- Latest available (Revised)
- Original (As adopted by EU)
Regulation (EC) No 184/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 January 2005 on Community statistics concerning balance of payments, international trade in services and foreign direct investment
When the UK left the EU, legislation.gov.uk published EU legislation that had been published by the EU up to IP completion day (31 December 2020 11.00 p.m.). On legislation.gov.uk, these items of legislation are kept up-to-date with any amendments made by the UK since then.
Legislation.gov.uk publishes the UK version. EUR-Lex publishes the EU version. The EU Exit Web Archive holds a snapshot of EUR-Lex’s version from IP completion day (31 December 2020 11.00 p.m.).
This is the original version as it was originally adopted in the EU.
This legislation may since have been updated - see the latest available (revised) version
a t = reference period (year or quarter). | |||
BOP EUREuro Indicators | Deadline: ta + 2 monthsPeriodicity: QuarterFirst reference period: First quarter of 2006 | ||
---|---|---|---|
Credit | Debit | Net | |
Current Account | Extra-EU | Extra-EU | Extra-EU |
Services | Extra-EU | Extra-EU | Extra-EU |
a Only the geographical breakdown. | ||||
BOP FDIDirect Investment Flowsa | Deadline: t + 9 monthsPeriodicity: YearFirst reference period: 2006 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A | Geographical breakdown | |||
Item | Data type | Geographical breakdown | Activity breakdown | |
Direct investment abroad | ||||
510 | Equity capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
525 | Reinvested earnings | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
530 | Other capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
505 | Direct investment abroad: Total | Net | Level 3 | Not required |
Direct investment in the reporting economy | ||||
560 | Equity capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
575 | Reinvested earnings | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
580 | Other capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
555 | Direct investment in the reporting economy: Total | Net | Level 3 | Not required |
Direct investment income | ||||
332 | Dividends | Credit, debit, net | Level 2 | Not required |
333 | Reinvested earning and undistributed branch profits | Credit, debit, net | Level 2 | Not required |
334 | Income on debt | Credit, debit, net | Level 2 | Not required |
330 | Direct investment income: Total | Credit, debit, net | Level 3 | Not required |
BOP FDIDirect Investment Flows | Deadline: t + 21 monthsPeriodicity: YearFirst reference period: 2006 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A | Geographical breakdown | |||
Item | Data type | Geographical breakdown | Activity breakdown | |
Direct investment abroad | ||||
510 | Equity capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
525 | Reinvested earnings | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
530 | Other capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
505 | Direct investment abroad: Total | Net | Level 3 | Not required |
Direct investment in the reporting economy | ||||
560 | Equity capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
575 | Reinvested earnings | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
580 | Other capital | Net | Level 2 | Not required |
555 | Direct investment in the reporting economy: Total | Net | Level 3 | Not required |
Direct investment income | ||||
332 | Dividends | Credit, debit, net | Level 2 | Not required |
333 | Reinvested earning and undistributed branch profits | Credit, debit, net | Level 2 | Not required |
334 | Income on debt | Credit, debit, net | Level 2 | Not required |
330 | Direct investment income: Total | Credit, debit, net | Level 3 | Not required |
B | Activity breakdown | |||
Item | Data type | Geographical breakdown | Activity breakdown | |
505 | Direct investment income: Total | Net Net | Level 1 Level 2 | Level 2 Level 1 |
555 | Direct investment in the reporting economy: Total | Net Net | Level 1 Level 2 | Level 2 Level 1 |
330 | Direct investment income: Total | Credit, debit, net Credit, debit, net | Level 1 Level 2 | Level 2 Level 1 |
a Only the geographical breakdown. | ||||
b FDI positions as at 31.12.2005 will be transmitted in September 2007 pursuant to existing gentlemen’s agreements. | ||||
BOP POSDirect Investment Positionsa b | Deadline: t + 9 monthsPeriodicity: YearFirst reference period: 2006 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A | Geographical breakdown | |||
Item | Data type | Geographical breakdown | Activity breakdown | |
Direct investment assets | ||||
506 | Equity capital and reinvested earnings | Net Positions | Level 1 | Not required |
530 | Other capital | Net Positions | Level 1 | Not required |
505 | Direct investment abroad: Total assets, net | Net Positions | Level 2 | Not required |
Direct investment liabilities | ||||
556 | Equity capital and reinvested earnings | Net Positions | Level 1 | Not required |
580 | Other capital | Net Positions | Level 1 | Not required |
555 | Direct investment in the reporting economy: Total liabilities, net | Net Positions | Level 2 | Not required |
a The revised data on FDI positions as at 31.12.2005 will be transmitted in September 2008 pursuant to this Regulation. | ||||
BOP POSDirect Investment Positionsa | Deadline: t + 21 monthsPeriodicity: YearFirst reference period: 2006 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A | Geographical breakdown | |||
Item | Data type | Geographical breakdown | Activity breakdown | |
Direct investment assets | ||||
506 | Equity capital and reinvested earnings | Net Positions | Level 2 | Not required |
530 | Other capital | Net Positions | Level 2 | Not required |
505 | Direct investment abroad: Total assets, net | Net Positions | Level 3 | Not required |
Direct investment liabilities | ||||
556 | Equity capital and reinvested earnings | Net Positions | Level 2 | Not required |
580 | Other capital | Net Positions | Level 2 | Not required |
555 | Direct investment in the reporting economy: Total liabilities, net | Net Positions | Level 3 | Not required |
B | Activity breakdown | |||
Item | Data type | Geographical breakdown | Activity breakdown | |
505 | Direct investment abroad: Total assets, net | Net Positions | Level 1 Level 2 | Level 2 Level 1 |
555 | Direct investment in the reporting economy: Total liabilities, net | Net Positions | Level 1 Level 2 | Level 2 Level 1 |
a Only for FDI. | |||
Level 1 | Level 2 | ||
---|---|---|---|
A1 | World (all entities) | A1 | World (all entities) |
D3 | EU-25 (Intra-EU-25) | D3 | EU-25 (Intra-EU-25) |
U4 | Extra-euro-zone | U4 | Extra-euro-zone |
4A | European Union institutions | 4A | European Union institutions |
D5 | Extra-EU-25 | D5 | Extra-EU-25 |
IS | Iceland | ||
LI | Liechtenstein | ||
NO | Norway | ||
CH | Switzerland | CH | Switzerland |
BG | Bulgaria | ||
HR | Croatia | ||
RO | Romania | ||
RU | Russian Federation | ||
TR | Turkey | ||
EG | Egypt | ||
MA | Morocco | ||
NG | Nigeria | ||
ZA | South Africa | ||
CA | Canada | CA | Canada |
US | United States of America | US | United States of America |
MX | Mexico | ||
AR | Argentina | ||
BR | Brazil | ||
CL | Chile | ||
UY | Uruguay | ||
VE | Venezuela | ||
IL | Israel | ||
CN | China | ||
HK | Hong Kong | ||
IN | India | ||
ID | Indonesia | ||
JP | Japan | JP | Japan |
KR | South Korea | ||
MY | Malaysia | ||
PH | Philippines | ||
SG | Singapore | ||
TW | Taiwan | ||
TH | Thailand | ||
AU | Australia | ||
NZ | New Zealand | ||
Z8 | Extra- EU-25 non-allocated | Z8 | Extra- EU-25 non-allocated |
C4 | Offshore financial centresa | C4 | Offshore financial centres |
a Provisional code that does not affect the definitive denomination of the country to be attributed after the conclusion of the negotiations currently taking place in the United Nations. | |
Level 3 | |
---|---|
7Z | International Organisations excluding European Union Institutions |
AD | Andorra |
AE | United Arab Emirates |
AF | Afghanistan |
AG | Antigua and Barbuda |
AI | Anguilla |
AL | Albania |
AM | Armenia |
AN | Netherlands Antilles |
AO | Angola |
AQ | Antarctica |
AR | Argentina |
AS | American Samoa |
AT | Austria |
AU | Australia |
AW | Aruba |
AZ | Azerbaijan |
BA | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
BB | Barbados |
BD | Bangladesh |
BE | Belgium |
BF | Burkina Faso |
BG | Bulgaria |
BH | Bahrain |
BI | Burundi |
BJ | Benin |
BM | Bermuda |
BN | Brunei Darussalam |
BO | Bolivia |
BR | Brazil |
BS | Bahamas |
BT | Bhutan |
BV | Bouvet Island |
BW | Botswana |
BY | Belarus |
BZ | Belize |
CA | Canada |
CC | Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
CD | Congo, the Democratic Republic of the |
CF | Central African Republic |
CG | Congo |
CH | Switzerland |
CI | Côte d'Ivoire |
CK | Cook Islands |
CL | Chile |
CM | Cameroon |
CN | China |
CO | Colombia |
CR | Costa Rica |
CS | Serbia and Montenegro |
CU | Cuba |
CV | Cape Verde |
CX | Christmas Island |
CY | Cyprus |
CZ | Czech Republic |
DE | Germany |
DJ | Djibouti |
DK | Denmark |
DM | Dominica |
DO | Dominican Republic |
DZ | Algeria |
EC | Ecuador |
EE | Estonia |
EG | Egypt |
ER | Eritrea |
ES | Spain |
ET | Ethiopia |
FI | Finland |
FJ | Fiji |
FK | Falkland Islands (Malvinas) |
FM | Micronesia, Federated States of |
FO | Faeroe Islands |
FR | France |
GA | Gabon |
GB | United Kingdom |
GD | Grenada |
GE | Georgia |
GG | Guernsey (No official ISO 3166-1 country code, exceptionally reserved code elements) |
GH | Ghana |
GI | Gibraltar |
GL | Greenland |
GM | Gambia |
GN | Guinea |
GQ | Equatorial Guinea |
GR | Greece |
GS | South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands |
GT | Guatemala |
GU | Guam |
GW | Guinea-Bissau |
GY | Guyana |
HK | Hong Kong |
HM | Heard Island and McDonald Islands |
HN | Honduras |
HR | Croatia |
HT | Haiti |
HU | Hungary |
ID | Indonesia |
IE | Ireland |
IL | Israel |
IM | Isle of Man (No official ISO 3166-1 country code, exceptionally reserved code elements) |
IN | India |
IO | British Indian Ocean Territory |
IQ | Iraq |
IR | Iran, Islamic Republic of |
IS | Iceland |
IT | Italy |
JE | Jersey (No official ISO 3166-1 country code, exceptionally reserved code elements) |
JM | Jamaica |
JO | Jordan |
JP | Japan |
KE | Kenya |
KG | Kyrgyzstan |
KH | Cambodia (Kampuchea) |
KI | Kiribati |
KM | Comoros |
KN | St Kitts and Nevis |
KP | Korea, Democratic People's Republic of (North Korea) |
KR | Korea, Republic of (South Korea) |
KW | Kuwait |
KY | Cayman Islands |
KZ | Kazakhstan |
LA | Lao People's Democratic Republic |
LB | Lebanon |
LC | Saint Lucia |
LI | Liechtenstein |
LK | Sri Lanka |
LR | Liberia |
LS | Lesotho |
LT | Lithuania |
LU | Luxembourg |
LV | Latvia |
LY | Libyan Arab Jamahiriya |
MA | Morocco |
MD | Moldova, Republic of |
MG | Madagascar |
MH | Marshall Islands |
MKa | Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of |
ML | Mali |
MM | Myanmar |
MN | Mongolia |
MO | Macao |
MP | Northern Mariana Islands |
MQ | Martinique |
MR | Mauritania |
MS | Montserrat |
MT | Malta |
MU | Mauritius |
MV | Maldives |
MW | Malawi |
MX | Mexico |
MY | Malaysia |
MZ | Mozambique |
NA | Namibia |
NC | New Caledonia |
NE | Niger |
NF | Norfolk Island |
NG | Nigeria |
NI | Nicaragua |
NL | Netherlands |
NO | Norway |
NP | Nepal |
NR | Nauru |
NU | Niue |
NZ | New Zealand |
OM | Oman |
PA | Panama |
PE | Peru |
PF | French Polynesia |
PG | Papua New Guinea |
PH | Philippines |
PK | Pakistan |
PL | Poland |
PN | Pitcairn |
PR | Puerto Rico |
PS | Palestinian Territory, Occupied |
PT | Portugal |
PW | Palau |
PY | Paraguay |
QA | Qatar |
RO | Romania |
RU | Russian Federation |
RW | Rwanda |
SA | Saudi Arabia |
SB | Solomon Islands |
SC | Seychelles |
SD | Sudan |
SE | Sweden |
SG | Singapore |
SH | St Helena |
SI | Slovenia |
SK | Slovakia |
SL | Sierra Leone |
SM | San Marino |
SN | Senegal |
SO | Somalia |
SR | Suriname |
ST | Sao Tome and Principe |
SV | El Salvador |
SY | Syrian Arab Republic |
SZ | Swaziland |
TC | Turks and Caicos Islands |
TD | Chad |
TG | Togo |
TH | Thailand |
TJ | Tajikistan |
TK | Tokelau |
TL | Timor Leste |
TM | Turkmenistan |
TN | Tunisia |
TO | Tonga |
TR | Turkey |
TT | Trinidad and Tobago |
TV | Tuvalu |
TW | Taiwan, Province of China |
TZ | Tanzania, United Republic of |
UA | Ukraine |
UG | Uganda |
UM | United States Minor Outlying Islands |
US | United States |
UY | Uruguay |
UZ | Uzbekistan |
VA | Holy See (Vatican City State) |
VC | St Vincent and the Grenadines |
VE | Venezuela |
VG | Virgin Islands, British |
VI | Virgin Islands, US |
VN | Vietnam |
VU | Vanuatu |
WF | Wallis and Futuna |
WS | Samoa |
YE | Yemen |
YT | Mayotte |
ZA | South Africa |
ZM | Zambia |
ZW | Zimbabwe |
Level 1 | Level 2 | |
---|---|---|
NACE rev. 1 | ||
AGRICULTURE AND FISHING | Section A and B | |
MINING & QUARRYING | MINING AND QUARRYING | Section C |
Of which: | ||
Extraction of petroleum and gas | Div 11 | |
MANUFACTURING | MANUFACTURING | Section D |
Food products | Subsection DA | |
Textiles and wearing apparel | Subsection DB | |
Wood, publishing and printing | Subsections DD and DE | |
TOTAL textiles and wood activities | ||
Refined petroleum products and other treatments | Div 23 | |
Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products | Div 24 | |
Rubber and plastic products | Div 25 | |
Petroleum, chemical, rubber, plastic products | TOTAL petroleum, chemical, rubber, plastic products | |
Metal products | Subsection DJ | |
Mechanical products | Div 29 | |
TOTAL metal and mechanical products | ||
Office machinery and computers | Div 30 | |
Radio, TV, communication equipment | Div 32 | |
Office machinery, computers, RTV, communication equipment | TOTAL machines, computers, RTV, communication equipment. | |
Motor vehicles | Div 34 | |
Other transport equipment | Div 35 | |
Vehicles, other transport equipment | TOTAL vehicles and other transport equipment | |
Manufacturing n.i.e. | ||
ELECTRICITY, GAS & WATER | ELECTRICITY, GAS AND WATER | Section E |
CONSTRUCTION | CONSTRUCTION | Section F |
TOTAL SERVICES | TOTAL SERVICES | |
TRADE AND REPAIRS | TRADE AND REPAIRS | Section G |
Sale, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and motor cycles; retail sale of automotive fuel | Div 50 | |
Wholesale trade and commission trade, except of motor vehicles and motor cycles | Div 51 | |
Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motor cycles; repair of personal and household goods | Div 52 | |
HOTELS & RESTAURANTS | HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS | Section H |
TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATIONS | TRANSPORT, STORAGE AND COMMUNICATIONS | Section I |
Transport and storage | Div 60, 61, 62, 63 | |
Land transport; transport via pipelines | Div 60 | |
Water transport | Div 61 | |
Air transport | Div 62 | |
Supporting and auxiliary transport activities; activities of travel agencies | Div 63 | |
Post and telecommunications | Div 64 | |
Post and courier activities | Group 641 | |
Telecommunications | Group 642 | |
FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION | FINANCIAL INTERMEDIATION | Section J |
Financial intermediation, except insurance and pension funding | Div 65 | |
Insurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security | Div 66 | |
Activities auxiliary to financial intermediation | Div 67 | |
REAL ESTATE ACTIVITIES | Section K, Div 70 | |
RENTING OF MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT WITHOUT bPERATOR AND OF PERSONAL AND HOUSEHOLD GOODS | Section K, Div 71 | |
COMPUTER & RELATED ACTIVITIES | COMPUTER AND RELATED ACTIVITIES | Section K, Div 72 |
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT | RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT | Section K, Div 73 |
OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES | OTHER BUSINESS ACTIVITIES | Section K, Div 74 |
Legal accounting, market research, consultancy | Group 741 | |
Legal activities | Class 7411 | |
Accounting, bookkeeping and audit; tax consultancy | Class 7412 | |
Market research and public opinion polling | Class 7413 | |
Business and management consultancy activities | Class 7414, 7415 | |
Architectural, engineering and other technical activities | Group 742 | |
Advertising | Group 744 | |
Business activities not elsewhere classified. | Group 743, 745, 746, 747, 748 | |
EDUCATION | Section M | |
HEALTH AND SOCIAL WORK | Section N | |
SEWAGE AND REFUSE DISPOSAL | Section O, Div 90 | |
ACTIVITIES OF MEMBERSHIP ORGANISATIONS NOT ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED. | Section O, Div 91 | |
RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL, SPORTING ACTIVITIES | RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL, SPORTING ACTIVITIES | Section O, Div 92 |
Motion picture, radio, television, other entertainment activities | Group 921, 922, 923 | |
News agency activities | Group 924 | |
Library, archives, museums, other cultural activities | Group 925 | |
Sporting and other recreational activities | Group 926, 927 | |
OTHER SERVICE ACTIVITIES | Section O, Div 93 | |
Not allocated |
The goods component of the Balance of Payments Current Account covers moveable goods for which change of ownership (between residents and non-residents) occurs. These goods should be measured at market value on an f.o.b. basis. Exceptions to the change of ownership rule (transactions in these items are recorded in goods) include: goods on financial lease, goods transferred between a parent enterprise and a branch, and some goods for processing. Intra-EU Trade in Goods: the partner country should be defined according to the consignment principle. It includes: general merchandise, goods for processing, repairs on goods, goods procured in ports by carriers and non-monetary gold.
Covers all transportation services that are provided by residents of one economy for those of another and that involve the carriage of passengers, the movement of goods (freight), rentals (charters) of carriers with crew, and related supporting and auxiliary services.
Covers all transportation services by sea. The following breakdown is required: Passenger Sea Transport (code 207); Freight Sea Transport (code 208), and Other Sea Transport (code 209).
Covers all transportation services provided by air. The following breakdown is required: Passenger Air Transport (code 211); Freight Air Transport (code 212), and Other Air Transport (code 213).
Covers all transportation services not provided by sea or air. The following breakdown is required: Passenger on Other Transport (code 215); Freight on Other Transport (code 216), and Other on Other Transport (code 217).
An extended classification for Other Transport (code 214) is required as follows:
Includes satellite launches undertaken by commercial enterprises for the owners of the satellites (such as telecommunication enterprises) and other operations performed by operators of space equipment, such as transport of goods and people for scientific experiments. Also included, is space passenger transport and the payments made by an economy in order to have its residents included on the space vehicles of another economy.
Covers transport by train. A further subdivision between Passenger Rail Transport (code 220), Freight Rail Transport (code 221) and Other rail transport (code 222) is required.
Covers transport by lorries, trucks, buses and coaches. A further subdivision between Passenger Road Transport (code 224), Freight Road Transport (code 225) and Other Road Transport (code 226) is required.
Relates to international transportation on rivers, canals and lakes. Included are waterways that are internal to one country and those that are shared among two or more countries. A further subdivision between Passenger Inland Waterway Transport (code 228), Freight Inland Waterway Transport (code 229) and Other Inland Waterway Transport (code 230) is required.
Covers international transport of goods in pipelines. Also included are charges for the transmission of electricity when this is separate from the production and distribution process. The provision of electricity itself is excluded, as is the provision of petroleum and related products, water and other goods supplied through pipelines. Also excluded are distribution services of electricity, water, gas and other petroleum products (included in Other Business Services (code 284)).
Other supporting and auxiliary transport services covers all other transportation services that cannot be allocated to any of the components of transportation services described above.
Travel covers primarily the goods and services acquired from an economy by travellers during visits of less than one year to that economy. The goods and services are purchased by, or on behalf of, the traveller or provided, without a quid pro quo (that is, are provided as a gift), for the traveller to use or give away. Excluded are transportation of travellers within the economies that they are visiting, where such transportation is provided by carriers not resident in the particular economy being visited, as well as the international carriage of travellers, both of which are covered in passenger services under transportation. Also excluded are goods purchased by a traveller for resale in the traveller’s own economy or in any other economy. Travel is divided in two subcomponents: Business Travel (code 237) and Personal Travel (code 240).
Business travel covers the acquisition of goods and services by business travellers. Also includes the acquisition of goods and services for personal use by seasonal, border and other workers who are not resident in the economy in which they are employed and whose employer is resident in that economy. Business travel is further divided into Expenditure by seasonal and border workers (code 238) and Other Business Travel (code 239).
Includes the acquisition of goods and services for personal use by seasonal, border and other workers who are not resident in the economy in which they are employed and whose employer is resident in that economy.
Covers all Business Travel (code 237) not included in Expenditure by seasonal and border workers (code 238).
Personal travel covers goods and services acquired by travellers going abroad for purposes other than business, such as holidays, participation in recreational and cultural activities, visits with friends and relations, pilgrimage, and education- and health-related purposes. Personal travel (code 240) is divided in three subcomponents: Health-related Expenditure (code 241), Education-related Expenditure (code 242) and Other Personal Travel (code 243).
It is defined as the total expenditure by those travelling for medical reasons.
It is defined as the total expenditure by students.
Covers all Personal Travel (code 240) not included in Health-related Expenditure (code 241) or Education-related Expenditure (code 242).
All Services (code 200) not included in Transportation (code 205) or Travel (code 236).
Comprises Postal and Courier Services (code 246) and Telecommunication Services (code 247).
Comprises Postal Services (code 958) and Courier Services (code 959).
Includes poste restante services, telegram services and post office counter services, such as sales of stamps, money orders etc. Postal services are often, but not exclusively, supplied by national postal administrations. Postal services are subject to international agreements, and the flows between operators of different economies should be recorded on a gross basis.
Courier services focuses on express and door-to-door delivery. Couriers may use self-owned, privately shared or public transportation to supply these services. Included are express delivery services, which might include, for example, on-demand pick-up or time-definite delivery.
Encompasses the transmission of sound, images or other information by telephone, telex, telegram, radio and television cable and broadcasting, satellite, electronic mail, facsimile services etc., including business network services, teleconferencing and support services. It does not include the value of the information transported. Also included are cellular telephone services, Internet backbone services and online access services, including provision of access to the Internet.
Comprises Construction Abroad (code 250) and Construction in the Compiling Economy (code 251).
Comprises the construction services provided to non-residents by enterprises resident in the compiling economy (credit) and the goods and services purchased in the host economy by these enterprises (debit).
Comprises construction services provided to residents of the compiling economy by non-resident construction enterprises (debit) and the goods and services purchased in the compiling economy by these non-resident enterprises (credit).
Covers the provision of various types of insurance to non-residents by resident insurance enterprises, and vice versa. These services are estimated or valued by the service charges included in total premiums rather than by the total value of the premiums. It comprises Life insurance and pension funding (code 254), Freight insurance (code 255), Other direct insurance (code 256), Reinsurance (code 257) and Auxiliary services (code 258)
Holders of life insurance policies, both with profit and without profit, make regular payments to an insurer (there may be just a single payment), in return for which the insurer guarantees to pay the policy holder an agreed minimum sum or an annuity, at a given date or at the death of the policy holder, if this occurs earlier. Term life insurance, where benefits are provided in the case of death but in no other circumstances, is a form of direct insurance, and is excluded here and included in Other direct insurance (code 256).
Pension funds are separate funds established for the purpose of providing income on retirement for specific groups of employees. They are organised and directed by private or public employers or jointly by employers and their employees. They are funded by contributions from the employer and/or the employees and by the investment income earned on fund assets, and they also engage in financial transactions on their own account. They do not include social security schemes organised for large sections of the community that are imposed, controlled or financed by general government. Pension fund management services are included. In the case of pension funds, ‘premiums’ are generally described as ‘contributions’, while ‘claims’ are generally described as ‘benefits’
Freight insurance services relate to insurance provided on goods that are in the process of being exported or imported, on a basis that is consistent with the measurement of goods f.o.b. and freight transportation.
Other direct insurance covers all other forms of casualty insurance. Included are term life insurance; accident and health insurance (unless these are provided as part of government social security schemes); marine, aviation and other transport insurance, fire and other property damage, pecuniary loss insurance, general liability insurance and other insurance, such as travel insurance and insurance related to loans and credit cards.
Reinsurance is the process of subcontracting parts of the insurance risk, often to specialised operators, in return for a proportionate share of the premium income. Reinsurance transactions may relate to packages that mix several types of risks.
Comprises transactions that are closely related to insurance and pension fund operations. Included are agents’ commissions, insurance brokering and agency services, insurance and pension consultancy services, evaluation and adjustment services, actuarial services, salvage administration services, and regulatory and monitoring services on indemnities and recovery services.
Financial services covers financial intermediation and auxiliary services, except those of life insurance enterprises and pension funds (which are included in life insurance and pension funding) and other insurance services that are conducted between residents and non-residents. Such services may be provided by banks, stock exchanges, factoring enterprises, credit card enterprises and other enterprises. Included are services provided in connection with transactions in financial instruments, as well as other services related to financial activity, such as advisory, custody and asset management services.
Comprises Computer Services (code 263) and Information Services (code 264).
Consists of hardware and software-related services and data-processing services. Included are hardware and software consultancy and implementation services; maintenance and repair of computers and peripheral equipment; disaster recovery services, provision of advice and assistance on matters related to the management of computer resources; analysis, design and programming of systems ready to use (including web page development and design), and technical consultancy related to software; development, production, supply and documentation of customised software, including operating systems made on order for specific users; systems maintenance and other support services, such as training provided as part of consultancy; data-processing services, such as data entry, tabulation and processing on a time-sharing basis; web page hosting services (i.e. the provision of server space on the Internet to host clients’ web pages); and computer facilities management.
Comprises News Agency Services (code 889) and Other information provision services (code 890).
News agency services include the provision of news, photographs, and feature articles to the media.
Includes database services - database conception, data storage and the dissemination of data and databases (including directories and mailing lists) - both online and through magnetic, optical or printed media and web search portals (search engine services that find internet addresses for clients who input keyword queries). Also included are direct, non-bulk subscriptions to newspapers and periodicals, whether by mail, electronic transmission or other means.
Comprises Franchises and similar rights (code 891) and Other royalties and licence fees (code 892).
Comprises international payments and receipts of franchising fees and the royalties paid for the use of registered trademarks.
Includes international payments and receipts for the authorised use of intangible, non-produced, non-financial assets and proprietary rights (such as patents, copyrights and industrial processes and designs) and the use, through licensing agreements, of produced originals or prototypes (such as manuscripts, computer programs, and cinematographic works and sound recordings).
Comprises Merchanting and other trade-related services (code 269), Operational leasing services (code 272) and Miscellaneous business, professional, and technical services (code 273).
Comprise Merchanting (code 270) and Other trade-related services (code 271)
Merchanting is defined as the purchase of a good by a resident of the compiling economy from a non-resident and the subsequent resale of the good to another non-resident; during the process, the good does not enter or leave the compiling economy.
Covers commissions on goods and service transactions between (a) resident merchants, commodity brokers, dealers, and commission agents and (b) non-residents.
Covers resident/non-resident leasing (rental) and charters, without operators, of ships, aircraft and transportation equipment, such as railway cars, containers and rigs, without crew.
Comprises Legal, accounting, management consulting, and public relations (code 274), Advertising, market research and public opinion polling (code 278), Research and development (code 279), Architectural, engineering and other technical services (code 280), Agricultural, mining, and on-site processing services (code 281), Other business services (code 284) and Services between related enterprises, n.i.e. (code 285).
Comprises Legal services (code 275), Accounting, auditing, bookkeeping and tax consultancy services (code 276) and Business and management consulting and public relations services (code 277).
Covers legal advisory and representation services in any legal, judicial and statutory procedures, drafting services of legal documentation and instruments, certification consultancy; and escrow and settlement services.
Covers the recording of commercial transactions for businesses and others, examination services of accounting records and financial statements, business tax planning and consulting; and preparation of tax documents.
Covers advisory, guidance and operational assistance services provided to businesses for business policy and strategy and the overall planning, structuring and control of an organisation. Included are management auditing, market management, human resources, production management and project management consulting; and advisory, guidance and operational services related to improving the image of the clients and their relations with the institutions and the general public.
Services transacted between residents and non-residents. Covers the design, creation and marketing of advertisements by advertising agencies, media placement, including the purchase and sale of advertising space, exhibition services provided by trade fairs, the promotion of products abroad, market research, telemarketing and public opinion polling on various issues.
Covers those services that are transacted between residents and non-residents and associated with basic research, applied research and experimental development of new products and processes.
Covers transactions between residents and non-residents related to architectural design of urban and other development projects; planning and project design and supervision of dams, bridges, airports, turnkey projects etc.; surveying, cartography, product testing and certification; and technical inspection services.
Comprises Waste treatment and depollution (code 282) and Agricultural, mining, and other on-site processing services (code 283).
Includes the treatment of radioactive and other waste, stripping of contaminated soil, cleaning up of pollution including oil spills, restoration of mining sites; and decontamination and sanitation services. Also included are all other services that relate to the cleaning or restoring of the environment.
Comprises:
agricultural services that are incidental to agriculture, such as the provision of agricultural machinery with crew, harvesting, treatment of crops, pest control, animal boarding, animal care, and breeding services. Services in hunting, trapping, forestry and logging, and fishing are also included here;
mining services provided at oil and gas fields, including drilling, derrick building, repair and dismantling services, and oil and gas well casing cementing. Services incidental to mineral prospecting and exploration, as well as mining engineering and geological surveying, are also included here;
other on-site processing services, which covers on-site processing of or work on goods that have been imported without change of ownership, processed but not re-exported to the country from which the goods were consigned (but are instead either sold in the processing economy or sold to a third economy) or vice versa.
Covers services transactions between residents and non-residents, such as the placement of personnel, security and investigative services, translation and interpretation, photographic services, building cleaning, real estate services to businesses and any other business services that cannot be classified to any of the aforementioned business services.
It is a residual category. It covers payments between related enterprises for services that cannot be specifically classified to any other component. It includes payments from branches, subsidiaries and associates to their parent enterprise or other related enterprises that represent contributions to the general management costs of the branches, subsidiaries and associates (for planning, organising and controlling) and also reimbursements of expenses settled directly by parent enterprises. Also included are transactions between parent enterprises and their branches, subsidiaries and associates to cover overhead expenses.
Comprises Audiovisual and related services (code 288) and Other personal, cultural and recreational services (code 289).
Comprises services and associated fees related to the production of motion pictures (on film or videotape), radio and television programmes (live or on tape) and musical recordings. Included are receipts or payments for rentals; fees received by resident actors, producers etc. for productions abroad (or by non-residents for work carried out in the compiling economy); fees for distribution rights sold to the media for a limited number of showings in specified areas and access to encrypted television channels (such as cable services). Fees to actors, directors and producers involved with theatrical and musical productions, sporting events, circuses and other similar events and fees for distribution rights (for television, radio, and film) for these activities are included.
Comprises Education services (code 895), Health services (code 896) and Other or Other personal, cultural and recreational services not included elsewhere (code 897).
Comprises services supplied between residents and non-residents relating to education, such as correspondence courses and education via television or the Internet, as well as by teachers etc. who supply services directly in host economies.
Comprises services provided by doctors, nurses and paramedical and similar personnel, as well as laboratory and similar services, whether rendered remotely or on-site. Excluded is all expenditure by travellers on education and health (included in travel).
It is a residual category covering Other personal, cultural and recreational services (code 289) not included in Education services (code 895) and Health services (code 896).
It is a residual category covering government transactions (including those of international organisations) not contained in the other components of the Extended Balance of Payments Services classification (EBOPS). Included are all transactions (in both goods and services) by embassies, consulates, military units and defence agencies with residents of economies in which the embassies, consulates, military units and defence agencies are located and all transactions with other economies. Excluded are transactions with residents of the home economies represented by the embassies, consulates, military units and defence agencies, and transactions in the commissaries and post exchanges of these embassies and consulates.
A breakdown of this item into services transacted by Embassies and consulates (code 292), Services transacted by Military units and agencies (code 293) and Other government services (code 294) is required.
Income covers two types of transactions between residents and non-residents: (i) those involving compensation of employees, which is paid to non-resident workers (e.g. border, seasonal and other short-term workers), and (ii) those involving investment income receipts and payments on external financial assets and liabilities.
Compensation of employees comprises wages, salaries, and other benefits, in cash or in kind, earned by individuals, in economies other than those in which they are resident, for work performed for (and paid for by) residents of those economies. Included are contributions paid by employers, on behalf of employees, to social security schemes or to private insurance or pension funds (whether funded or unfunded) to secure benefits for employees.
Investment income is income derived from ownership of external financial assets and payable by residents of one economy to residents of another economy. Investment income includes interest, dividends, remittances of branch profits, and direct investors’ shares of the retained earnings of direct investment enterprises. Investment income should be classified by direct, portfolio and other investment components.
Direct investment income, namely income on equity and income on debt, covers income accruing to a direct investor resident in one economy from ownership of direct investment capital in an enterprise in another economy. Income on direct investment is presented on a net basis for both direct investment abroad and in the reporting economy (i.e. receipts of income on equity and income on debt less payments on income on equity and income on debt for each). Income on equity is subdivided into (i) distributed income (dividends and distributed branch profits), and (ii) reinvested earnings and undistributed branch profits. Income on debt consists of interest payable, on intercompany debt, to/from direct investors from/to associated enterprises abroad. Income on non-participating preference shares is treated as interest income, rather than dividend income, and is included in income on debt.
Dividends, including stock dividends, are the distribution of earnings allocated to shares and other forms of participation in the equity of incorporated private enterprises, cooperatives, and public corporations. Distributed income may be in the form of dividends on common or preferred shares owned by direct investors in associated enterprises abroad, or vice versa.
Reinvested earnings comprise direct investors' shares - in proportion to equity held, of (i) earnings that foreign subsidiaries and associated enterprises do not distribute as dividends and (ii) earnings that branches and other unincorporated enterprises do not remit to direct investors. (If that part of earnings is not identified, all branch earnings are considered, by convention, to be distributed).
Income on debt consists of interest payable, on intercompany debt, to/from direct investors from/to associated enterprises abroad. Income on nonparticipating preference shares is treated as interest income, rather than dividend income, and is included in income on debt.
Equity capital comprises equity in branches, all shares (whether voting or non-voting) in subsidiaries and associates (except nonparticipating, preferred shares that are treated as debt securities and included under other direct investment capital), and other capital contributions. Reinvested earnings consist of the direct investor's share (in proportion to direct equity participation) of earnings not distributed as dividends by subsidiaries or associates and earnings of branches not remitted to the direct investor.
Equity capital comprises equity in branches, all shares (whether voting or non-voting) in subsidiaries and associates (except nonparticipating, preferred shares that are treated as debt securities and included under other direct investment capital), and other capital contributions. Reinvested earnings consist of the direct investor's share (in proportion to direct equity participation) of earnings not distributed as dividends by subsidiaries or associates and earnings of branches not remitted to the direct investor.
Portfolio investment income comprises income transactions between residents and non-residents and is derived from holdings of shares, bonds, notes, and money market instruments. This category is subdivided into income on equity (dividends) and income on debt (interest).
Other investment income covers interest receipts and payments on all other resident claims (assets) on and liabilities to non-residents, respectively. This category also includes, in principle, imputed income to households from net equity in life insurance reserves and in pension funds. Interest on assets comprises interest on long- and short-term loans, on deposits, on other commercial and financial claims, and on an economy’s creditor position in the IMF. Interest on liabilities covers interest on loans, on deposits, and on other claims and interest related to the use of IMF credit and loans form the IMF. Also included is interest paid to the IMF on the Fund's SDR holdings in the General Resources Account.
Current transfers are offset items to unilateral transactions in which one economic entity provides a real resource or a financial item to another entity without receiving any real resource or financial item in exchange. These resources are consumed immediately or shortly after the transfer is made. Current transfers are all transfers that are not capital. Current transfers are classified according to the sector of the compiling economy into general government and other sectors.
General government transfers comprise current international cooperation and cover current transfers, in cash or in kind, between governments of different economies or between governments and international organisations.
Current transfers between other sectors of an economy and non-residents comprise those occurring between individuals, between non-governmental institutions or organisations (or between the two groups), or between non-resident governmental institutions and individuals or non-governmental institutions.
The capital account covers all transactions that involve the receipt or payment of capital transfers and acquisition/disposal of non-produced, non-financial assets.
The financial account covers all transactions associated with changes of ownership in the foreign financial assets and liabilities of an economy. Such changes include the creation and liquidation of claims on, or by the rest of the world. All components are classified according to type of investment or by functional subdivision (direct investment, portfolio investment, financial derivatives, other investment, reserve assets).
Foreign direct investment is the category of international investment that reflects the objective of a resident entity in one economy (direct investor) obtaining a lasting interest in an enterprise resident in an economy other than that of the investor (direct investment enterprise). ‘Lasting interest’ implies the existence of a long-term relationship between the direct investor and the enterprise and a significant degree of influence by the investor on the management of the direct investment enterprise. Direct investment comprises the initial transaction between the two entities, that is, the transaction that establishes the direct investment relationship, and all subsequent transactions between them and among affiliated enterprises, both incorporated and unincorporated.
Direct investment is classified primarily on a directional basis, resident direct investment abroad and non-resident investment in the reporting economy.
Equity capital comprises equity in branches, all shares (whether voting or non-voting) in subsidiaries and associates (except nonparticipating, preferred shares that are treated as debt securities and included under other direct investment capital), and other capital contributions. Equity capital also covers the acquisition by a direct investment enterprise of shares in its direct investor.
Reinvested earnings consist of the direct investor's share (in proportion to direct equity participation) of earnings not distributed as dividends by subsidiaries or associates and earnings of branches not remitted to the direct investor. These reinvested earnings are recorded as income with an offsetting capital transaction.
Other direct investment capital (or intercompany debt transactions) covers the borrowing and lending of funds - including debt securities, suppliers’ credits and nonparticipating preferred shares (which are treated as debt securities), between direct investors and subsidiaries, branches, and associates. Debt claims on the direct investor by the direct investment enterprise are also recorded as direct investment capital.
Direct investment is classified primarily on a directional basis, resident direct investment abroad and non-resident investment in the reporting economy.
Equity capital comprises equity in branches, all shares (whether voting or nonvoting) in subsidiaries and associates (except non-participating, preferred shares that are treated as debt securities and included under other direct investment capital), and other capital contributions. Equity capital also covers the acquisition by a direct investment enterprise of shares in its direct investor.
Reinvested earnings consist of the direct investor’s share (in proportion to direct equity participation) of earnings not distributed as dividends by subsidiaries or associates and earnings of branches not remitted to the direct investor. These reinvested earnings are recorded as income with an offsetting capital transaction.
Other direct investment capital (or intercompany debt transactions) covers the borrowing and lending of funds, including debt securities, suppliers’ credits and non-participating preferred shares (which are treated as debt securities), between direct investors and subsidiaries, branches, and associates. Debt claims on the direct investor by the direct investment enterprise are also recorded as direct investment capital.
Portfolio investment covers transactions in equity and debt securities. Debt securities are subdivided into bonds and notes, money market instruments, and financial derivatives when the derivatives generate financial claims and liabilities. Unless they are categorised either as direct investment or as reserve assets.
A financial derivatives contract is a financial instrument that is linked to another specific financial instrument or indicator or commodity and through which specific financial risks (such as interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk, equity and commodity price risks, credit risks, etc.) can, in their own right, be traded in financial markets.
The other investment item is defined as a residual category that includes all financial transactions not covered in direct investment, portfolio investment, financial derivatives or reserve assets accounts.
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