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There are outstanding changes not yet made to Commission Decision of 25 June 2010 on the implementation by Member States of surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds (notified under document C(2010) 4190) (Text with EEA relevance) (2010/367/EU). Any changes that have already been made to the legislation appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
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THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Having regard to Council Directive 90/425/EEC of 26 June 1990 concerning veterinary and zootechnical checks applicable in intra-Community trade in certain live animals and products with a view to the completion of the internal market(1), and in particular Article 10(4) thereof,
Having regard to Council Directive 2005/94/EC of 20 December 2005 on Community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing Directive 92/40/EEC(2) and in particular Article 4(2) thereof,
Whereas:
(1) Avian influenza is an infectious viral disease in birds, including poultry. Infections with avian influenza viruses in domestic poultry cause two main forms of that disease that are distinguished by their virulence. The low pathogenic form generally only causes mild symptoms, while the highly pathogenic form results in very high mortality rates in most poultry species. That disease may have a severe impact on the profitability of poultry farming.
(2) Directive 2005/94/EC sets out measures for the control of outbreaks, in poultry and other captive birds, of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) and low pathogenic avian influenza caused by avian influenza viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes (LPAI), as defined in that Directive. Directive 2005/94/EC also provides for certain preventive measures relating to the surveillance and the early detection of avian influenza viruses.
(3) Directive 2005/94/EC provides that compulsory surveillance programmes are to be implemented by the Member States. Those surveillance programmes aim at identifying the circulation of LPAI viruses in poultry, in particular in waterfowl poultry species, before they become widespread in the poultry population, so that control measures can be taken to possibly prevent a mutation into a HPAI virus which might have devastating consequences.
(4) Directive 2005/94/EC also provides for surveillance programmes to be carried out in wild birds in order to contribute, on the basis of a regularly updated risk assessment, to the current knowledge on the threats posed by wild birds in relation to any influenza virus of avian origin in birds.
(5) Commission Decision 2007/268/EC of 13 April 2007 on the implementation of surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds to be carried out in the Member States and amending Decision 2004/450/EC(3) was adopted in order to lay down guidelines for the implementation of such surveillance programmes.
(6) Since the date of adoption of that Decision, the experience gained in the Member States in carrying out surveillance programmes and advances in scientific knowledge and research conclusions, indicate that certain poultry species and poultry production categories are at a higher risk of becoming infected with avian influenza viruses than others, also taking into account the location of the holding and other risk factors.
(7) The threat of the introduction of the HPAI virus of the H5N1 subtype from South East Asia to Europe by its westward spread during 2005 has prompted the adoption of additional measures for preparedness and early detection of that virus type in poultry and wild birds.
(8) Commission Decision 2005/731/EC of 17 October 2005 laying down additional requirements for the surveillance of avian influenza in wild birds(4) requires that Member States arrange for the notification to the competent authorities of any abnormal mortality or significant disease outbreaks occurring in wild birds and in particular wild water birds. Sampling and laboratory testing for avian influenza virus must also be carried out.
(9) It is appropriate to include the requirements laid down in Decision 2005/731/EC in the present Decision.
(10) From 2006 to 2009, more than 350 000 wild birds have been sampled and tested for avian influenza. On average, surveillance in Member States was carried out by sampling 75 % of live birds and 25 % of sick or dead birds.
(11) More than 1 000 birds found dead or sick have tested positive for HPAI of the H5N1 subtype, while only about five birds sampled as healthy live birds tested positive for that virus during that 4-year period. LPAI subtypes were almost exclusively isolated from samples taken from live birds.
(12) The conclusions drawn up in the annual reports on avian influenza surveillance(5) in the Union compiled by the EU Reference Laboratory (EURL) for avian influenza, the scientific opinions of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)(6),(7),(8) and the work of the recently established Task Force on Animal Disease Surveillance (TFADS) have highlighted that certain amendments to the current surveillance strategy in poultry and wild birds should be introduced to further foster a risk-based approach which is deemed the most suitable surveillance strategy to inform competent authorities for disease prevention and control purposes aimed at protecting poultry and other captive bird holdings.
(13) Risk-based surveillance should complement early detection systems for avian influenza infection in poultry, such as those already provided for in Article 2 of Commission Decision 2005/734/EC of 19 October 2005 laying down biosecurity measures to reduce the risk of transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza caused by Influenza virus A subtype H5N1 from birds living in the wild to poultry and other captive birds and providing for an early detection system in areas at particular risk(9) and in Chapter II(2) of the Annex to Commission Decision 2006/437/EC of 4 August 2006 approving a Diagnostic Manual for avian influenza as provided for in Council Directive 2005/94/EC(10).
(14) The guidelines for surveillance for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds laid down in Decision 2007/268/EC should therefore be reviewed in the light of experience and scientific insight gained and replaced by the guidelines laid down in this Decision.
(15) In the interests of consistency of Union legislation, sampling and laboratory testing should be carried out in accordance with the procedures laid down in Decision 2006/437/EC, unless stated otherwise.
(16) In the interests of consistency of Union legislation, when implementing surveillance programmes in wild birds, full regard should be paid to the requirements of Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds(11) in particular as regards the surveillance design and sampling procedures described in Sections 2 and 3 of Part 1 of Annex II to this Decision.
(17) Decisions 2005/731/EC and 2007/268/EC should be repealed.
(18) The measures provided for in this Decision are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:
[F1The appropriate Minister] shall take the necessary measures to ensure that the competent authorities make appropriate arrangements with wild bird observation and ringing organisations, hunting and other relevant organisations in order to ensure that those organisations are required to notify the competent authorities without delay of any abnormal mortality or significant disease outbreaks occurring in wild birds and in particular wild water birds.
Textual Amendments
F1Words in Art. 1 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(2); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
For the purposes of this Decision—
(a)“the competent authority” means the appropriate Minister for the relevant constituent part of Great Britain;
(b)“the appropriate Minister” means—
(i)in relation to England, the Secretary of State;
(iii)in relation to Scotland, the Scottish Ministers;
(iv)in relation to Wales, the Welsh Ministers.]
Textual Amendments
F2Art. 1a inserted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(3) ( as amended by S.I. 2020/1388, regs. 1(2)(a), 25(13)(a)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
1.[F3The appropriate Minister] shall ensure that immediately following receipt by the competent authority of any notification, as provided for in Article 1, and whenever no clear cause of disease other than avian influenza is identified, the competent authority shall arrange for:
(a)appropriate samples to be collected from dead birds and if possible from other birds which have been in contact with the dead birds;
(b)those samples must be subjected to laboratory tests for the detection of the avian influenza virus.
2.Sampling and testing procedures shall be carried out in accordance with Chapters II to VIII of the Diagnostic Manual for avian influenza approved by Decision 2006/437/EC.
F43.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F3Words in Art. 2(1) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(4)(a); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F4Art. 2(3) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(4)(b); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry and wild birds to be carried out by [F5the appropriate Minister], in accordance with Article 4(1) of Directive 2005/94/EC [F6(read as if it applied to the appropriate Minister rather than to Member States)], shall comply with the guidelines set out in Annexes I and II to this Decision.
Textual Amendments
F5Words in Art. 3 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(5)(a); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F6Words in Art. 3 inserted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(5)(b); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F7Art. 4 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(6); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Decisions 2005/731/EC and 2007/268/EC are repealed.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F8Art. 6 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(6); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Done at Brussels, 25 June 2010.
For the Commission
John Dalli
Member of the Commission
The objectives of the surveillance programmes for avian influenza in poultry are to inform the competent authority of circulating avian influenza virus with a view to controlling the disease in accordance with Directive 2005/94/EC by the annual detection through active surveillance for:
low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) of subtypes H5 and H7 in gallinaceous birds (namely chickens, turkeys, guinea fowl, pheasants, partridges and quails) and ratites thereby complementing other existing early detection systems;
LPAI of subtypes H5 and H7 and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in domestic waterfowl (namely ducks, geese and mallards for re-stocking supplies of game);
Sampling and serological testing in poultry holdings shall be carried out in order to detect the presence of antibodies to avian influenza, as defined in Directive 2005/94/EC.
That active surveillance complements the early detection systems already in place in [F9Great Britain] as provided for in Decision 2005/734/EC and in Chapter II of the Diagnostic Manual for avian influenza approved by Commission Decision 2006/437/EC (the Diagnostic Manual); in particular those implemented in poultry holdings that are deemed at being at a higher risk for avian influenza introduction.
Textual Amendments
F9Words in Annex 1 para. 2 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(a) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1388, regs. 1(2)(a), 25(13)(b)(i); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Two main internationally recognised methods exist for animal disease surveillance: (a) risk-based surveillance; and (b) surveillance based on representative sampling.
RBS shall be the preferred method for the carrying out of surveillance for avian influenza in a targeted and resource efficient way.
[F10The appropriate Minister] choosing that method shall specify the relevant risk pathways for infection of poultry flocks and the sampling frame for poultry holdings identified as being at a higher risk of becoming infected with avian influenza.
Textual Amendments
F10Words in Annex 1 para. 2.1 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(b)(i); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The criteria and risk factors listed in Section 4.1 are not exhaustive, but give an indication of how to target sampling and testing of poultry species and poultry production categories in different husbandry systems. Depending of the individual animal health situation F11..., they may need to be weighted differently.
Textual Amendments
F11Words in Annex 1 para. 2.1 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(b)(ii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
[F12An appropriate Minister, if not] in a position to carry out a sufficiently evidence based assessment of the risk pathways for infection of poultry flocks on its territory, F13... shall implement surveillance based on a representative sampling scheme. The number of poultry holdings to be sampled must correspond to those in Tables 1 and 2, depending on the poultry species.
Textual Amendments
F12Words in Annex 1 para. 2.2 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(c)(i); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F13Word in Annex 1 para. 2.2 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(c)(ii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Sampling for serological testing for avian influenza shall be stratified F14... so that samples can be considered as representative for the whole of [F15Great Britain].
Textual Amendments
F14Words in Annex 1 para. 2.2 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(c)(iii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F15Words in Annex 1 para. 2.2 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(c)(iv)( as amended by S.I. 2020/1388, regs. 1(2)(a), 25(13)(b)(ii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The sampling of the following poultry species and production categories shall be included in the surveillance programme:
laying hens;
free range laying hens;
chicken breeders;
turkey breeders;
duck breeders;
geese breeders;
fattening turkeys;
fattening ducks;
fattening geese;
farmed game birds (gallinaceous) focusing on adult birds such as breeding birds;
farmed game birds (waterfowl);
ratites.
However, in the following specified exceptional circumstances, the following poultry categories may also be included:
broilers, but only when: (i) they are kept in significant numbers in free range production and (ii) they are considered to pose a higher risk of infection with avian influenza;
backyard flocks: they generally play a minor role in virus circulation and spread and sampling them is resource intensive; however, in certain [F16areas] backyard flocks may pose a higher risk of avian influenza due to their presence in significant numbers, their proximity to commercial poultry holdings, involvement in local/regional trade and other criteria and risk factors as listed in Section 4.1 in particular as regards the species composition.
Textual Amendments
F16Word in Annex 1 para. 3(n) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(d); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
However, where a well reasoned justification as regards the level of risk is provided for a poultry production category (such as chicken breeders kept under high biosecurity conditions), it may also be omitted from the sampling.
The choice of RBS must be determined by an assessment F17... which shall consider at least the following criteria and risk factors:
Textual Amendments
F17Words in Annex 1 para. 4 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(e); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The location of the poultry holding in proximity to wet areas, ponds, swamps, lakes, rivers or sea shores where migratory wild water birds may gather.
The location of the poultry holding in areas with a high density of migratory wild birds, in particular of those birds that are characterised as ‘target species’ (TS) for HPAI H5N1 detection and listed in Part 2 of Annex II.
The location of poultry holding in proximity to resting and breeding places of migratory wild water birds, in particular where these areas are linked through migratory birds’ movements to areas where HPAI H5N1 is known to occur in wild birds or poultry.
Poultry holdings with free range production, or poultry holdings where poultry or other captive birds are kept in the open-air in any premises in which contact with wild birds cannot be sufficiently prevented.
Low biosecurity level in the poultry holding, including the method of storage of feed and the use of surface water.
The presence of more than one poultry species in the same poultry holding, in particular the presence of domestic ducks and geese together with other poultry species.
The type of poultry production and the poultry species on the holding for which surveillance data have shown an increased detection rate of avian influenza infection F18..., such as duck holdings and poultry intended for re-stocking supplies of game (in particular farmed mallards).
The location of the poultry holding in areas with high densities of poultry holdings.
Trade patterns, including imports and related intensity of movements, both direct and indirect, of poultry and other factors including vehicles, equipment and persons.
The presence of long lived poultry categories and multi-age groups of poultry on the holding (such as layers).
Textual Amendments
F18Words in Annex 1 para. 4.1.2(b) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(f); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The level of targeting must reflect the number and local weighting of risk factors present on the poultry holding.
The competent authority may consider other risk factors in its assessment in designing its surveillance design which must be duly indicated and justified in their surveillance programme.
Tables 1 and 2 may be used as a basis in order to determine the number of poultry holdings to be sampled per risk population.
Where representative sampling as referred to in Section 2.2 is carried out, the number of poultry holdings to be sampled shall be calculated based on the figures set out in Tables 1 and 2 according to the poultry species present on the poultry holding.
For each poultry production category, except those of ducks, geese and mallards, the number of poultry holdings to be sampled shall be defined so as to ensure the identification of at least one infected poultry holding where the prevalence of infected poultry holdings is at least 5 %, with a 95 % confidence interval.
Sampling shall be carried out according to Table 1:
Number of poultry holdings (except duck, goose and mallard holdings) to be sampled in each poultry production category
Number of holdings per poultry production category F19... | Number of poultry holdings to be sampled |
---|---|
Up to 34 | All |
35-50 | 35 |
51-80 | 42 |
81-250 | 53 |
> 250 | 60 |
Textual Amendments
F19Words in Annex 1 para. 5.1.1 Table 1 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(g); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The number of duck, goose and mallard holdings to be sampled shall be defined to ensure the identification of at least one infected poultry holding where the prevalence of infected poultry holdings is at least 5 %, with a 99 % confidence interval.
Sampling shall be carried out according to Table 2:
Number of duck, goose and mallard holdings to be sampled
Number of duck, goose and mallard holdings F20... | Number of duck, goose and mallard holdings to be sampled |
---|---|
Up to 46 | All |
47-60 | 47 |
61-100 | 59 |
101-350 | 80 |
> 350 | 90 |
Textual Amendments
F20Words in Annex 1 para. 5.1.2 Table 2 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(g); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
The figures referred to in points 5.2.1 and 5.2.2 apply both to poultry holdings sampled on the basis of risk-based surveillance and on the basis of representative sampling.
The numbers of birds to be sampled in the poultry holding shall be defined so as to ensure 95 % probability of identifying at least one bird that tests sero-positive for avian influenza, if the prevalence of sero-positive birds is ≥ 30 %.
Blood samples for serological examination shall be collected from all poultry production categories and poultry species from at least 5 to 10 birds (except ducks, geese and mallards) per poultry holding, and from the different sheds, where more than one shed is present on a holding.
In case of several sheds, samples shall be taken from at least five birds per shed.
The numbers of ducks, geese and mallards to be sampled in the poultry holding shall be defined so as to ensure 95 % probability of identifying at least one bird that tests sero-positive for avian influenza where the prevalence of sero-positive birds is ≥ 30 %.
Twenty blood samples(13) shall be taken for serological testing from each selected poultry holding.
The time period for sampling in the poultry holding shall coincide with seasonal production for each poultry production category and sampling may also be performed at the slaughterhouse. This sampling practice must not compromise the risk targeted approach according to the criteria and risk factors listed in Section 4.1.
In order to optimise efficiency and also to avoid the unnecessary entry of persons onto poultry holdings, sampling shall, whenever possible, be combined with sampling for other purposes, such as within the framework of Salmonella and Mycoplasma control. However, such combining must not compromise the requirements for risk based surveillance.
Sampling for virological testing for avian influenza shall not be used as an alternative to serological testing and must be performed solely within the framework of investigations to follow-up serological positive testing results for avian influenza.
The sampling of poultry holdings shall be carried out annually. However, on the basis of a risk assessment, [F21the appropriate Minister] may decide to carry out sampling and testing more frequently. The justification for doing so must be detailed in the surveillance programme.
Textual Amendments
F21Words in Annex 1 para. 8 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(h); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with the approved surveillance programme from 1 January to 31 December of the year of implementation of that programme.
The testing of samples shall be carried out at [F22the national reference laboratory for avian influenza or by other laboratories authorised by the Secretary of State (“the NRL”) with the consent of the other appropriate Ministers].
Textual Amendments
F22Words in Annex 1 para. 9 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(i)(i); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Laboratory tests shall be carried out in accordance with the Diagnostic Manual which lays down the procedures for the confirmation and differential diagnosis of avian influenza.
F23...
Textual Amendments
F23Words in Annex 1 para. 9 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(i)(ii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
All positive serological findings shall be confirmed by the NRL by a haemagglutination-inhibition test, using designated strains F24...:
Textual Amendments
F24Words in Annex 1 para. 9 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(i)(iii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
for H5 subtype:
initial testing using teal/England/7894/06 (H5N3);
testing of all positives with chicken/Scotland/59(H5N1) to eliminate N3 cross reactive antibodies;
for H7 subtype:
initial testing using turkey/England/647/77 (H7N7);
testing of all positive with African starling/983/79 (H7N1) to eliminate N7 cross reactive antibodies.
All positive serological findings must be followed up at the poultry holding by epidemiological investigations and further sampling for testing by virological methods in order to determine, if active infection of avian influenza virus is present on the poultry holding. F25...
Textual Amendments
F25Words in Annex 1 para. 9 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(i)(iv); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F26...
Textual Amendments
F26Words in Annex 1 para. 9 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(7)(i)(v); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F26...
The objective of the surveillance programme for avian influenza in wild birds is the timely detection of HPAI of the subtype H5N1 in wild birds in order to protect poultry in poultry holdings and safeguard veterinary public health.
Textual Amendments
F27Words in Annex 2 Pt. 1 para. 2(e) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(8)(a); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Textual Amendments
F28Word in Annex 2 Pt. 1 para. 3(c) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(8)(b)(i); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F29Word in Annex 2 Pt. 1, para. 3(c) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(8)(b)(ii); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Laboratory tests shall be carried out in accordance with the Diagnostic Manual.
The testing of samples shall be carried out at the NRL F30... or by other laboratories authorised by the competent authorities and under the control of the NRL.
Textual Amendments
F30Words in Annex 2 Pt. 1 para. 4 omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(8)(c)(i); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
However, if a [F31the appropriate Minister] wishes to use laboratory tests not laid down in the Diagnostic Manual nor described in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals of the OIE, those tests must first be deemed fit for purpose by the [F32NRL], based on validated data, before being used.
Textual Amendments
F31Words in Annex 2 Pt. 1 para. 4 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(8)(c)(ii)(aa); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
F32Word in Annex 2 Pt. 1 para. 4 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Exotic Disease (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1410), regs. 1, 16(8)(c)(ii)(bb); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
Initial screening using M gene PCR shall be carried out, followed by rapid testing of positive findings for H5 which shall be carried out within a period of not more than 2 weeks. In case of a positive finding for H5, an analysis of the cleavage site shall be undertaken as soon as possible to determine whether or not it has a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) or a low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) motif. Where H5 HPAI is confirmed, further analysis to determine the N type must be done rapidly, even though this can only provide evidence to eliminate N1.
In case of confirmed positive cases of HPAI H5 (N1)(14), the control measures laid down in Commission Decision 2006/563/EC of 11 August 2006 concerning certain protection measures in relation to highly pathogenic avian influenza of subtype H5N1 in wild birds in the Community and repealing Decision 2006/115/EC(15) shall apply.
As part of epidemiological investigations, it is important to identify areas linked to those cases to possibly forecast further virus incursions of avian influenza, in particular in areas of relevance to poultry production, such as areas with a high density of poultry holdings.
No | Scientific name | Common name |
---|---|---|
1. | Accipiter gentilis | Northern Goshawk |
2. | Accipiter nisus | Eurasian Sparrowhawk |
3. | Anas acuta | Northern Pintail |
4. | Anas clypeata | Northern Shoveler |
5. | Anas crecca | Common Teal |
6. | Anas penelope | Eurasian Wigeon |
7. | Anas platyrhynchos | Mallard |
8. | Anas querquedula | Garganey |
9. | Anas strepera | Gadwall |
10. | Anser albifrons albifrons | Greater White-fronted Goose (European race) |
11. | Anser anser | Greylag Goose |
12. | Anser brachyrhynchus | Pink-footed Goose |
13. | Anser erythropus | Lesser White-fronted Goose |
14. | Anser fabalis | Bean Goose |
15. | Ardea cinerea | Grey Heron |
16. | Aythya ferina | Common Pochard |
17. | Aythya fuligula | Tufted Duck |
18. | Branta bernicla | Brent Goose |
19. | Branta canadensis | Canada Goose |
20. | Branta leucopsis | Barnacle Goose |
21. | Branta ruficollis | Red-breasted Goose |
22. | Bubo bubo | Eurasian Eagle-Owl |
23. | Buteo buteo | Common Buzzard |
24. | Buteo lagopus | Rough-legged Buzzard |
25. | Cairina moschata | Muscovy Duck |
26. | Ciconia ciconia | White Stork |
27. | Circus aeruginosus | Eurasian Marsh Harrier |
28. | Cygnus columbianus | Bewick’s Swan |
29. | Cygnus cygnus | Whooper swan |
30. | Cygnus olor | Mute Swan |
31. | Falco peregrinus | Peregrine Falcon |
32. | Falco tinnunculus | Common Kestrel |
33. | Fulica atra | Eurasian Coot |
34. | Larus canus | Common Gull |
35. | Larus ridibundus | Black-headed Gull |
36. | Limosa limosa | Black-tailed Godwit |
37. | Marmaronetta angustirostris | Marbled Teal |
38. | Mergus albellus | Smew |
39. | Milvus migrans | Black Kite |
40. | Milvus milvus | Red Kite |
41. | Netta rufina | Red-crested Pochard |
42. | Phalacrocorax carbo | Great Cormorant |
43. | Philomachus pugnax | Ruff |
44. | Pica pica | Eurasian Magpie |
45. | Pluvialis apricaria | Eurasian Golden Plover |
46. | Podiceps cristatus | Great Crested Grebe |
47. | Podiceps nigricollis | Black-necked Grebe |
48. | Porphyrio porphyrio | Purple Swamphen |
49. | Tachybaptus ruficollis | Little Grebe |
50. | Vanellus vanellus | Northern Lapwing |
European Commission website: http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/eu_resp_surveillance_en.htm
The EFSA Journal (2005) 266, 1-21; Scientific Opinion on Animal health and welfare aspects of Avian Influenza.
The EFSA Journal (2008) 715, 1-161, Scientific Opinion on Animal health and welfare aspects of avian influenza and the risks of its introduction into the EU poultry holdings.
The EFSA Journal (2006) 357, 1-46, Opinion on Migratory birds and their possible role in the spread of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza.
A higher level of confidence in detection of duck and goose positive holdings is applied due to the evidence that infected duck and goose holdings are less likely than gallinaceous poultry to be detected by passive surveillance or early detection systems.
The increase in sample size compared to 5.2.1 is necessary due to the lower sensitivity of the diagnostic test when used in waterfowl.
Disease control measures are to be implemented based on confirmation of HPAI H5 and suspicion of N1.
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