- Latest available (Revised)
- Original (As adopted by EU)
Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption
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Parameter | Parametric value(number/100 ml) |
---|---|
Escherichia coli (E. coli) | 0 |
Enterococci | 0 |
The following applies to water offered for sale in bottles or containers:
Parameter | Parametric value |
---|---|
Escherichia coli (E. coli) | 0/250 ml |
Enterococci | 0/250 ml |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 0/250 ml |
Colony count 22 °C | 100/ml |
Colony count 37 °C | 20/ml |
Parameter | Parametric value | Unit | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Acrylamide | 0,1 | μg/l | Note 1 |
Antimony | 5,0 | μg/l | |
Arsenic | 10 | μg/l | |
Benzene | 1,0 | μg/l | |
Benzo(a)pyrene | 0,01 | μg/l | |
Boron | 1,0 | mg/l | |
Bromate | 10 | μg/l | Note 2 |
Cadmium | 5,0 | μg/l | |
Chromium | 50 | μg/l | |
Copper | 2,0 | mg/l | Note 3 |
Cyanide | 50 | μg/l | |
1,2-dichloroethane | 3,0 | μg/l | |
Epichlorohydrin | 0,1 | μg/l | Note 1 |
Fluoride | 1,5 | mg/l | |
Lead | 10 | μg/l | Notes 3 and 4 |
Mercury | 1,0 | μg/l | |
Nickel | 20 | μg/l | Note 3 |
Nitrate | 50 | mg/l | Note 5 |
Nitrite | 0,5 | mg/l | Note 5 |
Pesticides | 0,1 | μg/l | Notes 6 and 7 |
Pesticides — Total | 0,5 | μg/l | Notes 6 and 8 |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | 0,1 | μg/l | Sum of concentrations of specified compounds; Note 9 |
Selenium | 10 | μg/l | |
Tetrachloroethene and Trichloroethene | 10 | μg/l | Sum of concentrations of specified parameters |
Trihalomethanes — Total | 100 | μg/l | Sum of concentrations of specified compounds; Note 10 |
Vinyl chloride | 0,5 | μg/l | Note 1 |
The parametric value refers to the residual monomer concentration in the water as calculated according to specifications of the maximum release from the corresponding polymer in contact with the water.U.K.
Where possible, without compromising disinfection, Member States should strive for a lower value.U.K.
For the water referred to in Article 6(1)(a), (b) and (d), the value must be met, at the latest, 10 calendar years after the entry into force of the Directive. The parametric value for bromate from five years after the entry into force of this Directive until 10 years after its entry into force is 25 μg/l.
The value applies to a sample of water intended for human consumption obtained by an adequate sampling method(1) at the tap and taken so as to be representative of a weekly average value ingested by consumers. Where appropriate the sampling and monitoring methods must be applied in a harmonised fashion to be drawn up in accordance with Article 7(4). Member States must take account of the occurrence of peak levels that may cause adverse effects on human health.U.K.
For water referred to in Article 6(1)(a), (b) and (d), the value must be met, at the latest, 15 calendar years after the entry into force of this Directive. The parametric value for lead from five years after the entry into force of this Directive until 15 years after its entry into force is 25 μg/l.U.K.
Member States must ensure that all appropriate measures are taken to reduce the concentration of lead in water intended for human consumption as much as possible during the period needed to achieve compliance with the parametric value.
When implementing the measures to achieve compliance with that value Member States must progressively give priority where lead concentrations in water intended for human consumption are highest.
Member States must ensure that the condition that [nitrate]/50 + [nitrite]/3 ≤ 1, the square brackets signifying the concentrations in mg/l for nitrate (NO3) and nitrite (NO2), is complied with and that the value of 0,10 mg/l for nitrites is complied with ex water treatment works.U.K.
‘Pesticides’ means:U.K.
organic insecticides,
organic herbicides,
organic fungicides,
organic nematocides,
organic acaricides,
organic algicides,
organic rodenticides
organic slimicides,
related products (inter alia, growth regulators)
and their relevant metabolites, degradation and reaction products.
Only those pesticides which are likely to be present in a given supply need be monitored.
The parametric value applies to each individual pesticide. In the case of aldrin, dieldrin, heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide the parametric value is 0,030 μg/l.U.K.
‘Pesticides — Total’ means the sum of all individual pesticides detected and quantified in the monitoring procedure.U.K.
The specified compounds are:U.K.
benzo(b)fluoranthene,
benzo(k)fluoranthene,
benzo(ghi)perylene,
indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.
Where possible, without compromising disinfection, Member States should strive for a lower value.U.K.
The specified compounds are: chloroform, bromoform, dibromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane.
For the water referred to in Article 6(1)(a), (b) and (d), the value must be met, at the latest, 10 calendar years after the entry into force of this Directive. The parametric value for total THMs from five years after the entry into force of this Directive until 10 years after its entry into force is 150 μg/l.
Member States must ensure that all appropriate measures are taken to reduce the concentration of THMs in water intended for human consumption as much as possible during the period needed to achieve compliance with the parametric value.
When implementing the measures to achieve this value, Member States must progressively give priority to those areas where THM concentrations in water intended for human consumption are highest.
Parameter | Parametric value | Unit | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Aluminium | 200 | μg/l | |
Ammonium | 0,50 | mg/l | |
Chloride | 250 | mg/l | Note 1 |
Clostridium perfringens (including spores) | 0 | number/100 ml | Note 2 |
Colour | Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change | ||
Conductivity | 2 500 | μS cm-1 at 20 °C | Note 1 |
Hydrogen ion concentration | ≥ 6,5 and ≤ 9,5 | pH units | Notes 1 and 3 |
Iron | 200 | μg/l | |
Manganese | 50 | μg/l | |
Odour | Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change | ||
Oxidisability | 5,0 | mg/l O2 | Note 4 |
Sulphate | 250 | mg/l | Note 1 |
Sodium | 200 | mg/l | |
Taste | Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change | ||
Colony count 22o | No abnormal change | ||
Coliform bacteria | 0 | number/100 ml | Note 5 |
Total organic carbon (TOC) | No abnormal change | Note 6 | |
Turbidity | Acceptable to consumers and no abnormal change | Note 7 |
RADIOACTIVITY | |||
Parameter | Parametric value | Unit | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Tritium | 100 | Bq/l | Notes 8 and 10 |
Total indicative dose | 0,10 | mSv/year | Notes 9 and 10 |
The water should not be aggressive.U.K.
This parameter need not be measured unless the water originates from or is influenced by surface water. In the event of non-compliance with this parametric value, the Member State concerned must investigate the supply to ensure that there is no potential danger to human health arising from the presence of pathogenic micro-organisms, e.g. cryptosporidium. Member States must include the results of all such investigations in the reports they must submit under Article 13(2).U.K.
For still water put into bottles or containers, the minimum value may be reduced to 4,5 pH units.U.K.
For water put into bottles or containers which is naturally rich in or artificially enriched with carbon dioxide, the minimum value may be lower.
This parameter need not be measured if the parameter TOC is analysed.U.K.
For water put into bottles or containers the unit is number/250 ml.U.K.
This parameter need not be measured for supplies of less than 10 000 m3 a day.U.K.
In the case of surface water treatment, Member States should strive for a parametric value not exceeding 1,0 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units) in the water ex treatment works.U.K.
Monitoring frequencies to be set later in Annex II.U.K.
Excluding tritium, potassium -40, radon and radon decay products; monitoring frequencies, monitoring methods and the most relevant locations for monitoring points to be set later in Annex II.U.K.
[F1The Commission shall adopt the measures required under Note 8 on monitoring frequencies, and Note 9 on monitoring frequencies, monitoring methods and the most relevant locations for monitoring points in Annex II. Those measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 12(3).
When elaborating those measures the Commission shall take into account, inter alia, the relevant provisions under existing legislation or appropriate monitoring programmes including monitoring results as derived from them.]
A Member State is not required to monitor drinking water for tritium or radioactivity to establish total indicative dose where it is satisfied that, on the basis of other monitoring carried out, [X1the levels of tritium or the calculated total indicative dose] are well below the parametric value. In that case, it shall communicate the grounds for its decision to the Commission, including the results of this other monitoring carried out.
Textual Amendments
verify that the measures in place to control risks to human health throughout the water supply chain from the catchment area through abstraction, treatment and storage to distribution are working effectively and that water at the point of compliance is wholesome and clean;
provide information on the quality of the water supplied for human consumption to demonstrate that the obligations set out in Articles 4 and 5, and the parametric values laid down in Annex I, are being met;
identify the most appropriate means of mitigating the risk to human health.
collection and analysis of discrete water samples; or
measurements recorded by a continuous monitoring process.
In addition, monitoring programmes may consist of:
inspections of records of the functionality and maintenance status of equipment; and/or
inspections of the catchment area, water abstraction, treatment, storage and distribution infrastructure.
A monitoring programme must take into account the parameters referred to in Article 5, including those that are important for assessing the impact of domestic distribution systems on the quality of water at the point of compliance, as set out in Article 6(1). When choosing appropriate parameters for monitoring, local conditions for each water supply system must be taken into consideration.
Member States shall ensure that the parameters listed in point 2 are monitored at the relevant sampling frequencies as set out in point 3.
The following parameters (Group A) shall be monitored in accordance with the monitoring frequencies set out in Table 1 of point 3:
Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), coliform bacteria, colony count 22 °C, colour, turbidity, taste, odour, pH, conductivity;
other parameters identified as relevant in the monitoring programme, in accordance with Article 5(3) and, where relevant, through a risk assessment as set out in Part C.
Under specific circumstances, the following parameters shall be added to the Group A Parameters:
ammonium and nitrite, if chloramination is used;
aluminium and iron, if used as water treatment chemicals.
In order to determine compliance with all parametric values set out in this Directive, all other parameters not analysed under Group A and set in accordance with Article 5 shall be monitored at least at the frequencies set out in Table 1 of point 3.
Minimum frequency of sampling and analysis for compliance monitoring
Volume of water distributed or produced each day within a supply zone (See Notes 1 and 2) m 3 | Group A parameter number of samples per year (See Note 3) | Group B parameter number of samples per year | |
---|---|---|---|
≤ 100 | > 0 (See Note 4) | > 0 (See Note 4) | |
> 100 | ≤ 1 000 | 4 | 1 |
> 1 000 | ≤ 10 000 | 4 + 3 for each 1 000 m 3 /d and part thereof of the total volume | 1 + 1 for each 4 500 m 3 /d and part thereof of the total volume |
> 10 000 | ≤ 100 000 | 3 + 1 for each 10 000 m 3 /d and part thereof of the total volume | |
> 100 000 | 12 + 1 for each 25 000 m 3 /d and part thereof of the total volume |
the list of parameters or frequencies set out in this Annex is not sufficient to fulfil the obligations imposed under Article 7(1);
additional monitoring is required for the purposes of Article 7(6);
it is necessary to provide the necessary assurances set out in point (1)(a) of Part A.
the frequency of sampling for E. coli must not be reduced below the one laid down in point 3 of Part B under any circumstances;
for all other parameters:
the location and frequency of sampling shall be determined in relation to the parameter's origin, as well as the variability and long-term trend of its concentration, taking into account Article 6;
to reduce the minimum sampling frequency of a parameter, as set out in point 3 of Part B, the results obtained from samples collected at regular intervals over a period of at least 3 years from sampling points representative of the whole supply zone must all be less than 60 % of the parametric value;
to remove a parameter from the list of parameters to be monitored, as set out in point 2 of Part B, the results obtained from samples collected at regular intervals over a period of at least 3 years from points representative of the whole supply zone must all be less than 30 % of the parametric value;
the removal of a particular parameter set out in point 2 of Part B from the list of parameters to be monitored shall be based on the result of the risk assessment, informed by the results of monitoring of sources of water intended for human consumption and confirming that human health is protected from the adverse effects of any contamination of water intended for human consumption, as laid down in Article 1;
the sampling frequency may be reduced or a parameter removed from the list of parameters to be monitored as set out in points (ii) and (iii) only if the risk assessment confirms that no factor that can be reasonably anticipated is likely to cause deterioration of the quality of the water intended for human consumption.
risk assessments are approved by their relevant competent authority; and
information is available showing that a risk assessment has been carried out, together with a summary of its results.
compliance samples for certain chemical parameters (in particular copper, lead and nickel) shall be taken at the consumer's tap without prior flushing. A random daytime sample of one litre volume is to be taken. As an alternative, Member States may use fixed stagnation time methods that better reflect their national situation, provided that, at the supply zone level, this does not result in fewer cases of non-compliance than using the random daytime method;
compliance samples for microbiological parameters at the point of compliance shall be taken and handled according to EN ISO 19458, sampling purpose B.
[F2Member States shall ensure that the methods of analysis used for the purposes of monitoring and demonstrating compliance with this Directive are validated and documented in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025 or other equivalent standards accepted at international level. Member States shall ensure that laboratories or parties contracted by laboratories apply quality management system practices in accordance with EN ISO/IEC 17025 or other equivalent standards accepted at international level.
In the absence of an analytical method meeting the minimum performance criteria set out in Part B, Member States shall ensure that monitoring is carried out using best available techniques not entailing excessive costs.]
[F1The following principles for methods of microbiological parameters are given either for reference, whenever a CEN/ISO method is given, or for guidance, pending the possible future adoption by the Commission of further CEN/ISO international methods for those parameters. Member States may use alternative methods, providing the provisions of Article 7(5) are met.
Those measures on further CEN/ISO international methods, designed to amend non-essential elements of this Directive, inter alia , by supplementing it, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 12(3).]
[F2The methods for microbiological parameters are:
Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and coliform bacteria (EN ISO 9308-1 or EN ISO 9308-2)
Enterococci (EN ISO 7899-2)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (EN ISO 16266)
enumeration of culturable microorganisms — colony count 22 °C (EN ISO 6222)
enumeration of culturable microorganisms — colony count 36 °C (EN ISO 6222)
Clostridium perfringens including spores (EN ISO 14189).]
For the parameters set out in Table 1, the specified performance characteristics are that the method of analysis used must, as a minimum, be capable of measuring concentrations equal to the parametric value with a limit of quantification, as defined in Article 2(2) of Commission Directive 2009/90/EC (3) , of 30 % or less of the relevant parametric value and an uncertainty of measurement as specified in Table 1. The result shall be expressed using at least the same number of significant figures as for the parametric value considered in Parts B and C of Annex I.
Until 31 December 2019 Member States may allow for the use of ‘ trueness ’ , ‘ precision ’ and ‘ limit of detection ’ as specified in Table 2, as an alternative set of performance characteristics to ‘ limit of quantification ’ and ‘ uncertainty of measurement ’ as specified respectively in the first paragraph and Table 1.
The uncertainty of measurement laid down in Table 1 shall not be used as an additional tolerance to the parametric values set out in Annex I.
Minimum performance characteristic ‘ Uncertainty of measurement ’
Acrylamide, epichlorohydrin and vinyl chloride to be controlled by product specification. | ||
Parameters | Uncertainty of measurement (See Note 1) % of the parametric value (except for pH) | Notes |
---|---|---|
Aluminium | 25 | |
Ammonium | 40 | |
Antimony | 40 | |
Arsenic | 30 | |
Benzo(a)pyrene | 50 | See Note 5 |
Benzene | 40 | |
Boron | 25 | |
Bromate | 40 | |
Cadmium | 25 | |
Chloride | 15 | |
Chromium | 30 | |
Conductivity | 20 | |
Copper | 25 | |
Cyanide | 30 | See Note 6 |
1,2-dichloroethane | 40 | |
Fluoride | 20 | |
Hydrogen ion concentration pH (expressed in pH units) | 0,2 | See Note 7 |
Iron | 30 | |
Lead | 25 | |
Manganese | 30 | |
Mercury | 30 | |
Nickel | 25 | |
Nitrate | 15 | |
Nitrite | 20 | |
Oxidisability | 50 | See Note 8 |
Pesticides | 30 | See Note 9 |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | 50 | See Note 10 |
Selenium | 40 | |
Sodium | 15 | |
Sulphate | 15 | |
Tetrachloroethene | 30 | See Note 11 |
Trichloroethene | 40 | See Note 11 |
Trihalomethanes — total | 40 | See Note 10 |
Total organic carbon (TOC) | 30 | See Note 12 |
Turbidity | 30 | See Note 13 |
Minimum performance characteristics ‘ Trueness ’ , ‘ precision ’ and ‘ limit of detection ’ — may be used until 31 December 2019
Acrylamide, epichlorohydrin and vinyl chloride to be controlled by product specification.] | ||||
Parameters | Trueness (See Note 2) % of the parametric value (except for pH) | Precision (See Note 3) % of the parametric value (except for pH) | Limit of detection (See Note 4) % of the parametric value (except for pH) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aluminium | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Ammonium | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Antimony | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
Arsenic | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Benzo(a)pyrene | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
Benzene | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
Boron | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Bromate | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
Cadmium | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Chloride | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Chromium | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Conductivity | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Copper | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Cyanide | 10 | 10 | 10 | See Note 6 |
1,2-dichloroethane | 25 | 25 | 10 | |
Fluoride | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Hydrogen ion concentration pH (expressed in pH units) | 0,2 | 0,2 | See Note 7 | |
Iron | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Lead | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Manganese | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Mercury | 20 | 10 | 20 | |
Nickel | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Nitrate | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Nitrite | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Oxidisability | 25 | 25 | 10 | See Note 8 |
Pesticides | 25 | 25 | 25 | See Note 9 |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons | 25 | 25 | 25 | See Note 10 |
Selenium | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Sodium | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Sulphate | 10 | 10 | 10 | |
Tetrachloroethene | 25 | 25 | 10 | See Note 11 |
Trichloroethene | 25 | 25 | 10 | See Note 11 |
Trihalomethanes — total | 25 | 25 | 10 | See Note 10 |
Turbidity | 25 | 25 | 25 |
Note 1 | Uncertainty of measurement is a non-negative parameter characterising the dispersion of the quantity values being attributed to a measurand, based on the information used. The performance criterion for measurement uncertainty (k = 2) is the percentage of the parametric value stated in the table or better. Measurement uncertainty shall be estimated at the level of the parametric value, unless otherwise specified. |
Note 2 | Trueness is a measure of systematic error, i.e. the difference between the mean value of the large number of repeated measurements and the true value. Further specifications are those set out in ISO 5725. |
Note 3 | Precision is a measure of random error and is usually expressed as the standard deviation (within and between batches) of the spread of results from the mean. Acceptable precision is twice the relative standard deviation. This term is further specified in ISO 5725. |
Note 4 | Limit of detection is either:
|
Note 5 | If the value of uncertainty of measurement cannot be met, the best available technique should be selected (up to 60 %). |
Note 6 | The method determines total cyanide in all forms. |
Note 7 | Values for trueness, precision and uncertainty of measurement are expressed in pH units. |
Note 8 | Reference method: EN ISO 8467 |
Note 9 | The performance characteristics for individual pesticides are given as an indication. Values for the uncertainty of measurement as low as 30 % can be achieved for several pesticides, higher values up to 80 % may be allowed for a number of pesticides. |
Note 10 | The performance characteristics apply to individual substances, specified at 25 % of the parametric value in Part B of Annex I. |
Note 11 | The performance characteristics apply to individual substances, specified at 50 % of the parametric value in Part B of Annex I. |
Note 12 | The uncertainty of measurement should be estimated at the level of 3 mg/l of the total organic carbon (TOC). CEN 1484 Guidelines for the determination of TOC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) shall be used. |
Note 13 | The uncertainty of measurement should be estimated at the level of 1,0 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units) in accordance with EN ISO 7027.] |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
Directive 80/778/EECTransposition 17.7.1982Application 17.7.1985All Member States except Spain, Portugal and new Länder of Germany | Directive 81/858/EEC(Adaptation due to accession of Greece) | Act of Accession of Spain and PortugalSpain:transposition1.1.1986application1.1.1986Portugal:transposition1.1.1986application1.1.1989 | Directive 90/656/EEC for new Länder of Germany | Act of Accession of Austria, Finland and SwedenAustria:transposition1.1.1995application1.1.1995Finland:transposition1.1.1995application1.1.1995Sweden:transposition1.1.1995application1.1.1995 | Directive 91/692/EEC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Articles 1 to 14 | Application 31.12.1995 | ||||
Article 15 | Amended with effect from 1.1.1981 | Amended with effect from 1.1.1986 | Amended with effect from 1.1.1995 | ||
Article 16 | |||||
Article 17 | Article 17(a) inserted | ||||
Article 18 | |||||
Article 19 | Amended | Amended | |||
Article 20 | |||||
Article 21 |
This Directive | Directive 80/778/EEC |
---|---|
Article 1(1) | Article 1(1) |
Article 1(2) | — |
Article 2(1) (a) and (b) | Article 2 |
Article 2(2) | — |
Article 3(1) (a) and (b) | Article 4(1) |
Article 3(2) (a) and (b) | — |
Article 3(3) | — |
Article 4(1) | Article 7(6) |
Article 4(2) | Article 11 |
Article 5(1) | Article 7(1) |
Article 5(2) first sentence | Article 7(3) |
Article 5(2) second sentence | — |
Article 5(3) | — |
Article 6(1) | Article 12(2) |
Article 6(2) to (3) | — |
Article 7(1) | Article 12(1) |
Article 7(2) | — |
Article 7(3) | Article 12(3) |
Article 7(4) | — |
Article 7(5) | Article 12(5) |
Article 7(6) | — |
Article 8 | — |
Article 9(1) | Article 9(1) and Article 10(1) |
Article 9(2) to (6) | — |
Article 9(7) | Article 9(2) and Article 10(3) |
Article 9(8) | — |
Article 10 | Article 8 |
Article 11(1) | — |
Article 11(2) | Article 13 |
Article 12(1) | Article 14 |
Article 12(2) and (3) | Article 15 |
Article 13(1) | — |
Article 13(2) to (5) | Article 17(a) (inserted by Directive 91/692/EEC) |
Article 14 | Article 19 |
Article 15 | Article 20 |
Article 16 | — |
Article 17 | Article 18 |
Article 18 | — |
Article 19 | Article 21 |
To be added following the outcome of the study currently being carried out.
[F2Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy ( OJ L 327, 22.12.2000, p. 1 ).]
[F2Commission Directive 2009/90/EC of 31 July 2009 laying down, pursuant to Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, technical specifications for chemical analysis and monitoring of water status ( OJ L 201, 1.8.2009, p. 36 ).]
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