Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/160Show full title

ANNEX U.K.

1. Testing methodology — Introduction U.K.

In order to determine the CO₂ emission reductions that can be attributed to the efficient exterior lighting system including all, or an appropriate combination of low-beam headlamps, high-beam headlamps, front position, front fog, rear fog, front turn signal, rear turn signal, licence plate and reversing lamps fitted with light emitting diodes (LED) in an M₁ vehicle, it is necessary to establish the following:

(a)

the testing conditions;

(b)

the test procedure;

(c)

the formulae for calculating the CO₂ savings;

(d)

the formulae for calculating the standard deviation;

(e)

the determination of the CO₂ savings for the certification by type approval authorities.

2. Testing conditions U.K.

The requirements of Regulation UN/ECE No 112(1) on uniform provisions concerning the approval of motor vehicle headlamps emitting an asymmetrical passing beam or a driving beam or both and equipped with filament lamps and/or light-emitting diode (LED) modules shall apply. For determining the power consumption, the reference is to be made to point 6.1.4 of Regulation No 112, and points 3.2.1 and 3.2.2 of Annex 10 to Regulation No 112.

3. The testing procedure U.K.

Measurements are to be performed as shown in the figure. The following equipment is to be used:

• a power supply unit (i.e. variable voltage supplier),

• two digital multi-meters, one for measuring the DC current, and the other for measuring the DC voltage. In the figure the test set-up shows the possible case of the DC voltage meter integrated in the power supply unit.

Test set-up U.K.

In total, five measurements on the current should be done at 13,2 V for each type of lighting used in the vehicle (i.e. low-beam headlamp, high-beam headlamp, front position, front fog, rear fog, front turn signal, rear turn signal, licence plate and reversing lamps). LED module(s) operated by an electronic light source control gear, shall be measured as specified by the applicant.

As an alternative, other measurements on the current can be done at other additional voltages. The manufacturer must hand over verified documentation on the necessity to perform these other measurements to the type-approval authority. In total, five measurements on the current are to be done at each of these additional voltages.

The exact installed voltages and the measured current are to be recorded in four decimals.

4. Formulae U.K.

The following steps are to be taken to determine the CO₂ savings and to determine whether the threshold value of 1 gCO₂/km is met:

• Step 1: Calculation of the power savings

• Step 2: Calculation of the CO₂ savings

• Step 3: Calculation of the error in the CO₂ savings

• Step 4: Verification of the threshold value.

4.1 Calculation of the power savings U.K.

For each of the five measurements the power which is used is to be calculated by multiplying the installed voltage with the measured current. When a stepper motor or electronic controller is used for the supply of the electricity to the LED lamps, then the electric load of this component part is to be excluded from the measurement. This will result in five values. Each value must be expressed in four decimals. Then the mean value of the used power will be calculated, which is the sum of the five values for the power divided by five.

The resulting power savings are to be calculated with the following formula:

Formula (1):

ΔP = P_baseline – P_{eco-innovation}

Where:

ΔP

Power savings [W];

P_baseline

Power of the baseline, specified in Table 1 [W];

P_{eco-innovation}

Mean value of the used power of the eco-innovation [W].

Table 1

Power requirements for different baseline types of lighting

Type of lighting	Total electric power [W]
Low-beam headlamp	137
High-beam headlamp	150
Front position	12
Licence plate	12
Front fog lamp	124
Rear fog lamp	26
Front turn signal lamp	13
Rear turn signal lamp	13
Reversing lamp	52

4.2 Calculation of the CO₂ savings U.K.

The total CO₂ savings of the innovative technology (efficient exterior lighting system) are to be calculated by formulae (2), (3) and (4).

For a petrol-fuelled vehicle:

Formula(2):

For a diesel-fuelled vehicle:

Formula(3)

For a petrol-fuelled vehicle with turbo charger:

Formula(4)

These formulae present the total CO₂ savings of the innovative technology (efficient exterior lighting system) in gCO₂/km.

The input data for the formulae (2), (3) and (4) are:

ΔP_j

Saved electrical power in W of the type of lighting j, which is the result of step 1

UF_j

Usage factor of the type of lighting j, specified in Table 2

m

Number of types of lighting in the innovative technology package

v

Mean driving speed of the NEDC, which is 33,58 km/h

V_{Pe – P}

Consumption of effective power for petrol-fuelled vehicles, which is 0,264 l/kWh

V_{Pe – D}

Consumption of effective power for diesel-fuelled vehicles, which is 0,22 l/kWh

V_{Pe – PT}

Consumption of effective power for petrol-fuelled vehicles with turbo charger, which is 0,28 l/kWh

η_A

Efficiency of the alternator, which is 0,67

CF_P

Conversion factor for petrol fuel, which is 2 330 gCO₂/l

CF_D

Conversion factor for diesel fuel, which is 2 640 gCO₂/l

Table 2

Usage factor for different types of lighting

Type of lighting	Usage factor UF
Low-beam headlamp	0,33
High-beam headlamp	0,03
Front position	0,36
Licence plate	0,36
Front fog lamp	0,01
Rear fog lamp	0,01
Front turn signal lamp	0,15
Rear turn signal lamp	0,15
Reversing lamp	0,01

4.3 Calculation of the statistical error in the CO₂ savings U.K.

The statistical error in the CO₂ savings is to be determined in two steps. In the first step the error value of the power is to be determined as a standard deviation being equivalent to a confidence interval of 68 % around the mean.

This is to be done by formula (5).

Formula (5):

Where:

Standard deviation of the sample mean [W]

x_i

Sample data [W]

Mean of the sample data [W]

n

Number of observations of the sample, which is five.

In order to calculate the error in the CO₂ savings for petrol, petrol turbo and diesel-fuelled vehicles, the propagation law, expressed in formula (6), is to be applied.

Formula (6):

Where:

Standard deviation of the total CO₂ saving [gCO₂/km]

Sensitivity of calculated CO₂ saving related to P_j

Standard deviation of [W]

m

Number of types of lighting in the innovative technology package

Substituting formula (2) in formula (6) results in formula (7) for calculating the error in CO₂ savings for petrol-fuelled vehicles.

Formula (7)

Substituting formula (3) in formula (6) results in formula (8) for calculating the error in CO₂ savings for diesel-fuelled vehicles.

Formula(8):

Substituting formula (4) in formula (6) results in formula (9) for calculating the error in CO₂ savings for petrol-fuelled vehicles with turbo charger.

Formula (9):

4.4 Verification of the threshold value U.K.

In order to demonstrate that the 1,0 gCO₂/km threshold is exceeded with statistical relevance, the following formula (10) should be used.

Formula 10:

Where:

MT

Minimum threshold [gCO₂/km],

Total CO₂ saving [gCO₂/km], which must be expressed in four decimals,

Standard deviation of the total CO₂ saving [gCO₂/km], which must be expressed in four decimals.

Where the total CO₂ emission savings of the innovative technology (efficient exterior lighting system), as a result of the calculation using formula (10), are below the threshold specified in Article 9(1) of Implementing Regulation (EU) No 725/2011, the second subparagraph of Article 11(2) of that Regulation shall apply.

(1)

E/ECE/324/Rev.2/Add.111/Rev.3 — E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2/Add.111/Rev.3, 9 January 2013.