Council Directive of 28 June 1977 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to safety belts and restraint systems of motor vehicles (77/541/EEC) (repealed)

[F1ANNEX VIII U.K. DESCRIPTION OF MANIKIN

Textual Amendments

1. SPECIFICATIONS OF THE MANIKIN
1.1.

General

The main characteristics of the manikin are indicated in the following figures and tables:

Figure 1

:

side view of head, neck and torso;

Figure 2

:

front view of head, neck and torso;

Figure 3

:

side view of hip, thighs and lower leg;

Figure 4

:

front view of hip, thighs and lower leg;

Figure 5

:

principal dimensions;

Figure 6

:

manikin in sitting position, showing:

  • location of the centre of gravity,

  • location of points at which displacement shall be measured,

  • shoulder height;

table 1

:

mass of head, neck, torso, thigh and lower leg

table 2

:

references, names, materials and principal dimensions of the components of the manikin.

1.2. Description of the manikin
1.2.1.

Lower leg structure (see Figures 3 and 4)

The lower leg structure consists of three components:

  • a sole plate (30),

  • a shin tube (29),

  • a knee tube (26).

The knee tube has two lugs which limit the movement of the lower leg in relation to the thigh.

The lower leg can rotate rearwards about 120 o from the straight position.

1.2.2.

Thigh structure (see Figures 3 and 4)

The thigh structure consists of three components:

  • a knee tube (22),

  • a thigh bar (21),

  • a hip tube (20).

Movement of the knee is limited by two cut-outs in the knee tube (22) which engage with the lugs of the leg.

1.2.3.

Torso structure (see Figures 1 and 2)

The torso structure consists of the following components:

  • a hip tube (2),

  • a roller chain (4),

  • ribs (6) and (7),

  • a sternum (8),

  • chain attachments (3 and, partly, 7 and 8).

1.2.4.

Neck (see Figures 1 and 2)

The neck consists of seven polyurethane discs (9). The degree of stiffness of the neck can be adjusted by means of a chain tensioner.

1.2.5.

Head (see Figures 1 and 2)

The head (15) is hollow; the polyurethane is reinforced by steel bands (17). The chain tensioner which enables the neck to be adjusted consists of a poiyamide block (10), a tubular spacer (11) and a tensioning component (12 and 13). The head can rotate at the joint berween the first and second cervical vertebrae (the atlas-axis joint), which consists of an adjuster assembly (14 and 18), a spacer (16) and a polyamide block (10).

1.2.6.

Knee joint (see Figure 4)

The lower leg and thighs are connected by a tube (27) and a tensioner (28).

1.2.7.

Hip joint (see Figure 4)

The thighs and torso are connected by a tube (23), friction plates (24) and a tensioner (25).

1.2.8.

Polyurethane

Type: PU 123 CH compound
Hardness: 50 to 60 shore A
1.2.9.

Overall

The manikin is covered by a special overall.

2.

CORRECTION OF THE MASS

In order to calibrate the manikin to certain values and its total mass, the mass distribution must be adjusted by means of six correction weights of 1 kg each which can be fitted to the hip joint. Six other polyurethane weights of 1 kg each can be fitted to the back of the torso.

3.

CUSHION

A cushion shall be positioned between the chest of the manikin and the overall. This cushion must be made of polyethylene foam complying with the following specification:

  • hardness: 7 to 10 shore A

  • thickness: 25 ± 5 mm.

It shall be replaceable.

4. ADJUSTMENT OF THE JOINTS
4.1.

General

In order to achieve reproducible results, it is necessary to specify and control the friction at each joint.

4.2.

Knee joint:

tighten the knee joint;

set the thigh and lower leg vertical;

rotate the lower leg through 30 o ;

gradually slacken the tensioner until the lower leg starts to fall under its own weight;

lock the tensioner in this position.

4.3.

Hip joints:

increase the rigidity of the hip ioints for the purposes of adjustment;

place the thighs in a horizontal position and the torso in a vertical position;

rotate the torso forwards until it forms an angle of 60 o with the thighs;

gradually slacken the tensioner until the torso starts to fall under its own weight;

lock the tensioner in this position.

4.4.

Atlas-axis joint:

adjust the atlas-axis joint so that it just resists its own weight in the fore and aft directions.

4.5.

Neck:

the neck can be adjusted by means of the chain tensioner (13);

when the neck is adjusted, the upper end of the tensioner shall be displaced between 40 and 60 mm when subjected to a horizontal load of 10 daN.

TABLE 1

Components of manikin Mass in kilograms
Head and neck 4,6 ±  0,3
Torso and arms 40,3 ±  1,0
Thighs 16,2 ±  0,5
Lower leg and foot 9,0 ±  0,5
Total mass including correction weights 75,5 ±  1,0

TABLE 2

Reference No Name Material Dimensions
1 Body polyurethane -
2 Hip tube steel 76 × 70 × 100 mm
3 Chain attachments steel 25 × 10 × 70 mm
4 Roller chain steel ¾ mm
5 Shoulder plane polyurethane -
6 Ribs (rolled section) steel 30 × 30 × 3 × 250 mm
7 Ribs perforated steelplate 400 × 85 ×  1,5 mm
8 Sternum perforated steelplate 250 × 90 ×  1,5 mm
9 Discs (6) polyurethane

∅ 90 × 20 mm, ∅ 80 × 20 mm

∅ 75 × 20 mm; ∅ 70 × 20 mm

∅ 65 × 20 mm, ∅ 60 × 20 mm

10 Block polyamide 60 × 60 × 25 mm
11 Tubular spacer steel 40 × 40 × 2 × 50 mm
12 Tensioning bolt steel M16 × 90 mm
13 Tensioner nut steel M16
14 Tensioner for atlas-axis joint steel ∅ 12 × 130 mm (M12)
15 Head polyurethane -
16 Tubular spacer steel ∅ 18 × 13 × 17 mm
17 Reinforcement plate steel 30 × 3 × 500 mm
18 Tensioner nut steel M12
19 Thighs polyurethane -
20 Hip tube steel 76 × 70 × 80 mm
21 Thigh bar steel 30 × 30 × 440 mm
22 Knee tube steel 52 × 46 × 40 mm
23 Hip connecting tube steel 70 × 64 × 250 mm
24 Friction plates (4) steel 160 × 75 × 1 mm
25 Tensioner assembly steel M12 × 320 mm plates and nuts
26 Knee tube steel 52 × 46 × 160 mm
27 Knee connecting tube steel 44 × 39 × 190 mm
28 Tensioner plate steel ∅ 70 × 4 mm
29 Shin tube steel 50 × 50 × 2 × 460 mm
30 Sole plate steel 100 × 170 × 3 mm
31 Torso correction weights (6) polyurethane 1 kg each
32 Cushion polyurethane foam 350 × 250 × 25 mm
33 Overall cotton and polyamide straps
34 Hip joint correction weights (6) steel mass 1 kg each

Manikin seated in position shown in Annex VII, Figure 1.

G

=

centre of gravity,

T

=

torso measurement point (located at the front on the centre line of the manikin),

P

=

pelvis measurement point (located at the back on the centre line of the manikin).]