Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 134/2014Show full title

2. Test for the measurements of maximum torque and maximum net engine power

2.1. Accessories

2.1.1. Accessories to be fitted

During the test, the accessories needed for operation of the engine in the application in question (as set out in Table Ap2.1-1) shall be located on the test bench as far as possible in the position they would occupy for that application.

2.1.2.

Table Ap2.1-1

Accessories to be fitted during the propulsion unit performance test in order to determine torque and net engine power

a If it is difficult to use the standard exhaust system, an exhaust system causing an equivalent pressure drop may be fitted for the test with the agreement of the manufacturer. In the test laboratory when the engine is in operation, the exhaust gas extraction system shall not cause in the extraction flue at the point where it is connected to the vehicle’s exhaust system a pressure differing from atmospheric pressure by ± 740 Pa (7,40 mbar), unless, before the test, the manufacturer accepts a higher back pressure.
b The air inlet flap shall be that which controls the pneumatic inject pump regulator.
c Where a fan or blower may be disengaged, the net engine power shall first of all be stated with the fan (or blower) disengaged, followed by the net engine power with the fan (or blower) engaged. Where a fixed electrically or mechanically-operated fan cannot be fitted on the test bench, the power absorbed by that fan shall be determined at the same rotational speeds as those used when the engine power is measured. That power is deducted from the corrected power in order to obtain the net power.
d The thermostat may be locked in the fully open position.
e The radiator, fan, fan nozzle, water pump and thermostat shall, on the test bench, occupy as far as possible the same position relative to each other as if they were on the vehicle. If the radiator, fan, fan nozzle, water pump or thermostat have a position on the test bench which is different from that on the vehicle, this shall be described and noted in the test report. The liquid coolant shall be circulated solely by the water pump for the engine. It may be cooled either by the engine radiator or by an outside circuit, provided that the pressure drops within that circuit remain substantially the same as those in the engine cooling system. If fitted, the engine blind shall be open.
f Minimum generator output: the generator supplies the current that is strictly needed to supply the accessories that are essential to the operation of the engine. The battery shall not receive any charge during the test.
g Anti-pollution provisions may include, for example, exhaust-gas recirculation (EGR) system, catalytic converter, thermal reactor, secondary air-supply system and fuel-evaporation protecting system.
No	Accessories	Fitted for the torque and net power test
1	Air intake system Induction manifold Air filter Induction silencer Crankcase emission-control system Electrical control device, where fitted	If series-mounted: yes
2	Exhaust system Manifold Pipe worka Silencer Exhaust pipe Electrical control device, where fitted	If series-mounted: yes
3	Carburettor	If series-mounted: yes
4	Fuel injection system Upstream filter Filter Fuel supply pump and high pressure pump if applicable Compressed air pump in the case of DI air assist Pipe work Injector Air inlet flapb, where fitted Fuel pressure / flow regulator, where fitted	If series-mounted: yes
5	Maximum rotational speed-or power governors	If series-mounted: yes
6	Liquid-cooling equipment Radiator Fanc Water Pump Thermostatd	If series-mounted: yese
7	Air cooling Cowl Blower Cooling temperature-regulating device(s) Auxiliary bench blower	If series-mounted: yes
8	Electrical equipment	If series-mounted: yesf
9	Pollution-control devicesg	If series-mounted: yes
9	Lubrication system Oil feeder	If series-mounted: yes

2.1.3. Accessories not to be fitted

Certain vehicle accessories which are needed only for use of the vehicle itself, but which are likely to be mounted on the engine, shall be removed for the tests.

The power absorbed by fixed equipment under no load may be determined and added to the power measured.

2.1.4. The radiator, fan, fan nozzle, water pump and thermostat shall, on the test bench, occupy as far as possible the same position relative to each other as if they were on the vehicle. If the radiator, fan, fan nozzle, water pump or thermostat have a position on the test bench which is different from that on the vehicle, the position on the test bench shall be described and noted in the test report.

2.2. Setting conditions

The conditions applying to settings during the tests to determine maximum torque and maximum net power are set out in Table Ap2.1-2.

Table Ap2.1-2

Setting conditions

1	Setting of carburettor(s)	Setting carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications for series production applied, without any other change, to the use under consideration
2	Setting of fuel injection pump flow-rate
3	Ignition or injection setting (advance curve)
4	(Electronic) Throttle Control
5	Any other rotational speed governor setting
6	(Noise and tailpipe) emission abatement system settings and devices

2.3. Test conditions

2.3.1. The tests to determine maximum torque and maximum net power shall be carried out at full throttle, with the engine equipped as specified in Table Ap2.1-1.

2.3.2. The measurements shall be carried out under normal, stable operating conditions and the air supply to the engine shall be adequate. The engine shall have been run in under the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The combustion chambers may contain deposits, but in limited quantities.

2.3.3. The test conditions selected, such as the temperature of the induction air, shall resemble the reference conditions (see point 3.2.) as closely as possible in order to reduce the correction factor.

2.3.4. The temperature of the engine induction air (ambient air) shall be measured at the most 0,15 m upstream of the air filter inlet or, if there is no filter, 0,15 m from the inlet air trumpet. The thermometer or thermocouple shall be protected against heat radiation and be placed directly in the airstream. It shall also be protected against vaporised fuel. An adequate number of positions shall be used in order to yield a representative average inlet temperature.

2.3.5. No measurement shall be taken until the torque, rate of rotation and temperatures have remained substantially constant for at least 30 seconds.

2.3.6. Once a rate of rotation has been selected for the measurements, its value shall not vary by more than ± 2 %.

2.3.7. Observed brake load and inlet-air temperature data shall be taken simultaneously and shall be the average of two stabilised consecutive values. In the case of the brake load, these values shall not vary by more than 2 %.

2.3.8. Where an automatically triggered device is used to measure rotational speed and consumption, the measurement shall last for at least ten seconds; if the measuring device is manually controlled, that period shall be at least 20 seconds.

2.3.9. The temperature of the liquid coolant recorded at the engine outlet shall be maintained at ± 5 K of the upper thermostat setting temperature specified by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer does not indicate any values, the temperature shall be 353,2 K ± 5 K.

In the case of air-cooled engines, the temperature at a point specified by the manufacturer shall be maintained at + 0/– 20 K of the maximum temperature intended by the manufacturer under the reference conditions.

2.3.10. The fuel temperature shall be measured at the carburettor or injection system inlet and kept within the limits laid down by the manufacturer.

2.3.11. The temperature of the lubricating oil measured in the oil sump or at the outlet from the oil cooler, if fitted, shall be maintained within the limits established by the engine manufacturer.

2.3.12. The outlet temperature of the exhaust gases shall be measured at right angles to the exhaust flange(s) or manifold(s) or orifices.

2.3.13. Test fuel

The test fuel to be used shall be the reference fuel referred to in Appendix 2 of Annex II.

2.4. Test procedure

Measurements shall be taken at a sufficient number of engine speeds to define correctly the complete power curve between the lowest and the highest governed engine speeds recommended by the manufacturer. This range of speeds shall include the speeds of revolution at which the engine produces its maximum torque and at which it produces its maximum power. For each speed, the average of at least two stabilised measurements is to be determined.

2.5. The data to be recorded shall be those set out in the template of the test report referred to in Article 32(1) of Regulation (EU) No 168/2013