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Commission Regulation (EC) No 631/2009 of 22 July 2009 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 78/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the type-approval of motor vehicles with regard to the protection of pedestrians and other vulnerable road users, amending Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 2003/102/EC and 2005/66/EC
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For the purposes of this Annex the following definitions shall apply:U.K.
For vehicles having the bonnet top surface inclined at 50°, so that the straight edge makes a continuous contact or multiple contacts rather than a point contact, determine the reference line with the straight edge inclined rearwards at an angle of 40° from the vertical.
For vehicles of such shape that the bottom end of the straight edge makes first contact with the vehicle then that contact is taken to be the bonnet leading edge reference line, at that lateral position.
For vehicles of such shape that the top end of the straight edge makes first contact with the vehicle then the geometric trace of 1 000 mm wrap around distance, will be used as bonnet leading edge reference line at that lateral position.
The top edge of the bumper shall also be regarded as the bonnet leading edge if it is contacted by the straight edge during this procedure;
If the bonnet rear reference line is located at a wrap around distance of more than 2 100 mm, the bonnet rear reference line is defined by the geometric trace of the 2 100 mm wrap around distance. Where the bonnet rear reference line and side reference lines do not intersect, the bonnet rear reference line shall be modified according to the procedure set out in point 2.17;
The template shall be marked up with four points ‘A’ through ‘D’, as shown in Figure 7, while the template is on a flat surface. The template shall be placed on the vehicle with Corners ‘A’ and ‘B’ coincident with the side reference line. Ensuring these two corners remain coincident with the side reference line, the template shall be slid progressively rearwards until the arc of the template makes first contact with the bonnet rear reference line. Throughout the process, the template shall be curved to follow, as closely as possible, the outer contour of the vehicle's bonnet top, without wrinkling or folding of the template. If the contact between the template and bonnet rear reference line is tangential and the point of tangency lies outside the arc scribed by points ‘C’ and ‘D’, then the bonnet rear reference line is extended and/or modified to follow the circumferential arc of the template to meet the side reference line, as shown in Figure 8.
If the template cannot make simultaneous contact with the side reference line at points ‘A’ and ‘B’ and tangentially with the bonnet rear reference line, or the point at which the bonnet rear reference line and template touch lies within the arc scribed by points ‘C’ and ‘D’, then additional templates shall be used where the radii are increased progressively in increments of 20 mm, until all the above criteria are met.
Once defined, the modified bonnet rear reference line is assumed in all subsequent paragraphs and the original ends of the line are no longer used;
For vehicles with an identifiable bumper structure it is defined as the geometric trace of the uppermost points of contact between a straight edge and the bumper, when the straight edge, held parallel to the vertical longitudinal plane of the vehicle and inclined rearwards by 20° to the vertical, is traversed across the front of the vehicle, while maintaining contact with the surface of the bumper (see Figure 13).
For vehicles with no identifiable bumper structure it is defined as the geometric trace of the uppermost points of contact between a straight edge 700 mm long and the bumper, when the straight edge, held parallel to the vertical longitudinal plane of the vehicle and inclined rearwards by 20° to the vertical, is traversed across the front of the vehicle, while maintaining contact with the ground and with the surface of the bumper (see Figure 13).
Where necessary the straight edge shall be shortened to avoid any contact with structures above the bumper;
Where necessary the straight edge shall be shortened to avoid any contact with structures above the frontal protection system;
the structure;
the main dimensions;
the materials of the outer surfaces of the vehicle;
the component arrangement (external or internal);
the method of fixing a frontal protection system, where one is fitted.
For purposes of consideration of frontal protection systems to be approved as separate technical units, any reference to vehicle may be interpreted to refer to the frame on which the system is mounted for testing and which is intended to represent the front end outer dimensions of the particular vehicle for which the system is being approved;
This procedure shall be followed, using appropriate measuring tape lengths, to describe wrap around distances of 900 mm (WAD900), 1 000 mm (WAD1000), 1 700 mm (WAD1700) and 2 100 mm (WAD2100).
Figure 4
Determination of corner reference point; intersection of the bonnet leading edge reference line and the side reference line
Figure 7
Template design and markings used to join bonnet rear reference line and side reference line
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