the Finance Act 2005 is paid to a company that is not resident in the United Kingdom, the company is not regarded as having a permanent establishment in the United Kingdom merely by virtue of anything done for the purposes of the arrangements falling within that section by the other party to the arrangements or by any other person acting for the company in relation to the arrangements.”

(3) In section 127 of FA 1995 (persons not treated as UK representatives) in subsection (1), at the end of paragraph (c) but before the “and” insert—

“(cc) where the income consists of alternative finance return, as defined by subsection (5) of section 47 of the Finance Act 2005, the other party to the arrangements falling within that section or any other person acting for the non-resident in relation to the arrangements;”.

[F38 48A Alternative finance arrangements: alternative finance investment bond: introduction U.K.

(1) Subject to section 52, arrangements fall within this section if—

(a) the arrangements provide for one person (“the bond-holder”) to pay a sum of money (“the capital”) to another (“the bond-issuer”),

(b) the arrangements identify assets, or a class of assets, which the bond-issuer will acquire for the purpose of generating income or gains directly or indirectly (“the bond assets”),

(c) the arrangements specify a period at the end of which they cease to have effect (“the bond term”),

(d) the bond-issuer undertakes under the arrangements—

(i) to dispose at the end of the bond term of any bond assets which are still in the bond-issuer’s possession,

(ii) to make a repayment of the capital (“the redemption payment”) to the bond-holder during or at the end of the bond-term (whether or not in instalments), and

(iii) to pay to the bond-holder other payments on one or more occasions during or at the end of the bond term (“additional payments”),

(e) the amount of the additional payments does not exceed an amount which would be a reasonable commercial return on a loan of the capital,

(f) under the arrangements the bond-issuer undertakes to arrange for the management of the bond assets with a view to generating income sufficient to pay the redemption payment and additional payments,

(g) the bond-holder is able to transfer the rights under the arrangements to another person (who thereby becomes the bond-holder),

(h) the arrangements are a listed security on a recognised stock exchange (within the meaning of section 1005 of ITA 2007), and

(i) the arrangements are wholly or partly treated in accordance with international accounting standards as a financial liability of the bond-issuer (or would be if the bond-issuer applied those standards).

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1)—

(a) the bond-issuer may acquire bond assets before or after the arrangements take effect,

(b) bond assets may be property of any kind, including rights in relation to property owned by someone other than the bond-issuer,

(c) the identification of the bond assets mentioned in subsection (1)(b) and the undertakings mentioned in subsection (1)(d) and (f) may (but need not) be described as, or accompanied by a document described as, a declaration of trust,

(d) a reference to the management of assets includes a reference to disposal,

(e) the bond-holder may (but need not) be entitled under the arrangements to terminate them, or participate in terminating them, before the end of the bond term,

(f) the amount of the additional payments may be—

(i) fixed at the beginning of the bond term,

(ii) determined wholly or partly by reference to the value of or income generated by the bond assets, or

(iii) determined in some other way,

(g) if the amount of the additional payments is not fixed at the beginning of the bond term, the reference in subsection (1)(e) to the amount of the additional payments is a reference to the maximum amount of the additional payments,

(h) the amount of the redemption payment may (but need not) be subject to reduction in the event of a fall in the value of the bond assets or in the rate of income generated by them, and

(i) entitlement to the redemption payment may (but need not) be capable of being satisfied (whether or not at the option of the bond-issuer or the bond-holder) by the issue or transfer of shares or other securities.

(3) An order under section 1005 of ITA 2007 (recognised stock exchanges: designation) may designate a stock exchange for the purposes of that section in its application for the purposes of this section only.]

Textual Amendments

F38 Ss. 48A, 48B inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(1)

[F38 48B Alternative finance arrangements: alternative finance investment bond: effects U.K.

(1) Additional payments under arrangements falling within section 48A are alternative finance return for the purpose of this Chapter (subject to the provisions in section 51A about the treatment of discount).

(2) For the purposes of an enactment about any tax (and irrespective of the position for other purposes)—

(a) a bond-holder shall not be treated as having a legal or beneficial interest in the bond assets,

(b) the bond-issuer shall not be treated as a trustee of the bond assets,

(c) profits and gains accruing to the bond-issuer in connection with the bond assets are profits and gains of the bond-issuer and not of the bond-holder (and do not arise to the bond-issuer in a fiduciary or representative capacity),

(d) payments made by the bond-issuer by way of redemption payment or additional payment are not made in a fiduciary or representative capacity, and

(e) a bond-holder shall not be entitled to relief for capital expenditure in connection with bond assets.

(3) Arrangements falling within section 48A are securities for the purposes of an enactment about any tax (including Chapters 1 to 5 of Part 7 of ITEPA 2003); for which purpose—

(a) a reference to redemption shall be taken as a reference to making the redemption payment,

(b) a reference to interest shall be taken as a reference to alternative finance return, and

(c) for the purposes of section 84 the bond issuer shall be treated as being party as debtor to a capital market arrangement.

(4) Arrangements falling within section 48A are a corporate bond, issued on the date on which the arrangements are entered into, for the purposes of section 117 of TCGA 1992 (qualifying corporate bonds) if—

(a) the capital is expressed in sterling,

(b) the arrangements do not include provision for the redemption payment to be in a currency other than sterling,

(c) entitlement to the redemption payment is not capable of conversion (directly or indirectly) into an entitlement to the issue of securities apart from other arrangements falling within section 48A, and

(d) the additional payments are not determined wholly or partly by reference to the value of the bond assets;

and section 117(2) shall have effect for the purposes of this subsection as for the purposes of section 117(1).

(5) Arrangements falling within section 48A shall not be treated—

(a) as a unit trust scheme for the purposes of TCGA 1992,

(b) as a unit trust scheme for the purposes of section 469 of ICTA or section 1007 of ITA 2007 (distributions),

(c) as an offshore fund for the purposes of Chapter 5 of Part 17 of ICTA (offshore funds), or

(d) as a relevant holding for the purposes of paragraph 4 of Schedule 10 to FA 1996 (loan relationships: collective investment schemes).

(6) A bond-issuer is not a securitisation company for the purposes of section 83 (unless it is one by virtue of arrangements which do not fall within section 48A).

(7) For the purposes of section 417 of ICTA (close companies)—

(a) a bond-holder is a loan creditor in respect of the bond-issuer;

(b) arrangements falling within section 48A shall be disregarded in the application of section 417(1)(d).

(8) For the purposes of Schedule 18 to ICTA (group relief)—

(a) a bond-holder is a loan creditor in respect of the bond-issuer;

(b) paragraph 1(5)(b) shall be disregarded in determining whether a person is an equity holder by virtue of arrangements falling within section 48A.]

Textual Amendments

F38 Ss. 48A, 48B inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(1)

Arrangements giving rise to profit share return U.K.

49 Alternative finance arrangements: [F39 deposit] U.K.

(1) Subject to section 52, arrangements fall within this section if they are arrangements under which—

(a) a person (“the depositor”) deposits money with a financial institution,

(b) the money, together with money deposited with the institution by other persons, is used by the institution with a view to producing a profit,

(c) from time to time the institution makes or credits a payment to the depositor, in proportion to the amount deposited by him, out of any profit resulting from the use of the money, and

(d) the payments so made or credited by the institution equate, in substance, to the return on an investment of money at interest.

[F40 (2) Amounts paid or credited as mentioned in subsection (1)(c) by a financial institution under arrangements falling within this section are profit share return for the purposes of this Chapter.]

Textual Amendments

F39 Word in s. 49 heading substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(2)(b)

F40 S. 49(2) substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(2)(a)

[F41 49A Alternative finance arrangements: profit share agency U.K.

(1) Subject to section 52, arrangements fall within this section if they are arrangements under which—

(a) a person (“the principal”) appoints a financial institution as his agent,

(b) the agent uses money provided by the principal with a view to producing a profit,

(c) the principal is entitled, to a specified extent, to profits resulting from the use of the money,

(d) the agent is entitled to any additional profits resulting from the use of the money (and may also be entitled to a fee to be paid by the principal), and

(e) payments in pursuance of the entitlement specified in paragraph (c) equate, in substance, to the return on an investment of the money at interest.

(2) Amounts paid or credited by a financial institution in accordance with an entitlement of the kind specified in subsection (1)(c) are profit share return for the purposes of this Chapter.

(3) The principal shall not be treated for the purposes of the Tax Acts as entitled to profits to which the agent is entitled in accordance with subsection (1)(d) [F42 (and the agent is treated as entitled to the profits specified in subsection (1)(c) and (d))] .]

Textual Amendments

F41 S. 49A inserted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(3)

F42 Words in s. 49A(3) inserted (19.7.2007) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 54

Treatment of alternative finance arrangements U.K.

50 Treatment of alternative finance arrangements: companies U.K.

(1) Where a company is a party to arrangements falling within section 47 [F43 , 47A or 48A], Chapter 2 of Part 4 of FA 1996 (loan relationships) has effect in relation to the arrangements as if—

(a) the arrangements were a loan relationship to which the company is a party,

(b) [F44 in the case of arrangements within section 47,] any amount which is the purchase price for the purposes of section 47(1)(b) were the amount of a loan made (as the case requires) to the company by, or by the company to, the other party to the arrangements, and

[F45 (ba) in the case of arrangements within section 47A, the consideration paid by the financial institution for the acquisition of its beneficial interest were the amount of a loan made (as the case requires) to the company by, or by the company to, the other party to the arrangements,]

(c) alternative finance return payable to or by the company under the arrangements were interest payable under that loan relationship.

(2) Where a company is a party to arrangements falling within section 49, Chapter 2 of Part 4 of FA 1996 (loan relationships) has effect in relation to the arrangements as if—

(a) the arrangements were a loan relationship to which the company is a party,

(b) any amount deposited under the arrangements were—

(i) in relation to a company which is the depositor under the arrangements, the amount of a loan made by the company to the financial institution, and

(ii) in relation to a company which is the financial institution with which the depositor deposits money under the arrangements, the amount of a loan made to it by the depositor, and

(c) profit share return payable to or by the company under the arrangements were interest payable under that loan relationship.

[F46 (2A) Where a company is a party to arrangements falling within section 49A, Chapter 2 of Part 4 of FA 1996 (loan relationships) has effect in relation to the arrangements as if—

(a) the arrangements were a loan relationship to which the company is a party,

(b) the amount provided under the arrangements were—

(i) in relation to a company which is the principal under the arrangements, the amount of a loan made by the company to the agent, and

(ii) in relation to a company which is the agent under the arrangements, the amount of a loan made to it by the principal, and

(c) profit share return payable to or by the company under the arrangements were interest payable under that loan relationship.]

(3) Accordingly, references in the Corporation Tax Acts to a loan relationship include references to alternative finance arrangements.

(4) In subsection (2)(b), “depositor” is to be read in accordance with section 49(1)(a).

Textual Amendments

F43 Words in s. 50(1) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(4)

F44 Words in s. 50(1)(b) added (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(4)(b)

F45 S. 50(1)(ba) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(4)(c)

F46 S. 50(2A) inserted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(4)

51 Treatment of alternative finance arrangements: persons other than companies U.K.

(1) Alternative finance return or profit share return is to be treated for the purposes of ITTOIA 2005 as if it were interest.

(2) Sections 353 to [F47 367 of ICTA and Chapter 1 of Part 8 of ITA 2007 (interest payments)] (relief for payments of interest) have effect as if—

(a) arrangements falling within section 47 involved the making of a loan, and

(b) alternative finance return were interest;

and section 366 [F48 of ICTA and section 412 of ITA 2007] (information) shall have effect accordingly.

(3) Subsections (4) and (5) apply to the extent that a person other than a company is a party to alternative finance arrangements for the purposes of a trade, profession or vocation carried on by him or for the purposes of a property business of his.

(4) Alternative finance return or profit share return paid by him is to be treated as an expense of the trade, profession or vocation or of the property business.

(5) Section 58 of ITTOIA 2005 (incidental costs of obtaining finance) has effect as if—

(a) references to a loan included references to alternative finance arrangements, and

(b) references to interest included references to alternative finance return or profit share return.

Textual Amendments

F47 Words in s. 51(2) substituted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 598(a) (with Sch. 2)

F48 Words in s. 51(2) inserted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 598(b) (with Sch. 2)

[F49 51A Discount U.K.

(1) This section applies where part of the additional payments in respect of arrangements falling within section 48A equates in substance to discount (“the discount element”).

(2) The discount element shall not be treated as alternative finance return for the purposes of income tax.

(3) The discount element shall be treated—

(a) in accordance with section 381 of ITTOIA 2005, or

(b) where the arrangements falling within section 48A are deeply discounted securities for the purpose of Chapter 8 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005, in accordance with that Chapter.]

Textual Amendments

F49 S. 51A inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(5)

52 Provision not at arm's length U.K.

(1) This section applies where—

(a) arrangements would apart from this section fall within section 47 [F50 , 47A][F51 , [F52 48A,] 49 or 49A,]

(b) paragraph 1(2) of Schedule 28AA to ICTA (provision not at arm's length) requires the profits and losses of any person who is a party to the arrangements to be computed for tax purposes as if the arm's length provision referred to in paragraph 1(2)(a) of that Schedule had been made or imposed instead of the arrangements, and

(c) any person who is for the purposes of that Schedule an affected person is entitled to—

(i) relevant return, or

(ii) an amount representing relevant return,

but is not subject to income tax or corporation tax, or any corresponding tax under the law of a territory outside the United Kingdom, on the relevant return or the amount representing it.

(2) In this section “relevant return”, in relation to any arrangements, means any amount that would be alternative finance return or profit share return if the arrangements were alternative finance arrangements.

(3) The arrangements are not to be regarded as falling within section 47[F53 , 47A][F54 , [F55 48A,] 49 or 49A.]

(4) Where the arrangements would, but for subsection (3), fall within section [F56 47 [F57 , 47A or 48A] ,] the person paying relevant return under the arrangements is not entitled—

(a) to any deduction in computing profits or gains for the purposes of income tax or corporation tax, or

(b) to any deduction [F58 in calculating net income or, as the case may be, against] total profits,

in respect of the relevant return.

(5) Where the arrangements would, but for subsection (3), fall within section [F59 49 or 49A,] the person paying relevant return under the arrangements is not entitled—

(a) to any deduction in computing profits or gains for the purposes of income tax or corporation tax, or

(b) to any deduction [F60 in calculating net income or, as the case may be, against] total profits,

in respect of the relevant return.

(6) Where the person paying relevant return under the arrangements is a company, an amount may not be surrendered by way of group relief if a deduction in respect of it is prohibited by subsection (4) or (5).

Textual Amendments

F50 Words in s. 52(1)(a) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(5)(a)

F51 Words in s. 52(1)(a) substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(5)(a)

F52 Word in s. 52(1) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(6)(a)

F53 Words in s. 52(3) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(5)(b)

F54 Words in s. 52(3) substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(5)(b)

F55 Word in s. 52(3) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(6)(b)

F56 Words in s. 52(4) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(5)(c)

F57 Words in s. 52(4) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(6)(c)

F58 Words in s. 52(4)(b) substituted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 599(2) (with Sch. 2)

F59 Words in s. 52(5) substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(5)(c)

F60 Words in s. 52(5)(b) substituted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 599(3) (with Sch. 2)

53 Treatment of section 47 [F61 , 47A or 48A] arrangements: sale and purchase of asset U.K.

(1) Where under arrangements falling within section 47 [F62 , 47A or 48A] an asset is sold by one party to the arrangements to the other party, the effective return shall be excluded in determining for the purposes of the Tax Acts (apart from that section) and of TCGA 1992 the consideration for the sale and purchase of the asset.

(2) Subsection (1) does not affect the operation of any provision of the Tax Acts or TCGA 1992 which provides that the consideration for a sale or purchase is to be taken for any purpose to be an amount other than the actual consideration.

[F63 (3) In the application of this section to section 47A [F64 or 48A] a reference to the effective return is a reference to the alternative finance return.]

Textual Amendments

F61 Words in s. 53 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(7)(a)

F62 Words in s. 53(1) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(7)(a)

F63 S. 53(3) added (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(6)(b)

F64 Words in s. 53(3) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(7)(b)

54 [F65 Return not to be treated as distribution] U.K.

[F66 (1)] Profit share return is not to be treated by virtue of section 209(2)(e)(iii) of ICTA as being a distribution for the purposes of the Corporation Tax Acts.

[F67 (2) Neither additional payments nor any part of the redemption payment under arrangements falling within section 48A are to be treated by virtue of section 209(2)(e)(iii) of ICTA as being a distribution for the purposes of the Corporation Tax Acts.]

Textual Amendments

F65 S. 54 heading substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(8)(c)

F66 S. 54(1): s. 54 renumbered as s. 54(1) (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(8)(a)

F67 S. 54(2) inserted (with effect in accordance with s. 53(13)(14) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(8)(b)

Supplementary U.K.

55 Further provisions U.K.

Schedule 2 (which contains further provision about the treatment of alternative finance arrangements for the purposes of income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax) has effect.

56 Application of Chapter U.K.

(1) This Chapter has effect in relation to alternative finance arrangements entered into on or after 6th April 2005.

(2) To the extent provided by subsections (3) to (6), this Chapter also has effect in relation to alternative finance arrangements falling within section 49 entered into before 6th April 2005 under which profit share return is payable on or after that date (“existing profit share arrangements”).

(3) For the purposes of income tax, this Chapter has effect in relation to payments of profit share return made on or after 6th April 2005 under existing profit share arrangements to a person other than a company.

(4) Where a company is a party to existing profit share arrangements—

(a) this Chapter has effect in relation to the company in relation to those arrangements with effect from 6th April 2005, and

(b) for the purposes of Chapter 2 of Part 4 of FA 1996, the loan which is treated by section 50 as made by or to the company is a loan made on 6th April 2005 of an amount equal to the notional carrying value of the asset or liability representing the existing profit share arrangements.

(5) For the purposes of subsection (4)(b) the notional carrying value is the amount which would have been the carrying value of the asset or liability in the accounts of the company (prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice) if a period of accounts had ended immediately before 6th April 2005.

(6) Section 54 has effect in relation to profit share return paid by a company on or after 6th April 2005 under existing profit share arrangements.

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 S. 56 modified (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(11)

C2 S. 56 modified (19.7.2007) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 53(13)

57 Interpretation of Chapter U.K.

In this Chapter—

• “alternative finance arrangements” has the meaning given by section 46(1);

• “alternative finance return” has the meaning given by [F68 sections 47(6) and (7) and 47A(5)];

• “financial institution” has the meaning given by section 46(2);

• “profit share return” has the meaning given by [F69 sections 49(2) and 49A(2)];

• “property business” has the meaning given by section 263(6) of ITTOIA 2005.

Textual Amendments

F68 Words in s. 57 substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 96(8) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 96(7)

F69 Words in s. 57 substituted (19.7.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 95(7)

Chapter 6 U.K. Film relief

Tax relief for limited-budget films U.K.

F70 58 Relief for production and acquisition expenditure on limited-budget films U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

Restrictions on relief U.K.

F70 59 Restrictions on relief for production and acquisition expenditure U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

Deferred income agreements U.K.

F70 60 Deferred income agreements which exist when relief claimed U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 61 Meaning of “deferred income agreement in respect of a film” U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 62 Deferred income agreements entered into after relief claimed U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 63 Sections 60 to 62: supplementary U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 64 Transitional provision for years of assessment before the year 2005-06 U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 65 Corresponding provision in ITTOIA 2005 U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

Companies benefited by film relief: exit charges U.K.

F70 66 When a chargeable event occurs U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 67 Consequences of a chargeable event: exit event X or Y U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 68 Exit event Z: a relevant disposal at an undervalue U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 69 Consequences of a chargeable event: exit event Z U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 70 Valuation of the “rights to guaranteed income” and “disposed rights” U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

F70 71 Meaning of “company” and related terms U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F70 Ss. 58-71 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4) Note 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(4)

Chapter 7 U.K. F71 Avoidance involving partnership

Textual Amendments

F71 Pt. 2 Ch. 7 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

Partners: restrictions on relief U.K.

F71 72 Removal of restrictions on interest relief U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F71 73 Meaning of “contribution to the trade” U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Partners: recovery of excess relief U.K.

F72 74 Recovery of excess relief given under section 380 or 381 of ICTA U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F72 Ss. 74-78 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 600, Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F72 75 Computing the chargeable amount U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F72 Ss. 74-78 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 600, Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F72 76 Meaning of “relevant loss” U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F72 Ss. 74-78 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 600, Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F72 77 Transitional provision for years of assessment before the year 2005-06 U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F72 Ss. 74-78 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 600, Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

F72 78 Consequential amendments U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F72 Ss. 74-78 repealed (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 600, Sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 2)

Partners benefited by film relief U.K.

F71 79 Meaning of “capital contribution to the trade” U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 8 U.K. Accounting practice and related matters

80 Accounting practice and related matters U.K.

(1) Schedule 4 (accounting practice and related matters) has effect.

(2) In that Schedule—

• Part 1 makes provision about bad debts and related matters;

• Part 2 makes other provision connected with accounting practice.

(3) Part 1 of the Schedule, so far as it amends provisions that have effect both for income tax and corporation tax, has effect for the purposes of corporation tax only.

(4) Except as otherwise provided, the provisions of the Schedule have effect for periods of account beginning on or after 1st January 2005.

81 Computation of profits: change of accounting basis U.K.

(1) In section 64 of FA 2002 (computation of profits: adjustment on change of basis), for subsection (3) (meaning of “relevant change of accounting approach”) substitute—

“(3) A “relevant change of accounting approach” means—

(a) a change of accounting principle or practice that, in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice, gives rise to a prior period adjustment, or

(b) a change from using UK generally accepted accounting practice to using generally accepted accounting practice with respect to accounts drawn up in accordance with international accounting standards.”.

(2) In paragraphs 4(3) and 5(2) of Schedule 22 to FA 2002 (adjustments treated as arising on the last day of the first period of account for which the new basis is adopted), for “last day” substitute “ first day ”.

(3) The amendments in this section have effect for periods of account beginning on or after 1st January 2005.

82 Change of accounting practice: deferment of transitional adjustments U.K.

(1) This section applies where—

(a) a company enters into a transaction on or after 14th December 2004, otherwise than in the ordinary course of its business,

(b) as a result of the transaction it incurs a loss in respect of a loan relationship or derivative contract in respect of which, apart from this section, a debit would fall to be brought into account for tax purposes in a period of account beginning before 1st January 2005,

(c) the sole or main purpose of the company in entering into the transaction at the time it did was to enable it to bring a debit into account for tax purposes in such a period, and

(d) if the company had continued to hold the asset or liability representing the loan relationship or derivative contract, as it was held immediately before the transaction referred to in paragraph (a), in its first period of account beginning on or after 1st January 2005, a debit would have arisen in respect of the loan relationship or derivative contract in that period that was a prescribed debit for the purposes of regulation 3 of the Loan Relationship and Derivative Contracts (Change of Accounting Practice) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/3271) (debits not to be brought into account until the company's first period beginning on or after 1st January 2006).

(2) Where this section applies no such debit as is mentioned in subsection (1)(b) shall be brought into account in the period of account mentioned there, but a debit of the same amount shall instead be brought into account as if it were a prescribed debit for the purposes of the regulation referred to in subsection (1)(d) (even though the loss giving rise to the debit was incurred before 1st January 2005).

(3) In determining the sole or main purpose of a company for the purposes of subsection (1)(c) regard shall be had to anything done by a connected company that would be relevant for the purposes of that determination if done by the company in question.

For this purpose companies are connected if they are connected persons within the meaning of section 839 of ICTA.

(4) For the purposes of subsection (1)(d) it shall be assumed that the loan relationship or derivative contract has the same value at the beginning of the company's first period of account beginning on or after 1st January 2005 as it had at the time of the transaction referred to in subsection (1)(a).

(5) This section does not apply where the transaction is entered into in pursuance of legally binding arrangements entered into before 14th December 2004.

(6) In this section, references to a company entering into a transaction include a reference to the company, or the directors of the company, taking a decision about a loan relationship or derivative contract that affects its treatment for accounting purposes (other than a decision to prepare some or all of the company's accounts in accordance with international accounting standards).

83 Application of accounting standards to securitisation companies U.K.

(1) For the purposes of the Corporation Tax Acts as they apply to a securitisation company in relation to a period of account—

(a) beginning on or after 1st January 2005, and

(b) [F73 (subject to subsection (7A)(a))] ending before [F74 1st January 2008],

generally accepted accounting practice shall be taken to be UK generally accepted accounting practice as it applied for a period of account ending on 31st December 2004.

(2) For the purposes of this section a “securitisation company” means a company that is—

(a) a note-issuing company,

(b) an asset-holding company,

(c) an intermediate borrowing company,

(d) a warehouse company, or

(e) a commercial paper funded company,

as defined below.

(3) A “note-issuing company” means a company in relation to which the following conditions are met—

(a) it is party as debtor to a capital market investment,

(b) the securities that represent the capital market investment are issued wholly or mainly to independent persons,

(c) the capital market investment is part of a capital market arrangement, F75 . . .

(d) the total value of the capital market investments made under that capital market arrangement is at least £50 million [F76 , and

(e) if it has any business apart from the activity mentioned in paragraph (a) (and any incidental activities) it consists in one or both of the following—

(i) acquiring, holding and managing assets forming the whole or part of the security for the capital market arrangement;

(ii) acting as guarantor in respect of loan relationships, derivative contracts, finance leases or other liabilities of other companies where the whole, or substantially the whole, of the company's rights in respect of the guarantee (including any right of subrogation) form the whole or part of the security for the capital market arrangement.]

(4) An “asset-holding company” means a company—

(a) whose business (apart from any incidental activities) consists in acquiring, holding and managing assets forming the whole or part of the security for a capital market arrangement entered into by a note-issuing company, and

(b) whose liabilities representing debtor relationships are owed wholly or mainly to a note-issuing company or intermediate borrowing company.

(5) An “intermediate borrowing company” means a company—

(a) whose only business is to enter into and be a party to creditor relationships with an asset-holding company [F77 (or another intermediate borrowing company)], and

(b) whose liabilities representing debtor relationships are owed wholly, or substantially wholly, to a note-issuing company [F78 (or another intermediate borrowing company)].

(6) A “warehouse company” means a company whose business consists wholly of acquiring and holding financial assets for the purpose—

(a) of transferring them to a company (whether or not yet in existence) that at the time of the transfer is, or as a result of the transfer will become, an asset-holding or note-issuing company, or

(b) of itself becoming an asset-holding or note-issuing company.

(7) A “commercial paper funded company” means—

(a) a company that was an asset-holding company but whose obligations under debtor relationships to a note-issuing company or intermediate borrowing company—

(i) have been transferred to, or

(ii) have been replaced by obligations under debtor relationships to,

one or more companies carrying on a business of banking, or

(b) a company that was an intermediate borrowing company but whose obligations under debtor relationships to a note-issuing company—

(i) have been transferred to, or

(ii) have been replaced by obligations under debtor relationships to,

one or more companies carrying on a business of banking.

[F79 (7A) The Treasury may by regulations—

(a) make provision for subsection (1) to apply in relation to periods of account ending on or after 1st January 2008 but before a date specified by the regulations, and

(b) make provision modifying any provision of, or made under, the Corporation Tax Acts in relation to the first period of account of securitisation companies in the case of which subsection (1) does not apply (whether by virtue of that subsection itself or regulations under paragraph (a)).

(7B) Regulations under subsection (7A)(a) may, in particular—

(a) specify a date only in relation to specified descriptions of company,

(b) specify different dates in relation to different descriptions of company, and

(c) include provision for a company to elect that the regulations are to apply to it or provision for a company to elect that they are not to apply to it.]

(8) In this section—

• “asset” includes any option, future or contract for differences as defined for the purposes of Schedule 26 to FA 2002 (derivative contracts) (see paragraph 12 of that Schedule);

• “capital market investment” and “capital market arrangement” have the same meaning as in section 72B(1) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (c. 45) (see paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Schedule 2A to that Act);

• “company” includes a partnership;

• “financial asset” has the meaning it has for accounting purposes; and

• “independent persons” means persons who are not connected with the company.

(9) Section 839 of ICTA (connected persons) applies for the purposes of the definition above of “independent persons”, except that in applying the definition of “control” in that section a person is not to be treated as a participator in a company by reason only that he is a loan creditor of the company.

Textual Amendments

F73 Words in s. 83(1)(b) inserted (19.7.2007) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 59(2)

F74 Words in s. 83(1)(b) substituted (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(2)(6) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F75 Word in s. 83(3)(c) repealed (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(3)(a)(6), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(19) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F76 S. 83(3)(e) and word inserted (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(3)(b)(6) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F77 Words in s. 83(5)(a) inserted (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(4)(a)(6) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F78 Words in s. 83(5)(b) inserted (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(4)(b)(6) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F79 S. 83(7A)(7B) inserted (19.7.2007) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 59(3)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C3 S. 83 excluded (with effect in accordance with reg. 1(2) of the amending S.I.) by The Taxation of Securitisation Companies Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/3296), regs. 1(1), 21

84 Taxation of securitisation companies U.K.

(1) The Treasury may make provision by regulations as to the application of the Corporation Tax Acts in relation to a securitisation company.

(2) For the purposes of this section a “securitisation company” means a company—

(a) in relation to which the following conditions are met—

(i) it is party as debtor to a capital market investment,

(ii) securities representing that capital market investment are issued, and

(iii) the capital market investment is part of a capital market arrangement,

and which meets such other conditions as may be specified; or

(b) of a description specified by reference to its relationship, direct or indirect, with a company within paragraph (a).

(3) The regulations may, in particular—

(a) provide for the application, modification or non-application of any of the provisions of the Corporation Tax Acts;

(b) provide—

(i) that the amount of profits of any specified description (before any such adjustments as are mentioned in paragraph (c)) is to be taken to be such amount, or is to be calculated on such basis, as may be specified, and

(ii) that that amount is to be brought into account for corporation tax purposes instead of any specified amount that would otherwise fall to be brought into account;

(c) provide for specified adjustments to be made to the amount to be brought into account for corporation tax purposes;

(d) provide—

(i) that the regulations apply to a company only if an election [F80 that they are to apply is made or that the regulations do not apply to a company if an election that they are not to apply is made,] [F81 and]

F82 (ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iii) that once subject to the regulations a company shall continue to be so for all subsequent periods of account;

(e) impose conditions that must be met if a company is to have, or continue to have, the benefit of the regulations; and

(f) provide for the consequences of failing to meet any specified condition (which may include recalculating, on the basis that the regulations did not apply, the company's profits for previous periods).

(4) The regulations may make different provision for different descriptions of company.

[F83 (5) The regulations—

(a) may make incidental, supplementary, consequential or transitional provision or savings (including provision amending any provision of, or made under, the Taxes Acts (within the meaning of section 118(1) of TMA 1970)), and

(b) may include provision having effect (in the case of provision relating to corporation tax) from the beginning of periods of account current when the regulations are made or (in the case of provision relating to income tax or capital gains tax) in relation to times before the regulations are made.]

(6) In this section—

• “capital market investment” and “capital market arrangement” have the same meaning as in section 72B(1) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (c. 45) (see paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 of Schedule 2A to that Act); and

• “specified” means specified in regulations under this section.

(7) The first regulations under this section shall not be made unless a draft of the regulations has been laid before and approved by a resolution of the House of Commons.

Textual Amendments

F80 Words in s. 84(3)(d) substituted (19.7.2007) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 59(5)

F81 Word in s. 84(3)(d)(i) inserted (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(5)(a)(i)(6) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F82 S. 84(3)(d)(ii) and word repealed (retrospectively) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 101(5)(a)(ii)(6), Sch. 26 Pt. 3(19) (with s. 101(7)-(8))

F83 S. 84(5) substituted (19.7.2007) by Finance Act 2007 (c. 11), s. 59(6)

Chapter 9 U.K. International matters

Double taxation relief: general U.K.

85 Dividends by reference to which a deduction is allowed: no underlying tax U.K.

(1) In section 799 of ICTA (computation of underlying tax) after subsection (2) insert—

“(2A) No underlying tax shall be taken into account under subsection (1) above in the case of a dividend if, under the law of any territory outside the United Kingdom, a deduction is allowed to a resident of that territory in respect of an amount determined by reference to the dividend.”.

(2) The amendment made by this section has effect in relation to dividends paid on or after 16th March 2005.

Double taxation relief: restrictions U.K.

86 Limits on credit: income tax and corporation tax: trading profits U.K.

(1) For sections 798 to 798B of ICTA (double taxation relief: foreign interest and dividends) substitute—

“798 Section 796: trade income

(1) This section has effect in relation to the application of section 796(1) to the allowance of credit for foreign tax against income tax in respect of trade income.

(2) In making the computations required by section 796(1)(a) and (b) there shall be deducted from the amount of the income in respect of which the credit is to be allowed deductions, charges or expenses which would be allowable in a computation of the taxpayer's liability in respect of that income.

(3) The reference in subsection (2) to allowable deductions, charges or expenses includes a reference to a reasonable apportionment of allowable deductions or expenses which relate partly to the income and partly to other matters.

(4) Where royalties (as defined in arrangements having effect by virtue of section 788) are paid in respect of an asset in more than one jurisdiction outside the United Kingdom, for the purposes of section 796(1)—

(a) royalty income arising in different jurisdictions (other than the United Kingdom) in a year of assessment in respect of that asset shall be treated as a single item of income, and

(b) credits available for foreign tax in respect of the royalty income shall be aggregated accordingly.

(5) In this section “trade income” means income chargeable to tax under—

(a) Chapter 2 or 18 of Part 2 of ITTOIA 2005 (trade profits and post-cessation receipts),

(b) Chapter 3 or 10 of Part 3 of ITTOIA 2005 (profits of property businesses and post-cessation receipts), or

(c) Chapter 11 of Part 3 of ITTOIA 2005 (overseas property income).

798A Section 797: trade income

(1) This section has effect in relation to the application of section 797(1) to the allowance of credit for foreign tax against corporation tax in respect of trade income.

(2) The reference in section 797(1) to the relevant income or gain shall be treated as referring only to income arising or gains accruing out of the transaction, arrangement or asset in connection with which the credit for foreign tax arises.

(3) In determining for the purposes of section 797(1) the amount of corporation tax attributable to any income or gain, there shall be taken into account—

(a) deductions or expenses which would be allowable in the computation of the taxpayer's liability,

(b) a reasonable apportionment of allowable deductions or expenses which relate partly to the transaction, arrangement or asset from which the income or gain arises and partly to other matters, and

(c) expenses of a company connected (within the meaning given by section 839) with the taxpayer, in so far as reasonably attributable to the income or gain.

(4) In this section and section 798B “trade income” means—

(a) income or profits chargeable to tax under Case I, II or V of Schedule D,

(b) profits of a Schedule A business computed in same way as the profits of a trade in accordance with section 21A of ICTA,

(c) sums charged to tax under Case VI of Schedule D in accordance with section 104 of ICTA, and

(d) any other income or profits which by a provision of ICTA is chargeable to tax under, or computed in accordance with, Case I of Schedule D;

but this section shall not apply in relation to income to which section 804C below applies.

798B Section 798A: special cases

(1) Where—

(a) a credit for foreign tax arises in connection with an asset, and

(b) the asset is in a hedging relationship with a derivative contract,

in the application of section 798A(2) the reference to the income arising out of the asset shall be taken as a reference to the income arising out of the asset and the derivative contract taken together (but taking account of the income or loss from the derivative contract only in so far as reasonably attributable to the hedging relationship).

(2) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b) an asset is in a hedging relationship with a derivative contract if—

(a) the asset is acquired as a hedge of risk in connection with the contract, or

(b) the contract is entered into as a hedge of risk in connection with the asset;

and if an asset or a contract is wholly or partly designated as a hedge for the purposes of a person's accounts, that shall be conclusive for the purpose of this subsection.

(3) Where royalties (as defined in arrangements having effect by virtue of section 788) are paid in respect of an asset in more than one jurisdiction outside the United Kingdom, for the purposes of section 798A(2)—

(a) royalty income arising in more than one jurisdiction (other than the United Kingdom) in a year of assessment in respect of that asset shall be treated as income arising from a single transaction, arrangement or asset, and

(b) credits available for foreign tax in respect of the royalty income shall be aggregated accordingly.

(4) If a person (“A”) carrying on a trade giving rise to trade income enters into a scheme or arrangement with another person (“B”) a main purpose of which is to alter the effect of section 798A in relation to A, income received in pursuance of the scheme or arrangement shall be treated for the purposes of section 798A as trade income of B (and not as income of A).

(5) Where—

(a) transactions, arrangements or assets are treated by a taxpayer as a series or group (the “portfolio”),

(b) a number of credits for foreign tax arise in respect of the portfolio, and

(c) either—

(i) it is not reasonably practicable to prepare a separate computation of income or gain for the purposes of section 798A(2) in respect of each transaction, arrangement or asset, or

(ii) a separate computation of income or gain in respect of each transaction, arrangement or asset for the purposes of section 798A(2) would not, compared with an aggregated computation, make a material difference to the amount of credit for foreign tax which is allowable,

the income or gains arising from the portfolio, or part of the portfolio, may be aggregated and apportioned for the purposes of section 798A(2) in a fair and reasonable manner.

798C Disallowed credit: use as deduction

(1) This section applies where the application of section 796(1) or 797(1) prevents an amount of credit for foreign tax from being allowable against income tax or corporation tax.

(2) The amount of disallowed credit may be taken into account as a deduction in computing the taxpayer's liability for income tax or corporation tax, but only in so far as it does not exceed the amount of any loss attributable to the income or gain in respect of which the foreign tax was paid (for which purpose payment of the foreign tax is to be taken into account, despite section 795(2)).”

(2) In section 803 of ICTA (underlying tax reflecting interest on loans)—

(a) in subsection (1)(d) for “section 798” substitute “ section 798A ”, and

(b) subsections (4) to (9) shall cease to have effect.

(3) Subsections (1) and (2) shall have effect—

(a) for the purposes of corporation tax, in relation to a credit for foreign tax which relates to—

(i) a payment of foreign tax on or after 16th March 2005, or

(ii) income received on or after that date in respect of which foreign tax has been deducted at source, and

(b) for the purposes of income tax, in relation to a credit for foreign tax which relates to—

(i) a payment of foreign tax on or after 6th April 2005, or

(ii) income received on or after that date in respect of which foreign tax has been deducted at source.

(4) In subsection (3) a reference to tax deducted at source is a reference to tax deducted or treated as deducted from income, or treated as paid in respect of income.

(5) In respect of dividends paid before 1st January 2006, the effect of section 798 or 798A of ICTA in respect of credit for foreign tax shall be disregarded to the extent that it would otherwise reduce the allowable credit to less than 50% of the foreign tax; but this subsection shall not apply to tax paid as part of a scheme or arrangement designed or entered into for the purposes of causing this subsection to apply.

87 Schemes and arrangements designed to increase relief U.K.

(1) After section 804 of ICTA insert—

“804ZA Schemes and arrangements designed to increase relief

(1) If the Board consider, on reasonable grounds, that conditions A to D are or may be satisfied in relation to any income or chargeable gain taken or to be taken into account for the purposes of determining a person's liability to tax in a chargeable period, they may give the person a notice under this section.

(2) Condition A is that, in the case of the person, there is in respect of the income or gain an amount of foreign tax for which, under any arrangements, credit is allowable against United Kingdom tax for that chargeable period.

(3) Condition B is that there is a scheme or arrangement the main purpose, or one of the main purposes, of which is to cause an amount of foreign tax to be taken into account in the case of the person for that chargeable period.

(4) Condition C is that the scheme or arrangement is a prescribed scheme or arrangement.

(5) Condition D is that the amount referred to in subsection (6) is more than a minimal amount.

(6) The amount is the aggregate of—

(a) the aggregate amount of the claims for credit that the person has made, or is in a position to make, for the chargeable period; and

(b) for all the persons connected to that person, the aggregate amount of the claims for credit that the connected person has made, or is in a position to make, for a corresponding chargeable period.

(7) A chargeable period of a person (“A”) corresponds to a chargeable period of another person (“B”) if at least one day of A's chargeable period falls within B's chargeable period.

(8) A notice under this section is a notice—

(a) informing the person of the Board's view under subsection (1),

(b) specifying the chargeable period in relation to which the Board formed that view,

(c) if the amount of foreign tax considered by the Board to satisfy condition B is an amount of underlying tax, specifying the body corporate resident in a territory outside the United Kingdom whose payment of foreign tax is relevant to that underlying tax, and

(d) informing the person that as a consequence section 804ZB has effect in relation to him.

(9) A notice under this section may specify the adjustments of a person's tax return that, in the view of the Board, fall to be made by him under section 804ZB(2).

(10) The adjustments specified may, in a case where the notice given to a person specifies a body corporate resident outside the United Kingdom, include treating the body corporate as having paid or being liable to pay only so much foreign tax as would have been allowed to it as a credit if it were resident in the United Kingdom and a notice under this section had been given to it as regards an amount of foreign tax.

(11) Schedule 28AB makes provision about what constitutes a prescribed scheme or arrangement.

(12) In this section and sections 804ZB and 804ZC “tax return” means—

(a) a return under section 8, 8A or 12AA of the Management Act, or

(b) a company tax return;

and “company tax return” means the return required to be delivered pursuant to a notice under paragraph 3 of Schedule 18 to the Finance Act 1998, as read with paragraph 4 of that Schedule.

804ZB Effect of notice under section 804ZA

(1) This section applies in relation to a person if—

(a) a notice under section 804ZA has been given to the person in respect of a chargeable period specified in the notice, and

(b) the chargeable period specified is a chargeable period in relation to which conditions A to D of section 804ZA are satisfied.

(2) The person must in his tax return for the period make (or must amend his return for the period so as to make) such adjustments as are necessary for counteracting the effects of the scheme or arrangement in that period that are referable to the purpose referred to in condition B of section 804ZA.

804ZC Notices under section 804ZA: further provision

(1) Subsection (2) applies if the Board give a notice to a person under section 804ZA before the person has made his tax return for the chargeable period specified in the notice.

(2) If the person makes a tax return for that period before the end of the period of 90 days beginning with the day on which the notice is given, he may—

(a) make a tax return that disregards the notice, and

(b) at any time after making the return and before the end of the period of 90 days, amend the return for the purpose of complying with the notice.

(3) If a person has made a tax return for a chargeable period, the Board may only give him a notice under section 804ZA in relation to that period if a notice of enquiry has been given to him in respect of his tax return for that period.

(4) After any enquiries into the person's tax return for that period have been completed, the Board may only give him a notice under section 804ZA in relation to that period if the requirements in subsections (5) and (7) are satisfied.

(5) The first requirement is that at the time the enquiries were completed, the Board could not have been reasonably expected, on the basis of the information made available to them or to an officer of theirs before that time, to have been aware that the circumstances were such that a notice under section 804ZA could have been given to the person in relation to that period.

(6) For the purposes of subsection (5)—

(a) section 29(6) and (7) of the Management Act (information made available) applies as it applies for the purposes of section 29(5), and

(b) paragraph 44(2) and (3) of Schedule 18 to the Finance Act 1998 applies as it applies for the purposes of paragraph 44(1).

(7) The second requirement is that—

(a) the person was requested to produce, provide or furnish information during an enquiry into the return for that period, and

(b) if the person had duly complied with the request, the Board could have been reasonably expected to give the person a notice under section 804ZA in relation to that period.

(8) If a person is given a notice under section 804ZA in relation to a chargeable period after having made a tax return for that period, the person may amend the return for the purpose of complying with the notice at any time before the end of the period of 90 days beginning with the day on which the notice is given.

(9) If the notice under section 804ZA is given to the person after he has been given a notice of enquiry in respect of his tax return for the period, no closure notice may be given in relation to his tax return until—

(a) the end of the period of 90 days beginning with the day on which the notice under section 804ZA is given, or

(b) the earlier amendment of the return for the purpose of complying with the notice.

(10) If the notice under section 804ZA is given to the person after any enquiries into the return for the period are completed, no discovery assessment may be made as regards the income or chargeable gain to which the notice relates until—

(a) the end of the period of 90 days beginning with the day on which the notice under section 804ZA is given, or

(b) the earlier amendment of the return for the purpose of complying with the notice.

(11) Subsections (2)(b) and (8) do not prevent a person's tax return for a chargeable period becoming incorrect if—

(a) a notice under section 804ZA is given to the person in relation to that period,

(b) the return is not amended in accordance with subsection (2)(b) or (8) for the purpose of complying with the notice, and

(c) the return ought to have been so amended.

(12) In this section—

• “closure notice” means a notice under—

  (a)

  section 28A or 28B of the Management Act, or

  (b)

  paragraph 32 of Schedule 18 to the Finance Act 1998;

• “discovery assessment” means an assessment under—

  (a)

  section 29 of the Management Act, or

  (b)

  paragraph 41 of Schedule 18 to the Finance Act 1998;

• “notice of enquiry” means a notice under—

  (a)

  section 9A or 12AC of the Management Act, or

  (b)

  paragraph 24 of Schedule 18 to the Finance Act 1998.”

(2) Schedule 5 (which contains a Schedule to be inserted after Schedule 28AA to ICTA) has effect.

(3) This section and Schedule 5 have effect in relation to a credit for foreign tax which relates to—

(a) a payment of foreign tax on or after the commencement date, or

(b) income received on or after the commencement date in respect of which foreign tax has been deducted at source.

(4) In subsection (3) a reference to tax deducted at source is a reference to tax deducted or treated as deducted from income, or treated as paid in respect of income.

(5) In subsection (3) “the commencement date” means—

(a) so far as the amount of the credit for foreign tax is affected by a scheme or arrangement to which paragraph 5 of Schedule 28AB to ICTA (as inserted by Schedule 5) applies, 10th February 2005, and

(b) so far as the amount of the credit for foreign tax is affected by any other prescribed scheme or arrangement (within the meaning of Schedule 28AB), 16th March 2005.

88 Self-assessment amendments U.K.

(1) In section 9A of TMA 1970 (notice of enquiry), in subsection (4) (matters to which an enquiry extends) after paragraph (b) insert—

“(c) consideration of whether to give the taxpayer a notice under section 804ZA of the principal Act (schemes and arrangements designed to increase relief),”.

(2) In section 29 of TMA 1970 (assessment where loss of tax discovered), after subsection (7) insert—

“(7A) The requirement to fulfil one of the two conditions mentioned above does not apply so far as regards any income or chargeable gains of the taxpayer in relation to which the taxpayer has been given, after any enquiries have been completed into the taxpayer's return, a notice under section 804ZA of the principal Act.”

(3) In Schedule 18 to FA 1998 (company tax returns, assessments, etc), in paragraph 25(1) (scope of enquiry) after “medium-sized enterprise)” insert “ or a notice under section 804ZA of the Taxes Act 1988 (schemes and arrangements designed to increase relief) ”.

(4) In paragraph 42 of that Schedule (restrictions on power to make discovery assessment etc), after sub-paragraph (2) insert—

“(2A) Those restrictions, other than the restriction in paragraph 45, do not apply so far as regards any income or chargeable gains of the company in relation to which the company has been given, after any enquiries have been completed into the return, a notice under section 804ZA of the Taxes Act 1988.”

(5) The amendments made by this section have effect in accordance with section 87(3).

Controlled foreign companies U.K.

89 ADP dividends and double taxation relief U.K.

(1) Section 801 of ICTA (dividends paid between related companies: relief for UK and third country taxes) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (2A) (restriction on cases where section 799(1)(b) applies for the purposes of section 801(2)) after paragraph (a) insert—

“(aa) if the overseas company is an ADP controlled foreign company as respects any of its accounting periods and the dividend mentioned in subsection (1) above is an ADP dividend of that company (in which case see also subsection (2B)); or”.

(3) After subsection (2A) insert—

“(2B) In any case falling within subsection (2A)(aa) above, section 799(1)(b) applies for the purposes of subsection (2) above as if for section 799(1A) there were substituted—

“(1A) The formula is—

where—

D is the amount of the dividend; and

X is the maximum relievable rate, expressed as a decimal fraction;

and for the purposes of this subsection the maximum relievable rate is the rate of corporation tax in force when the dividend was paid.”.”.

(4) After subsection (5) insert—

“(6) For the purposes of this section—

(a) a controlled foreign company is an “ADP controlled foreign company” as respects any of its accounting periods if, by virtue only of section 748(1)(a), no apportionment under section 747(3) falls to be made as respects that accounting period;

(b) an “ADP dividend” of a controlled foreign company is a dividend by virtue of which the controlled foreign company is an ADP controlled foreign company as respects any of its accounting periods.

(7) In this section—

• “accounting period”, in relation to a controlled foreign company, has the same meaning as in Chapter 4 of Part 17 (see section 751);

• “controlled foreign company” has the same meaning as in Chapter 4 of Part 17 (see section 747(2)).”.

(5) The amendments made by this section have effect where the dividend mentioned in section 799(1) of ICTA is paid on or after 2nd December 2004 and is, or represents, in whole or in part an ADP dividend of an ADP controlled foreign company.

90 Foreign taxation of group as single entity: exclusion of ADP CFCs U.K.

(1) Section 803A of ICTA is amended as follows.

(2) After subsection (1) (company resident in territory outside the UK paying tax in respect of one or more other companies resident in that territory) insert—

“(1A) Where—

(a) a company is (within the meaning of section 801) an ADP controlled foreign company as respects any of its accounting periods, and

(b) the whole or any part of the profits or gains of that accounting period are included in the aggregate profits, or aggregate profits or gains, mentioned in subsection (1) above,

subsection (2) below shall have effect as if the companies mentioned in subsection (1) above did not include that company.”.

(3) The amendment made by this section has effect in relation to dividends paid on or after 16th March 2005.

Annual payments and double taxation relief U.K.

91 Tax avoidance involving annual payments and double taxation relief U.K.

(1) ICTA is amended as follows.

(2) In section 125 (annual payments for non-taxable consideration) in subsection (2) (payments to which the section applies) for paragraph (b) substitute—

“(b) is made under a liability incurred for consideration in money or money's worth all or any of which—

(i) consists of, or of the right to receive, a dividend, or

(ii) is not required to be brought into account in computing for the purposes of income tax or corporation tax the income of the person making the payment.”.

(3) As from 2nd December 2004, the title of that section accordingly becomes “Annual payments for dividends or non-taxable consideration”.

(4) Section 801 (dividends paid between related companies: relief for UK and third country taxes) is amended as follows.

(5) In subsection (2) (case where overseas company has received a dividend from a third company) for “subject to subsections (4) to (4D)” substitute “ subject to subsection (4) ”.

(6) Subsections (4A) to (4D) (which relate to cases where the amount given by the formula in section 799(1) exceeds U in that formula) shall cease to have effect.

(7) The amendment made by subsection (2) has effect in relation to any annual payment made on or after 2nd December 2004 (whether the contract or other arrangement is one made before, on or after that date).

(8) The amendments made by subsections (4) to (6) have effect in relation to dividends paid on or after 2nd December 2004.

Chapter 10 U.K. Miscellaneous

Capital allowances U.K.

92 Capital allowances: renovation of business premises in disadvantaged areas U.K.

Schedule 6 (capital allowances in respect of expenditure on the conversion or renovation of qualifying business premises in disadvantaged areas) has effect in relation to expenditure incurred on or after such day as the Treasury may by order appoint.

Tonnage tax U.K.

93 Tonnage tax U.K.

Schedule 7 (which makes provision amending Schedule 22 to FA 2000) has effect.

Part 3 U.K. Stamp taxes

Stamp duty land tax U.K.

94 Alternative property finance U.K.

Schedule 8 (which makes amendments of Part 4 of FA 2003 relating to alternative property finance) has effect.

Stamp duty land tax and stamp duty U.K.

F84 95 Raising of thresholds U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F84 S. 95 repealed (with effect in accordance with Sch. 26 Pt. 7(1) Note of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), Sch. 26 Pt. 7(1)

96 Removal of disadvantaged areas relief for non-residential property U.K.

Schedule 9 (which provides for the removal, in relation to non-residential property, of relief from stamp duty land tax and stamp duty for land in disadvantaged areas) has effect.

Stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax U.K.

97 Demutualisation of insurance companies U.K.

(1) Section 90 of FA 1986 (other exceptions to the principal charge to stamp duty reserve tax under section 87 of that Act) is amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1A) (section 87 not to apply to agreement to transfer unit under unit trust scheme if instrument giving effect to agreement would be exempt from stamp duty by virtue of provision in paragraph (a) or (b)) after paragraph (b) insert “, or

(c) section 96 of the Finance Act 1997 (demutualisation of insurance companies).”.

(3) Schedule 19 to FA 1999 (stamp duty and stamp duty reserve tax: unit trusts) is amended as follows.

(4) In paragraph 6 (exclusion, in certain cases of change of ownership, of charge to stamp duty reserve tax on surrender of unit to managers) in sub-paragraph (5) (provisions under which certain instruments would be exempt from stamp duty) after paragraph (b) insert “; and

(c) section 96 of the Finance Act 1997 (demutualisation of insurance companies).”.

(5) The amendment in subsection (2) applies where the relevant day for the purposes of section 87 of FA 1986 falls on or after the day on which this Act is passed.

(6) The amendment in subsection (4) applies in relation to surrenders (within the meaning of Part 2 of Schedule 19 to FA 1999) occurring on or after the day on which this Act is passed.

Part 4 U.K. Other taxes

Inheritance tax U.K.

98 Rates and rate bands for the next three years U.K.

(1) For the Table in Schedule 1 to IHTA 1984 (rates and rate bands), as it has effect from time to time, there shall be successively substituted—

(a) the 2005-06 Table, which shall apply to any chargeable transfer made on or after 6th April 2005 (but before 6th April 2006),

(b) the 2006-07 Table, which shall apply to any chargeable transfer made on or after 6th April 2006 (but before 6th April 2007), and

(c) the 2007-08 Table, which shall apply to any chargeable transfer made on or after 6th April 2007.

(2) Subsection (1)(c) is without prejudice to the application of section 8 of IHTA 1984 (indexation) by virtue of the difference between the retail prices index for the month of September in 2006 or any later year and that for the month of September in the following year.

(3) The 2005-06 Table is—

Table of Rates of Tax

Portion of value		Rate of tax
Lower limit (£)	Upper limit (£)	Per cent.
0	275,000	Nil
275,000		40

(4) The 2006-07 Table is—

Table of Rates of Tax

Portion of value	Rate of tax
Lower limit (£)	Upper limit (£)	Per cent.
0	285,000	Nil
285,000		40

(5) The 2007-08 Table is—

Table of Rates of Tax

Portion of value		Rate of tax
Lower limit (£)	Upper limit (£)	Per cent.
0	300,000	Nil
300,000		40

(6) Section 8(1) of IHTA 1984 (indexation of rate bands) shall not have effect as respects any difference between the retail prices index—

(a) for the month of September 2003 and that for the month of September 2004,

(b) for the month of September 2004 and that for the month of September 2005, or

(c) for the month of September 2005 and that for the month of September 2006.

Landfill tax U.K.

99 Rate of landfill tax U.K.

(1) In section 42 of FA 1996 (amount of landfill tax) for the amount specified in subsection (1)(a), and the corresponding amount specified in subsection (2), substitute “ £18 ”.

(2) The amendments made by this section have effect in relation to taxable disposals made, or treated as made, on or after 1st April 2005.

Lorry road-user charge U.K.

100 Lorry road-user charge U.K.

For section 137(7) of FA 2002 (lorry road-user charge: preparatory expenditure) substitute—

“(7) A Minister of the Crown or government department may—

(a) incur expenditure in connection with preparations for lorry road-user charge (including any fuel credit to be paid in respect of fuelling of lorries chargeable in respect of lorry road-user charge);

(b) enter into contracts in respect of the development or provision of equipment, systems or services to be used in connection with lorry road-user charge (including any fuel credit).”

Part 5 U.K. Pensions etc

101 Pension schemes etc. U.K.

Schedule 10 contains provision about pension schemes and related matters.

102 Pension Protection Fund etc. U.K.

(1) The Treasury may by regulations make provision for and in connection with the application of the relevant taxes in relation to—

(a) the Pension Protection Fund,

(b) the Fraud Compensation Fund, and

(c) the Board of the Pension Protection Fund,

and in relation to any person in connection with either of those Funds or that Board.

(2) The provision that may be made by the regulations includes provision imposing any of the relevant taxes (as well as provision for exemptions or reliefs).

(3) The relevant taxes are—

(a) income tax,

(b) capital gains tax,

(c) corporation tax,

(d) inheritance tax,

(e) value added tax, and

(f) stamp duty land tax.

(4) The regulations may, in particular, include provision for and in connection with the taxation of payments made in accordance with the pension compensation provisions (within the meaning of Part 2 of the Pensions Act 2004 (c. 35): see section 162(2) of that Act).

(5) The exemptions and reliefs that may be given by the regulations include, in particular, exemption from—

(a) charges to corporation tax in respect of any income arising from any assets of the Board (or in either Fund) and other receipts of the Board (or either Fund) and any chargeable gains arising from the disposal of any assets of the Board (or in either Fund),

(b) charges to income tax and corporation tax in respect of the levies referred to in sections 117, 174, 175, 189 and 209 of the Pensions Act 2004, and

(c) any charge to capital gains tax, or corporation tax on chargeable gains, in respect of the receipt of fraud compensation payments (within the meaning of Part 2 of that Act: see section 182(1) of that Act).

(6) The regulations may make provision in relation to any time after 5th April 2005.

(7) The provision made by the regulations may be framed as provision applying with appropriate modifications—

(a) for times before 6th April 2006, provisions having effect in relation to exempt approved schemes (within the meaning of Chapter 1 of Part 14 of ICTA: see section 592(1) of that Act), and

(b) for times on or after that date, provisions having effect in relation to registered pension schemes (within the meaning of section 832(1) of ICTA).

(8) The regulations may include—

(a) provision amending any enactment or instrument, and

(b) consequential, supplementary and transitional provisions.

(9) The regulations are to be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of the House of Commons.

(10) In this section—

• “the Board of the Pension Protection Fund” means the body corporate established under section 107 of the Pensions Act 2004 (c. 35),

• “the Fraud Compensation Fund” means the Fund required to be held, managed and applied by that Board under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of section 110 of that Act, and

• “the Pension Protection Fund” means the Fund required to be held, managed and applied by that Board under paragraph (a) of that subsection.

Part 6 U.K. Miscellaneous

103 Civil partnerships etc U.K.

(1) In the case of any tax or duty, the Treasury may by regulations make provision for the purpose of securing that the events or persons specified in column 1 of the Table are treated in the same way as (or a similar way to) the corresponding events or persons specified in column 2 of the Table.

1. Events or persons	2. Corresponding events or persons
1. The formation of a civil partnership.	A marriage.
2. Persons who are, have been, or may in future be, civil partners of each other.	Persons who are, have been, or may in future be, married to each other.
3. Persons who are not civil partners of each other but who are living together as if they were.	Persons who are not married to each other but who are living together as husband and wife.
4. Persons who are not civil partners of each other.	Persons who are not married to each other.
5. A person who is not a civil partner of any other person.	A person who is not married.

(2) The provision that may be made by regulations under subsection (1) includes provision for or in connection with varying, for the purpose specified in subsection (1), the treatment that would, apart from the regulations, apply—

(a) on the occurrence of an event specified in column 2 of the Table, or

(b) in the case of persons specified in column 2 of the Table.

(3) The Treasury may by regulations make provision for the purpose of removing any inequality of treatment of persons based on gender or, in the case of a parent, marital status.

(4) Any power to make regulations under this section is exercisable by statutory instrument.

(5) A statutory instrument containing regulations under this section shall not be made unless a draft of the instrument has been laid before, and approved by a resolution of, the House of Commons.

(6) The provision that may be made by regulations under this section includes provision—

(a) amending any enactment, or

(b) applying any provision of any enactment with or without modifications.

(7) Any power to make regulations under this section includes power—

(a) to make different provision for different cases;

(b) to make incidental, supplemental, consequential or transitional provision or savings.

(8) The powers conferred by this section are exercisable in relation to enactments (including enactments contained in, or made under, this Act) passed or made at any time before the end of the Session following that in which this Act is passed.

(9) In this section—

• “civil partnership” means a civil partnership which exists under or by virtue of the Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33) (and “civil partner” is to be read accordingly);

• “enactment” includes any provision comprised in—

  (a)

  an Act of the Scottish Parliament;

  (b)

  Northern Ireland legislation;

  (c)

  an instrument made under any enactment.

Part 7 U.K. Supplementary provisions

104 Repeals U.K.

(1) The enactments mentioned in Schedule 11 (which include provisions that are spent or of no practical utility) are repealed to the extent specified.

(2) The repeals specified in that Schedule have effect subject to the commencement provisions and savings contained or referred to in the notes set out in that Schedule.

105 Interpretation U.K.

In this Act—

• “ALDA 1979” means the Alcoholic Liquor Duties Act 1979 (c. 4);

• “CAA 2001” means the Capital Allowances Act 2001 (c. 2);

• “FA”, followed by a year, means the Finance Act of that year;

• “F(No.2)A”, followed by a year, means the Finance (No.2) Act of that year;

• “HODA 1979” means the Hydrocarbon Oil Duties Act 1979 (c. 5);

• “ICTA” means the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (c. 1);

• “IHTA 1984” means the Inheritance Tax Act 1984 (c. 51);

• [F85 “ITA 2007” means the Income Tax Act 2007;]

• “ITEPA 2003” means the Income Tax (Earnings and Pensions) Act 2003 (c. 1);

• “ITTOIA 2005” means the Income Tax (Trading and Other Income) Act 2005 (c. 5);

• “TCGA 1992” means the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 (c. 12);

• “TMA 1970” means the Taxes Management Act 1970 (c. 9);

• “VERA 1994” means the Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994 (c. 22).

Textual Amendments

F85 Words in s. 105 inserted (6.4.2007) by Income Tax Act 2007 (c. 3), s. 1034(1), Sch. 1 para. 601 (with Sch. 2)

106 Short title U.K.

This Act may be cited as the Finance Act 2005.