Children and Young Persons Act 1933

Part I E+W Prevention of Cruelty and Exposure to Moral and Physical Danger

Offences E+W

1 Cruelty to persons under sixteen. E+W

(1) If any person who has attained the age of sixteen years and [F1 has responsibility for] any child or young person under that age, wilfully assaults, ill-treats, neglects, abandons, or exposes him, or causes or procures him to be assaulted, ill-treated, neglected, abandoned, or exposed, in a manner likely to cause him unnecessary suffering or injury to health (including injury to or loss of sight, or hearing, or limb, or organ of the body, and any mental derangement), that person shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be liable—

(a) on conviction on indictment, to a fine . . . F2 or alternatively, . . . F3 , or in addition thereto, to imprisonment for any term not exceeding [F4 ten] years;

(b) on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding [F5 £400] pounds, or alternatively, . . . F3 , or in addition thereto, to imprisonment for any term not exceeding six months.

(2) For the purposes of this section—

(a) a parent or other person legally liable to maintain a child or young person [F6 , or the legal guardian of a child or young person,] shall be deemed to have neglected him in a manner likely to cause injury to his health if he has failed to provide adequate food, clothing, medical aid or lodging for him, or if, having been unable otherwise to provide such food, clothing, medical aid or lodging, he has failed to take steps to procure it to be provided under [F7 the enactments applicable in that behalf];

(b) where it is proved that the death of an infant under three years of age was caused by suffocation (not being suffocation caused by disease or the presence of any foreign body in the throat or air passages of the infant) while the infant was in bed with some other person who has attained the age of sixteen years, that other person shall, if he was, when he went to bed, under the influence of drink, be deemed to have neglected the infant in a manner likely to cause injury to its health.

(3) A person may be convicted of an offence under this section—

(a) notwithstanding that actual suffering or injury to health, or the likelihood of actual suffering or injury to health, was obviated by the action of another person;

(b) notwithstanding the death of the child or young person in question.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F8

(5),(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F9

(7) Nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting the right of any parent, teacher, or other person having the lawful control or charge of a child or young person to administer punishment to him.

Textual Amendments

F1 Words in s. 1(1) substituted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 2 (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F2 Words repealed by Children Act 1975 (c. 72), Sch. 4 Pt. III

F3 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F4 Word substituted by Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33, SIF 39:1), s. 45(1)(2)

F5 Words substituted by Children Act 1975 (c. 72), Sch. 3 para. 1

F6 Words in s. 1(2)(a) inserted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(4)(6), Sch. 12 para.2 (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F7 Words substituted by S.I. 1951/174 (1951 I, p. 1369), Sch.

F8 S. 1(4) repealed by Criminal Law Act 1967 (c. 58), s. 12, Sch. 3 Pt. III

F9 S. 1(5)(6) repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33, SIF 39:1), s. 170(2), Sch. 16

2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F10 E+W

Textual Amendments

F10 Ss. 2, 3(2) repealed by Sexual Offences Act 1956 (c. 69). s. 52, Sch. 4

3 Allowing persons under sixteen to be in brothels. E+W

(1) If any person having [F11 responsibility for] a child or young person who has attained the age of four years and is under the age of sixteen years, allows that child or young person to reside in or to frequent a brothel, he shall be [F12 liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F13 level 2 on the standard scale]], or alternatively . . . F14 or in addition thereto, to imprisonment for any term not exceeding six months.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F15

Textual Amendments

F11 Words in s. 3(1) substituted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 3(a) (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F12 Words substituted by Criminal Law Act 1977 (c. 45), Sch. 1 para. 4

F13 Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 46

F14 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F15 S. 3(2) repealed by Sexual Offences Act 1956 (c. 69). s. 52, Sch. 4

4 Causing or allowing persons under sixteen to be used for begging. E+W

(1) If any person causes or procures any child or young person under the age of sixteen years or, having [F16 responsibility for] such a child or young person, allows him to be in any street, premises, or place for the purpose of begging or receiving alms, or of inducing the giving of alms (whether or not there is any pretence of singing, playing, performing, offering anything for sale, or otherwise) he shall, on summary conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding [F17 level 2 on the standard scale], or alternatively, . . . F18 or in addition thereto, to imprisonment for any term not exceeding three months.

(2) If a person having [F16 responsibility for] a child or young person is charged with an offence under this section, and it is proved that the child or young person was in any street, premises, or place for any such purpose as aforesaid, and that the person charged allowed the child or young person to be in the street, premises, or place, he shall be presumed to have allowed him to be in the street, premises, or place for that purpose unless the contrary is proved.

(3) If any person while singing, playing, performing or offering anything for sale in a street or public place has with him a child who has been lent or hired out to him, the child shall, for the purposes of this section, be deemed to be in that street or place for the purpose of inducing the giving of alms.

Textual Amendments

F16 Words in s. 4(1)(2) substituted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 3(b) (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F17 Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 46

F18 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

5 Giving intoxicating liquor to children under five. E+W

If any person gives, or causes to be given, to any child under the age of five years any intoxicating liquor, except upon the order of a duly qualified medical practitioner, or in case of sickness, apprehended sickness, or other urgent cause, he shall, on summary conviction, be liable to a fine not exceeding [F19 level 1 on the standard scale].

Textual Amendments

F19 Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 46

6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F20 E+W

Textual Amendments

F20 S. 6 repealed by Licensing Act 1953 (c. 46), Sch. 10

7 Sale of tobacco, &c. to persons under sixteen. E+W

(1) Any person who sells to a person [F21 . . .] under the age of sixteen years any tobacco or cigarette papers, whether for his own use or not, shall be liable, [F22 on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale.]

[F23 (1A) It shall be a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) above to prove that he took all reasonable precautions and exercised all due diligence to avoid the commission of the offence.]

(2) If on complaint to a court of summary jurisdiction it is proved to the satisfaction of the court that any automatic machine for the sale of tobacco kept on any premises [F24 has been used by any person] under the age of sixteen years, the court [F25 shall] order the owner of the machine, or the person on whose premises the machine is kept, to take such precautions to prevent the machine being so used as may be specified in the order or, if necessary, to remove the machine, within such time as may be specified in the order, and if any person against whom such an order has been made fails to comply therewith, he shall be liable, on summary conviction, [F26 to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale.]

(3) It shall be the duty of a constable and of a park-keeper being in uniform to seize any tobacco or cigarette papers in the possession of any person apparently under the age of sixteen years whom he finds smoking in any street or public place, and any tobacco or cigarette papers so seized shall be disposed of, if seized by a constable, in such manner as the police authority may direct, and if seized by a park-keeper, in such manner as the authority or person by whom he was appointed may direct.

(4) Nothing in this section shall make it an offence to sell tobacco or cigarette papers to, or shall authorise the seizure of tobacco or cigarette papers in the possession of, any person who is at the time employed by a manufacturer of or dealer in tobacco, either wholesale or retail, for the purposes of his business, or is a boy messenger in uniform in the employment of a messenger company and employed as such at the time.

(5) For the purposes of this section the expression “tobacco” includes cigarettes [F27 any product containing tobacco and intended for oral or nasal use] and smoking mixtures intended as a substitute for tobacco, and the expression “cigarettes” includes cut tobacco rolled up in paper, tobacco leaf, or other material in such form as to be capable of immediate use for smoking.

Textual Amendments

F21 Word in s. 7(1) omitted (1.3.1992) by virtue of Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 1(2)(a), (with s. 8(3)); S.I. 1992/332, art. 2

F22 Words in s. 7(1) substituted (1.3.1992) by Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 1(2)(b), (with s. 8(3)); S.I. 1992/332, art. 2

F23 S. 7(1A) inserted (1.3.1992) by Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 1(3), (with s. 8(3)); S.I. 1992/332, art.2

F24 Words in s. 7(2) substituted (1.3.1992) by Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 1(4)(a), (with s. 8(3)(4)); S.I. 1992/332, art.2

F25 Word substituted by Protection of Children (Tobacco) Act 1986 (c. 34, SIF 20), s. 1(1)(b)(2)

F26 Words in s. 7(2) substituted (1.3.1992) by Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 1(4)(b), (with s. 8(3)(4)); S.I. 1992/332, art. 2

F27 Words inserted by Protection of Children (Tobacco) Act 1986 (c. 34, SIF 20), s. 1(1)(c)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 In s. 7: definition of "tobacco" applied (20.2.1993) by Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 4(8); S.I. 1992/3227, art. 2(2).

C2 Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 35 (in relation to liability on first and subsequent convictions), 38 (increase of fines) and 46 (substitution of references to levels on the standard scale) apply (E.W.)

C3 S. 7(2) saved (1.3.1992) by Children and Young Persons (Protection from Tobacco) Act 1991 (c. 23, SIF 20), s. 8(5); S.I. 1992/332, art. 2

8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F28 E+W

Textual Amendments

F28 S. 8 repealed by Consumer Credit Act 1974 (c. 39), s. 192(1)(4), Sch. 5

9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F29 E+W

Textual Amendments

F29 S. 9 repealed by Scrap Metal Dealers Act 1964 (c. 69), Sch. Pt. I

F30 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E+W

Textual Amendments

F30 S. 10 repealed (1.10.1993) by 1993 c.35, ss. 303(4), 307(1)(3), Sch. 19, para. 1, Sch. 21 Pt.I; S.I. 1993/1975, art. 9, Sch. 1Appendix.

11 †Exposing children under seven to risk of burning. E+W

If any person who has attained the age of sixteen years, having [F31 responsibility for] any child under the age of [F32 twelve] years, allows the child to be in any room containing an open fire grate [F33 or any heating appliance liable to cause injury to a person by contact therewith] not sufficiently protected to guard against the risk of his being burnt or scalded without taking reasonable precautions against that risk, and by reason thereof the child is killed or suffers serious injury, he shall on summary conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding [F34 level 1 on the standard scale]:

Provided that neither this section, not any proceedings taken thereunder, shall affect any liability of any such person to be proceeded against by indictment for any indictable offence.

Textual Amendments

F31 Words in s. 11 substituted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 3(c) (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F32 Word substituted by Children and Young Persons (Amendment) Act 1952 (c. 50), Sch. para. 1(a)

F33 Words inserted by Children and Young Persons (Amendment) Act 1952 (c. 50), Sch. para. 1(b)

F34 Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 46

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C4 Unreliable marginal note.

C5 Words in s. 11 substituted by 1952 c. 50, continued to have effect (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(2), Sch. 2 Pt. II para. 23.

12 Failing to provide for safety of children at entertainments. E+W

(1) Where there is provided in any building an entertainment for children, or an entertainment at which the majority of the persons attending are children, then, if the number of children attending the entertainment exceeds one hundred, it shall be the duty of the person providing the entertainment to station and keep stationed wherever necessary a sufficient number of adult attendants, properly instructed as to their duties, to prevent more children or other persons being admitted to the building, or to any part thereof, than the building or part can properly accommodate, and to control the movement of the children and other persons admitted while entering and leaving the building or any part thereof, and to take all other reasonable precautions for the safety of the children.

(2) Where the occupier of a building permits, for hire or reward, the building to be used for the purpose of an entertainment, he shall take all reasonable steps to secure the observance of the provisions of this section.

(3) If any person on whom any obligation is imposed by this section fails to fulfil that obligation, he shall be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding, in the case of a first offence fifty pounds, and in the case of a second or subsequent offence one hundred pounds, and also, if the building in which the entertainment is given is licensed . . . F35 under any of the enactments relating to the licensing of theatres and of houses and other places for music or dancing, the licence shall be liable to be revoked by the authority by whom the licence was granted.

(4) A constable may enter any building in which he has reason to believe that such an entertainment as aforesaid is being, or is about to be, provided, with a view to seeing whether the provisions of this section are carried into effect, and an officer authorised for the purpose by an authority by whom licences are granted under any of the enactments referred to in the last foregoing subsection shall have the like power of entering any building so licensed by that authority.

(5) The institution of proceedings under this section shall—

(a) in the case of a building [F36 licensed by a local authority] under [F37 section 1 of the Cinemas Act 1985], or under the enactments relating to the licensing of theatres or of houses and other places for music or dancing, be the duty of [F36 that local authority]; and

(b) in any other case, be the duty of the police authority.

(6) This section shall not apply to any entertainment given in a private dwelling-house.

Textual Amendments

F35 Words repealed by Cinemas Act 1985 (c. 13, SIF 45A), s. 24(2), Sch. 3

F36 Words substituted by Local Government Act 1985 (c. 51, SIF 81:1), s. 16, Sch. 8 para. 5

F37 Words substituted by Cinemas Act 1985 (c. 13, SIF 45A), s. 24(1), Sch. 2 para. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C6 S. 12: functions of local authority not to be the responsibility of an executive of the authority (E.) (16.11.2000) by virtue of S.I. 2000/2853, reg. 2(1), Sch. 1 B1 35

C7 Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 35 (in relation to liability on first and subsequent convictions), 38 (increase of fines) and 46 (substitution of references to levels on the standard scale) apply (E.W.)

Yn ddilys o 01/04/2009

[F38 Persistent sales of tobacco to persons under 18 E+W

Textual Amendments

F38 Ss. 12A-12D and preceding cross-heading inserted (1.4.2009) by Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4), ss. 143(2), 153; S.I. 2009/860, art. 2(c)

12A Restricted premises orders E+W

(1) This section applies where a person (“the offender”) is convicted of a tobacco offence (“the relevant offence”).

(2) The person who brought the proceedings for the relevant offence may by complaint to a magistrates' court apply for a restricted premises order to be made in respect of the premises in relation to which that offence was committed (“the relevant premises”).

(3) A restricted premises order is an order prohibiting the sale on the premises to which it relates of any tobacco or cigarette papers to any person.

(4) The prohibition applies to sales whether made—

(a) by the offender or any other person, or

(b) by means of any machine kept on the premises or any other means.

(5) The order has effect for the period specified in the order, but that period may not exceed one year.

(6) The applicant must, after making reasonable enquiries, give notice of the application to every person appearing to the applicant to be a person affected by it.

(7) The court may make the order if (and only if) it is satisfied that—

(a) on at least 2 occasions within the period of 2 years ending with the date on which the relevant offence was committed, the offender has committed other tobacco offences in relation to the relevant premises, and

(b) the applicant has complied with subsection (6).

(8) Persons affected by the application may make representations to the court as to why the order should not be made.

(9) If—

(a) a person affected by an application for a restricted premises order was not given notice under subsection (6), and

(b) consequently the person had no opportunity to make representations to the court as to why the order should not be made,

the person may by complaint apply to the court for an order varying or discharging it.

(10) On an application under subsection (9) the court may, after hearing—

(a) that person, and

(b) the applicant for the restricted premises order,

make such order varying or discharging the restricted premises order as it considers appropriate.

(11) For the purposes of this section the persons affected by an application for a restricted premises order in respect of any premises are—

(a) the occupier of the premises, and

(b) any other person who has an interest in the premises.

12B Restricted sale orders E+W

(1) This section applies where a person (“the offender”) is convicted of a tobacco offence (“the relevant offence”).

(2) The person who brought the proceedings for the relevant offence may by complaint to a magistrates' court apply for a restricted sale order to be made in respect of the offender.

(3) A restricted sale order is an order prohibiting the person to whom it relates—

(a) from selling any tobacco or cigarette papers to any person,

(b) from having any management functions in respect of any premises in so far as those functions relate to the sale on the premises of tobacco or cigarette papers to any person,

(c) from keeping any cigarette machine on any premises for the purpose of selling tobacco or permitting any cigarette machine to be kept on any premises by any other person for that purpose, and

(d) from having any management functions in respect of any premises in so far as those functions relate to any cigarette machine kept on the premises for the purpose of selling tobacco.

(4) The order has effect for the period specified in the order, but that period may not exceed one year.

(5) The court may make the order if (and only if) it is satisfied that, on at least 2 occasions within the period of 2 years ending with the date on which the relevant offence was committed, the offender has committed other tobacco offences.

(6) In this section any reference to a cigarette machine is a reference to an automatic machine for the sale of tobacco.

12C Enforcement E+W

(1) If—

(a) a person sells on any premises any tobacco or cigarette papers in contravention of a restricted premises order, and

(b) the person knew, or ought reasonably to have known, that the sale was in contravention of the order,

the person commits an offence.

(2) If a person fails to comply with a restricted sale order, the person commits an offence.

(3) It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (2) to prove that the person took all reasonable precautions and exercised all due diligence to avoid the commission of the offence.

(4) A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding £20,000.

(5) A restricted premises order is a local land charge and in respect of that charge the applicant for the order is the originating authority for the purposes of the Local Land Charges Act 1975.

12D Interpretation E+W

(1) In sections 12A and 12B a “tobacco offence” means—

(a) an offence committed under section 7(1) on any premises (which are accordingly “the premises in relation to which the offence is committed”), or

(b) an offence committed under section 7(2) in respect of an order relating to any machine kept on any premises (which are accordingly “the premises in relation to which the offence is committed”).

(2) In sections 12A to 12C the expressions “tobacco” and “cigarette” have the same meaning as in section 7.

(3) In sections 12A and 12B “notice” means notice in writing.]

Special Provisions as to Prosecutions for Offences specified in First Schedule E+W

13

(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F39

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F39

Textual Amendments

F39 S. 13(1)(2) repealed by Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (c. 60, SIF 95), s. 119, Sch. 7 Pt. I

14 Mode of charging offences and limitation of time. E+W

(1) Where a person is charged with committing any of the offences mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act in respect of two or more children or young persons, the same information or summons may charge the offence in respect of all or any of them, but the person charged shall not, if he is summarily convicted, be liable to a separate penalty in respect of each child or young person except upon separate informations.

(2) The same information or summons F40 . . . may charge him with the offences of assault, ill-treatment, neglect, abandonment, or exposure, together or separately, and may charge him with committing all or any of those offences in a manner likely to cause unnecessary suffering or injury to health, alternatively or together, but when those offences are charged together the person charged shall not, if he is summarily convicted, be liable to a separate penalty for each.

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F41

(4) When any offence mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act charged against any person is a continuous offence, it shall not be necessary to specify in the information, summons, or indictment, the date of the acts constituting the offence.

Textual Amendments

F40 Words in s. 14(2) repealed (E.W.) (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(6)(7), Sch.15 ( with Sch. 14 para. 27(4)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F41 S. 14(3) repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F42 E+W

Textual Amendments

F42 S. 15 repealed by Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (c. 60, SIF 47, 95), s. 119, Sch. 7 Pt. V

Supplemental E+W

16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F43 E+W

Textual Amendments

F43 S. 16 repealed by Administration of Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1933 (c. 36), Sch. 3

[F44 17 Interpretation of Part I. E+W

(1) For the purposes of this Part of this Act, the following shall be presumed to have responsibility for a child or young person—

(a) any person who—

(i) has parental responsibility for him (within the meaning of the Children Act 1989); or

(ii) is otherwise legally liable to maintain him; and

(b) any person who has care of him.

(2) A person who is presumed to be responsible for a child or young person by virtue of subsection (1)(a) shall not be taken to have ceased to be responsible for him by reason only that he does not have care of him.]

Textual Amendments

F44 S. 17 substituted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para.5 (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

Part II U.K. Employment

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C8 Pt. II extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 44(1)

General Provisions as to Employment E+W

18 Restrictions on employment of children. E+W

(1) Subject to the provisions of this section and of any byelaws made thereunder no child shall be employed—

[F45 (a) so long as he is under the age of thirteen years]; or

(b) before the close of school hours on any day on which he is required to attend school; or

[F46 (c) before seven o’clock in the morning or after seven o’clock in the evening or any day; or]

(d) for more than two hours on any day on which he is required to attend school; or

(e) for more than two hours on any Sunday; or

[F47 (f) to lift, carry or move anything so heavy as to be likely to cause injury to him.]

(2) A local authority may make byelaws with respect to the employment of children, and any such byelaws may distinguish between children of different ages and sexes and between different localities, trades, occupations and circumstances, and may contain provisions—

(a) authorising—

[F48 (i) the employment of children under the age of thirteen years (notwithstanding anything in paragragh (a) of the last foregoing subsection) by their parents or guardians in light agricultural or horticultural work.]

(ii) the employment of children (notwithstanding anything in paragraph (b) of the last foregoing subsection) for not more than one hour before the commencement of school hours on any day on which they are required to attend school;

(b) prohibiting absolutely the employment of children in any specified occupation;

(c) prescribing—

(i) the age below which children are not to be employed;

(ii) the number of hours in each day, or in each week, for which, and the times of day at which, they may be employed;

(iii) the intervals to be allowed to them for meals and rest;

(iv) the holidays or half-holidays to be allowed to them;

(v) any other conditions to be observed in relation to their employment;

so, however, that no such byelaws shall modify the restrictions contained in the last foregoing subsection save in so far as is expressly permitted by paragraph (a) of this subsection, and any restriction contained in any such byelaws shall have effect in addition to the said restrictions.

[F49 (3) Nothing in this section, or in any byelaw made under this section, shall prevent a child from taking part in a performance—

(a) under the authority of a licence granted under this Part of this Act; or

(b) in a case where by virtue of section 37(3) of the M1 Children and Young Persons Act 1963 no licence under that section is required for him to take part in the performance.]

Textual Amendments

F45 S. 18(1)(a) substituted by Children Act 1972 (c. 44), s. 1(2)

F46 S. 18(1)(c) substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 34

F47 S. 18(1)(f) repealed with specified exceptions (1.1.1993) by S.I. 1992/2793, art. 8, Sch. 2, Pt. I

F48 S. 18(2)(a)(i) substituted by Children Act 1972 (c. 44), s. 1(2)

F49 S. 18(3) substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 4

Marginal Citations

M1 1963 c. 37.

19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F50 E+W

Textual Amendments

F50 S. 19 repealed by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), ss. 10(1)(a), 29(4), Sch. 3 Pt. I, Sch. 7 Pt. II

20 Street trading. E+W

[F51 (1) Subject to subsection (2) of this section, no child shall engage or be employed in street trading.]

(2) A local authority may make byelaws [F52 authorising children who have attained the age of fourteen years to be employed by their parents in street trading to such extent as may be specified in the byelaws, and for regulating street trading under the byelaws by persons who are so authorised to be employed in such trading;] and byelaws so made may distinguish between persons of different ages and sexes and between different localities, and may contain provisions—

(a) forbidding any such person to engage or be employed in street trading unless he holds a licence granted by the authority, and regulating the conditions on which such licences may be granted, suspended, and revoked;

(b) determining the days and hours during which, and the places at which, such persons may engage or be employed in street trading;

(c) requiring such persons so engaged or employed to wear badges;

(d) regulating in any other respect the conduct of such persons while so engaged or employed.

F53 (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F51 S. 20(1) substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 2(a)

F52 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 2(b)

F53 S. 20(3) repealed (26.8.1994) by 1994 (c. 20), ss. 4, 5(2), Sch. 4 para. 24, Sch.5); S.I. 1994/1841, art. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C9 S. 20 restricted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 35(2)

21 Penalties and legal proceedings in respect of general provisions as to employment. E+W

(1) If a person is employed in contravention of any of the foregoing provisions of this Part of this Act, or of the provisions of any byelaw [F54 or regulation] made thereunder, the employer and any person (other than the person employed) to whose act or default the contravention is attributable shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F55 twenty pounds][F56 £50] or, in the case of a second or subsequent offence, not exceeding [F55 fifty pounds][F57 £100]:

Provided that, if proceedings are brought against the employer, the employer, upon information duly laid by him and on giving to the prosecution not less than three days’ notice of his intention, shall be entitled to have any person (other than the person employed) to whose act or default he alleges that the contravention was due, brought before the court as a party to the proceedings, and if, after the contravention has been proved, the employer proves to the satisfaction of the court that the contravention was due to the act or default of the said other person, that person may be convicted of the offence; and if the employer further proves to the satisfaction of the court that he has used all due diligence to secure that the provisions in question should be complied with, he shall be acquitted of the offence.

(2) Where an employer seeks to avail himself of the proviso to the last foregoing subsection,

(a) the prosecution shall have the right to cross-examine him, if he gives evidence, and any witness called by him in support of his charge against the other person, and to call rebutting evidence; and

(b) the court may make such order as it thinks fit for the payment of costs by any party to the proceedings to any other party thereto.

(3) A [F58 child], who engages in street trading in contravention of the provisions of the last foregoing section, or of any byelaw made thereunder, shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F59 ten pounds], or in the case of a second or subsequent offence, not exceeding [F59 twenty pounds].

Textual Amendments

F54 Words inserted (prosp.) by Employment of Children Act 1973 (c. 24), s. 3(4), Sch. 1 Pt. I para. 2(a)

F55 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 36(a) in relation to offences committed after 3.3.1969

F56 Words “£50” substituted (prosp.) for words “twenty pounds” by Employment of Children Act 1973 (c. 24), s. 3(4), Sch. 1 Pt. I para. 2(b)

F57 Words “£100” substituted (prosp.) for words “fifty pounds” by Employment of Children Act 1973 (c. 24), s. 3(4), Sch. 1 Pt. I para. 2(b)

F58 Word substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 3

F59 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37, s. 36(b) in relation to offences committed after 3.3.1969

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C10 Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 35 (in relation to liability on first and subsequent convictions), 38 (increase of fines) and 46 (substitution of references to levels on the standard scale) apply (E.W.)

C11 S. 21(1) extended by Employment of Women, Young Persons, and Children Act 1920 (c. 65, SIF 43:4), s. 1(6)(a) as substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 29(3), Sch. 6 para. 1(a)

C12 S. 21(2) extended by Employment of Women, Young Persons, and Children Act 1920 (c. 65, SIF 43:4), s. 1(6)(a) as substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 29(3), Sch. 6 para. 1(a)

Entertainments and Performances E+W

22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F60 E+W

Textual Amendments

F60 Ss. 14(3), 22, 24(3)(5), 29(1)(2), 61 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

23 Prohibition against persons under sixteen taking part in performances endangering life or limb. E+W

No [F61 child] shall take part in any [F62 performance to which section 37 of the M2 Children and Young Persons Act 1963 applies and] in which his life or limbs are endangered and every person who causes or procures [F63 a child], or being his parent or guardian allows him, to take part in such a performance, shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F64 £50]; or in the case of a second or subsequent offence, not exceeding [F64 £100]:

Provided that no proceedings shall be taken under this subsection except by or with the authority of a chief officer of police.

Textual Amendments

F61 Word substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 4(a)

F62 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 5

F63 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 4(b)

F64 Words substituted by Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80), s. 92, Sch. 3 Pt. I

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C13 Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 35 (in relation to liability on first and subsequent convictions), 38 (increase of fines) and 46 (substitution of references to levels on the standard scale) apply (E.W.)

Marginal Citations

M2 1963 c. 37.

24 Restrictions on training for performances of a dangerous nature. E+W

(1) No [F65 child] under the age of twelve years shall be trained to take part in performances of a dangerous nature, and no [F66 child who has attained that age] shall be trained to take part in such performances except under and in accordance with the terms of a licence granted and in force under this section; and every person who causes or procures a person, or being his parent or guardian allows him, to be trained to take part in performances of a dangerous nature in contravention of this section, shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F67 £20] or, in the case of a second or subsequent offence, not exceeding [F67 £50].

(2) A [F68 local authority] may grant a licence for a [F69 child who has attained the age of twelve years] to be trained to take part in performances of a dangerous nature.

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F70

(4) A licence under this section shall specify the place or places at which the person is to be trained and shall embody such conditions as are, in the opinion of the [F71 authority], necessary for his protection, but a licence shall not be refused if the [F71 authority] is satisfied that the person is fit and willing to be trained and that proper provision has been made to secure his health and kind treatment.

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F70

Textual Amendments

F65 Word substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 5(a)(i)

F66 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 5(a)(ii)

F67 Words substituted by Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80), s. 92, Sch. 3 Pt. I

F68 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 6(1)

F69 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 5(b)

F70 Ss. 14(3), 22, 24(3)(5), 29(1)(2), 61 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F71 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 6(2)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C14 S. 24 amended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 41(2)(3)

C15 Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 35 (in relation to liability on first and subsequent convictions), 38 (increase of fines) and 46 (substitution of references to levels on the standard scale) apply (E.W.)

Employment Abroad U.K.

25 Restrictions on persons under eighteen going abroad for the purpose of performing for profit. E+W

(1) No person having [F72 responsibility for] any [F73 child] shall allow him, nor shall any person cause or procure any [F73 child], to go abroad for the purpose of singing, playing performing, or being exhibited, for profit, unless . . . F74 a licence has been granted in respect of him under this section:

Provided that this subsection shall not apply in any case where it is proved that the [F73 child] was only temporarily resident within [F75 the United Kingdom].

(2) A police magistrate may grant a licence in such form as the Secretary of State may prescribe, and subject to such restrictions and conditions as the police magistrate thinks fit, for any [F76 child who has attained the age of fourteen years] to go abroad for the purpose of singing, playing, performing, or being exhibited, for profit, but no such license shall be granted in respect of any person unless the police magistrate is satisfied—

(a) that the application for the licence is made by or with the consent of his parent or guardian;

(b) that he is going abroad to fulfil a particular engagement;

(c) that he is fit for the purpose, and that proper provision has been made to secure his health, kind treatment, and adequate supervision while abroad, and his return from abroad at the expiration or revocation of the licence;

(d) that there has been furnished to him a copy of the contract of employment or other document showing the terms and conditions of employment drawn up in a language understood by him.

(3) A person applying for a licence under this section, shall, at least seven days before making the application, give to the chief officer of police for the district in which the person resides to whom the application relates, notice of the intended application together with a copy of the contract of employment or other document showing the terms and conditions of employment, and the chief officer of police send that copy to the police magistrate and may make a report in writing on the case to him or may appear, or instruct some person to appear, before him and show cause why the licence should not be granted, and the police magistrate shall not grant the licence unless he is satisfied that notice has been properly so given:

Provided that if it appears that the notice was given less than seven days before the making of the application, the police magistrate may nevertheless grant a licence if he is satisfied that the officer to whom the notice was given has made sufficient enquiry into the facts of the case and does not desire to oppose the application.

(4) A licence under this section shall not be granted for more than three months but may be renewed by a police magistrate from time to time for a like period, so, however, that no such renewal shall be granted, unless the police magistrate—

(a) is satisfied by a report of a British consular officer or other trustworthy person that the conditions are being complied with;

(b) is satisfied that the application for renewal is made by or with the consent of the parent or guardian of the person to whom the licence relates.

(5) A police magistrate—

(a) may vary a licence granted under this section and may at any time revoke such a licence for any cause which he, in his discretion, considers sufficient:

(b) need not, when renewing or varying a licence granted under this section, require the attendance before him of the person to whom the licence relates.

(6) The police magistrate to whom application is made for the grant, renewal or variation of a licence shall, unless he is satisfied that in the circumstances it is unnecessary, require the applicant to give such security as he may think fit (either by entering into a recognisance with or without sureties or otherwise) for the observance of the restrictions and conditions in the licence or in the licence as varied, and the recognisance may be enforced in like manner as a recognisance for the doing of some matter or thing required to be done in a proceeding before a court of summary jurisdiction is enforceable.

(7) If any case where a licence has been granted under this section, it is proved to the satisfaction of a police magistrate that by reason of exceptional circumstances it is not in the interests of the person to whom the licence relates to require him to return from abroad at the expiration of the licence, then, notwithstanding anything in this section or any restriction or condition attached to the licence, the magistrate may by order release all persons concerned from any obligation to cause that person to return from abroad.

(8) Where a licence is granted, renewed or varied under this section, the police magistrate shall send the prescribed particulars to the Secretary of State for transmission to the proper consular officer, and every consular officer shall register the particulars so transmitted to him and perform such other duties in relation thereto as the Secretary of State may direct.

(9) In this section the expression “police magistrate” means one of the following magistrates, that is to say—

(a) the chief magistrate of the metropolitan police courts;

(b) any magistrate of the metropolitan police court in Bow Street;

(c) any stipendiary magistrate appointed by Order in Council to exercise jurisdiction under this section,

and the powers conferred by this section on a police magistrate shall in every case be exerciseable by any of the magistrates aforesaid.

(10) This and the next following section extend to Scotland and to Northern Ireland.

Extent Information

E1 This version of this provision extends to England and Wales only; a separate version has been created for Scotland and Northern Ireland only.

Textual Amendments

F72 Words in s. 25(1) substituted (E.W.) (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 3(d) (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F73 Word substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 6(a)

F74 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F75 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 7

F76 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 6(b)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C16 S. 25 extended and amended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 42

C17 S. 25(9)(a)(b) amended by Administration of Justice Act 1964 (c. 42), Sch. 3 Pt. I

25 Restrictions on persons under eighteen going abroad for the purpose of performing for profit. S+N.I.

(1) No person having the custody, charge or care of any [F244 child] shall allow him, nor shall any person cause or procure any [F244 child], to go abroad for the purpose of singing, playing performing, or being exhibited, for profit, unless . . . F245 a licence has been granted in respect of him under this section:

Provided that this subsection shall not apply in any case where it is proved that the [F244 child] was only temporarily resident within [F246 the United Kingdom].

(2) A police magistrate may grant a licence in such form as the Secretary of State may prescribe, and subject to such restrictions and conditions as the police magistrate thinks fit, for any [F247 child who has attained the age of fourteen years] to go abroad for the purpose of singing, playing, performing, or being exhibited, for profit, but no such license shall be granted in respect of any person unless the police magistrate is satisfied—

(a) that the application for the licence is made by or with the consent of his parent or guardian;

(b) that he is going abroad to fulfil a particular engagement;

(c) that he is fit for the purpose, and that proper provision has been made to secure his health, kind treatment, and adequate supervision while abroad, and his return from abroad at the expiration or revocation of the licence;

(d) that there has been furnished to him a copy of the contract of employment or other document showing the terms and conditions of employment drawn up in a language understood by him.

(3) A person applying for a licence under this section, shall, at least seven days before making the application, give to the chief officer of police for the district in which the person resides to whom the application relates, notice of the intended application together with a copy of the contract of employment or other document showing the terms and conditions of employment, and the chief officer of police send that copy to the police magistrate and may make a report in writing on the case to him or may appear, or instruct some person to appear, before him and show cause why the licence should not be granted, and the police magistrate shall not grant the licence unless he is satisfied that notice has been properly so given:

Provided that if it appears that the notice was given less than seven days before the making of the application, the police magistrate may nevertheless grant a licence if he is satisfied that the officer to whom the notice was given has made sufficient enquiry into the facts of the case and does not desire to oppose the application.

(4) A licence under this section shall not be granted for more than three months but may be renewed by a police magistrate from time to time for a like period, so, however, that no such renewal shall be granted, unless the police magistrate—

(a) is satisfied by a report of a British consular officer or other trustworthy person that the conditions are being complied with;

(b) is satisfied that the application for renewal is made by or with the consent of the parent or guardian of the person to whom the licence relates.

(5) A police magistrate—

(a) may vary a licence granted under this section and may at any time revoke such a licence for any cause which he, in his discretion, considers sufficient:

(b) need not, when renewing or varying a licence granted under this section, require the attendance before him of the person to whom the licence relates.

(6) The police magistrate to whom application is made for the grant, renewal or variation of a licence shall, unless he is satisfied that in the circumstances it is unnecessary, require the applicant to give such security as he may think fit (either by entering into a recognisance with or without sureties or otherwise) for the observance of the restrictions and conditions in the licence or in the licence as varied, and the recognisance may be enforced in like manner as a recognisance for the doing of some matter or thing required to be done in a proceeding before a court of summary jurisdiction is enforceable.

(7) If any case where a licence has been granted under this section, it is proved to the satisfaction of a police magistrate that by reason of exceptional circumstances it is not in the interests of the person to whom the licence relates to require him to return from abroad at the expiration of the licence, then, notwithstanding anything in this section or any restriction or condition attached to the licence, the magistrate may by order release all persons concerned from any obligation to cause that person to return from abroad.

(8) Where a licence is granted, renewed or varied under this section, the police magistrate shall send the prescribed particulars to the Secretary of State for transmission to the proper consular officer, and every consular officer shall register the particulars so transmitted to him and perform such other duties in relation thereto as the Secretary of State may direct.

(9) In this section the expression “police magistrate” means one of the following magistrates, that is to say—

(a) the chief magistrate of the metropolitan police courts;

(b) any magistrate of the metropolitan police court in Bow Street;

(c) any stipendiary magistrate appointed by Order in Council to exercise jurisdiction under this section,

and the powers conferred by this section on a police magistrate shall in every case be exerciseable by any of the magistrates aforesaid.

(10) This and the next following section extend to Scotland and to Northern Ireland.

Extent Information

E2 This version of this provision extends to Scotland and Northern Ireland only; a separate version has been created for England and Wales only.

Textual Amendments

F244 Word substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 6(a)

F245 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F246 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 7

F247 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 6(b)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C53 S. 25 extended and amended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 42

C54 S. 25(9)(a)(b) amended by Administration of Justice Act 1964 (c. 42), Sch. 3 Pt. I

26 Punishment of contraventions of last foregoing section and proceedings with respect thereto. U.K.

(1) If any person acts in contravention of the provisions of subsection (1) of the last foregoing section he shall be guilty of an offence under this section and be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding [F77 level 3 on the standard scale], or, alternatively, , . . . F78 or in addition thereto, to imprisonment for any term not exceeding three months:

Provided that if he procured [F79 the child in question] to go abroad by means of any false pretence or false representation, he shall be liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for any term not exceeding two years.

(2) Where, in proceedings under this section against a person, it is proved that he caused, procured, or allowed [F80 a child] to go abroad and that [F81 that child] has while abroad been singing, playing, performing, or being exhibited, for profit, the defendant shall be presumed to have caused, procured, or allowed him to go abroad for that purpose, unless the contrary is proved:

Provided that where the contrary is proved, the court may order the defendant to take such steps as the court directs to secure the return of [F82 the child] to the United Kingdom, or to enter into a recognisance to make such provision as the court may direct to secure his health, kind treatment, and adequate supervision while abroad, and his return to the United Kingdom at the expiration of such period as the court may think fit.

(3) Proceedings in respect of an offence under this section or for enforcing a recognisance under this or the last foregoing section may be instituted at any time within a period of three months from the first discovery by the person taking the proceedings of the commission of the offence or, as the case may be, the non-observance, of the restrictions and conditions contained in the licence, or, if at the expiration of that period the person against whom it is proposed to institute the proceedings is outside the United Kingdom, at any time within six months after his return to the United Kingdom.

(4) In any such proceedings as aforesaid, a report of any British consular officer and any deposition made on oath before a British consular officer and authenticated by the signature of that officer, respecting the observance or non-observance of any of the conditions or restrictions contained in a licence granted under the last foregoing section shall, upon proof that the consular officer, or deponent, cannot be found in the United Kingdom, be admissible in evidence, and it shall not be necessary to prove the signature or official character of the person appearing to have signed any such report or deposition.

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F83

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F84

Textual Amendments

F77 Words substituted (E.W.S.) by virtue of (E.W.) Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 38, 46 and (S.) Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 (c. 21, SIF 39:1), ss. 289F, 289G

F78 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F79 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 7(a)

F80 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 7(b)(i)

F81 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 7(b)(ii)

F82 Words substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III para. 7(b)(iii)

F83 S. 26(5) repealed (S.) by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1980 (c. 62, SIF 39:1), s. 83(3), Sch. 8 & (E.W.) by Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (c. 60, SIF 47, 95), s. 119, Sch. 7 Pt. V

F84 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C18 S. 26 extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 42(1)

Supplemental U.K.

27 Byelaws. E+W

(1) A byelaw made under this Part of this Act shall not have effect until confirmed by the Secretary of State and shall not be so confirmed until at least thirty days after the local authority have published it in such manner as the Secretary of State directs.

(2) Before confirming such a byelaw the Secretary of State shall consider any objections thereto which may be addressed to him by persons affected or likely to be affected thereby, and may order a local enquiry to be held, and where such an enquiry is held, the person holding it shall receive such remuneration as the Secretary of State determines, and that remuneration and the expenses of the enquiry shall be paid by the local authority.

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F85

Textual Amendments

F85 S. 27(3) repealed by Local Government Act 1933 (c. 51), Sch. 11 Pt. IV and London Government Act 1939 (c. 40), Sch. 8

28 Powers of entry. E+W

(1) If it is made to appear to a justice of the peace by the local authority, or by any constable, that there is reasonable cause to believe that the provisions of this Part of this Act, other than those relating to employment abroad, or of a byelaw [F86 or regulation] made under the said provisions, are being contravened with respect to any person, the justice may by order under his hand addressed to an officer of the local authority, or to a constable, empower him to enter, at any reasonable time within forty-eight hours of the making of the order, any place in or in connection with which the person in question is, or is believed to be, employed, or as the case may be, in which he is, or is believed to be, taking part in [F87 a performance], or being trained, and to make enquiries therein with respect to that person.

[F88 (2) Any authorised officer of the said authority or any constable may—

(a) at any time enter any place used as a broadcasting studio . . . F89 or film studio or used for the recording of a performance with a view to its use in a [F90 programme service] or in a film intended for public exhibition and make inquiries therein as to any children taking part in performances to which section 37 of the M3 Children and Young Persons Act 1963 applies;

(b) at any time during the currency of a licence granted under the said section 37 or under the provisions of this Part of this Act relating to training for dangerous performances enter any place (whether or not it is such a place as is mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection) where the person to whom the licence relates is authorised by the licence to take part in a performance or to be trained, and may make inquiries therein with respect to that person.]

(3) Any person who obstructs any officer or constable in the due exercise of any powers conferred on him by or under this section, or who refuses to answer or answers falsely any enquiry authorised by or under this section to be made, shall be liable on summary conviction in respect of each offence to a fine not exceeding [F91 level 2 on the standard scale].

[F92 (4) In this section—

• “broadcasting studio” means a studio used in connection with the provision of a programme service;

• “programme service” has the same meaning as in the Broadcasting Act 1990.]

Textual Amendments

F86 Words inserted (prosp.) by Employment of Children Act 1973 (c. 24), s. 3(4), Sch. 1 Pt. I para. 3

F87 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 9

F88 S. 28(2) substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 43

F89 Words inserted by Cable and Broadcasting Act 1984 (c. 46, SIF 96), s. 57(1 ), Sch. 5 para 4(1) and repealed by Broadcasting Act 1990 (c. 42, SlF 96), s. 203(1)(3), Sch. 12 Part II para. 1, Sch. 20 para. 3(1)(a), Sch. 21

F90 Words substituted by virtue of Broadcasting Act 1990 (c. 42, SIF 96), s. 203(1), Sch. 20 para. 3(1)(a)

F91 Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 46

F92 S. 28(4) was inserted by Cable and Broadcasting Act 1984 (c. 46, SIF 96) s. 57(1), Sch. 5 para. 4(2) (which was repealed by Broadcasting Act 1990 (c. 42, SIF 96), s. 203(3), Sch. 21) and a new subsection (4) is substituted by s. 203(1), Sch. 20 para. 3(1)(b) of that 1990 Act

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C19 S. 28(1) extended by Employment of Women, Young Persons, and Children Act 1920 (c. 65, SIF 43:4), s. 1(6)(a) as substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 29(3), Sch. 6 para. 1(a)

C20 S. 28(1)(3) applied (1.11.1996) (temp.) by 1996 c. 56, ss. 559(5)(6), 583(2) (with ss. 1(4), 561, 562, Sch. 39)

C21 S. 28(3) extended by Employment of Women, Young Persons, and Children Act 1920 (c. 65, SIF 43:4), s. 1(6)(a) as substituted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1, 106:1), s. 29(3), Sch. 6 para. 1(a)

Marginal Citations

M3 1963 c. 37.

29 Savings. E+W

(1),(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F93

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F94

(4) The said provisions shall be in addition to and not in substitution for any enactments relating to employment in factories, workshops, mines and quarries, or for giving effect to any international convention regulating employment.

Textual Amendments

F93 Ss. 14(3), 22, 24(3)(5), 29(1)(2), 61 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F94 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

30 Interpretation of Part II. U.K.

[F95 (1)] For the purposes of this Part of this Act and of any byelaws [F96 or regulations] made thereunder—

• [F97 The expression “child” means—

  (a)

  in relation to England and Wales, a person who is not for the purposes of the Education Act 1944 over compulsory school age;

  (b)

  in relation to Scotland, a person who is not for the purposes of the Education (Scotland) Act 1980 over school age; and

  (c)

  in relation to Northern Ireland, a person who is not for the purposes of the Education and Libraries (Northern Ireland) Order 1986 over compulsory school age;]

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98

• The expression “performance of a dangerous nature” includes all acrobatic performances and all performances as a contortionist;

• The expression “street trading” includes the hawking of newspapers, matches, flowers and other articles, playing, singing or performing for profit, shoe-blacking and other like occupations carried on in streets or public places;

• A person who assists in a trade or occupation carried on for profit shall be deemed to be employed notwithstanding that he receives no reward for his labour;

• A chorister taking part in a religious service or in a choir practice for a religious service shall not, whether he receives any reward or not, be deemed to be employed; and

• The expression “abroad” means outside Great Britain and Ireland.

[F99 (2) This section, so far as it has effect for the purposes of sections 25 and 26 of this Act, extends to Scotland and to Northern Ireland.]

Textual Amendments

F95 Existing provisions of s. 30, as amended are constituted as s. 30(1) by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III, para. 8

F96 Words inserted by Employment of Children Act 1973 (c. 24. SIF 43:4). s. 3(4), Sch. 1 Pt. I para. 4

F97 Words inserted by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III. para. 8(a)

F98 Words repealed by Education Act 1944 (c. 31. SIF 41:1). Sch. 9 Pt. I

F99 S. 30(2) added by Employment Act 1989 (c. 38, SIF 43:1 ), s. 10(2), Sch. 3 Pt. III, para. 8(b)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C22 S. 30(1)(a) amended (1.11.1996) (temp.) by 1996 c. 56, ss. 582(4), 583(2), Sch. 40 para.1 (with ss. 1(4), 561, 562, Sch. 39); S.I. 1997/1623, art. 2

Part III U.K. Protection of Children and Young Persons in relation to Criminal and Summary Proceedings

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C23 Pt. III amended by Local Authority Social Services Act 1970 (c. 42), s. 2(1), Sch. 1 and (1.4.1981) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), ss. 78(1)(2)(b), 79(1)(4)(5)(b). (Child Care Act 1980 (c.5) repealed (14.10.1991) with saving by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(6)(7), Sch. 14 paras. 21, 27(4), Sch. 15; S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

General Provisions as to Preliminary Proceedings E+W

31 Separation of children and young persons from adults in police stations, courts, &c. E+W

Arrangements shall be made for preventing a child or young person while detained in a police station, or while being conveyed to or from any criminal court, or while awaiting before or after attendance in any criminal court, from associating with an adult (not being a relative) who is charged with any offence other than an offence with which the child or young person is jointly charged, and for ensuring that a girl (being a child or young person) shall while so detained, being conveyed, or waiting, be under the care of a woman.

32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F100 E+W

Textual Amendments

F100 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F101 E+W

Textual Amendments

F101 Ss. 33, 52 repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 10 Pt. I

[F102 34 Attendance at court of parent of child or young person charged with an offence, &c. E+W

F103 (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F104 (2) Where a child or young person is in police detention, such steps as are practicable shall be taken to ascertain the identity of a person responsible for his welfare.

(3) If it is practicable to ascertain the identity of a person responsible for the welfare of the child or young person, that person shall be informed, unless it is not practicable to do so—

(a) that the child or young person has been arrested;

(b) why he has been arrested; and

(c) where he is being detained.

(4) Where information falls to be given under subsection (3) above, it shall be given as soon as it is practicable to do so.

(5) For the purposes of this section the persons who may be responsible for the welfare of a child or young person are—

(a) his parent or guardian; or

(b) any other person who has for the time being assumed responsibility for his welfare.

(6) If it is practicable to give a person responsible for the welfare of the child or young person the information required by subsection (3) above, that person shall be given it as soon as it is practicable to do so.

(7) If it appears that at the time of his arrest a supervision order, as defined in section 11 of the M4 Children and Young Persons Act 1969 [F105 or Part IV of the Children Act 1989], is in force in respect of him, the person responsible for his supervision shall also be informed as described in subsection (3) above as soon as it is reasonably practicable to do so.

[F106 (7A) If it appears that at the time of his arrest the child or young person is being provided with accommodation by or on behalf of a local authority under section 20 of the Children Act 1989, the local authority shall also be informed as described in subsection (3) above as soon as it is reasonably practicable to do so.]

(8) The reference to a parent or guardian in subsection (5) above is —

• F107 . . . in the case of a child or young person in the care of a local authority, a reference to that authority; F108 . . .

• F108 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(9) The rights conferred on a child or young person by subsections (2) to (8) above are in addition to his rights under section 56 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984.

(10) The reference in subsection (2) above to a child or young person who is in police detention includes a reference to a child or young person who has been detained under the terrorism provisions; and in subsection (3) above “arrest” includes such detention.

(11) In subsection (10) above “the terrorism provisions” has the meaning assigned to it by section 65 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984]]

Textual Amendments

F102 S. 34 substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 25(1)

F103 S. 34(1) repealed (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 56, 101(1)(2), Sch. 12 para. 14, Sch. 13; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch.2

F104 S. 34(2)–(11) substituted for s. 34(2) by Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (c. 60, SIF 95), s. 57

F105 Words in s. 34(7) inserted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 6(2) ( with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F106 S. 34(7A) inserted (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41 , SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 6(3) ( with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F107 Word "(a)" in s. 34(8) repealed (14.10.1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(6)(7), Sch. 15 (with Sch. 14 para. 27(4)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

F108 Words from "and (b)" to the end in s. 34(8) repealed (14.10.1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(6)(7), Sch. 15 (with Sch. 14 para. 27(4)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C24 S. 34(2)-(7)(8)(9) applied (with modifications)(2.8.1993) by S.I. 1993/1813, arts. 1, 6, Sch. 3 Pt. I paras. 1, 3(3); s. 34(2)-(7)(8)(9) applied by the said S.I. 1993/1813, art. 6, Sch. 3 paras. 3(3), 4 as incorporated (with modifications) (1.12.1997) by S.I. 1994/1405, art. 6, Sch. 3 paras. 4(b), 5

C25 S. 34 applied (2.8.1993) by S.I. 1993/1813, arts. 1, 6, Sch. 3 Pt. I para. 3(4); s. 34 applied by the said S.I. 1993/1813, art. 6, Sch. 3 para. 3(4) as incorporated (with modifications) (1.12.1997) by S.I. 1994/1405, art. 6, Sch. 3 para. 4(d)

Marginal Citations

M4 1969 c.54 (20).

[34A F109 Attendance at court of parent or guardian. E+W

(1) Where a child or young person is charged with an offence or is for any other reason brought before a court, the court—

(a) may in any case; and

(b) shall in the case of a child or a young person who is under the age of sixteen years,

require a person who is a parent or guardian of his to attend at the court during all the stages of the proceedings, unless and to the extent that the court is satisfied that it would be unreasonable to require such attendance, having regard to the circumstances of the case.

(2) In relation to a child or young person for whom a local authority have parental responsibility and who—

(a) is in their care; or

(b) is provided with accommodation by them in the exercise of any functions (in particular those under the Children Act 1989) which stand referred to their social services committee under the Local Authority Social Services Act 1970,

the reference in subsection (1) above to a person who is a parent or guardian of his shall be construed as a reference to that authority or, where he is allowed to live with such a person, as including such a reference.

In this subsection “local authority” and “parental responsibility” have the same meanings as in the Children Act 1989.]

Textual Amendments

F109 S. 34A inserted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss.56, 101(2), Sch. 12 para. 14; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F110 E+W

Textual Amendments

F110 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

General Provisions as to Proceedings in Court E+W

36 Prohibition against children being present in court during the trial of other persons. E+W

No child (other than an infant in arms) shall be permitted to be present in court during the trial of any other person charged with an offence, or during any proceedings preliminary thereto, except during such time as his presence is required as a witness or otherwise for the purposes of justice; and any child present in court when under this section he is not to be permitted to be so shall be ordered to be removed:

Provided that this section shall not apply to messengers, clerks, and other persons required to attend at any court for purposes connected with their employment.

37 Power to clear court while child or young person is giving evidence in certain cases. E+W

(1) Where, in any proceedings in relation to an offence against, or any conduct contrary to, decency or morality, a person who, in the opinion of the court, is a child or young person is called as a witness, the court may direct that all or any persons, not being members or officers of the court or parties to the case, their counsel or solicitors, or persons otherwise directly concerned in the case, be excluded from the court during the taking of the evidence of that witness:

Provided that nothing in this section shall authorise the exclusion of bonâ fide representatives of a newspaper or news agency.

(2) The powers conferred on a court by this section shall be in addition and without prejudice to any other powers of the court to hear proceedings in camerâ.

38 Evidence of child of tender years. E+W

F111 (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2) If any child whose evidence is received [F112 unsworn in any proceedings for an offence by virtue of section 52 of the Criminal Justice Act 1991]wilfully gives false evidence in such circumstances that he would, if the evidence had been given on oath, have been guilty of perjury, he shall be liable on summary conviction to be dealt with as if he had been summarily convicted of an indictable offence punishable in the case of an adult with imprisonment.

Textual Amendments

F111 S. 38(1) repealed (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 52(2), 101(2), Sch.13; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

F112 Words in s. 38(2) substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 100, Sch. 11 para.1; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

39 Power to prohibit publication of certain matter in newspapers. E+W

(1) In relation to any proceedings in any court . . . F113 , the court may direct that—

(a) no newspaper report of the proceedings shall reveal the name, address or school, or include any particulars calculated to lead to the identification, of any child or young person concerned in the proceedings, either as being the person [F114 by or against] or in respect of whom the proceedings are taken, or as being a witness therein:

(b) no picture shall be published in any newspaper as being or including a picture of any child or young person so concerned in the proceedings as aforesaid;

except in so far (if at all) as may be permitted by the direction of the court.

(2) Any person who publishes any matter in contravention of any such direction shall on summary conviction be liable in respect of each offence to a fine not exceeding [F115 level 5 on the standard scale].

Textual Amendments

F113 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F114 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 57(1)

F115 Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 38, 46

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C26 S. 39 extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 57(3)(4) (as amended (13.4.2015) by Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 (c. 2), ss. 79(10), 95(1); S.I. 2015/778, art. 3, Sch. 1 para. 64 (with Sch. 2 para. 5))

C27 S. 39 extended with modifications by Cable and Broadcasting Act 1984 (c. 46, SIF 96), s. 57(1), Sch. 5 para. 4(3)

Special Procedure with regard to Offences specified in First Schedule E+W

F116 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E+W

Textual Amendments

F116 S. 40 repealed (E.W.) (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(4)(6)(7), Sch. 12 para. 3, Sch.15 (with Sch. 14 para. 27(4)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

41 Power to proceed with case in absence of child or young person. E+W

Where in any proceedings with relation to any of the offences mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act, the court is satisfied that the attendance before the court of any child or young person in respect of whom the offence is alleged to have been committed is not essential to the just hearing of the case, the case may be proceeded with and determined in the absence of the child or young person.

42 Extension of power to take deposition of child or young person. E+W

(1) Where a justice of the peace is satisfied by the evidence of a duly qualified medical practitioner that the attendance before a court of any child or young person in respect of whom any of the offences mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act is alleged to have been committed would involve serious danger to his life or health, the justice may take in writing the deposition of the child or young person on oath, and shall thereupon subscribe the depostion and add thereto a statement of his reason for taking it and of the day when and place where it was taken, and of the names of the persons (if any) present at the taking thereof.

(2) The justice taking any such deposition shall transmit it with his statement—

(a) if the deposition relates to an offence for which any accused person is already committed for trial, to the proper officer of the court for the trial at which the accused person has been committed; and

(b) in any other case, to the clerk of the court before which proceedings are pending in respect of the offence.

43 Admission of deposition of child or young person in evidence. E+W

Where, in any proceedings in respect of any of the offences mentioned in the First Schedule of this Act, the court is satisfied by the evidence of a duly qualified medical practitioner that the attendance before the court of any child or young person in respect of whom the offence is alleged to have been committed would involve serious danger to his life or health, any deposition of the child or young person taken under the M5 Indictable Offences Act 1848, or this Part of this Act, shall be admissible in evidence either for or against the accused person without further proof thereof if it purports to be signed by the justice by or before whom it purports to be taken:

Provided that the deposition shall not be admissible in evidence against the accused person unless it is proved that reasonable notice of the intention to take the deposition has been served upon him and that he or his counsel or solicitor had, or might have had if he had chosen to be present, an opportunity of cross-examining the child or young person making the deposition.

Marginal Citations

M5 1848 c. 42.

Principles to be observed by all Courts in dealing with Children and Young Persons E+W

44 General considerations. E+W

(1) Every court in dealing with a child or young person who is brought before it, either as . . . F117 an offender or otherwise, shall have regard to the welfare of the child or young person and shall in a proper case take steps for removing him from undesirable surroundings, and for securing that proper provision is made for his education and training.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F118

Textual Amendments

F117 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6

F118 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Youth Courts U.K.

45 Constitution of [F119 youth courts]. E+W

Courts of summary jurisdiction constituted in accordance with the provisions of the Second Schedule of this Act and sitting for the purpose of hearing any charge against a child or young person or for the purpose of exercising any other jurisdiction conferred on [F119 youth courts]by or under this or any other Act, shall be known as [F119 youth courts]and in whatever place sitting shall be deemed to be petty sessional courts.

Textual Amendments

F119 Words in s. 45 substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), s. 100, Sch. 11 para. 40(2)(a); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

46 Assignment of certain matters to [F120 youth courts]. E+W

(1) Subject as hereinafter provided, no charge against a child or young person, and no application whereof the hearing is by rules made under this section assigned to [F120 youth courts] ,shall be heard by a court of summary jurisdiction which is not a [F120 youth court]:

Provided that—

(a) a charge made jointly against a child or young person and a person who has attained [F121 the age of eighteen] years shall be heard by a court of summary jurisdiction other than a [F120 youth court]; and

(b) where a child or young person is charged with an offence, the charge may be heard by a court of summary jurisdiction which is not a [F120 youth court] if a person who has attained [F121 the age of eighteen] years is charged at the same time with aiding, abetting, causing, procuring, allowing or permitting that offence; and

(c) where, in the course of any proceedings before any court of summary jurisdiction other than a [F120 youth court], it appears that the person to whom the proceedings relate is a child or young person, nothing in this subsection shall be construed as preventing the court, if it thinks fit so to do, from proceeding with the hearing and determination of those proceedings.

[F122 (1A) If a notification that the accused desires to plead guilty without appearing before the court is received by the clerk of a court in pursuance of [F123 section 12 of the M6 Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980] and the court has no reason to believe that the accused is a child or young person, then, if he is a child or young person he shall be deemed to have attained [F121 the age of eighteen] for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section in its application to the proceedings in question.]

(2) No direction, whether contained in this or any other Act, that a charge shall be brought before a [F120 youth court]shall be construed as restricting the powers of any justice or justices to entertain an application for bail or for a remand, and to hear such evidence as may be necessary for that purpose.

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F124

Textual Amendments

F120 Words in s. 46 substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), s. 100, Sch. 11 para. 40(2)(a); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2.

F121 Words in s. 46(1)(1A) substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 68, 101(1), Sch. 8 para. 1(2), Sch. 12 para. 22(1); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch.2.

F122 S. 46(1A) inserted by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 5 para. 4

F123 Words substituted by Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (c. 43), ss. 154(2), 155(7), Sch. 7 para 6

F124 S. 46(3) repealed by Justices of the Peace Act 1949 (c. 101), Sch. 7, Pt. II

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C28 S. 46(1) excluded by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 18, Criminal Law Act 1977 (c. 45), s. 34(1) and Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (c. 43), ss. 29(1), 155(7)

Marginal Citations

M6 1980 c. 43.

47 Procedure in [F125 youth courts]. E+W

(1) [F125 Youth courts] shall sit as often as may be necessary for the purpose of exercising any jurisdiction conferred on them by or under this or any other Act.

(2) A [F125 youth court] shall [F126 not sit in a room in which sittings of a court other than a [F125 youth court] are held if a sitting of that other court has been or will be held there within an hour before or after the sitting of the [F125 youth court]]; and no person shall be present at any sitting of a [F125 youth court] except—

(a) members and officers of the court;

(b) parties to the case before the court, their solicitors and counsel, and witnesses and other persons directly concerned in that case;

(c) bonâ fide representatives of newspapers or news agencies;

(d) such other persons as the court may specially authorise to be present:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F127

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F128

Textual Amendments

F125 Words in s. 47 substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), s. 100, Sch. 11 para. 40(2)(a); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

F126 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 17(2)

F127 S. 47(2) proviso repealed by Justices of Peace Act 1949 (c. 101), Sch. 7 Pt. III

F128 S. 47(3) repealed by Justices of the Peace Act 1949 (c. 101), Sch. 7, Pt. II

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C29 S. 47(2) restricted by Adoption Act 1958 (7 & 8 Eliz. 2 c. 5), s. 47; restricted by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36), s. 37(4)

48 Miscellaneous provisions as to powers of [F129 youth courts]. E+W

(1) A [F129 youth court] sitting for the purpose of hearing a charge against, . . . F130 , a person who is believed to be a child or young person may, if it thinks fit to do so, proceed with the hearing and determination of the charge . . . F130 notwithstanding that it is discovered that the person in question is not a child or young person.

F131 [(2) The attainment of [F132 the age of eighteen] years by . . . F133 a person in whose case an order for conditional discharge has been made, shall not deprive a [F129 youth court] of jurisdiction to enforce his attendance and deal with him in respect of . . . F133 the commission of a further offence . . . F133 .

(3) When a [F129 youth court] has remanded a child or young person for information to be obtained with respect to him, any [F129 youth court]acting for the same petty sessional division or place—

(a) may in his absence extend the period for which he is remanded, so, however, that he appears before a court or a justice of the peace at least once in every twenty-one days;

(b) when the required information has been obtained, may deal with him finally;

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F134

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F135 a [F129 youth court]may sit on any day for the purpose of hearing and determining a charge against a child or young person in respect of an indictable offence.

(5) A [F129 youth court] sitting in [F136 the inner London area] shall have all the powers of a metropolitan police magistrate; and for the purposes of any enactment by virtue of which any powers are exercisable—

(a) by a court of summary jurisdiction acting for the same petty sessional division or place as a [F129 youth court] by which some previous act has been done; or

(b) by a [F129 youth court] acting for the same petty sessional division or place as a court of summary jurisdiction by which some previous act has been done,

[F136 the inner London area] shall be deemed to be the place for which all metropolitan police magistrates sitting in that area and all [F129 youth courts] sitting in that area act.

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F137

Textual Amendments

F129 Words in s. 48 substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), s. 100, Sch. 11 para. 40(2)(a); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch.2.

F130 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F131 S. 48(2) substituted by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 9

F132 Words in s. 48(2) substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 68, 101(1), Sch. 8 para. 1(2), Sch. 12 para. 22(1); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch.2

F133 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6

F134 Words repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 10 Pt. I

F135 Words repealed by Magistrates' Courts Act 1952 (c. 55), s. 132, Sch. 6

F136 Words substituted by virtue of Administration of Justice Act 1964 (c. 42), Sch. 3 Pt. I para. 4

F137 S. 48(6) repealed by Justices of the Peace Act 1949 (c. 101), Sch. 7, Pt. III

[F138 49 Restrictions on reports of proceedings in which children or young persons are concerned. E+W

(1) The following prohibitions apply (subject to subsection (5) below) in relation to any proceedings to which this section applies, that is to say—

(a) no report shall be published which reveals the name, address or school of any child or young person concerned in the proceedings or includes any particulars likely to lead to the identification of any child or young person concerned in the proceedings; and

(b) no picture shall be published or included in a programme service as being or including a picture of any child or young person concerned in the proceedings.

(2) The proceedings to which this section applies are—

(a) proceedings in a youth court;

(b) proceedings on appeal from a youth court (including proceedings by way of case stated);

(c) proceedings under section 15 or 16 of the M7 Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (proceedings for varying or revoking supervision orders); and

(d) proceedings on appeal from a magistrates’ court arising out of proceedings under section 15 or 16 of that Act (including proceedings by way of case stated).

(3) The reports to which this section applies are reports in a newspaper and reports included in a programme service; and similarly as respects pictures.

(4) For the purposes of this section a child or young person is “concerned” in any proceedings whether as being the person against or in respect of whom the proceedings are taken or as being a witness in the proceedings.

(5) Subject to subsection (7) below, a court may, in relation to proceedings before it to which this section applies, by order dispense to any specified extent with the requirements of this section in relation to a child or young person who is concerned in the proceedings if it is satisfied—

(a) that it is appropriate to do so for the purpose of avoiding injustice to the child or young person; or

(b) that, as respects a child or young person to whom this paragraph applies who is unlawfully at large, it is necessary to dispense with those requirements for the purpose of apprehending him and bringing him before a court or returning him to the place in which he was in custody.

(6) Paragraph (b) of subsection (5) above applies to any child or young person who is charged with or has been convicted of—

(a) a violent offence,

(b) a sexual offence, or

(c) an offence punishable in the case of a person aged 21 or over with imprisonment for fourteen years or more.

(7) The court shall not exercise its power under subsection (5)(b) above—

(a) except in pursuance of an application by or on behalf of the Director of Public Prosecutions; and

(b) unless notice of the application has been given by the Director of Public Prosecutions to any legal representative of the child or young person.

(8) The court’s power under subsection (5) above may be exercised by a single justice.

(9) If a report or picture is published or included in a programme service in contravention of subsection (1) above, the following persons, that is to say—

(a) in the case of publication of a written report or a picture as part of a newspaper, any proprietor, editor or publisher of the newspaper;

(b) in the case of the inclusion of a report or picture in a programme service, any body corporate which provides the service and any person having functions in relation to the programme corresponding to those of an editor of a newspaper,

shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale.

(10) In any proceedings under section 15 or 16 of the M8 Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (proceedings for varying or revoking supervision orders) before a magistrates’ court other than a youth court or on appeal from such a court it shall be the duty of the magistrates’ court or the appellate court to announce in the course of the proceedings that this section applies to the proceedings; and if the court fails to do so this section shall not apply to the proceedings.

(11) In this section—

• “legal representative” means an authorised advocate or authorised litigator, as defined by section 119(1) of the M9 Courts and Legal Services Act 1990;

• “programme” and “programme service” have the same meaning as in the M10 Broadcasting Act 1990;

• “sexual offence” has the same meaning as in section 31(1) of the M11 Criminal Justice Act 1991;

• “specified” means specified in an order under this section;

• “violent offence” has the same meaning as in section 31(1) of the Criminal Justice Act 1991;

and a person who, having been granted bail, is liable to arrest (whether with or without a warrant) shall be treated as unlawfully at large.]

Textual Amendments

F138 S. 49 substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s.49; S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch.1

Marginal Citations

M7 1969 c. 54.

M8 1969 c. 54.

M9 1990 c. 41.

M10 1990 c. 42.

M11 1991 c. 53

Juvenile Offenders E+W+S

50 Age of criminal responsibility. E+W

It shall be conclusively presumed that no child under the age of [F139 ten] years can be guilty of any offence.

Textual Amendments

F139 Word substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 16(1)

51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F140 E+W

Textual Amendments

F140 Ss. 1(4), 51 repealed by Criminal Law Act 1967 (c. 58), s. 12, Sch. 3 Pt. III

52 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F141 E+W

Textual Amendments

F141 Ss. 33, 52 repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 10 Pt. I

53 Punishment of certain grave crimes. E+W

[F142 (1) A person convicted of an offence who appears to the court to have been under the age of eighteen years at the time the offence was committed shall not, if he is convicted of murder, be sentenced to imprisonment for life, nor shall sentence of death be pronounced on or recorded against any such person; but in lieu thereof the court shall (notwithstanding anything in this or in any other Act) sentence him to be detained during Her Majesty’s pleasure, and if so sentenced he shall be liable to be detained in such place under such conditions [F143 —

(a) as the Secretary of State may direct, or

(b) as the Secretary of State may arrange with any person.]]

[F144 (2) Subsection (3) below applies—

(a) where a person of at least 10 but not more than 17 years is convicted on indictment of—

(i) any offence punishable in the case of an adult with imprisonment for fourteen years or more, not being an offence the sentence for which is fixed by law, or

(ii) an offence under section 14 of the M12 Sexual Offences Act 1956 (indecent assault on a woman);

(b) where a young person is convicted of—

(i) an offence under section 1 of the M13 Road Traffic Act 1988 (causing death by dangerous driving), or

(ii) an offence under section 3A of the Road Traffic Act 1988 (causing death by careless driving while under influence of drink or drugs).

(3) Where this subsection applies, then, if the court] is of opinion that none of the other methods in which the case may legally be dealt with is suitable, the court may sentence the offender to be detained for such period [F145 not exceeding the maximum term of imprisonment with which the offence is punishable in the case of an adult] as may be specified in the sentence; and where such a sentence has been passed the child or young person shall, during that period . . . F146 be liable to be detained in such place and on such conditions [F147 —

(a) as the Secretary of State may direct, or

(b) as the Secretary of State may arrange with any person.

(4) A person detained pursuant to the directions or arrangements made by the Secretary of State under this section shall, while so detained, be deemed to be in legal custody.]

Textual Amendments

F142 S. 53(1) substituted by Murder (Abolition of Death Penalty) Act 1965 (c. 71), s. 1(5)

F143 Words in s. 53(1) substituted (9.1.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 16(2); S.I. 1994/ 3192, art. 2(1),Sch.

F144 Words in s. 53 substituted (9.1.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 16(3); S.I. 1994/3192, art. 2(1),Sch.

F145 Words inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1961 (c. 39), s. 41(3), Sch. 4

F146 Words repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 10 Pt. I

F147 Words in s. 53(3)(4) substituted (9.1.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 16(4); S.I. 1994/3192, art. 2(1),Sch.

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C30 S. 53 modified by Criminal Justice Act 1967 (c. 80), ss. 61, 62; extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 30(1)

C31 S. 53(2) restricted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 3(1)

C32 Power to repeal in part conferred by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54, SIF 20), s. 69(5)

C33 S. 53(2) modified (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 64, 101(1), Sch. 12 para. 18; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

Marginal Citations

M12 1956 c. 69.

M13 1988 c. 52.

54 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F148 E+W

Textual Amendments

F148 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

[F149 55 Power to order parent or guardian to pay fine, etc. E+W

(1) Where—

(a) a child or young person is convicted or found guilty of any offence for the commission of which a fine or costs may be imposed or a compensation order may be made under section 35 of the Powers of Criminal Courts Act 1973; and

(b) the court is of opinion that the case would best be met by the imposition of a fine or costs or the making of such an order, whether with or without any other punishment,

it shall be the duty of the court to order that the fine, compensation or costs awarded be paid by the parent or guardian of the child or young person instead of by the child or young person himself, unless the court is satisfied—

(i) that the parent or guardian cannot be found; or

(ii) that it would be unreasonable to make an order for payment, having regard to the circumstances of the case.

[F150 (1A) Where but for this subsection—

(a) a court would order a child or young person to pay a fine under section 15(2A) of the Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (failure to comply with requirement included in supervision order); or

(b) a court would impose a fine on a young person under section 16(3) of the Powers of Criminal Courts Act 1973 (breach of requirements of community service order),

it shall be the duty of the court to order that the fine be paid by the parent or guardian of the child or young person instead of by the child or young person himself, unless the court is satisfied—

(i) that the parent or guardian cannot be found; or

(ii) that it would be unreasonable to make an order for payment, having regard to the circumstances of the case.]

[F151 (1B) In the case of a young person who has attained the age of sixteen years, subsections (1) and (1A) above shall have effect as if, instead of imposing a duty, they conferred a power to make such an order as is mentioned in those subsections.]

(2) An order under this section may be made against a parent or guardian who, having been required to attend, has failed to do so, but, save as aforesaid, no such order shall be made without giving the parent or guardian an opportunity of being heard.

(3) A parent or guardian may appeal to the Crown Court against an order under this section made by a magistrates’ court.

(4) A parent or guardian may appeal to the Court of Appeal against an order made under this section by the Crown Court, as if he had been convicted on indictment and the order were a sentence passed on his conviction.]

[F152 (5) In relation to a child or young person for whom a local authority have parental responsibility and who—

(a) is in their care; or

(b) is provided with accommodation by them in the exercise of any functions (in particular those under the Children Act 1989) which stand referred to their social services committee under the Local Authority Social Services Act 1970,

references in this section to his parent or guardian shall be construed as references to that authority.

In this subsection “local authority” and “parental responsibility” have the same meanings as in the Children Act 1989.]

Textual Amendments

F149 S. 55 substituted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 26

F150 S. 55(1A) inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33. SIF 39:1), s. 127

F151 S. 55(1B) inserted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 57(1), 101(1), Sch. 12 para. 14; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

F152 S. 55(5) inserted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 57(2), 101(1), Sch. 12 para. 14; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C34 S. 55 restricted (20.9.1993) by 1991 c. 53, s. 20(1B), as amended by 1993 c. 36, ss. 65(3), Sch. 3, para. 2(1); S.I. 1993/1968, art. 2(2), Sch.2.

56 Power of other courts to remit juvenile offenders to [F153 youth courts]. E+W

(1) Any court by or before which a [F154 child or] young person is found guilty of an offence other than homicide, may, [F155 and, if it is not a [F153 youth court], shall unless satisfied that it would be undesirable to do so] remit the case to a [F153 youth court] acting for the place where the offender was committed for trial, or, if he was not committed for trial, to a [F153 youth court] acting either for the same place as the remitting court or for the place where the offender [F156 habitually resides]; and, where any such case is so remitted, the offender shall be brought before a [F153 youth court] accordingly, and that court may deal with him in any way in which it might have dealt with him if he had been tried and found guilty by that court.

[F157 (2) Where any case is so remitted—

(a) the offender shall have the same right of appeal against any order of the court to which the case is remitted as if he had been found guilty by that court, but shall have no right of appeal against the order of remission; and

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F158 ]

(3) A court by which an order remitting a case to a [F153 youth court] is made under this section may [F159 , subject to section 25 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994,] give such directions as appear to be necessary with respect to the custody of the offender or for his release on bail until he can be brought before the [F153 youth court], and shall cause to be transmitted to the clerk of the [F153 youth court] a certificate setting out the nature of the offence and stating that the offender has been found guilty thereof, and that the case has been remitted for the purpose of being dealt with under this section.

Textual Amendments

F153 Words in s. 56 substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), s. 100, Sch. 11 para. 40(2)(a); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

F154 Words repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6

F155 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 14(1)

F156 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 5 para. 6

F157 S. 56(2) substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 14(2)

F158 S. 56(2)(b) repealed by Courts Act 1971 (c. 23), Sch. 11 Pt. IV

F159 Words in s. 56(3) inserted (10.4.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 168(2), Sch. 10 para.5; S.I. 1995/721, art. 2, Sch. AppendixA

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C35 S. 56 restricted by S.I. 1988/913, rule 11(1)

C36 S. 56 amended by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 7(8)

57 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F160 E+W+S

Textual Amendments

F160 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

F161 58 Power of Secretary of State to send certain juvenile offenders to approved schools. E+W

The Secretary of State may by order direct that—

(a) a person who is under the age of eighteen years and is undergoing detention in a Borstal institution; or

(b) a child or young person with respect to whom he is authorised to give directions under subsection (2) of section fifty-three of this Act; or

(c) a young person who has been ordered to be imprisoned and has been pardoned by His Majesty on condition of his agreeing to undergo training in a school,

shall be transferred or sent to and detained in an approved school specified in the order; and any such order shall be an authority [F162 for his detention in that approved school or in such other approved school as the Secretary of State may from time to time determine] until such date as may be specified in the order:

Provided that the date to be so specified shall be not later than that on which he will in the opinion of the Secretary of State attain the age of nineteen years nor later—

(a) in the case of a person who was . . . F163 sentenced to detention under the said sub-section (2), than the date on which his detention would have expired;

(b) in the case of a young person who has been sentenced to imprisonment and pardoned as aforesaid, than three years from the date as from which his sentence began to run;

[F164 (c) in the case of a person who was undergoing detention in a Borstal institution, than the end of the period for which he would have been liable to be detained therein.]

Textual Amendments

F161 S. 58 repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6

F162 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), Sch. 3 para. 13

F163 Words repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 10 Pt. I

F164 S. 58 proviso(c) added by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 9

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C37 S. 58 extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 11(2)(4)

59 Miscellaneous provisions as to summary proceedings against juvenile offenders. E+W

(1) The words “conviction” and “sentence” shall cease to be used in relation to [F165 children and] young persons dealt with summarily and any reference in any enactment [F166 whether passed before or after the commencement of this Act] to a person convicted, a conviction or a sentence shall, in the case of a [F165 child or] young person, be construed as including a reference to a person found guilty of an offence, a finding of guilt or an order made upon such a finding, as the case may be:

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F167

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F168

Textual Amendments

F165 Words repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6

F166 Words inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 9

F167 S. 59(1) proviso repealed by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 10 Pt. I

F168 S. 59(2) repealed by Costs in Criminal Cases Act 1952 (c. 48), Sch.

60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F169 E+W

Textual Amendments

F169 S. 60 and Sch. 3 repealed by Magistrates' Courts Act 1952 (c. 55), s. 132, Sch. 6

61 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F170 E+W

Textual Amendments

F170 Ss. 14(3), 22, 24(3)(5), 29(1)(2), 61 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

62—76 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F171 E+W

Textual Amendments

F171 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Part IV E+W Remand Homes, Approved Schools, and Persons To whose care children and young persons may be committed

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C38 Pt. IV amended by Local Authority Social Services Act 1970 (c. 42), s. 2(1), Sch. 1 and (1.4.1981) Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), ss. 78 (1)(2)(b), 79 (1)(4)(5)(b). (Child Care Act 1980 (c.5) repealed (14.10.1991) with saving by Children Act 1989 (c.41, SIF 20), s. 108(6)(7), Sch. 14 paras. 21, 27(4), Sch. 15; S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

Remand Homes E+W

77 Provision of remand homes by councils of counties and county boroughs. E+W

(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F172

F173 (2) The authority or persons reponsible for the management of any institution other than a prison may, subject in the case of an institution supported wholly or partly out of public funds to the consent of the Government department concerned, arrange with the council of a county or county borough for the use of the institution, or any part thereof, as a remand home upon such terms as may be agreed.

[F174 F173 (2A) The council of a county or county borough may contribute, towards the expenditure incurred by any society or person in establishing, enlarging or improving an institution for the purpose of its being used, in accordance with an arrangement with the council, as a remand home for that county or county borough, such sums and subject to such conditions, as the council think fit; and subsection (5) of section seventy-seven of the M14 Criminal Justice Act 1948, shall apply to any sums so paid as it applies to the payments referred to in that subsection.]

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F172

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F175

Textual Amendments

F172 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

F173 S. 77 (2)(2A) repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6

F174 S. 77(2A) added by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), Sch. 9

F175 S. 77(4) repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6

Marginal Citations

M14 1948 c. 58.

78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F176 E+W

Textual Amendments

F176 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Approved Schools E+W

F177 79 Approval of schools. E+W

(1) The managers of any school intended for the education and training of persons to be sent there in pursuance of this Act may apply to the Secretary of State to approve the school for that purpose, and the Secretary of State may, after making such inquiries as he thinks fit, approve the school for that purpose and issue a certificate of approval to the managers.

F177 (2) If at any time the Secretary of State is dissatisfied with the condition or management of an approved school, or considers its continuance as an approved school unnecessary, he may by notice served on the managers withdraw the certificate of approval of the school as from a date specified in the notice, not being less than six months after the date of the notice, and upon the date so specified (unless the notice is previously withdrawn) the withdrawal of the certificate shall take effect and the school shall cease to be an approved school:

Provided that the Secretary of State, instead of withdrawing the certificate of approval, may by a notice served on the managers of the school prohibit the admission of persons to the school for such time as may be specified in the notice, or until the notice is revoked.

F177 (3) The managers of an approved school may, on giving six months’ notice in writing to the Secretary of State of their intention so to do, surrender the certificate of approval of the school, and at the expiration of six months from the date of the notice (unless the notice is previously withdrawn), the surrender of the certificate shall take effect, and the school shall cease to be an approved school.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F178

F177 (5) The Secretary of State shall cause any grant of a certificate of approval of an approved school, and any notice of the withdrawal of, or intention to surrender, such a certificate, to be advertised within one month from the date thereof in the London Gazette.

Textual Amendments

F177 S. 79(1)-(3)(5) repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2) Sch. 6

F178 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C39 Power to apply s. 79 conferred by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), s. 49(2)

C40 S. 79(2) applied by Criminal Justice Act 1961 (c. 39), s. 18(2)

F179 80 Provision of approved schools by local authorities. E+W

(1) A local authority may, with the approval of the Secretary of State, undertake, or combine with any other local authority in undertaking, or contribute such sums of money upon such conditions as they may think fit towards, the purchase, establishment, building, alteration, enlargement, rebuilding or management of an approved school:

Provided that, before giving his approval, the Secretary of State shall satisfy himself that the proposed expenditure is reasonable and, where it is proposed to purchase, build or establish a new school, that there is a deficiency of approved school accommodation which cannot properly be remedied in any other way.

(2) In the event of a deficiency of approved school accommodation, it shall be the duty of every local authority concerned to take, either alone or in combination with other local authorities, appropriate steps under this section to remedy the deficiency.

Textual Amendments

F179 S. 80 repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6

81 Classification, administration, and management. E+W

F180 (1) The Secretary of State may classify approved schools according to the age of the persons for whom they are intended, the religious persuasion of such persons, the character of the education and training given therein, their geographical position, and otherwise as he thinks best calculated to secure that a person sent to an approved school is sent to a school appropriate to his case, or as may be necessary or the purposes of this Act.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F181

F180 (3) The provisions set out in the Fourth Schedule to this Act shall have effect in relation to the administration of approved schools and the treatment of persons sent thereto.

Textual Amendments

F180 S. 81(1)(3) repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6.

F181 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C41 S. 81 extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 11(2)(4)

82—85. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F182 E+W

Textual Amendments

F182 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

86—89. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F183 E+W

Textual Amendments

F183 Ss. 86–89, 92, 93 repealed by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), s. 89, Sch. 6

90, 91. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F184 E+W

Textual Amendments

F184 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Part V E+W

92, 93. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F185 E+W

Textual Amendments

F185 Ss. 86–89, 92, 93 repealed by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), s. 89, Sch. 6

94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F186 E+W

Textual Amendments

F186 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F187 E+W

Textual Amendments

F187 S. 95 repealed by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 4 Pt. II

Part VI E+W Supplemental

Local Authorities E+W

96 Provisions as to local authorities. E+W

(1) Subject to the modifications hereinafter contained as to the City of London, where any powers or duties are by [F188 Part II of this Act] conferred or imposed on local authorities (by that description) those powers and duties shall . . . F189 be powers and duties of local education authorities . . . F189 .

[F190 (1A) The local authorities for the purposes of Parts III and IV of this Act shall be the council of counties (other than metropolitan counties), of metropolitan districts and of London boroughs and the Common Council of the City of London [F191 but, in relation to Wales, shall be the councils of counties and county boroughs].]

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F192

(3) Expenses incurred by a local authority in connection with powers and duties which are, under this Act, exercised and performed by them as local education authorities [F193 shall be defrayed as expenses under the enactments relating to education].

(4) Expenses incurred under this Act by the council of a county or county borough, exclusive of any expenses to be defrayed [F193 in accordance with] the last foregoing subsection . . . F189 shall be defrayed . . . F194 as expenses for general county purposes or, as the case may be, out of the general rate.

[F195 (4A) Subsection (4) above does not apply in relation to the council of any Welsh county or county borough.]

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F196

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F197

(7) [F198 Subject to the provisions of [F199 sections 2 and 3 of the M15 Local Authority Social Services Act 1970 (which require certain matters to be referred to the social services committee and restrict the reference of other matters to that committee)]] a local authority may refer to a committee appointed for the purposes of this Act, or to any committee appointed for the purposes of any other Act, any matter relating to the exercise by the authority of any of their powers under this act and may delegate any of the said powers (other than any power to borrow money) to any such committee.

(8) A local authority, or a committee to whom any powers of a local authority under this Act have been delegated, may by resolution empower the clerk or the chief education officer of the authority to exercise in the name of the authority in any case which appears to him to be one of urgency any powers of the authority or, as the case may be, of the committee with respect to the institution of proceedings under this Act.

Textual Amendments

F188 Words substituted by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 3

F189 Words repealed by Education Act 1944 (c.31),Sch.9 Pt.1

F190 S. 96(1A) inserted (1.4.1981) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), Sch. 5 para. 1

F191 Words at the end of s. 96(1A) added (1.4.1996) by 1994 c. 19, s. 22(4), Sch. 10 para. 1(2) (with s. 54(7), Sch. 17 paras. 22(1), 23(2)); S.I. 1996/396, art. 3, Sch.1

F192 S. 96(2) repealed by Education Act 1944 (c. 31), Sch. 9

F193 Words substituted by Education Act 1944 (c. 31), Sch. 8 which 1944 Act was repealed (1.11.1996) by 1996 c. 56, s. 582(2), Sch. 38 Pt. I (with ss. 1(4), 582(3), Sch. 39), and by s. 582(1), Sch. 37 Pt. I para.1 of that 1996 Act it is provided (1.11.1996) that s. 96 should continue to have effect with the amendments originally made by Sch. 8 to the 1944 Act

F194 Words repealed by National Assistance Act 1948 (c. 29), s. 62, Sch. 7 Pt. III

F195 S. 96(4A) inserted (1.4.1996) by 1994 c. 19, s. 22(4), Sch. 10 para. 1(3) (with s. 54(7), Sch. 17 paras. 22(1), 23(2)); S.I. 1996/396, art. 3, Sch.1

F196 S. 96(5) repealed by Acquisition of Land Act 1981 (c. 67, SIF 28:1), s. 34(3), Sch. 6 Pt. II

F197 S. 96(6) repealed by London Government Act 1963 (c. 33). s. 93, Sch. 18 Pt. II

F198 Words inserted by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 3

F199 Words substituted by Local Authority Social Services Act 1970 (c. 42), Sch. 2 para. 1

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C42 Reference to expenses for general county purposes to be construed as reference to general expenses of a county council, and references to clerk of a local authority to be construed as reference to proper officer of a local authority: Local Government Act 1972 (c. 70), Sch. 29 Pt I paras. 3(a), 4(1)(a)

C43 S. 96(1) amended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 56(1)

C44 S. 96(4) excluded by London Government Act 1963 (c. 33), s. 47(2)

Marginal Citations

M15 1970 c. 42.

97 Modifications of last foregoing section as to City of London. E+W

The last foregoing section shall, in its application to the City of London, have effect subject to the modifications that the powers and duties of a local authority under this Act . . . F200 as respects street trading and employment, shall be powers and duties of the Common Council and any expenses of the Common Council shall be defrayed out of the general rate:

Provided that—

(a) the powers and duties of a local authority with respect to the granting of licences for children to take part in entertainments shall be powers and duties of the . . . F201 local education authority . . . F202 ; and

(b) nothing in this section shall exempt the City of London from the liability to contribute towards the expenses incurred by the [F203 local education authority] under this Act, . . . F200

Textual Amendments

F200 Words repealed by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 3

F201 Words repealed by London Government Act 1963 (c. 33), s. 93, Sch. 18, Pt. II

F202 Words repealed by Education Act 1944 (c.31),Sch.9 Pt.1

F203 Words substituted by London Government Act 1963 (c. 33), s. 30(8)

[F204 98 †Institution of proceedings by local or poor law authorities. E+W

Without prejudice to the last foregoing section, a local education authority may institute proceedings for any offence under Part I or Part II of this Act.]

Textual Amendments

F204 S. 98 substituted by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 3

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C45 Unreliable marginal note.

Supplementary Provisions as to Legal Proceedings E+W

99 Presumption and determination of age. E+W

(1) Where a person, whether charged with an offence or not, is brought before any court otherwise than for the purpose of giving evidence, and it appears to the court that he is a child or young person, the court shall make due inquiry as to the age of that person, and for that purpose shall take such evidence as may be forthcoming at the hearing of the case, but an order or judgment of the court shall not be invalidated by any subsequent proof that the age of that person has not been correctly stated to the court, and the age presumed or declared by the court to be the age of the person so brought before it shall, for the purposes of this Act, be deemed to be the true age of that person, and, where it appears to the court that the person so brought before it has attained [F205 the age of eighteen] years, that person shall for the purposes of this Act be deemed not to be a child or young person.

(2) Where in any charge or indictment for any offence under this Act or any of the offences mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act [F206 except as provided in that Schedule], it is alleged that the person by or in respect of whom the offence was committed was a child or young person or was under or had attained any specified age, and he appears to the court to have been at the date of the commission of the alleged offence a child or young person, or to have been under or to have attained the specified age, as the case may be, he shall for the purposes of this Act be presumed at that date to have been a child or young person or to have been under or to have attained that age, as the case may be, unless the contrary is proved.

(3) Where, in any charge or indictment for any offence under this Act or any of the offences mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act, it is alleged that the person in respect of whom the offence was committed was a child or was a young person, it shall not be a defence to prove that the person alleged to have been a child was a young person or the person alleged to have been a young person was a child in any case where the acts constituting the alleged offence would equally have been an offence if committed in respect of a young person or child respectively.

(4) Where a person is charged with an offence under this Act in respect of a person apparently under a specified age it shall be a defence to prove that the person was actually of or over that age.

Textual Amendments

F205 Words in s. 99(1) substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991, (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 68, 101(1), Sch. 8 para. 1(2), Sch. 12 para. 22(1); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch.2

F206 Words substituted by Sexual Offences Act 1956 (c. 69), Sch. 3

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C46 S. 99 extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 70(3)

C47 S. 99 extended by Mental Health Act 1983 (c. 20, SIF 85), ss. 55(7), 131(1)

100 Evidence of wages of defendant. E+W

In any proceedings under this Act a copy of an entry in the wages book of any employer of labour, or if no wages book be kept a written statement signed by the employer or by any responsible person in his employ, shall be evidence that the wages therein entered or stated as having been paid to any person, have in fact been so paid.

101 Application of Summary Jurisdiction Acts. E+W

(1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, all orders of a court of summary jurisdiction, whether a petty sessional court or not, under this Act shall be made, and all proceedings in relation to any such orders shall be taken, in manner provided by the Summary Jurisdiction Acts . . . F207

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F208

Textual Amendments

F207 Words repealed by Justices of the Peace Act 1949 (c. 101), Sch. 7 Pt. II

F208 Ss. 46(3), 47(3), 101(2) repealed by Justices of the Peace Act 1949 (c. 101), Sch. 7, Pt. II

102 †Appeals to quarter sessions. E+W

(1) Appeals to [F209 the Crown Court] from orders of a court of summary jurisdiction under this Act may be brought in the following cases and by the following persons, that is to say—

(a), (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F210

(c), (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F211

(e) in the case of an order requiring the owner of an automatic machine for the sale of tobacco or the person on whose premises such a machine is kept, to take precautions to prevent the machine being extensively used by persons apparently under the age of sixteen years or to remove the machine, by any person aggrieved;

(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F212

(2) Nothing in this section shall be construed as affecting the . . . F213 any other right of appeal conferred by this or any other Act.

Textual Amendments

F209 Words substituted by Courts Act 1971 (c. 23), s. 56(2), Sch. 9 Pt. I

F210 S. 102(1)(a)(b) repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

F211 S. 102(1)(c)(d) repealed (1.4.1981) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), s. 89, Sch. 6

F212 S. 102(1)(f) and words repealed by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 4 Pt. II

F213 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C48 Unreliable marginal note.

Supplementary Provisions as to Secretary of State E+W

F214 103 Power of Secretary of State to appoint inspectors. E+W

The Secretary of State may appoint for the purposes of the enactments relating to children and young persons a chief inspector, and such number of inspectors to act under the direction of the chief inspector as the Treasury may approve, and may pay to the persons so appointed such remuneration and allowances as with the consent of the Treasury he may determine, and they shall perform such duties as the Secretary of State may from time to time direct.

Textual Amendments

F214 S. 103 repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6

F215 104 Exchequer grants and expenses of Secretary of State. E+W

(1) There shall be paid out of money provided by Parliament—

(a) such sums on such conditions as the Secretary of State with the approval of the Treasury may recommend towards—

(i) the expenses of the managers of an approved school;

(ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F216

(iii) the expenses of a council of a county or county borough in respect of remand homes;

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F217

(c) any expenses incurred by the Secretary of State in the administration of this Act.

(2) The conditions on which any sums are paid under this section towards the expenses incurred in connection with the provision of a site for, or with the erection, enlargement, improvement or repair of, an approved school, may include conditions for securing the repayment in whole or in part of the sums paid in the event of the school ceasing to be an approved school, and, notwithstanding anything in the constitution of the school or of the managers thereof, or in the trusts, if any, to which the property of the school or of the managers is subject, the managers and any persons who are trustees of any of the said property may accept those sums on those conditions, and execute any instrument required for carrying into effect those conditions, and shall be bound by those conditions and by any instrument so executed and have power to fulfil the conditions and the obligations created by the instrument.

Textual Amendments

F215 S. 104 repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), ss. 72, 73(2), Sch. 6; amended by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), s. 49(6) and Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 11(3)

F216 S. 104(1)(a)(ii) repealed by Children Act 1948 (c. 43), Sch. 4 Pt. I

F217 S. 104(1)(b) repealed by Local Government Act 1958 (c. 55), Sch. 9 Pt. II

General E+W

105 Variation of Orders in Council. E+W

An Order in Council under this Act may be revoked or varied by any subsequent Order in Council.

106 Provisions as to documents, &c. E+W

(1) An order or other act of the Secretary of State under this Act may be signified under the hand of the Secretary of State or an Under-Secretary of State or an Assistant Under-Secretary [F218 or, in the case of a direction under section 53(1) or (2) above, of any authorised officer].

(2) A document purporting to be a copy—

(a) of an order made by a court under or by virtue of any of the provisions contained in sections fifty-six, fifty-seven and sixty-two to ninety of this Act or in the Fourth Schedule to this Act

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F219

(c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F220

shall, if it purports to be certified as a true copy by the clerk of the court, be evidence of the order.

(3) The production of a copy of the London Gazette containing a notice of the grant, or of the withdrawal or surrender, of a certificate of approval of an approved school shall be sufficient evidence of the fact of a certificate having been duly granted to the school named in the notice, or of the withdrawal or surrender of such a certificate, and the grant of a certificate of approval of an approved school may also be proved by the production of the certificate itself, or of a document purporting to be a copy of the certificate and to be authenticated as such by an Under-Secretary of State or Assistant Under-Secretary.

(4) Any notice or other document required or authorised by this Act to be served on the managers of an approved school may, if those managers are a local authority or a joint committee representing two or more local authorities, be served either personally or by post upon their clerk, and in any other case, may be served either personally or by post upon any one of the managers, or their secretary, or the headmaster of the school.

(5) An order, licence, or other document may be authenticated on behalf of the managers of an approved school, if they are a local authority or a joint committee representing two or more local authorities, by the signature of their clerk or some other officer of the local authority duly authorised in that behalf, and in any other case, by the signature of one of the managers or their secretary, or of the headmaster.

Textual Amendments

F218 Words added by Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33, SIF 39:1), s. 129

F219 S. 106(2)(b) repealed by Education Act 1944 (c. 31), Sch. 9 Pt. I

F220 S. 106(2)(c) repealed (1.4.1981) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), s. 89, Sch. 6

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C49 S. 106 extended by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 11(2)(4)

C50 Power to apply s. 106(3) conferred by Criminal Justice Act 1948 (c. 58), s. 49(2)

107 Interpretation. E+W

(1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, the following expressions have the meanings hereby respectively assigned to them, that is to say,—

• [F221 “Approved school” means a school approved by the Secretary of State under section seventy-nine of this Act;]

• [F221 “Approved school order” means an order made by a court sending a . . . F222 person to an approved school;]

• F223 . . .

• “Chief officer of police” [F224 as regards England has the same meaning as in the M16 Police Act 1964], as regards Scotland has the same meaning as in [F225 the M17 Police (Scotland) Act 1967], and as regards Northern Ireland means a district inspector of the Royal Ulster Constabulary;

• “Child” means a person under the age of fourteen years;

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F226

• “Guardian”, in relation to a child or young person, includes any person who, in the opinion of the court having cognisance of any case in relation to the child or young person or in which the child or young person is concerned, has for the time being the [F227 care of] the child or young person;

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F228

• “Intoxicating liquor” [F229 has the same meaning as in the M18 Licensing Act 1964]

• [F230 “Legal guardian”, in relation to a child or young person, means a guardian of a child as defined in the Children Act 1989]

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F231

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F232

• “Place of safety” means [F233 a community home provided by a local authority or a controlled community home, any] police station, or any hospital, surgery, or any other suitable place, the occupier of which is willing temporarily to receive a child or young person;

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F234

• “Prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State;

• “Public place” includes any public park, garden, sea beach or railway station, and any ground to which the public for the time being have or are permitted to have access, whether on payment or otherwise;

• . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F235

• “Street” includes any highway and any public bridge, road, lane, footway, square, court, alley or passage, whether a thoroughfare or not;

• [F236 “young person” means a person who has attained the age of fourteen and is under the age of eighteen years.]

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F237

(3) References in this Act to any enactment or to any provision in any enactment shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to that enactment or provision as amended by any subsequent enactment including this Act.

Textual Amendments

F221 Definitions repealed (prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 73(2), Sch. 6

F222 Words repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F223 Definitions in s. 107(1) repealed (E.W.) (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(6)(7), Sch. 15 ( with Sch. 14 para. 27(4)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F224 Words substituted by Police Act 1964 (c. 48), Sch. 9

F225 Words substituted by Police (Scotland) Act 1967 (c. 77), Sch. 4

F226 Definition repealed (1.4.1981) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5), s. 89, Sch. 6

F227 Words in s. 107(1) substituted (E.W.) (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 7(a),( with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F228 Definition repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1963 (c. 37), s. 64, Sch. 5

F229 Words substituted by Finance Act 1967 (c. 54), s. 5(1)(e)

F230 Definition in s. 107(1) substituted (E.W.) (14. 10. 1991) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108(5)(6), Sch. 13 para. 7(b) ( with Sch. 14 para. 1(1)); S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2).

F231 Definitions repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6 and spent

F232 Definition repealed by Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1986 (c.12), s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt. XIII

F233 Words substituted by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 5 para. 12(2)

F234 Definitions repealed by National Assistance Act 1948 (c. 29), s. 62, Sch. 7 Pt. III and Police Act 1964 (c. 48), s. 64, Sch. 10 Pt. I

F235 Definition repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), Sch. 6

F236 Definition in s. 107(1) substituted (E.W.) (1.10.1992 except to the extent that it would otherwise apply to s. 34 of this Act as mentioned in art. 2(4) of S.I. 1992/333) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 68, 101(1), Sch. 8 para. 1(3), Sch. 12 para. 22(1); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2)(4), Sch.2.

F237 S. 107(2) repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C51 Definition of “Chief officer of police”amended by S. R. & O. (N.I.) 1970 No. 111, reg. 6(b)

Marginal Citations

M16 1964 c. 48.

M17 1967 c. 77.

M18 1964 c. 64.

108 Transitory provisions. E+W

(1) Without prejudice to the provisions of [F238 the M19 Interpretation Act 1978] with respect to repeals, the transitory provisions set out in the Fifth Schedule to this Act shall have effect for the purposes of the transition to the provisions of this Act from the provisions of the enactments repealed by the M20 Children and Young Persons Act 1932, and by this Act.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F239

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F239

(4) References in any Act or other document to [F240 youth courts] under the M21 Children Act 1908, shall be construed as including references to such courts under this Act.

(5) References in any Act or other document to any enactment repealed and re-enacted with or without modifications by this Act F241 . . . shall be construed as including references to the corresponding provision of this Act.

F242 (6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F238 Words substituted by virtue of Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30), s. 25(2)

F239 Ss. 26(6), 29(3), 32, 35, 44(2), 54, 55(2), 57, 62–76, 77(1)(3), 78, 79(4), 81(2), 82–85, 90, 91, 94, 107(2), 108(2)(3), Sch. 4 paras. 4–13 repealed by Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54), s. 72, Sch. 6

F240 Words in s. 108(4) substituted (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), s. 100, Sch. 11 para. 40(2)(a); S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

F241 Words in s. 108(5) repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt.VIII.

F242 S. 108(6) repealed (5.11.1993) by 1993 c. 50, s. 1(1), Sch. 1 Pt.VIII.

Marginal Citations

M19 1978 c. 30.

M20 1932 c. 46.

M21 1908 c. 67.

109 †Short title, commencement, extent, and repeals. E+W

(1) This Act may be cited as the Children and Young Persons Act 1933.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F243

(3) Save as therein otherwise expressly provided, this Act shall not extend to Scotland or Northern Ireland.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F243

Textual Amendments

F243 S. 109(2)(4) and Sch. 6 repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1950 (c. 6)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C52 Unreliable marginal note.