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Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 134/2014Show full title

Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 134/2014 of 16 December 2013 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to environmental and propulsion unit performance requirements and amending Annex V thereof (Text with EEA relevance)

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  1. Introductory Text

  2. CHAPTER I SUBJECT MATTER AND DEFINITIONS

    1. Article 1.Subject matter

    2. Article 2.Definitions

  3. CHAPTER II OBLIGATIONS OF THE MANUFACTURER REGARDING THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF VEHICLES

    1. Article 3.Fitting and demonstration requirements related to the environmental performance of L-category vehicles

    2. Article 4.Application of UNECE regulations

    3. Article 5.Technical specifications, requirements and test procedures with respect to the environmental performance of L-category vehicles

    4. Article 6.Test type I requirements: tailpipe emissions after cold start

    5. Article 7.Test type II requirements: tailpipe emissions at (increased) idle and at free acceleration

    6. Article 8.Test type III requirements: emissions of crankcase gases

    7. Article 9.Test type IV requirements: evaporative emissions

    8. Article 10.Test type V requirements: durability of pollution-control devices

    9. Article 11.Test type VII requirements: CO2 emissions, fuel consumption, electric energy consumption or electric range

    10. Article 12.Test type VIII requirements: OBD environmental tests

    11. Article 13.Test type IX requirements: sound level

  4. CHAPTER III OBLIGATIONS OF MANUFACTURERS REGARDING THE PROPULSION PERFORMANCE OF VEHICLES

    1. Article 14.General obligations

    2. Article 15.Propulsion performance requirements

  5. CHAPTER IV OBLIGATIONS OF THE MEMBER STATES

    1. Article 16.Type-approval of L-category vehicles, their systems, components or separate technical units

    2. Article 17.Type-approval of replacement pollution-control devices

  6. CHAPTER V FINAL PROVISIONS

    1. Article 18.Amendment of Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 168/2013

    2. Article 19.Entry into force

  7. Signature

    1. LIST OF ANNEXES

      1. ANNEX I

        1. Explanatory note:

      2. ANNEX II

        Test type I requirements: tailpipe emissions after cold start

        1. 1. Introduction

          1. 1.1. This Annex sets out the procedure for type I testing,...

          2. 1.2. This Annex provides a harmonised method for the determination of...

          3. 1.1.1. The ‘WMTC stage 1’ was introduced in EU type-approval legislation...

          4. 1.1.2. The ‘WMTC stage 2’ is equal to ‘WMTC stage 1’...

          5. 1.1.3. The ‘revised WMTC’ or ‘WMTC stage 3’ is equal to...

          6. 1.2. The results may form the basis for limiting gaseous pollutants,...

        2. 2. General requirements

          1. 2.1. The components liable to affect the emission of gaseous pollutants,...

          2. 2.2. Any hidden strategy that ‘optimises’ the powertrain of the vehicle...

        3. 3. Performance requirements

        4. 4. Test conditions

          1. 4.1. Test room and soak area

            1. 4.1.1. Test room

            2. 4.1.2. Soak area

          2. 4.2. Test vehicle

            1. 4.2.1. General

            2. 4.2.2. Run-in

            3. 4.2.3. Adjustments

            4. 4.2.4. Test mass and load distribution

            5. 4.2.5. Tyres

          3. 4.3. L-category vehicle sub-classification

            1. 4.3.1. Class 1

            2. 4.3.2. Class 2

            3. 4.3.3. Class 3

            4. 4.3.4. WMTC, test cycle parts

          4. 4.4. Specification of the reference fuel

          5. 4.5. Type I test

            1. 4.5.1. Driver

            2. 4.5.2. Test bench specifications and settings

              1. 4.5.2.1. The dynamometer shall have a single roller for two-wheel L-category...

              2. 4.5.2.2. The dynamometer shall be equipped with a roller revolution counter...

              3. 4.5.2.3. Dynamometer flywheels or other means shall be used to simulate...

              4. 4.5.2.4. The dynamometer rollers shall be clean, dry and free from...

              5. 4.5.2.5. Cooling fan specifications as follows:

              6. 4.5.2.6. The detailed requirements regarding test bench specifications are listed in...

            3. 4.5.3. Exhaust gas measurement system

              1. 4.5.3.1. The gas-collection device shall be a closed-type device that can...

              2. 4.5.3.2. A connecting tube shall be placed between the device and...

              3. 4.5.3.3. A heat exchanger capable of limiting the temperature variation of...

              4. 4.5.3.4. A positive displacement pump shall be used to draw in...

              5. 4.5.3.5. A device (T) shall be used for the continuous recording...

              6. 4.5.3.6. Two gauges shall be used, the first to ensure the...

              7. 4.5.3.7. A probe shall be located near to, but outside, the...

              8. 4.5.3.8. A sample probe pointed upstream into the dilute exhaust mixture...

              9. 4.5.3.9. Three-way valves shall be used on the sampling system described...

              10. 4.5.3.10. Gas-tight collection bags

                1. 4.5.3.10.1. For dilution air and dilute exhaust mixture the collection bags...

                2. 4.5.3.10.2. The bags shall have an automatic self-locking device and shall...

              11. 4.5.3.11. A revolution counter shall be used to count the revolutions...

              12. 4.5.3.12. Particulate mass emissions measurement equipment

                1. 4.5.3.12.1 Specification

                  1. 4.5.3.12.1.1. System overview

                    1. 4.5.3.12.1.1.1. The particulate sampling unit shall consist of a sampling probe...

                    2. 4.5.3.12.1.1.2. It is recommended that a particle size pre-classifier (e.g. cyclone...

                  2. 4.5.3.12.1.2. General requirements

                    1. 4.5.3.12.1.2.1. The sampling probe for the test gas flow for particulates...

                    2. 4.5.3.12.1.2.2. The particulate sample flow rate shall be proportional to the...

                    3. 4.5.3.12.1.2.3. The sampled dilute exhaust gas shall be maintained at a...

                    4. 4.5.3.12.1.2.4. The particulate sample shall be collected on a single filter...

                    5. 4.5.3.12.1.2.5. All parts of the dilution system and the sampling system...

                    6. 4.5.3.12.1.2.6. If it is not possible to compensate for variations in...

                  3. 4.5.3.12.1.3. Specific requirements

                    1. 4.5.3.12.1.3.1. Particulate matter (PM) sampling probe

                      1. 4.5.3.12.1.3.1.1. The sample probe shall deliver the particle-size classification performance described...

                      2. 4.5.3.12.1.3.1.2. The sample probe shall be installed near the tunnel centreline...

                      3. 4.5.3.12.1.3.1.3. The distance from the sampling tip to the filter mount...

                      4. 4.5.3.12.1.3.1.4. The pre-classifier (e.g. cyclone, impactor, etc.) shall be located upstream...

                    2. 4.5.3.12.1.3.2. Sample pump and flow meter

                      1. 4.5.3.12.1.3.2.1. The sample gas flow measurement unit shall consist of pumps,...

                      2. 4.5.3.12.1.3.2.2. The temperature of the gas flow in the flow meter...

                    3. 4.5.3.12.1.3.3. Filter and filter holder

                      1. 4.5.3.12.1.3.3.1. A valve shall be located downstream of the filter in...

                      2. 4.5.3.12.1.3.3.2. It is recommended that the mass collected on the 47 mm...

                      3. 4.5.3.12.1.3.3.3. For a given test, the gas filter face velocity shall...

                      4. 4.5.3.12.1.3.3.4. Fluorocarbon coated glass fibre filters or fluorocarbon membrane filters are...

                      5. 4.5.3.12.1.3.3.5. The filter holder assembly shall be of a design that...

                    4. 4.5.3.12.1.3.4. Filter weighing chamber and balance

                      1. 4.5.3.12.1.3.4.1. The microgram balance used to determine the weight of a...

                      2. 4.5.3.12.1.3.4.2. Buoyancy correction

                      3. 4.5.3.12.1.3.4.3. The effects of static electricity shall be nullified. This may...

                      4. 4.5.3.12.1.3.4.4. A test filter shall be removed from the chamber no...

                  4. 4.5.3.12.1.4. Recommended system description

            4. 4.5.4. Driving schedules

              1. 4.5.4.1. Test cycles

              2. 4.5.4.2. Vehicle speed tolerances

                1. 4.5.4.2.1. The vehicle speed tolerance at any given time on the...

                2. 4.5.4.2.2. If the acceleration capability of the vehicle is not sufficient...

                3. 4.5.4.2.3. If the period of deceleration is shorter than that prescribed...

                4. 4.5.4.2.4. Apart from these exceptions, the deviations of the roller speed...

            5. 4.5.5. Gearshift prescriptions for the WMTC prescribed in Appendix 6

              1. 4.5.5.1. Test vehicles with automatic transmission

                1. 4.5.5.1.1. Vehicles equipped with transfer cases, multiple sprockets, etc., shall be...

                2. 4.5.5.1.2. All tests shall be conducted with automatic transmissions in ‘Drive’...

                3. 4.5.5.1.3. Idle modes shall be run with automatic transmissions in ‘Drive’...

                4. 4.5.5.1.4. Automatic transmissions shall shift automatically through the normal sequence of...

                5. 4.5.5.1.5. The deceleration modes shall be run in gear using brakes...

              2. 4.5.5.2. Test vehicles with manual transmission

                1. 4.5.5.2.1 Mandatory requirements

                  1. 4.5.5.2.1.1. Step 1 — Calculation of shift speeds

                  2. 4.5.5.2.1.2. Downshift speeds (vi→i-1) in km/h during cruise or deceleration phases...

                  3. 4.5.5.2.1.3. Step 2 — Gear choice for each cycle sample

                2. 4.5.5.2.3. Step 3 — Corrections according to additional requirements

                  1. 4.5.5.2.3.1. The gear choice shall be modified according to the following...

                3. 4.5.5.2.2. Optional provisions

                4. 4.5.5.2.3. Optional provisions

            6. 4.5.6. Dynamometer settings

              1. 4.5.6.1. Chassis dynamometer setting derived from on-road coast-down measurements

                1. 4.5.6.1.1. Requirements for the equipment

                2. 4.5.6.1.2. Inertia mass setting

                  1. 4.5.6.1.2.1. The equivalent inertia mass mi for the chassis dynamometer shall...

                  2. 4.5.6.1.2.2. If the reference mass mref cannot be equalised to the...

              2. 4.5.6.2. Running resistance force derived from a running resistance table

                1. 4.5.6.2.1. The chassis dynamometer may be set by the use of...

                2. 4.5.6.2.2. The flywheel equivalent inertia mass mfi shall be the equivalent...

                3. 4.5.6.2.3 The running resistance force on the chassis dynamometer FE shall...

                4. 4.5.6.2.4. The target running resistance force F* shall be equal to...

            7. 4.5.7. Measurement accuracies

        5. 5. Test procedures

          1. 5.1. Description of the type I test

            1. 5.1.1. Type I test (verifying the average emission of gaseous pollutants,...

              1. 5.1.1.1. The test shall be carried out by the method described...

              2. 5.1.1.2. Number of tests

                1. 5.1.1.2.1. The number of tests shall be determined as shown in...

                2. 5.1.1.2.2. In each test, the masses of the carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons,...

          2. 5.2. Type I tests

            1. 5.2.1. Overview

              1. 5.2.1.1. The type I test consists of prescribed sequences of dynamometer...

              2. 5.2.1.2. The test is designed to determine hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, oxides...

              3. 5.2.1.3. Except in cases of component malfunction or failure, all emission-control...

              4. 5.2.1.4. Background concentrations are measured for all emission constituents for which...

              5. 5.2.1.5. Background particulate mass measurement

            2. 5.2.2. Dynamometer settings and verification

              1. 5.2.2.1. Test vehicle preparation

                1. 5.2.2.1.1. The manufacturer shall provide additional fittings and adapters, as required...

                2. 5.2.2.1.2. The tyre pressures shall be adjusted to the manufacturer’s specifications...

                3. 5.2.2.1.3. The test vehicle shall be warmed up on the chassis...

              2. 5.2.2.2. Dynamometer preparation, if settings are derived from on-road coast-down measurements...

                1. 5.2.2.2.1. Motoring by chassis dynamometer

                2. 5.2.2.2.2. Coast-down without absorption

                3. 5.2.2.2.3. Total friction loss

                4. 5.2.2.2.4. Calculation of power-absorption unit force

                5. 5.2.2.2.5. Chassis dynamometer setting

                  1. 5.2.2.2.5.1. Chassis dynamometer with polygonal function

                  2. 5.2.2.2.5.2. Chassis dynamometer with coefficient control

                  3. 5.2.2.2.5.3. Chassis dynamometer with F* polygonal digital setter

                  4. 5.2.2.2.5.4. Chassis dynamometer with f* 0, f* 2 coefficient digital setter...

                6. 5.2.2.2.6. Dynamometer settings verification

                  1. 5.2.2.2.6.1. Verification test

                  2. 5.2.2.2.6.2. Calculation of setting error

              3. 5.2.2.3. Dynamometer preparation, if settings are derived from a running resistance...

                1. 5.2.2.3.1. The specified vehicle speed for the chassis dynamometer

                2. 5.2.2.3.2. Verification of chassis dynamometer

                  1. 5.2.2.3.2.1. Immediately after the initial setting, the coast-down time on the...

                  2. 5.2.2.3.2.2. The measurement shall be carried out at least three times,...

                  3. 5.2.2.3.2.3. The set running resistance force FE(vj) at the specified speed...

                  4. 5.2.2.3.2.4. The setting error ε at the specified speed is calculated...

                  5. 5.2.2.3.2.5. The chassis dynamometer shall be readjusted if the setting error...

                  6. 5.2.2.3.2.6. The procedure described in points 5.2.2.3.2.1. to 5.2.2.3.2.5. shall be...

              4. 5.2.2.4. The chassis dynamometer system shall comply with the calibration and...

            3. 5.2.3. Calibration of analysers

              1. 5.2.3.1. The quantity of gas at the indicated pressure compatible with...

              2. 5.2.3.2. Non-dispersive infrared absorption analysers shall be checked at the same...

              3. 5.2.3.3. To calibrate the NOX chemiluminescence analyser, nitrogen/nitrogen oxide (NO) mixtures...

              4. 5.2.3.4. Heated flame ionisation detector (FID) (analyser) hydrocarbon response check procedure...

                1. 5.2.3.4.1. Detector response optimisation

                2. 5.2.3.4.2. Calibration of the hydrocarbon analyser

                3. 5.2.3.4.3. Response factors of different hydrocarbons and recommended limits

              5. 5.2.3.5. Calibration and verification procedures of the particulate mass emissions measurement...

                1. 5.2.3.5.1. Flow meter calibration

                2. 5.2.3.5.2. Microbalance calibration

                3. 5.2.3.5.3. Reference filter weighing

                  1. Figure 1-6 Particulate sampling probe configuration

              6. 5.2.3.6. Reference gases

                1. 5.2.3.6.1. Pure gases

                2. 5.2.3.6.2. Calibration and span gases

              7. 5.2.3.6. Calibration and verification of the dilution system

            4. 5.2.4. Test vehicle preconditioning

              1. 5.2.4.1. The test vehicle shall be moved to the test area...

              2. 5.2.4.2. Practice runs over the prescribed driving schedule may be performed...

              3. 5.2.4.3. Within five minutes of completion of preconditioning, the test vehicle...

              4. 5.2.4.4. For the purpose of measuring particulates, between six and 36...

              5. 5.2.4.5. At the request of the manufacturer, vehicles fitted with indirect...

              6. 5.2.4.6. Vehicles equipped with a positive-ignition engine, fuelled with LPG, NG/biomethane,...

            5. 5.2.5. Emissions tests

              1. 5.2.5.1. Engine starting and restarting

                1. 5.2.5.1.1. The engine shall be started according to the manufacturer’s recommended...

                2. 5.2.5.1.2. Test vehicles equipped with automatic chokes shall be operated according...

                3. 5.2.5.1.3. Test vehicles equipped with manual chokes shall be operated according...

                4. 5.2.5.1.4. The operator may use the choke, throttle, etc. where necessary...

                5. 5.2.5.1.5. If the manufacturer’s operating instructions or owner’s manual do not...

                6. 5.2.5.1.6. If, during the cold start, the test vehicle does not...

                7. 5.2.5.1.7. If failure to start is an operational error, the test...

                8. 5.2.5.1.8. If the test vehicle does not start during the hot...

                9. 5.2.5.1.9. If the engine ‘false starts’, the operator shall repeat the...

              2. 5.2.5.2. Stalling

                1. 5.2.5.2.1. If the engine stalls during an idle period, it shall...

                2. 5.2.5.2.2. If the engine stalls during some operating mode other than...

                3. 5.2.5.2.3. If the test vehicle will not restart within one minute,...

            6. 5.2.6. Drive instructions

              1. 5.2.6.1. The test vehicle shall be driven with minimum throttle movement...

              2. 5.2.6.2. If the test vehicle cannot accelerate at the specified rate,...

            7. 5.2.7. Dynamometer test runs

              1. 5.2.7.1. The complete dynamometer test consists of consecutive parts as described...

              2. 5.2.7.2. The following steps shall be taken for each test:

        6. 6. Analysis of results

          1. 6.1. Type I tests

            1. 6.1.1. Exhaust emission and fuel consumption analysis

              1. 6.1.1.1. Analysis of the samples contained in the bags

              2. 6.1.1.2. Calibration of analysers and concentration results

              3. 6.1.1.3. Measuring the distance covered

              4. 6.1.1.4. Determination of the quantity of gas emitted

                1. 6.1.1.4.1. Total volume of diluted gas

                2. 6.1.1.4.2. Hydrocarbons (HC)

                3. 6.1.1.4.3. Carbon monoxide (CO)

                4. 6.1.1.4.4. Nitrogen oxides (NOx)

                5. 6.1.1.4.5. Particulate matter mass

                6. 6.1.1.4.6. Carbon dioxide (CO2)

                7. 6.1.1.4.7. Dilution factor (DF)

              5. 6.1.1.5. Weighting of type I test results

                1. 6.1.1.5.1. With repeated measurements (see point 5.1.1.2.), the pollutant (mg/km), and...

                  1. 6.1.1.5.1.1 Weighting of results from UNECE regulation No 40 and regulation...

                  2. 6.1.1.5.1.2 Weighting of WMTC results

              6. 6.1.1.6.2. For each pollutant emission constituent, the carbon dioxide emission weightings...

                1. 6.1.1.6.2.1. Table 1-9 Type I test cycles (also applicable for test...

                2. 6.1.1.6.2.2. Table 1-10 Type I test cycles (also applicable for test...

        7. 7. Records required

        8. Appendix 1

          Symbols used in Annex II

          1. Table Ap 1-1 Symbols used in Annex II

        9. Appendix 2

          Reference fuels

          1. 1. Specifications of reference fuels for testing vehicles in environmental tests,...

            1. 1.1. The following tables list the technical data on liquid reference...

        10. Appendix 3

          Chassis dynamometer system

          1. 1. Specification

            1. 1.1. General requirements

              1. 1.1.1. The dynamometer shall be capable of simulating road load within...

              2. 1.1.2. Dynamometers with electric inertia simulation shall be demonstrated to be...

              3. 1.1.3. Where the total resistance to progress on the road cannot...

              4. 1.1.3.1. The load absorbed by the brake and the chassis dynamometer...

            2. 1.2. Specific requirements

              1. 1.2.1. The setting of the dynamometer shall not be affected by...

              2. 1.2.2. The chassis dynamometer may have one roller or two rollers...

              3. 1.2.3. It shall be possible to measure and read the indicated...

              4. 1.2.4. In the case of a dynamometer with a fixed load...

              5. 1.2.5. The total inertia of the rotating parts (including the simulated...

              6. 1.2.6. The speed of the vehicle shall be measured by the...

          2. 2. Dynamometer calibration procedure

            1. 2.1. Introduction

            2. 2.2. Calibration of the load indicator at 80 km/h or of the...

              1. 2.2.1. Measure the rotational speed of the roller if this has...

              2. 2.2.2. Place the vehicle on the dynamometer or devise some other...

              3. 2.2.3. Use the flywheel or any other system of inertia simulation...

              4. 2.2.4. Bring the dynamometer to a vehicle speed of 80 km/h or...

              5. 2.2.5. Note the load indicated Fi (N).

              6. 2.2.6. Bring the dynamometer to a speed of 90 km/h or to...

              7. 2.2.7. Disconnect the device used to start up the dynamometer.

              8. 2.2.8. Note the time taken by the dynamometer to pass from...

              9. 2.2.9. Set the power-absorption device at a different level.

              10. 2.2.10. The requirements of points 2.2.4. to 2.2.9. shall be repeated...

              11. 2.2.11. Calculate the load absorbed using the formula:

              12. 2.2.12. Figure Ap3-2 shows the load indicated at 80 km/h in terms...

              13. 2.2.13. The requirements laid down in points 2.2.3. to 2.2.12. shall...

            3. 2.3. Calibration of the load indicator at other speeds

            4. 2.4. Calibration of force or torque

          3. 3. Verification of the load curve

            1. 3.1. Procedure

          4. 4 Verification of simulated inertia

            1. 4.1. Object

            2. 4.2. Principle

              1. 4.2.1. Drawing-up working equations

              2. 4.2.2. Specification for the calculation of total inertia

            3. 4.3. Specification

              1. 4.3.1. The mass of the simulated total inertia I shall remain...

            4. 4.4. Verification procedure

              1. 4.4.1. Verification is carried out during each test throughout the test...

              2. 4.4.2. However, if the requirements laid down in point 4.3. are...

        11. Appendix 4

          Exhaust dilution system

          1. 1. System specification

            1. 1.1. System overview

            2. 1.2. General requirements

              1. 1.2.1. The vehicle exhaust gases shall be diluted with a sufficient...

              2. 1.2.2. The mixture of air and exhaust gases shall be homogeneous...

              3. 1.2.3. The system shall enable the total volume of the diluted...

              4. 1.2.4. The sampling system shall be gas-tight. The design of the...

              5. 1.2.5. All parts of the dilution system that are in contact...

              6. 1.2.6. If the vehicle being tested is equipped with an exhaust...

              7. 1.2.7. The variable-dilution system shall be designed so as to enable...

              8. 1.2.8. The connecting tube between the vehicle and dilution system shall...

            3. 1.3. Specific requirements

              1. 1.3.1. Connection to vehicle exhaust

              2. 1.3.2. Dilution air conditioning

              3. 1.3.3. Dilution tunnel

              4. 1.3.4. Suction device

              5. 1.3.5. Volume measurement in the primary dilution system

            4. 1.4. Recommended system descriptions

              1. 1.4.1. Full-flow dilution system with positive displacement pump

              2. 1.4.2. Full-flow dilution system with critical-flow venturi

          2. 2. CVS calibration procedure

            1. 2.1. General requirements

              1. 2.1.1. Various types of flow-meter may be used, e.g. calibrated venturi,...

              2. 2.1.2. The following points give details of methods of calibrating PDP...

            2. 2.2. Calibration of the positive displacement pump (PDP)

              1. 2.2.1. The following calibration procedure outlines the equipment, the test configuration...

              2. 2.2.2. This calibration procedure is based on the measurement of the...

              3. 2.2.3. During an exhaust emission test, the measurement of these same...

              4. 2.2.4. Figure Ap 4-3 of this Appendix shows one possible test...

              5. 2.2.5. After the system has been connected as shown in Figure...

              6. 2.2.6. Reset the restrictor valve to a more restricted condition in...

              7. 2.2.7. The air flow rate (Qs) at each test point is...

              8. 2.2.8. The air flow-rate is then converted to pump flow (V0)...

              9. 2.2.9. To compensate for the interaction of pump speed pressure variations...

                1. 2.2.9.1. A linear least-square fit is performed to generate the calibration...

              10. 2.2.10. A CVS system that has multiple speeds shall be calibrated...

              11. 2.2.11 If the calibration has been performed carefully, the calculated values...

            3. 2.3. Calibration of the critical-flow venturi (CFV)

              1. 2.3.1. Calibration of the CFV is based on the flow equation...

              2. 2.3.2. The manufacturer’s recommended procedure shall be followed for calibrating electronic...

              3. 2.3.3. Measurements for flow calibration of the critical-flow venturi are required...

              4. 2.3.4. The equipment shall be set up as shown in Figure...

              5. 2.3.5. The variable-flow restrictor shall be set to the open position,...

              6. 2.3.6. The flow restrictor shall be varied and at least eight...

              7. 2.3.7. The data recorded during the calibration shall be used in...

          3. 3. System verification procedure

            1. 3.1. General requirements

            2. 3.2. CFO method

              1. 3.2.1. Metering a constant flow of pure gas (CO or C3H8)...

              2. 3.2.2. A known quantity of pure gas (CO or C3H8) is...

            3. 3.3. Gravimetric method

              1. 3.3.1. Metering a limited quantity of pure gas (CO or C3H8)...

              2. 3.3.2. The following gravimetric procedure may be used to verify the...

        12. Appendix 5

          Classification of equivalent inertia mass and running resistance

          1. 1. The chassis dynamometer can be set using the running resistance...

          2. 2. The flywheel equivalent inertia mass mref shall be the equivalent...

        13. Appendix 6

          Driving cycles for type I tests

          1. (1) UNECE Regulation No 47 (ECE R47)-based test cycle

            1. 1. Description of the ECE R47 test cycle

            2. 2. The following elementary cycle characteristic in the shape of the...

            3. 3. ECE R47 test cycle tolerances

          2. (2) UNECE Regulation No 40 (ECE R40)-based driving cycle

            1. 1. Description of the test cycle

            2. 2. The following cycle characteristic dynamometer-roller speed profile versus test time...

              1. 2.1 Table Ap6-2 ECE R40 elementary urban cycle characteristic, vehicle speed...

            3. 3. ECE R40 test cycle tolerances

            4. 4. Generic applicable ECE R40 and R47 test cycle tolerances

              1. 4.1. A tolerance of 1 km/h over or under the theoretical speed...

              2. 4.2. The distance driven during the cycle shall be measured to...

              3. 4.3. If the acceleration capability of the L-category vehicle is not...

              4. 4.4. If the period of deceleration is shorter than that prescribed...

            5. 5. Sampling of the exhaust flow of the vehicle in the...

              1. 5.1. Check of back-pressure from sampling device

              2. 5.2. Sampling shall start as of t=0 just before cranking and...

              3. 5.3. The combustion engine shall be started up by means of...

              4. 5.4. The sampling bags shall be hermetically closed as soon as...

              5. 5.5. At the end of the test cycle, the system for...

            6. 6. Gearshift procedures

              1. 6.1. The ECE R47 test shall be conducted using the gearshift...

              2. 6.2. The ECE R40 test shall be conducted using the gearshift...

          3. (3) World Harmonised Motorcycle Test Cycle (WMTC), stage 2

            1. 1. Description of the test cycle

              1. 1.1. The WMTC stage 2 includes the same vehicle speed trace...

            2. 2. WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1

              1. 2.1 The WMTC stage 2 includes the same vehicle speed trace...

                1. 2.2.1. Table Ap6-3 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1, reduced speed...

                2. 2.2.2. Table Ap6-4 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1, reduced speed...

                3. 2.2.3. Table Ap6-5 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1, reduced speed...

                4. 2.2.4. Table Ap6-6 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1, reduced speed...

                5. 2.2.5. Table Ap6-7 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1 for vehicle...

                6. 2.2.6. Table Ap6-8 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1 for vehicle...

                7. 2.2.7. Table Ap6-9 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1 for vehicle...

                8. 2.2.8 Table Ap6-10 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 1 for vehicle...

            3. 3. WMTC stage 2, part 2

              1. 3.1. The WMTC stage 2 includes the same vehicle speed trace...

                1. 3.1.1. Table Ap6-11 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2, reduced speed...

                2. 3.1.2. Table Ap6-12 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2, reduced speed...

                3. 3.1.3. Table Ap6-13 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2, reduced speed...

                4. 3.1.4. Table Ap6-14 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2, reduced speed...

                5. 3.1.5. Table Ap6-15 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2 for vehicle...

                6. 3.1.6. Table Ap6-16 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2 for vehicle...

                7. 3.1.7. Table Ap6-17 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2 for vehicle...

                8. 3.1.8. Table Ap6-18 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 2 for vehicle...

            4. 4. WMTC stage 2, part 3

              1. 4.1 The WMTC stage 2 includes the same vehicle speed trace...

                1. 4.1.1. Table Ap6-19 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3, reduced speed...

                2. 4.1.2. Table Ap6-20 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3, reduced speed...

                3. 4.1.3. Table Ap6-21 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3, reduced speed...

                4. 4.1.4. Table Ap6-22 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3, reduced speed...

                5. 4.1.5. Table Ap6-23 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3 for vehicle...

                6. 4.1.6. Table Ap6-24 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3 for vehicle...

                7. 4.1.7. Table Ap6-25 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3 for vehicle...

                8. 4.1.8. Table Ap6-26 WMTC stage 2, cycle part 3 for vehicle...

          4. (4) World Harmonised Motorcycle Test Cycle (WMTC) stage 3 (Revised WMTC)...

            1. 1. Description of the WMTC stage 3 test cycle for L3e,...

            2. 2. Description of the WMTC stage 3 for L1e-A, L1e-B, L2e,...

              1. 2.1 The cold and warm vehicle speed traces are identical.

            3. 3. Description of the WMTC stage 3 for L1e-A, L1e-B, L2e,...

              1. 3.1. The vehicle speed trace WMTC stage 3 shown in Figure...

              2. 3.2. The characteristic driving conditions (idling, acceleration, steady speed, deceleration, etc.)...

                1. 3.2.1. Table Ap6-27 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                2. 3.2.2. Table Ap6-28 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                3. 3.2.3. Table Ap6-29 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                4. 3.2.4. Table Ap6-30 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                5. 3.2.5. Table Ap6-31 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                6. 3.2.6. Table Ap6-32 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                7. 3.2.7. Table Ap6-33 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

                8. 3.2.8. Table Ap6-34 WMTC stage 3, part 1, class 1, applicable...

        14. Appendix 7

          Road tests of L-category vehicles equipped with one wheel on the driven axle or with twinned wheels for the determination of test bench settings

          1. 1. Requirements for the rider

            1. 1.1. The rider shall wear a well-fitting (one-piece) suit or similar...

            2. 1.2. The rider, dressed and equipped as described in point 1.1.,...

            3. 1.3. The rider shall be seated on the seat provided, with...

          2. 2. Requirement for the road and ambient conditions

            1. 2.1. The test road shall be flat, level, straight and smoothly...

            2. 2.2. During data collecting periods, the wind shall be steady. The...

            3. 2.3. The ambient conditions shall be within the following limits:

            4. 2.4. Standard ambient conditions shall be as follows:

            5. 2.5. The relative air density when the vehicle is tested, calculated...

            6. 2.6. The relative air density, dT, shall be calculated using the...

          3. 3. Condition of the test vehicle

            1. 3.1. The test vehicle shall comply with the conditions described in...

            2. 3.2. When installing the measuring instruments on the test vehicle, care...

            3. 3.3. Checks

          4. 4. Specified coast-down speeds

            1. 4.1. The coast-down times must be measured between v1 and v2...

            2. 4.2. Table Ap7-1 Coast-down time measurement beginning speed and ending speed...

            3. 4.3. When the running resistance is verified in accordance with point...

          5. 5. Measurement of coast-down time

            1. 5.1. After a warm-up period, the vehicle shall be accelerated to...

            2. 5.2. Since shifting the transmission to neutral can be dangerous and...

            3. 5.3. The vehicle steering shall be altered as little as possible...

            4. 5.4. The first coast-down time Δtai corresponding to the specified speed...

            5. 5.5. The procedure described in points 5.1. to 5.4. shall be...

            6. 5.6. The average Δti of the two coast-down times Δtai and...

            7. 5.7. At least four tests shall be performed and the average...

            8. 5.8. Tests shall be performed until the statistical accuracy P is...

            9. 5.9. In repeating the test, care shall be taken to start...

            10. 5.10. The coast-down times for multiple specified speeds may be measured...

            11. 5.11. The coast-down time shall be recorded. A specimen record form...

          6. 6. Data processing

            1. 6.1. Calculation of running resistance force

              1. 6.1.1. The running resistance force Fj, in Newton, at the specified...

              2. 6.1.2. The running resistance force Fj shall be corrected in accordance...

            2. 6.2. Running resistance curve fitting

              1. 6.2.1. The following equation shall be fitted to the data set...

              2. 6.2.2. The coefficients f0 and f2 thus determined shall be corrected...

            3. 6.3. Target running resistance force F* for chassis dynamometer setting

        15. Appendix 8

          Road tests of L-category vehicles equipped with two or more wheels on the powered axles for the determination of test bench settings

          1. 1. Preparation of the vehicle

            1. 1.1. Running-in

            2. 1.2. Checks

            3. 1.3. Preparation for the test

              1. 1.3.1. The test vehicle shall be loaded to its test mass...

              2. 1.3.2. The windows of the vehicle shall be closed. Any covers...

              3. 1.3.3. The test vehicle shall be clean, properly maintained and used....

              4. 1.3.4. Immediately before the test, the vehicle shall be brought to...

              5. 1.3.5. When installing the measuring instruments on the test vehicle, care...

          2. 2. Specified vehicle speed v

          3. 3. Energy variation during coast-down procedure

            1. 3.1. Total road load power determination

              1. 3.1.1. Measurement equipment and accuracy

              2. 3.1.2. Test procedure

                1. 3.1.2.1. Accelerate the vehicle to a speed of 5 km/h greater than...

                2. 3.1.2.2. Put the gearbox to neutral or disconnect the power supply....

                3. 3.1.2.3. Measure the time t1 taken by the vehicle to decelerate...

                4. 3.1.2.4. Carry out the same test in the opposite direction, measuring...

                5. 3.1.2.5. Take the average ti of the two times t1 and...

                6. 3.1.2.6. Repeat these tests until the statistical accuracy (p) of the...

                7. 3.1.2.7. Calculation of the running resistance force

                8. 3.1.2.8. The running resistance determined on the track shall be corrected...

            2. 3.2. Setting of the chassis dynamometer

              1. 3.2.1. Measurement equipment and accuracy

              2. 3.2.2. Test procedure

                1. 3.2.2.1. Install the vehicle on the chassis dynamometer.

                2. 3.2.2.2. Adjust the tyre pressure (cold) of the driving wheels as...

                3. 3.2.2.3. Adjust the equivalent inertia mass of the chassis dynamometer, in...

                4. 3.2.2.4. Bring the vehicle and the chassis dynamometer to the stabilised...

                5. 3.2.2.5. Carry out the operations specified in point 3.1.2., with the...

                6. 3.2.2.6. Adjust the brake to reproduce the corrected running resistance (see...

                7. 3.2.2.7. The power Pa to be absorbed by the bench shall...

        16. Appendix 9

          Explanatory note on the gearshift procedure for a type I test

          1. 0. Introduction

          2. 1. Approach

            1. 1.1. The development of the gearshift procedure was based on an...

            2. 1.2. In a second step, the end speeds (vehicle speed as...

            3. 1.3. The results of these analyses and calculations can be summarised...

            4. 1.4. In order to find a balanced compromise between the three...

          3. 2. Calculation example

            1. 2.1 Figure Ap 9-1 shows an example of gearshift use for...

            2. 2.2 Where vehicle speed increases gradually during cruise phases, upshift speeds...

          4. 3. Phase indicators

            1. 3.1 In order to avoid different interpretations in the application of...

            2. 3.2 The indicators were then modified in order to avoid frequent...

          5. 4. Calculation example

            1. 4.1. An example of input data necessary for the calculation of...

            2. 4.2. The downshift speeds for deceleration phases can be calculated using...

            3. 4.3. Additional analyses and calculations were conducted to investigate whether these...

            4. 4.3.1. Table Ap9-2 Input data for the calculation of engine and...

            5. 4.3.2. Table Ap9-3 Shift speeds for acceleration phases for first gear...

            6. 4.3.3. Table Ap9-4 Engine and vehicle shift speeds based on Table...

        17. Appendix 10

          Type-approval tests of a replacement pollution-control device type for L-category vehicles as separate technical units

          1. 1. Scope of the Appendix

          2. 2. Definitions

          3. 3. Application for environmental performance type-approval

            1. 3.1. Applications for type-approval of a type of replacement pollution-control device...

            2. 3.2. A model for the information document is referred to in...

            3. 3.3. For each type of replacement pollution-control device for which approval...

            4. 3.4. The following shall be submitted to the technical service responsible...

          4. 4. Requirements

            1. 4.1. General requirements

            2. 4.2. Requirements regarding emissions

              1. 4.2.1. The vehicle referred to in point 3.4.1, equipped with a...

              2. 4.2.2. Requirements regarding permissible sound level

            3. 4.3. Testing of the propulsion performance of the vehicle

              1. 4.3.1. The replacement pollution-control device type shall be such as to...

              2. 4.3.2. The propulsion performance of the vehicle equipped with the replacement...

              3. 4.3.3. This test is carried out according to the applicable procedure...

        18. Appendix 11

          Type I test procedure for hybrid L-category vehicles

          1. 1. Introduction

            1. 1.1. This Appendix defines the specific provisions regarding type-approval of hybrid...

            2. 1.2. In principle, for the environmental type I to IX tests,...

            3. 1.3. For the type I and type VII tests, off-vehicle charging...

            4. 1.4. The emissions test results shall comply with the limits set-out...

          2. 2. Categories of hybrid vehicles

          3. 3. Type I test methods

            1. 3.1. Externally chargeable vehicles (OVC HEVs) without an operating mode switch...

              1. 3.1.1. Two tests shall be performed under the following conditions:

              2. 3.1.2. Condition A

                1. 3.1.2.1. The procedure shall start with the discharge of the electrical...

                2. 3.1.2.2. Conditioning of vehicle

                3. 3.1.2.3. After this preconditioning and before testing, the vehicle shall be...

                4. 3.1.2.4. During soak, the electrical energy/power storage device shall be charged...

                5. 3.1.2.5. Test procedure

                  1. 3.1.2.5.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                  2. 3.1.2.5.2. The test procedures described in points 3.1.2.5.2.1. or 3.1.2.5.2.2. shall...

                  3. 3.1.2.5.2.1. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  4. 3.1.2.5.2.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  5. 3.1.2.5.3. The vehicle shall be driven according to the provisions in...

                  6. 3.1.2.5.4. The exhaust gases shall be analysed according to the provisions...

                  7. 3.1.2.5.5. The test results shall be compared with the limits set...

              3. 3.1.3. Condition B

                1. 3.1.3.1. Conditioning of vehicle.

                2. 3.1.3.2. The electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle shall be...

                3. 3.1.3.3. After this preconditioning and before testing, the vehicle shall be...

                4. 3.1.3.4. Test procedure

                  1. 3.1.3.4.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                  2. 3.1.3.4.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  3. 3.1.3.4.3. The vehicle shall be driven according to the provisions of...

                  4. 3.1.3.4.4. The exhaust gases shall be analysed in accordance with Annex...

                5. 3.1.3.5. The test results shall be compared with the limits in...

              4. 3.1.4. Test results

                1. 3.1.4.1. Testing in accordance with point 3.1.2.5.2.1.

                2. 3.1.4.2. Testing in accordance with point 3.1.2.5.2.2.

            2. 3.2. Externally chargeable vehicles (OVC HEVs) with an operating mode switch....

              1. 3.2.1. Two tests shall be performed under the following conditions:

                1. 3.2.1.1. Condition A: the test shall be carried out with a...

                2. 3.2.1.2. Condition B: the test shall be carried out with an...

                3. 3.2.1.3. The operating mode switch shall be positioned in accordance with...

              2. 3.2.2. Condition A

                1. 3.2.2.1. If the pure electric range of the vehicle is higher...

                2. 3.2.2.2. The procedure shall start with the discharge of the electrical...

                3. 3.2.2.3. Conditioning of vehicle

                4. 3.2.2.4. After this preconditioning and before testing, the vehicle shall be...

                5. 3.2.2.5. During soak, the electrical energy/power storage device shall be charged...

                6. 3.2.2.6. Test procedure

                  1. 3.2.2.6.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                  2. 3.2.2.6.1.1. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  3. 3.2.2.6.1.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  4. 3.2.2.6.2. The vehicle shall be driven according to the provisions of...

                  5. 3.2.2.6.3. The exhaust gases shall be analysed according to Annex II....

                7. 3.2.2.7. The test results shall be compared to the emission limits...

              3. 3.2.3. Condition B

                1. 3.2.3.1. Conditioning of vehicle.

                2. 3.2.3.2. The electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle shall be...

                3. 3.2.3.3. After this preconditioning, and before testing, the vehicle shall be...

                4. 3.2.3.4. Test procedure

                  1. 3.2.3.4.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                  2. 3.2.3.4.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  3. 3.2.3.4.3. The vehicle shall be driven in accordance with the provisions...

                  4. 3.2.3.4.4. The exhaust gases shall be analysed in accordance with the...

                5. 3.2.3.5. The test results shall be compared with the pollutant limits...

              4. 3.2.4. Test results

                1. 3.2.4.1. Testing in accordance with point 3.2.2.6.2.1.

                2. 3.2.4.2. Testing in accordance with point 3.2.2.6.2.2.

            3. 3.3. Not externally chargeable vehicles (not-OVC HEVs) without an operating mode...

              1. 3.3.1. These vehicles shall be tested according to Appendix 6.

              2. 3.3.2. For preconditioning, at least two consecutive complete driving cycles are...

              3. 3.3.3. The vehicle shall be driven in accordance with to the...

            4. 3.4. Not externally chargeable vehicles (not-OVC HEVs) with an operating mode...

              1. 3.4.1. These vehicles are preconditioned and tested in hybrid mode in...

              2. 3.4.2. For preconditioning, at least two consecutive complete applicable driving cycles...

              3. 3.4.3. The vehicle shall be driven in accordance with the provisions...

        19. Appendix 12

          Type I test procedure for L-category vehicles fuelled with LPG, NG/biomethane, flex fuel H2NG or hydrogen

          1. 1. Introduction

            1. 1.1. This Appendix describes the special requirements as regards the testing...

            2. 1.2. The composition of these gaseous fuels, as sold on the...

            3. 1.3. The requirements of this Appendix as regards hydrogen shall apply...

          2. 2. Granting of type-approval for an L-category vehicle equipped with a...

            1. 2.1. Exhaust emissions approval of a vehicle equipped with a gaseous...

            2. 2.2. Exhaust emissions approval of a member of the propulsion family...

        20. Appendix 13

          Type I test procedure for L-category vehicles equipped with a periodically regenerating system

          1. 1. Introduction

          2. 2. Scope of the type-approval for vehicles with a periodically regenerating...

            1. 2.1. L-category vehicles falling within the scope of Regulation (EU) No...

            2. 2.2. Instead of carrying out the test procedures in the following...

            3. 2.3. During cycles where regeneration occurs, emission standards can be exceeded....

          3. 3. Test procedure

            1. 3.1. Measurement of carbon dioxide emission and fuel consumption between two...

              1. 3.1.1. The average of carbon dioxide emission and fuel consumption between...

              2. 3.1.2. The loading process and Ki determination shall be carried out...

              3. 3.1.3. The number of cycles (D) between two cycles in which...

            2. 3.2. Measurement of carbon dioxide emissions and fuel consumption during regeneration...

              1. 3.2.1. If necessary, the vehicle may be prepared for the emissions...

              2. 3.2.2. The test and vehicle conditions for the type I test...

              3. 3.2.3. Regeneration shall not occur during the preparation of the vehicle....

              4. 3.2.4. A cold-start exhaust emission test including a regeneration process shall...

              5. 3.2.5. If the regeneration process requires more than one operating cycle,...

              6. 3.2.6. The emission values, including pollutant and carbon dioxide emission values,...

            3. 3.3. Calculation of the combined exhaust emissions of a single regenerative...

              1. 3.3.1. Calculation of the regeneration factor K for each pollutant (i),...

            4. 3.4. Calculation of combined exhaust emissions, carbon dioxide emissions and fuel...

              1. 3.4.1. Extension of approval for a multiple periodic regeneration system

                1. 3.4.1.1. If the technical parameters or the regeneration strategy of a...

                2. 3.4.1.2. If a single device of the multiple regeneration system is...

      3. ANNEX III

        Test type II requirements: tailpipe emissions at (increased) idle and free acceleration

        1. 1. Introduction

        2. 2. Scope

          1. 2.1. During the environmental performance type-approval process, it shall be demonstrated...

          2. 2.2. Vehicles equipped with a propulsion type of which a positive...

          3. 2.3. Vehicles equipped with a propulsion type of which a compression...

        3. 3. General conditions of type II emission testing

          1. 3.1. A visual inspection of any emission-control equipment shall be conducted...

          2. 3.2. The fuel used to conduct the type II test shall...

          3. 3.3. During the test, the environmental temperature shall be between 293,2...

          4. 3.4. In the case of vehicles with manually-operated or semi-automatic-shift gearboxes,...

          5. 3.5. In the case of vehicles with automatic-shift gearboxes, the idle...

          6. 3.6. The type II emission test shall be conducted immediately after...

          7. 3.7. The exhaust outlets shall be provided with an air-tight extension,...

          8. 3.8. The emission test equipment and analysers to perform the type...

          9. 3.9. The vehicles shall be tested with the fuel-consuming engine running....

            1. 3.9.1. The manufacturer shall provide a type II test ‘service mode’...

        4. 4. Test type II – description of test procedure to measure...

          1. 4.1 Components for adjusting the idling speed

            1. 4.1.1. Components for adjusting the idling speed for the purposes of...

            2. 4.1.2. The tools which may be used to adjust the idling...

          2. 4.2 Determination of measurement points and type II idle test pass/fail...

            1. 4.2.1. First, a measurement is taken at the setting in accordance...

            2. 4.2.2. For each adjustment component with a continuous variation, a sufficient...

            3. 4.2.3. The measurement of the carbon monoxide content of exhaust gases...

            4. 4.2.4. The type II idle test shall be considered passed if...

            5. 4.2.5. The possible positions of the adjustment components shall be limited...

            6. 4.2.6. Settings incompatible with the correct running of the engine shall...

          3. 4.3. The following parameters shall be measured and recorded at normal...

            1. 4.3.1. With respect to the parameters under point 4.3. (d) the...

        5. 5. CO concentration calculation in the type II idle test

          1. 5.1. The CO (CCO) and CO2 (CCO2 ) concentration shall be...

          2. 5.2. The corrected concentration for carbon monoxide is:

          3. 5.3. The CCO concentration (see point 5.1.) shall be measured in...

        6. 6 Test type II – free acceleration test procedure

          1. 6.1. The combustion engine and any turbocharger or super-charger fitted shall...

          2. 6.2. To initiate each free acceleration cycle, the throttle pedal shall...

          3. 6.3. During each free acceleration cycle, the engine shall reach cut-off...

          4. 6.4. For vehicles equipped with CVT and automatic clutch, the driven...

          5. 6.5. The average concentration level of the particulate matter (in m–1)...

        7. 7 Test type II – free acceleration test results and requirements...

          1. 7.1. The test value measured in accordance with point 6.5 shall...

            1. 7.1.1. Footnote (7) to point 8.2.2.2. (b) shall not be applicable...

            2. 7.1.2. The measured type II opacity test value shall be entered...

            3. 7.1.3. Vehicles in the scope of Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 are...

      4. ANNEX IV

        Test type III requirements: emissions of crankcase gases

        1. 1. Introduction

        2. 2. General provisions

          1. 2.1. The manufacturer shall provide the approval authority with technical details...

          2. 2.2. Only in the following cases shall the technical service and...

          3. 2.3. In all other cases, the type III test shall be...

          4. 2.4. L-category vehicles equipped with a two-stroke engine containing a scavenging...

          5. 2.5. The manufacturer shall attach a copy of the test report...

        3. 3. Test conditions

          1. 3.1. The type III test shall be carried out on a...

          2. 3.2. The vehicle tested shall have a leak-proof engine or leak-proof...

        4. 4. Test methods

          1. 4.1. The type III test shall be conducted according to the...

            1. 4.1.1. Idling shall be regulated in conformity with the manufacturer’s recommendations....

            2. 4.1.2. Measurements shall be taken in the following sets of conditions...

            3. 4.1.3. For all operation conditions listed in point 4.1.2., the reliable...

            4. 4.1.4. Method of verification of the crankcase ventilation system

              1. 4.1.4.1. The engine’s apertures shall be left as found.

              2. 4.1.4.2. The pressure in the crankcase shall be measured at an...

              3. 4.1.4.3. The vehicle shall be deemed satisfactory if, in every condition...

            5. 4.1.5. For the test method described in points 4.1.4.1. to 4.1.4.3.,...

            6. 4.1.6. The vehicle speed as indicated at the dynamometer shall be...

            7. 4.1.7. The pressures measured in the crankcase and the ambient pressure...

          2. 4.2. If, in one or more of the conditions of measurement...

            1. 4.2.1. Additional type III test method (No 1)

              1. 4.2.1.1. The engine’s apertures shall be left as found.

              2. 4.2.1.2. A flexible bag impervious to crankcase gases and having a...

              3. 4.2.1.3. The bag shall be closed before each measurement. It shall...

              4. 4.2.1.4. The vehicle shall be deemed satisfactory if, in every condition...

            2. 4.2.2. If the structural layout of the engine is such that...

            3. 4.2.3. Alternative additional type III test method (No 2)

              1. 4.2.3.1. The manufacturer shall prove to the approval authority that the...

              2. 4.2.3.2. The engine of the vehicle may be installed on a...

              3. 4.2.3.3. The crankshaft may be rotated to optimise the position of...

              4. 4.2.3.4. The pressure in the crankcase system shall be measured at...

              5. 4.2.3.5. The crankcase system shall be pressurised with compressed air to...

              6. 4.2.3.5. The compressed air source inducing the overpressure shall be closed...

      5. ANNEX V

        Test type IV requirements: evaporative emissions

        1. 1. Introduction

          1. 1.1. This Annex describes the procedure for type IV testing, as...

          2. 1.2. Appendix 1 describes the procedure for testing the permeability of...

          3. 1.3. Appendices 2 and 3 describe methods for the determination of...

        2. 2. General requirements

          1. 2.1. The vehicle manufacturer shall prove to the technical service and...

          2. 2.2. The fuelling system tightness shall comply with the requirements referred...

          3. 2.3. All L-vehicle (sub-)categories equipped with a non-metallic fuel storage shall...

          4. 2.4. L-vehicle (sub-)categories L3e, L4e, L5e-A, L6e-A and L7e-A shall be...

          5. 2.5. The fuel permeation test procedure set out in Appendix 2...

          6. 2.6. If an L1e-A, L1e-B, L2e, L5e-B, L6e-B, L7e-B and L7e-C...

        3. Appendix 1

          Fuel storage permeability test procedure

          1. 1. Scope

            1. 1.1. This requirement shall apply to all L-category vehicles equipped with...

            2. 1.2. Vehicles complying with the requirements set out in Appendix 2...

          2. 2. Fuel tank permeability test

            1. 2.1. Test method

              1. 2.1.1. Test temperature

              2. 2.1.2. Test fuel

              3. 2.1.3. The tank is filled with the test fuel up to...

              4. 2.1.4. The tank is stored under the stabilising conditions at a...

              5. 2.1.5. The weight loss due to diffusion shall be measured during...

              6. 2.1.6. If the diffusion losses are greater, the fuel loss shall...

            2. 2.2. All fuel tanks that will undergo this test procedure as...

            3. 2.3. The permeability evaporation test results shall not be averaged between...

            4. 2.4. Fuel tank permeability test conducted with internal pressure compensation

        4. Appendix 2

          Fuel storage and delivery system permeation test procedure

          1. 1 Scope and test limits

            1. 1.1. As of the date of first application laid down in...

            2. 1.2. For the purposes of the requirements of this Appendix, the...

          2. 2. Description of the fuel tank permeation test

            1. 2.1 Measure permeation emissions by weighing a sealed fuel tank before...

            2. 2.2. Metallic tanks are exempted from durability testing.

          3. 3. Preconditioning fuel soak for the fuel tank permeation test

            1. 3.1. The tank shall be filled with reference fuel specified in...

            2. 3.2. The fuel tank’s internal surface area shall be determined in...

            3. 3.3. The fuel tank shall be filled with the reference fuel...

            4. 3.4. The tank and fuel shall equilibrate to 301,2 ± 5 K...

            5. 3.5. The fuel tank shall be sealed using fuel caps and...

          4. 4. Fuel tank permeation test procedure

            1. 4.1. Weigh the sealed fuel tank and record the weight in...

            2. 4.2. The tank shall be placed in a ventilated, temperature-controlled room...

            3. 4.3. The test room or enclosure shall be closed and sealed...

            4. 4.4. The test room or enclosure temperature shall be continuously maintained...

          5. 5. Fuel tank permeation test result calculation

            1. 5.1. At the end of the soak period, the weight in...

            2. 5.2. The weight of the filled fuel tank at the end...

            3. 5.3. The difference in mass shall be divided by the internal...

            4. 5.4. The result of the calculation under point 5.3., expressed in...

            5. 5.5. In cases where permeation rates during a soak period of...

            6. 5.6. Determination of the deterioration factor when applying the full permeation...

            7. 5.7. Determination of the final tank permeation test results

              1. 5.7.1. Full test procedure

              2. 5.7.2. Accelerated (short) test procedure

          6. 6. Fuel tank durability testing

            1. 6.1. A separate durability demonstration for each substantially different combination of...

              1. 6.1.1. Pressure cycling

              2. 6.1.2. UV exposure

              3. 6.1.3. Slosh testing

            2. 6.2. Final fuel tank durability test results

            3. 6.3. The manufacturer may request that any of the durability tests...

            4. 6.4. The length of ‘soak’ during durability testing may be included...

          7. 7. Fuel line assembly test requirements

            1. 7.1. Fuel line assembly permeation physical testing procedure

            2. 7.2. Fuel line assembly permeation test limits in the case of...

            3. 7.3. Physical testing of fuel-line assembly permeation is not required if:...

        5. Appendix 3

          Sealed Housing for Evaporation Determination (SHED) test procedure

          1. 1. Scope

            1. 1.1. As of the application date laid down in Annex IV...

          2. 2. Description of SHED test

          3. 3. Test vehicles and test fuel requirement

            1. 3.1. Test vehicles

            2. 3.2. Test vehicles

            3. 3.3. Test fuel

          4. 4. Chassis dynamometer and evaporative emissions enclosure

            1. 4.1. The chassis dynamometer shall meet the requirements of Appendix 3...

            2. 4.2. Evaporative emission measurement enclosure (SHED)

            3. 4.3. Analytical systems

              1. 4.3.1. Hydrocarbon analyser

                1. 4.3.1.1. The atmosphere within the chamber is monitored using a hydrocarbon...

                2. 4.3.1.2. The hydrocarbon analyser shall have a response time to 90 %...

                3. 4.3.1.3. The repeatability of the analyser expressed as one standard deviation...

                4. 4.3.1.4. The operational ranges of the analyser shall be chosen to...

              2. 4.3.2. Hydrocarbon analyser data recording system

                1. 4.3.2.1. The hydrocarbon analyser shall be fitted with a device to...

            4. 4.4. Fuel tank heating

              1. 4.4.1. The fuel tank heating system shall consist of two separate...

              2. 4.4.2. With temperature sensors positioned as in point 4.5.2., the fuel...

              3. 4.4.3. Notwithstanding the requirements of point 4.4.2., if a manufacturer is...

            5. 4.5. Temperature recording

              1. 4.5.1. The temperature in the chamber is recorded at two points...

              2. 4.5.2. The temperatures of the fuel and fuel vapour shall be...

              3. 4.5.3. Throughout the evaporative emission measurements, temperatures shall be recorded or...

              4. 4.5.4. The accuracy of the temperature recording system shall be within...

              5. 4.5.5. The recording or data processing system shall be capable of...

            6. 4.6. Fans

              1. 4.6.1. It shall be possible to reduce the hydrocarbon concentration in...

              2. 4.6.2. The chamber shall have one or more fans or blowers...

            7. 4.7. Gases

              1. 4.7.1. The following pure gases shall be available for calibration and...

              2. 4.7.2. Calibration and span gases shall be available containing mixtures of...

            8. 4.8. Additional equipment

              1. 4.8.1. The relative humidity in the test area shall be measurable...

              2. 4.8.2. The pressure within the test area shall be measurable to...

            9. 4.9. Alternative equipment

              1. 4.9.1. At the request of the manufacturer and with the agreement...

          5. 5. Test procedure

            1. 5.1. Test preparation

              1. 5.1.1. The vehicle is mechanically prepared before the test as follows:...

            2. 5.2. Conditioning phase

              1. 5.2.1. The vehicle shall be taken into the test area where...

              2. 5.2.2. The vehicle is placed on a chassis dynamometer and driven...

              3. 5.2.3. The vehicle is parked in the test area for the...

            3. 5.3. Test phases

              1. 5.3.1. Tank breathing (diurnal) evaporative emission test

                1. 5.3.1.1. The measuring chamber shall be vented/purged for several minutes immediately...

                2. 5.3.1.2. The hydrocarbon analyser shall be set to zero and spanned...

                3. 5.3.1.3. The fuel tanks shall be emptied as described in point...

                4. 5.3.1.4. The test vehicle shall be brought into the test enclosure...

                5. 5.3.1.5. The fuel and vapour may be artificially heated to the...

                6. 5.3.1.6. As soon as the fuel temperature reaches 287,0 K (14,0 °C):...

                7. 5.3.1.7. The hydrocarbon analyser is set to zero and spanned immediately...

                8. 5.3.1.8. If the heating requirements in point 5.3.1.6. have been met...

                9. 5.3.1.9. The heat source is turned off and the enclosure door...

                10. 5.3.1.10. To prevent abnormal loading of the canister, fuel tank caps...

              2. 5.3.2. Driving cycle

                1. 5.3.2.1. ‘Tank breathing losses’ means hydrocarbon emissions caused by temperature changes...

              3. 5.3.3. Hot soak evaporative emissions test

            4. 5.4. Alternative test procedures

              1. 5.4.1. At the request of the manufacturer, with the agreement of...

          6. 6. Calculation of results

            1. 6.1. The evaporative emission tests described in chapter 5 allow the...

            2. 6.2. Overall results of test

          7. 7. Limit values

          8. 8. Further provisions

        6. Appendix 3.1

          Preconditioning requirements for a hybrid application before start of the SHED test

          1. 1. Scope

            1. 1.1. The following preconditioning requirements before starting the SHED test shall...

          2. 2. Test methods

            1. 2.1. Before starting the SHED test procedure, the test vehicles shall...

        7. Appendix 3.2

          Ageing test procedure for evaporative emission control devices

          1. 1. Test methods for ageing of evaporative emission control devices

          2. 2. Carbon canister ageing

            1. 2.1. Canister ageing test procedure

              1. 2.1.1. Canister loading part of the test cycle

                1. 2.1.1.1. Loading of the canister shall start within one minute of...

                2. 2.1.1.2. The (clean air) vent port of the canister shall be...

                3. 2.1.1.3. The test canister shall be loaded each time to 2,0 ±...

              2. 2.1.2. Dwell time

              3. 2.1.3 Canister purging part of the test cycle

                1. 2.1.3.1. The test canister shall be purged through the purge port...

                2. 2.1.3.2. Four hundred canister bed volumes shall be purged at a...

              4. 2.1.4. Table Ap3.2-1 Amount of test cycles of charging and purging...

          3. 3. Ageing test procedure of evaporative emission control valves, cables and...

            1. 3.1. The durability test shall actuate control valves, cables, and linkages,...

            2. 3.2. Alternatively, the aged evaporative emission control parts tested according to...

          4. 4. Reporting

        8. Appendix 4

          Calibration of equipment for evaporative emission testing

          1. 1. Calibration frequency and methods

            1. 1.1. All equipment shall be calibrated before its initial use and...

          2. 2. Calibration of the enclosure

            1. 2.1. Initial determination of enclosure internal volume

              1. 2.1.1. Before its initial use, the internal volume of the chamber...

              2. 2.1.2. The net internal volume is determined by subtracting 0,14 m3 from...

              3. 2.1.3. The chamber shall be checked as in point 2.3. If...

            2. 2.2. Determination of chamber background emissions

            3. 2.3. Calibration and hydrocarbon retention test of the chamber

            4. 2.4. Calculations

          3. 3. Checking of FID hydrocarbon analyser

            1. 3.1. Detector response optimisation

            2. 3.2. Calibration of the HC analyser

            3. 3.3. Oxygen interference check and recommended limits

          4. 4. Calibration of the hydrocarbon analyser

      6. ANNEX VI

        1. 0. Introduction

          1. 0.1. This Annex describes the procedures for type V testing to...

          2. 0.2. The type V test procedure includes mileage accumulation procedures to...

        2. 1. General requirements

          1. 1.1. The test vehicles’ powertrain and pollution-control device type fitted on...

          2. 1.2. The manufacturer shall provide evidence of the possible impacts on...

          3. 1.3. Category L4e motorcycles with side-car shall be exempted from type...

        3. 2. Specific requirements

          1. 2.1 Test vehicle requirements

            1. 2.1.1. The test vehicles used for type V durability testing and...

            2. 2.1.2. The test vehicles shall be in good mechanical order at...

            3. 2.1.3. Regardless of the durability test procedure selected by the manufacturer,...

            4. 2.1.4. The pollution-control devices on the test vehicles shall be permanently...

            5. 2.1.5. Maintenance, adjustments and the use of the controls of the...

            6. 2.1.6. The durability test shall be conducted with a suitable commercially...

            7. 2.1.7. The test vehicles’ cooling system shall enable the vehicle to...

            8. 2.1.8. If the durability test is completed on a test track...

            9. 2.1.9. If approved by the technical service and to the satisfaction...

          2. 2.2. In the type V test procedure, mileage shall be accumulated...

            1. 2.2.1. Chassis dynamometer used for mileage accumulation

              1. 2.2.1.1. Chassis dynamometers used to accumulate test type V durability mileage...

              2. 2.2.1.2. In particular, the dynamometer shall be equipped with systems simulating...

              3. 2.2.1.3. The test vehicles may be moved to a different bench...

          3. 2.3. The type I emission verification tests before, during and after...

          4. 2.4. Type V test requirements for an L-category vehicle equipped with...

            1. 2.4.1. For OVC vehicles:

            2. 2.4.2. For NOVC vehicles:

        4. 3. Test type V, durability test procedure specifications

          1. 3.1. Actual durability testing with full mileage accumulation

            1. 3.1.1. The manufacturer shall provide evidence that the emission limits in...

            2. 3.1.2. Multiple type I emission tests shall be conducted during the...

          2. 3.2. Actual durability testing with partial mileage accumulation

            1. 3.2.1. The manufacturer shall provide evidence that the emission limits in...

            2. 3.2.2. Multiple type I emission tests shall be conducted during the...

            3. 3.2.3. Stop criteria for the durability test procedure with partial mileage...

            4. 3.2.4. Data processing and reporting for the durability test procedure with...

              1. 3.2.4.1. The manufacturer shall use the arithmetic mean of the type...

              2. 3.2.4.2. The best fit linear line (trend line: y = ax...

              3. 3.2.4.3. A minimum of four calculated arithmetic mean data points shall...

              4. 3.2.4.4. The applicable emission limits set out in Part A of...

              5. 3.2.4.5. Trend line parameters a, x and b of the best-fit...

          3. 3.3. The mathematical durability procedure

            1. 3.3.1. The emission results of the vehicle that has accumulated more...

          4. 3.4. Durability mileage accumulation cycles

            1. 3.4.1. The Standard Road Cycle (SRC-LeCV) for L-category vehicles

            2. 3.4.2. The USA EPA Approved Mileage Accumulation cycle

          5. 3.5. Test type V durability verification testing using ‘golden’ pollution-control devices...

            1. 3.5.1. The pollution-control devices may be removed from the test vehicles...

            2. 3.5.2. At the choice of the manufacturer, ‘golden’ pollution-control devices may...

            3. 3.5.3. The ‘golden’ pollution-control devices shall be permanently marked and the...

            4. 3.5.4. In addition, the manufacturer shall mark and store new, non-aged...

            5. 3.5.5. The approval authority and technical service shall be given access...

        5. Appendix 1

          The Standard Road Cycle for L-Category Vehicles (SRC-LeCV)

          1. 1. Introduction

            1. 1.1. The Standard Road Cycle for L-Category Vehicles (SRC-LeCV) is a...

            2. 1.2. The SRC-LeCV shall consist of five laps of a 6 km...

            3. 1.3. The manufacturer may request to be allowed alternatively to perform...

          2. 2. SRC-LeCV test requirements

            1. 2.1. If the SRC-LeCV is performed on a kilometre accumulation chassis...

            2. 2.2. If the SRC-LeCV is not performed on a kilometre accumulation...

              1. 2.2.1. the test track or test road shall be selected at...

              2. 2.2.2. the track or road selected shall be shaped so as...

              3. 2.2.3. the route used shall form a loop to allow continuous...

              4. 2.2.4. track lengths which are multiples, half or quarter of this...

              5. 2.2.5. four points shall be marked, or landmarks identified, on the...

              6. 2.2.6. the distance accumulated shall be calculated from the number of...

              7. 2.2.7. Examples of test track configurations:

            3. 2.3. The total distance travelled shall be the applicable durability mileage...

            4. 2.4. No stopping is permitted mid-cycle. Any stops for type I...

            5. 2.5. The four cycles shall be selected on the basis of...

            6. 2.6. For the purpose of accumulating mileage in the SRC-LeCV, the...

            7. 2.7. SRC-LeCV general driving instructions

              1. 2.7.1. Idle instructions

                1. 2.7.1.1. If not already stopped, the vehicle shall decelerate to a...

                2. 2.7.1.2. The vehicle shall not be prepared for the following action...

              2. 2.7.2. Acceleration instructions:

              3. 2.7.3. Deceleration instructions:

              4. 2.7.4. Cruise instruction:

              5. 2.7.5. A driving instruction shall be performed in its entirety. Additional...

              6. 2.7.6. Gear changes should be carried out according to the guidance...

              7. 2.7.7. Where the test vehicle cannot reach the target vehicle speeds...

            8. 2.8. SRC-LeCV test steps

            9. 2.9. SRC-LeCV detailed test cycle description

              1. 2.9.1. Graphical overview of the SRC-LeCV

              2. 2.9.2. SRC-LeCV detailed cycle instructions

              3. 2.9.3. Soak procedures in the SRC-LeCV

        6. Appendix 2

          The USA EPA Approved Mileage Accumulation durability cycle (AMA)

          1. 1. Introduction

            1. 1.1. The Approved Mileage Accumulation durability cycle (AMA) by the environmental...

            2. 1.2. The AMA test cycle shall be completed by repeating the...

            3. 1.3. The AMA test cycle shall be composed of 11 sub-sub-cycles...

          2. 2. AMA test cycle requirements

            1. 2.1. For the purpose of accumulating mileage in the AMA test...

            2. 2.2. If the AMA test cycle is performed on a kilometre...

            3. 2.3. One AMA test sub-cycle shall be performed as follows:

      7. ANNEX VII

        Test type VII requirements: CO2 emissions, fuel consumption, electric energy consumption and electric range

        1. 1. Introduction

          1. 1.1. This Annex sets out requirements with regard to energy efficiency...

          2. 1.2. The requirements laid down in this Annex apply to the...

        2. 2. Specification and tests

          1. 2.1. General

          2. 2.2. Description of tests for vehicles powered by a combustion engine...

            1. 2.2.1. The emissions of CO2 and fuel consumption shall be measured...

            2. 2.2.2. For CO2 emissions, the test results shall be expressed in...

            3. 2.2.3. Fuel consumption values shall be expressed in litres per 100 km...

            4. 2.2.4. The appropriate reference fuels as set out in Appendix 2...

          3. 2.3. Description of tests for vehicles powered by an electric powertrain...

            1. 2.3.1. The technical service in charge of the tests shall conduct...

            2. 2.3.2. The technical service in charge of the tests shall measure...

            3. 2.3.2.1. The electric range measured by this method shall be the...

            4. 2.3.2.2. Category L1e vehicles designed to pedal referred to in Article...

            5. 2.3.3. Electric energy consumption shall be expressed in Watt hours per...

          4. 2.4. Description of tests for vehicles powered by a hybrid electric...

            1. 2.4.1. The technical service in charge of the tests shall measure...

            2. 2.4.2. The test results for CO2 emissions shall be expressed in...

            3. 2.4.3. The fuel consumption, expressed in litres per 100 km (in the...

            4. 2.4.4. For the purpose of the calculation referred to in point...

            5. 2.4.5. If applicable, electric energy consumption shall be expressed in Watt...

            6. 2.4.6. The technical service in charge of the tests shall measure...

          5. 2.5. Interpretation of test results

            1. 2.5.1. The CO2 value or the value of electric energy consumption...

            2. 2.5.2. If the measured value of CO2 emissions or electric energy...

            3. 2.5.3. If, in the event of another test being run, the...

        3. 3. Modification and extension of approval of the approved type

          1. 3.1. For all approved types, the approval authority that approved the...

          2. 3.2. Confirmation or extension of approval, specifying the alterations, shall be...

          3. 3.3. The approval authority that grants the extension of the approval...

        4. 4. Conditions of extension of vehicle environmental performance type-approval

          1. 4.1. Vehicles powered by an internal combustion engine only, except those...

          2. 4.2. Vehicles powered by an internal combustion engine only and equipped...

          3. 4.3. Vehicles powered by an electric powertrain only

          4. 4.4. Vehicles powered by a hybrid electric powertrain

          5. 4.5. Where any other characteristic is changed, extensions may be granted...

        5. 5. Special provisions

        6. Appendix 1

          Method of measuring carbon dioxide emissions and fuel consumption of vehicles powered by a combustion engine only

          1. 1. Specification of the test

            1. 1.1. The carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption of vehicles...

            2. 1.2. In addition to the CO2 emission and fuel consumption results...

            3. 1.3. In addition to the conditions in Annex II in force...

            4. 1.4. Calculation of CO2 and fuel consumption values

              1. 1.4.1. The mass emission of CO2, expressed in g/km, shall be...

              2. 1.4.1.1. For this calculation, the density of CO2 shall be assumed...

              3. 1.4.2. The fuel consumption values shall be calculated from the hydrocarbon,...

              4. 1.4.3. Fuel consumption (FC), expressed in litres per 100 km (in the...

              5. 1.4.4. In these formulae:

        7. Appendix 2

          Method of measuring the electric energy consumption of a vehicle powered by an electric powertrain only

          1. 1. Test sequence

            1. 1.1. Electric energy consumption of pure electric vehicles shall be determined...

          2. 2. Test method

            1. 2.1. Principle

            2. 2.2. Table Ap2-1 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurement International Electrotechnical...

            3. 2.3. Test vehicle

              1. 2.3.1. Condition of the vehicle

                1. 2.3.1.1. The vehicle tyres shall be inflated to the pressure specified...

                2. 2.3.1.2. The viscosity of the oils for the mechanical moving parts...

                3. 2.3.1.3. The lighting, signalling and auxiliary devices shall be off, except...

                4. 2.3.1.4. All energy storage systems for other than traction purposes (electric,...

                5. 2.3.1.5. If the batteries are operated above the ambient temperature, the...

                6. 2.3.1.6. The vehicle shall have travelled at least 300 km in the...

              2. 2.3.2. Classification of the pure electric test vehicle in the type...

            4. 2.4. Operation mode

              1. 2.4.1. Initial charge of the battery

                1. 2.4.1.1. Discharge of the battery

                2. 2.4.1.2. Application of a normal overnight charge

                  1. 2.4.1.2.1. Normal overnight charge procedure

                  2. 2.4.1.2.2. End-of-charge criteria

                  3. 2.4.1.2.3. Fully charged battery

              2. 2.4.2. Application of the type I test cycle and measurement of...

              3. 2.4.3. Charge of the battery

                1. Note:

              4. 2.4.4. Electric energy consumption calculation

        8. Appendix 3

          Method of measuring the carbon dioxide emissions, fuel consumption, electric energy consumption and driving range of vehicles powered by a hybrid electric powertrain

          1. 1. Introduction

            1. 1.1. This Appendix lays down specific provisions on the type-approval of...

            2. 1.2. As a general principle for type VII tests, HEVs shall...

            3. 1.3. OVC (externally chargeable) HEVs shall be tested under Conditions A...

            4. 1.4. Driving cycles and gear-shift points

              1. 1.4.1. The driving cycle in Annex VI to Regulation (EU) No...

              2. 1.4.4. For vehicle conditioning, a combination of the driving cycles in...

          2. 2. Categories of hybrid electric vehicles (HEV)

          3. 3. OVC (externally chargeable) HEV without an operating mode switch

            1. 3.1. Two type I tests shall be performed under the following...

            2. 3.2. Condition A

              1. 3.2.1. The procedure shall start with the discharge of the electrical...

                1. 3.2.1.1. Discharge of the electrical energy/power storage device

              2. 3.2.2. Conditioning of the vehicle

                1. 3.2.2.1. The test vehicle shall be preconditioned by conducting the applicable...

                2. 3.2.2.2. After this preconditioning and before testing, the vehicle shall be...

                3. 3.2.2.3. During soak, the electrical energy/power storage device shall be charged...

                4. 3.2.2.4. Application of a normal overnight charge

                  1. 3.2.2.4.1. Normal overnight charge procedure

                  2. 3.2.2.4.2. End-of-charge criteria

              3. 3.2.3. Test procedure

                1. 3.2.3.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                2. 3.2.3.2. The test procedures defined in either point 3.2.3.2.1. or 3.2.3.2.2....

                  1. 3.2.3.2.1. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                  2. 3.2.3.2.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                3. 3.2.3.3. The vehicle shall be driven according to the applicable type...

                4. 3.2.3.4. The tailpipe emissions of the vehicle shall be analysed according...

                5. 3.2.3.5. The CO2 emission and fuel consumption results from the test...

              4. 3.2.4. Within the 30 minutes after the conclusion of the cycle,...

              5. 3.2.5. The electric energy consumption for Condition A shall be e1...

            3. 3.3. Condition B

              1. 3.3.1. Conditioning of the vehicle

                1. 3.3.1.1. The electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle shall be...

                2. 3.3.1.2. Before testing, the vehicle shall be kept in a room...

              2. 3.3.2. Test procedure

                1. 3.3.2.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                2. 3.3.2.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                3. 3.3.2.3. The vehicle shall be driven using the applicable type I...

                4. 3.3.2.4. The tailpipe emissions of the vehicle shall be analysed according...

                5. 3.3.2.5. The test results for Condition B shall be recorded (m2...

              3. 3.3.3. Within 30 minutes of the end of the cycle, the...

              4. 3.3.4. The electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle shall be...

              5. 3.3.5. Within 30 minutes of the discharge, the electrical energy/power storage...

              6. 3.3.6. The electric energy consumption e4 (Wh) for Condition B is:...

            4. 3.4. Test results

              1. 3.4.1. The CO2 values shall be:

                1. 3.4.2.1. For testing in accordance with point 3.2.3.2.1:

                2. 3.4.2.2. For testing in accordance with point 3.2.3.2.2.:

              2. 3.4.3. The fuel consumption values shall be:

              3. 3.4.4. The weighted fuel consumption values shall be calculated as follows:...

                1. 3.4.4.1. For testing in accordance with point 3.2.3.2.1.:

                2. 3.4.4.2. For testing in accordance with point 3.2.3.2.2.:

              4. 3.4.5. The electric energy consumption values shall be:

              5. 3.4.6. The weighted electric energy consumption values shall be calculated as...

                1. 3.4.6.1. For testing in accordance with point 3.2.3.2.1.:

                2. 3.4.6.2. For testing in accordance with point 3.2.3.2.2.:

          4. 4. Externally chargeable (OVC HEV) with an operating mode switch

            1. 4.1. Two tests shall be performed under the following conditions:

              1. 4.1.1. Condition A: test carried out with a fully charged electrical...

              2. 4.1.2. Condition B: test carried out with an electrical energy/power storage...

              3. 4.1.3. The operating mode switch shall be positioned in accordance with...

            2. 4.2. Condition A

              1. 4.2.1. If the electric range of the vehicle, as measured in...

              2. 4.2.2. The procedure shall start with the discharge of the electrical...

              3. 4.2.3. Conditioning of the vehicle

              4. 4.2.4. Test procedure

              5. 4.2.5. Within 30 minutes of the end of the cycle, the...

              6. 4.2.6. The electric energy consumption for Condition A shall be e1...

            3. 4.3. Condition B

              1. 4.3.1. Conditioning of the vehicle

                1. 4.3.1.1. The electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle shall be...

                2. 4.3.1.2. Before testing, the vehicle shall be kept in a room...

              2. 4.3.2. Test procedure

                1. 4.3.2.1. The vehicle shall be started up by the means provided...

                2. 4.3.2.2. Sampling shall begin (BS) before or at the initiation of...

                3. 4.3.2.3. The vehicle shall be driven using the applicable driving cycle...

                4. 4.3.2.4. The exhaust gases shall be analysed in accordance with the...

                5. 4.3.2.5. The CO2 emission and fuel consumption results on the test...

              3. 4.3.3. Within 30 minutes of the end of the cycle, the...

              4. 4.3.4. The electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle shall be...

              5. 4.3.5. Within 30 minutes of the discharge, the electrical energy/power storage...

              6. 4.3.6. The electric energy consumption e4 (Wh) for Condition B shall...

            4. 4.4. Test results

              1. 4.4.1. The CO2 values shall be:

              2. 4.4.2. The weighted CO2 values shall be calculated as follows:

              3. 4.4.3. The fuel consumption values shall be:

              4. 4.4.4. The weighted fuel consumption values shall be calculated as follows:...

              5. 4.4.5. The electric energy consumption values shall be:

              6. 4.4.6. The weighted electric energy consumption values shall be calculated as...

          5. 5. Not externally chargeable hybrid electric vehicle (NOVC HEV) without an...

            1. 5.1. The test vehicle shall be preconditioned by conducting the applicable...

              1. 5.1.1. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption shall be determined...

            2. 5.2. For preconditioning, at least two consecutive complete driving cycles shall...

            3. 5.3. Test results

              1. 5.3.1. The test results (fuel consumption C (l/100 km for liquid fuels...

              2. 5.3.2. the uncorrected measured values C and M may be taken...

              3. 5.3.3. Fuel consumption correction coefficient (Kfuel) defined by the manufacturer

                1. 5.3.3.1. The fuel consumption correction coefficient (Kfuel) shall be determined from...

                2. 5.3.3.2. The fuel consumption correction coefficient (Kfuel) shall be defined as:...

                3. 5.3.3.3. Separate fuel consumption correction coefficients shall be determined for the...

              4. 5.3.4. Fuel consumption at zero battery energy balance (C0)

                1. 5.3.4.1. Fuel consumption C0 at ΔEbatt = 0 is determined by the following...

                2. 5.3.4.2. Fuel consumption at zero battery energy balance shall be determined...

              5. 5.3.5. CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2 ) defined by the manufacturer

                1. 5.3.5.1. The CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2 ) shall be determined as...

                2. 5.3.5.2. The CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2 ) is defined as:

                3. 5.3.5.3. Separate CO2-emission correction coefficients shall be determined for the fuel...

              6. 5.3.6. CO2-emission at zero battery energy balance (M0)

                1. 5.3.6.1. The CO2-emission M0 at ΔEbatt = 0 is determined by the following...

                2. 5.3.6.2. CO2 emissions at zero battery energy balance shall be determined...

          6. 6. Not Externally Chargeable (not OVC HEV) with an operating mode...

            1. 6.1. These vehicles shall be tested in hybrid mode in accordance...

              1. 6.1.1. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and fuel consumption shall be determined...

            2. 6.2. For preconditioning, at least two consecutive complete driving cycles shall...

            3. 6.3. Test results

              1. 6.3.1. The fuel consumption C (l/100 km) and CO2-emission M (g/km)) results...

              2. 6.3.2. The uncorrected measured values C and M may be taken...

              3. 6.3.3. Fuel consumption correction coefficient (Kfuel) defined by the manufacturer

                1. 6.3.3.1. The fuel consumption correction coefficient (Kfuel) shall be determined from...

                2. 6.3.3.2. The fuel consumption correction coefficient (Kfuel) shall be defined as:...

                3. 6.3.3.3. Separate fuel consumption correction coefficients shall be determined for the...

              4. 6.3.4. Fuel consumption at zero battery energy balance (C0)

                1. 6.3.4.1. The fuel consumption C0 at ΔEbatt = 0 is determined by the...

                2. 6.3.4.2. Fuel consumption at zero battery energy balance shall be determined...

              5. 6.3.5. CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2 ) defined by the manufacturer

                1. 6.3.5.1. The CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2 ) shall be determined as...

                2. 6.3.5.2. The CO2-emission correction coefficient (KCO2 ) shall be defined as:...

                3. 6.3.5.3. Separate CO2-emission correction coefficients shall be determined for the fuel...

              6. 6.3.6. CO2 emission at zero battery energy balance (M0)

                1. 6.3.6.1. The CO2 emission M0 at ΔEbatt = 0 is determined by the...

                2. 6.3.6.2. CO2 emission at zero battery energy balance shall be determined...

        9. Appendix 3.1

          Electrical energy/power storage device State Of Charge (SOC) profile for an Externally chargeable Hybrid Electric Vehicle (OVC HEV) in a type VII test

          1. 1. State of charge (SOC) profile for OVC HEV type VII...

            1. 1.1. Condition A:

            2. 1.2. Condition B:

        10. Appendix 3.2

          Method for measuring the electricity balance of the battery of OVC and NOVC HEV

          1. 1. Introduction

            1. 1.1. This Appendix sets out the method and required instrumentation for...

            2. 1.2. The method described in this Appendix shall be used by...

            3. 1.3. The method described in this Appendix shall be used by...

          2. 2. Measurement equipment and instrumentation

            1. 2.1. During the tests described in points 3 to 6 of...

            2. 2.2. The technical service shall be provided with a list of...

          3. 3. Measurement procedure

            1. 3.1. Measurement of the battery current shall start at the beginning...

            2. 3.2. Separate values of Q shall be logged over the parts...

        11. Appendix 3.3

          Method of measuring the electric range of vehicles powered by an electric powertrain only or by a hybrid electric powertrain and the OVC range of vehicles powered by a hybrid electric powertrain

          1. 1. Measurement of the electric range

          2. 2. Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements

          3. 3. Test conditions

            1. 3.1. Condition of the vehicle

              1. 3.1.1. The vehicle tyres shall be inflated to the pressure specified...

              2. 3.1.2. The viscosity of the oils for the mechanical moving parts...

              3. 3.1.3. The lighting and signalling and auxiliary devices shall be off,...

              4. 3.1.4. All energy storage systems for other than traction purposes (electric,...

              5. 3.1.5. If the batteries are operated above the ambient temperature, the...

              6. 3.1.6. The vehicle shall have travelled at least 300 km in the...

            2. 3.2. Climatic conditions

          4. 4. Operation modes

            1. 4.1. Initial charge of the battery

              1. 4.1.1. The ‘initial charge’ of the battery means the first charge...

              2. 4.1.2. Discharge of the battery

                1. 4.1.2.1. For pure electric vehicles:

                2. 4.1.2.2. For externally chargeable hybrid electric vehicles (OVC HEV) without an...

                3. 4.1.2.3. For externally chargeable hybrid electric vehicles (OVC HEV) with an...

              3. 4.1.3. Normal overnight charge

            2. 4.2. Application of the cycle and measurement of the range

              1. 4.2.1. For pure electric vehicles:

                1. 4.2.1.1. The test sequence set out in the Appendices shall be...

                2. 4.2.1.2. The test criteria shall be deemed as having been met...

                3. 4.2.1.3. At speeds of over 50 km/h, when the vehicle does not...

                4. 4.2.1.4. Up to three interruptions, of no more than 15 minutes...

                5. 4.2.1.5. The distance covered in km (De) is the electric range...

              2. 4.2.2. For hybrid electric vehicles:

                1. 4.2.2.2. Determining the OVC range of a hybrid electric vehicle

                  1. 4.2.2.2.1. The applicable type I test cycle and accompanying gearshift arrangements,...

                  2. 4.2.2.2.2. To measure the OVC range DOVC, the test criteria shall...

                  3. 4.2.2.2.3. Up to three interruptions, of no more than fifteen minutes...

                  4. 4.2.2.2.4. The total distance driven in km, rounded to the nearest...

                2. 4.2.2.3. At speeds of over 50 km/h, when the vehicle does not...

                3. 4.2.2.4. Up to three interruptions, of no more than 15 minutes...

                4. 4.2.2.5. The distance covered in km (DOVC) is the electric range...

      8. ANNEX VIII

        Test type VIII requirements: OBD environmental tests

        1. 1. Introduction

          1. 1.1. This Annex describes the procedure for type VIII testing on...

          2. 1.2. The manufacturer shall make available the defective components or electrical...

          3. 1.3. When the vehicle is tested with the defective component or...

        2. 2. OBD stage I and stage II

          1. 2.1. OBD stage I

          2. 2.2. OBD stage II

            1. 2.2.1. An L-category vehicle may be equipped with an OBD stage...

            2. 2.2.2. In such cases, the test procedures of this Annex may...

        3. 3. Description of tests

          1. 3.1. Test vehicle

            1. 3.1.1. The environmental OBD verification and demonstration tests shall be carried...

            2. 3.1.2. In case of applying the durability test procedure set out...

            3. 3.1.3. In case the OBD demonstration test requires emission measurements, the...

            4. 3.1.4. In case of applying the durability test procedure set out...

          2. 3.2. The OBD system shall indicate the failure of an emission-related...

          3. 3.3. The test type I data in the test report referred...

          4. 3.4. The list with PCU/ECU malfunctions shall be provided pursuant to...

        4. 4. OBD environmental test procedure

          1. 4.1. The testing of OBD systems consists of the following phases:...

          2. 4.2. Alternatively, at the request of the manufacturer, malfunction of one...

          3. 4.3. Manufacturers may request that monitoring take place outside the type...

          4. 4.4. For all demonstration testing, the Malfunction Indicator (MI) shall be...

        5. 5. Test vehicle and fuel

          1. 5.1. Test vehicle

          2. 5.2. The manufacturer shall set the system or component for which...

          3. 5.3. Test fuel

        6. 6. Test temperature and pressure

          1. 6.1. The test temperature and ambient pressure shall meet the requirements...

        7. 7. Test equipment

          1. 7.1. Chassis dynamometer

        8. 8. OBD environmental verification test procedures

          1. 8.1. The operating test cycle on the chassis dynamometer shall meet...

          2. 8.2. Vehicle preconditioning

            1. 8.2.1. According to the propulsion type and after introduction of one...

            2. 8.2.2. At the request of the manufacturer, alternative preconditioning methods may...

          3. 8.3. Failure modes to be tested

            1. 8.3.1. For positive-ignition propelled vehicles:

            2. 8.3.2. For vehicles equipped with a compression-ignition engine:

            3. 8.3.3. The manufacturer shall demonstrate that malfunctions of the EGR flow...

            4. 8.3.4. Any powertrain malfunction that triggers any operating mode which significantly...

          4. 8.4. OBD system environmental verification tests

            1. 8.4.1. Vehicles fitted with positive-ignition engines:

            2. 8.4.2. Vehicles fitted with compression-ignition engines.

            3. 8.4.3. Replacement of the NOx after-treatment system, where fitted, with a...

            4. 8.4.4. Replacement of the particulate matter monitoring system, where fitted, with...

      9. ANNEX IX

        Test type IX requirements: sound level

        1. 1. Introduction

        2. 2. Test procedure, measurements and results

          1. 2.1. Durability requirements of the noise abatement system shall be regarded...

          2. 2.2. When the EU has acceded to:

        3. 3. Test vehicle

          1. 3.1. The test vehicles used for type VIII sound tests and...

          2. 3.2. For vehicles propelled with compressed air, the sound shall be...

        4. Appendix 1

          Sound level test requirements for powered cycles and two-wheel mopeds (category L1e)

          1. 1. Definitions

          2. 2. Component type-approval in respect of the sound level and original...

            1. 2.1. Noise made by the two-wheel moped in motion (measuring conditions...

              1. 2.1.1. Noise limits: see Part D of Annex VI to Regulation...

              2. 2.1.2. Measuring instruments

                1. 2.1.2.1. Acoustic measurements

                2. 2.1.2.2. Speed measurements

              3. 2.1.3. Conditions of measurement

                1. 2.1.3.1. Condition of the moped

                2. 2.1.3.2. Test site

                3. 2.1.3.3. Miscellaneous

              4. 2.1.4. Method of measurement

                1. 2.1.4.1. Nature and number of measurements

                2. 2.1.4.2. Positioning of the microphone

                3. 2.1.4.3. Conditions of operation

                  1. 2.1.4.3.1. Approach speed

                  2. 2.1.4.3.2. Selection of gear ratio

              5. 2.1.5. Results (test report)

                1. 2.1.5.1. The test report according to the template referred to Article...

                2. 2.1.5.2. The measurements shall be rounded to the nearest decibel.

                3. 2.1.5.3. To take account of inaccuracies, 1,0 dB(A) shall be deducted from...

                4. 2.1.5.4. If the average of the four measurements does not exceed...

            2. 2.2. Noise from stationary moped (measuring conditions and method for testing...

              1. 2.2.1. Sound-pressure level in the immediate vicinity of the moped

              2. 2.2.2. Measuring instruments

              3. 2.2.3. Conditions of measurement

                1. 2.2.3.1. Condition of the moped

                2. 2.2.3.2. Test site (Figure Ap1-2)

                3. 2.2.3.3. Miscellaneous

              4. 2.2.4. Method of measurement

                1. 2.2.4.1. Nature and number of measurements

                2. 2.2.4.2. Positioning of the microphone (Figure Ap1-3)

                3. 2.2.4.3. Operating conditions

              5. 2.2.5. Results (test report)

                1. 2.2.5.1. The test report drawn up for the purpose of issuing...

                2. 2.2.5.2. Values shall be read off the measuring instrument and rounded...

                3. 2.2.5.3. The highest of the three measurements shall be taken as...

            3. 2.3. Original exhaust system (silencer)

              1. 2.3.1. Requirements for silencers containing absorbent fibrous materials

                1. 2.3.1.1. Absorbent fibrous material shall be asbestos-free and may be used...

                2. 2.3.1.2. After removal of the fibrous material, the noise level shall...

                3. 2.3.1.3. The absorbent fibrous material may not be placed in those...

                  1. 2.3.1.3.1. The material shall be heated at a temperature of 923,2 ±...

                  2. 2.3.1.3.2. After being heated at 923,2 ± 5 K (650 ± 5 °C) for...

                  3. 2.3.1.3.3. The material shall lose no more than 10 % of its...

                4. 2.3.1.4. Before the system is tested in accordance with point 2.1,...

                  1. 2.3.1.4.1. Conditioning by continuous road operation

                    1. 2.3.1.4.1.1. The minimum distance to be travelled during conditioning shall be...

                    2. 2.3.1.4.1.2. 50 ± 10 % of this conditioning cycle shall consist of town...

                    3. 2.3.1.4.1.3. The two types of driving shall be alternated at least...

                    4. 2.3.1.4.1.4. The complete test programme shall include at least 10 breaks...

                  2. 2.3.1.4.2. Conditioning by pulsation

                    1. 2.3.1.4.2.1. The exhaust system or components thereof shall be fitted to...

                    2. 2.3.1.4.2.2. The test equipment shall be adjusted so that the flow...

                    3. 2.3.1.4.2.3. The valve shall open when the exhaust gas back-pressure, measured...

                    4. 2.3.1.4.2.4. The time-lapse relay shall be set for the period in...

                    5. 2.3.1.4.2.5. Engine speed shall be 75 % of the speed (S) at...

                    6. 2.3.1.4.2.6. The power indicated by the dynamometer shall be 50 % of...

                    7. 2.3.1.4.2.7. Any drainage holes shall be closed off during the test....

                    8. 2.3.1.4.2.8. The entire test shall be completed within 48 hours. If...

                  3. 2.3.1.4.3. Conditioning on a test bench

                    1. 2.3.1.4.3.1. The exhaust system shall be fitted to an engine representative...

                    2. 2.3.1.4.3.2. Conditioning consists of three test-bench cycles.

                    3. 2.3.1.4.3.3. Each test-bench cycle shall be followed by a break of...

                    4. 2.3.1.4.3.4. Each test-bench cycle consists of six phases. The engine conditions...

                    5. 2.3.1.4.3.5. During this conditioning procedure, at the request of the manufacturer,...

              2. 2.3.2. Diagram and markings

                1. 2.3.2.1. A diagram and a cross-sectional drawing indicating the dimensions of...

                2. 2.3.2.2. All original silencers shall bear at least the following:

                3. 2.3.2.3. Any packing of original replacement silencer systems shall be marked...

              3. 2.3.3. Intake silencer

          3. 3. Component type-approval of a non-original exhaust system or components thereof,...

            1. 3.1. Definition

              1. 3.1.1. ‘Non-original replacement exhaust system or components thereof’ means any exhaust...

            2. 3.2. Application for component type-approval

              1. 3.2.1. Applications for component type-approval for replacement exhaust systems or components...

              2. 3.2.2. For each type of replacement exhaust system or components thereof...

              3. 3.2.3. The applicant shall submit, at the request of the technical...

            3. 3.3. Specifications

              1. 3.3.1. General specifications

              2. 3.3.2. Specifications for noise levels

                1. 3.3.2.1. The acoustic efficiency of the replacement exhaust systems or components...

              3. 3.3.3. Testing of moped performance

                1. 3.3.3.1. The replacement silencer shall be such as to ensure that...

                2. 3.3.3.2. The replacement silencer shall be compared with an originally-fitted silencer,...

                3. 3.3.3.3. This test shall be carried out by measuring the engine...

              4. 3.3.4. Additional provisions relating to silencers as separate technical units containing...

              5. 3.3.5. Evaluation of the pollutant emissions of vehicles equipped with a...

              6. 3.3.6. The marking of non-original exhaust systems or components thereof shall...

            4. 3.4. Component type-approval

              1. 3.4.1. Upon completion of the tests laid down in this Appendix,...

        5. Appendix 2

          Sound level test requirements for motorcycles (categories L3e and L4e)

          1. 1. Definitions

          2. 2. Component type-approval in respect of the sound level and original...

            1. 2.1. Noise of the motorcycle in motion (measuring conditions and method...

              1. 2.1.1. Limits: see Part D of Annex VI to Regulation (EU)...

              2. 2.1.2. Measuring instruments

                1. 2.1.2.1. Acoustic measurements

                2. 2.1.2.2. Speed measurements

              3. 2.1.3. Conditions of measurement

                1. 2.1.3.1. Condition of the motorcycle

                2. 2.1.3.2. Test site

                3. 2.1.3.3. Miscellaneous

              4. 2.1.4. Method of measurement

                1. 2.1.4.1. Nature and number of measurements

                2. 2.1.4.2. Positioning of the microphone

                3. 2.1.4.3. Conditions of operation

                  1. 2.1.4.3.1. Motorcycles with non-automatic gearboxes

                    1. 2.1.4.3.1.1. Approach speed

                    2. 2.1.4.3.1.2. Selection of gear ratio

                      1. 2.1.4.3.1.2.1. Motorcycles fitted with a gearbox with four ratios or fewer,...

                      2. 2.1.4.3.1.2.2. Motorcycles fitted with engines with a cylinder capacity not exceeding...

                      3. 2.1.4.3.1.2.3. Motorcycles fitted with engines having a cylinder capacity of more...

                      4. 2.1.4.3.1.2.4. If, during the test carried out in second gear (see...

                  2. 2.1.4.3.2 Motorcycles with automatic gearboxes

                    1. 2.1.4.3.2.1. Motorcycles without a manual selector

                      1. 2.1.4.3.2.1.1. Approach speed

                    2. 2.1.4.3.2.2. Motorcycles equipped with a manual selector with X forward drive...

                      1. 2.1.4.3.2.2.1. Approach speed

                      2. 2.1.4.3.2.2.2. Position of the manual selector

                4. 2.1.4.4. For hybrid L-category vehicles, the tests shall be performed twice...

              5. 2.1.5. Results (test report)

                1. 2.1.5.1. The test report drawn up for the purpose of issuing...

                2. 2.1.5.2. Readings taken shall be rounded to the nearest decibel.

                3. 2.1.5.3. To take account of inaccuracies, 1,0 dB(A) shall be deducted from...

                4. 2.1.5.4. If the average of the four measurements does not exceed...

                5. 2.1.5.5. If the average of four Condition A results and the...

            2. 2.2. Noise from stationary motorcycle (measuring conditions and method for testing...

              1. 2.2.1. Sound-pressure level in the immediate vicinity of the motorcycle

              2. 2.2.2. Measuring instruments

              3. 2.2.3. Conditions of measurement

                1. 2.2.3.1. Condition of the motorcycle

                2. 2.2.3.2. Test site (Figure Ap2-2)

                3. 2.2.3.3. Miscellaneous

              4. 2.2.4. Method of measurement

                1. 2.2.4.1. Nature and number of measurements

                2. 2.2.4.2. Positioning of the microphone (Figure Ap2-3)

                3. 2.2.4.3. Operating conditions

              5. 2.2.5. Results (test report)

                1. 2.2.5.1. The test report drawn up for the purpose of issuing...

                2. 2.2.5.2. Values shall be read off the measuring instrument and rounded...

                3. 2.2.5.3. The highest of the three measurements will be taken as...

            3. 2.3. Original exhaust system (silencer)

              1. 2.3.1. Requirements for silencers containing absorbent fibrous materials

                1. 2.3.1.1. Absorbent fibrous material shall be asbestos-free and may be used...

                2. 2.3.1.2. After removal of the fibrous material, the sound level shall...

                3. 2.3.1.3. The absorbent fibrous material may not be placed in those...

                  1. 2.3.1.3.1. the material shall be heated at a temperature of 650 °C...

                  2. 2.3.1.3.2. after being heated at 650 °C ± 5 °C for one hour...

                  3. 2.3.1.3.3. the material shall not lose more than 10.5 % of its...

                4. 2.3.1.4. Before the system is tested in accordance with point 2.1,...

                  1. 2.3.1.4.1. Conditioning by continuous road operation

                    1. 2.3.1.4.1.1. Table Ap2-1 shows the minimum distance to be travelled for...

                    2. 2.3.1.4.1.2 50 ± 10 % of this conditioning cycle shall consist of town...

                    3. 2.3.1.4.1.3. The two types of driving shall be alternated at least...

                    4. 2.3.1.4.1.4. The complete test programme shall include at least ten breaks...

                  2. 2.3.1.4.2. Conditioning by pulsation

                    1. 2.3.1.4.2.1. The exhaust system or components thereof shall be fitted to...

                    2. 2.3.1.4.2.2. The test equipment shall be adjusted so that the flow...

                    3. 2.3.1.4.2.3 The valve shall open when the exhaust gas back-pressure, measured...

                    4. 2.3.1.4.2.4. The time-lapse relay shall be set for the period in...

                    5. 2.3.1.4.2.5. Engine speed shall be 75 % of the speed (S) at...

                    6. 2.3.1.4.2.6. The power indicated by the dynamometer shall be 50 % of...

                    7. 2.3.1.4.2.7. Any drainage holes shall be closed off during the test....

                    8. 2.3.1.4.2.8. The entire test shall be completed within 48 hours. If...

                  3. 2.3.1.4.3. Conditioning on a test bench

                    1. 2.3.1.4.3.1. The exhaust system shall be fitted to an engine representative...

                    2. 2.3.1.4.3.2. Conditioning consists of the specified number of test bench cycles...

                    3. 2.3.1.4.3.3. Each test-bench cycle shall be followed by a break of...

                    4. 2.3.1.4.3.4. Each test-bench cycle consists of six phases. The engine conditions...

                    5. 2.3.1.4.3.5. During this conditioning procedure, at the request of the manufacturer,...

              2. 2.3.2. Diagram and markings

                1. 2.3.2.1. A diagram and a cross-sectional drawing indicating the dimensions of...

                2. 2.3.2.2. All original silencers shall bear at least the following:

                3. 2.3.2.3. Any packing of original replacement silencer systems shall be marked...

              3. 2.3.3. Intake silencer

          3. 3. Component type-approval of a non-original exhaust system or components thereof,...

            1. 3.1. Definition

              1. 3.1.1. ‘Non-original replacement exhaust system or components thereof’ means any exhaust...

            2. 3.2. Application for component type-approval

              1. 3.2.1. Applications for component type-approval for replacement exhaust systems or components...

              2. 3.2.2. For each type of replacement exhaust system or components thereof...

              3. 3.2.3. The applicant shall submit, at the request of the technical...

            3. 3.3. Markings and inscriptions

              1. 3.3.1. Non-original exhaust systems or components thereof shall be marked in...

            4. 3.4. Component type-approval

              1. 3.4.1. Upon completion of the tests laid down in this Appendix,...

            5. 3.5. Specifications

              1. 3.5.1. General specifications

              2. 3.5.2. Specifications for sound levels

                1. 3.5.2.1. The acoustic efficiency of the replacement exhaust systems or components...

              3. 3.5.3. Testing of motorcycle performance

                1. 3.5.3.1. The replacement silencer shall be such as to ensure that...

                2. 3.5.3.2. The replacement silencer shall be compared with an originally-fitted silencer,...

                3. 3.5.3.3. This test is carried out by measuring the engine power...

              4. 3.5.4. Additional provisions relating to silencers as separate technical units containing...

              5. 3.5.5. Evaluation of the pollutant emissions of vehicles equipped with a...

        6. Appendix 3

          Sound level test requirements for three-wheel mopeds, tricycles and quadricycles (categories L2e, L5e, L6e and L7e)

          1. 1. Definitions

          2. 2. Component type-approval in respect of the sound level and original...

            1. 2.1. Noise of the three-wheel moped, tricycle or quadricycle (measuring conditions...

              1. 2.1.1. The vehicle, its engine and its exhaust system shall be...

              2. 2.1.2. The exhaust system shall be designed, constructed and mounted to...

            2. 2.2. Specifications for noise levels

              1. 2.2.1. Limits: see Part D of Annex VI to Regulation (EU)...

              2. 2.2.2. Measuring instruments

                1. 2.2.2.1. The apparatus used for measuring the noise level shall be...

                2. 2.2.2.2. Speed measurements.

              3. 2.2.3. Conditions of measurement

                1. 2.2.3.1. Condition of the vehicle

                  1. 2.2.3.1.1. The measurements shall be taken with the vehicles unladen and...

                2. 2.2.3.2. Test site

                3. 2.2.3.3. Miscellaneous

              4. 2.2.4. Method of measurement

                1. 2.2.4.1. Nature and number of measurements

                2. 2.2.4.2. Positioning of the microphone

                3. 2.2.4.3. Conditions of operation

                  1. 2.2.4.3.1. In the case of articulated vehicles consisting of two inseparable...

                4. 2.2.4.4. Determining the steady speed to be adopted

                  1. 2.2.4.4.1. Vehicle without gearbox

                  2. 2.2.4.4.2. Vehicle with manual gearbox

                  3. 2.2.4.4.3. Vehicle with automatic gearbox

                5. 2.2.4.5. For hybrid vehicle, the tests shall be performed twice under...

              5. 2.2.5. Results (test report)

                1. 2.2.5.1. The test report drawn up for the purpose of issuing...

                2. 2.2.5.2. The values taken shall be rounded to the nearest decibel....

                3. 2.2.5.3. To take account of inaccuracies, 1,0 dB(A) shall be deducted from...

                4. 2.2.5.4. If the average of the four measurements does not exceed...

                5. 2.2.5.5. If the average of four results of Condition A and...

            3. 2.3. Measurement of the noise of the stationary vehicle (for testing...

              1. 2.3.1. Sound-pressure level in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle

              2. 2.3.2. Measuring instruments

              3. 2.3.3. Conditions of measurement

                1. 2.3.3.1. Condition of the vehicle

                2. 2.3.3.2. Test site (see Figure Ap3-3)

                3. 2.3.3.3. Miscellaneous

              4. 2.3.4. Method of measurement

                1. 2.3.4.1. Nature and number of measurements

                2. 2.3.4.2. Positioning of the microphone (Figure Ap3-3)

                3. 2.3.4.3. Operating conditions

              5. 2.3.5. Results (test report)

                1. 2.3.5.1. The test report drawn up for the purpose of issuing...

                2. 2.3.5.2. Values read off the measuring instrument shall be rounded to...

                3. 2.3.5.3. The highest of the three measurements shall be taken as...

            4. 2.4. Original exhaust system (silencer)

              1. 2.4.1. Requirements for silencers containing absorbent fibrous materials

                1. 2.4.1.1. Absorbent fibrous material shall be asbestos-free and may be used...

                2. 2.4.1.2. After removal of the fibrous material, the sound level shall...

                3. 2.4.1.3. The absorbent fibrous material may not be placed in those...

                  1. 2.4.1.3.1. The material shall be heated at a temperature of 650 °C...

                  2. 2.4.1.3.2. After being heated at 923,2 ± 5 K (650 ± 5 °C) for...

                  3. 2.4.1.3.3. The material shall lose no more than 10,5 % of its...

                4. 2.4.1.4. Before the system is tested it shall be put in...

                  1. 2.4.1.4.1. Conditioning by continuous road operation

                    1. 2.4.1.4.1.1. The table Ap3-1 shows the minimum distance to be travelled...

                    2. 2.4.1.4.1.2. 50 % ± 10 % of this conditioning cycle shall consist of...

                    3. 2.4.1.4.1.3. The two types of driving shall be alternated at least...

                    4. 2.4.1.4.1.4. The complete test programme shall include at least ten breaks...

                  2. 2.4.1.4.2. Conditioning by pulsation

                    1. 2.4.1.4.2.1. The exhaust system or components thereof shall be fitted to...

                    2. 2.4.1.4.2.2. The test equipment shall be adjusted so that the flow...

                    3. 2.4.1.4.2.3. The valve shall open when the exhaust gas back-pressure, measured...

                    4. 2.4.1.4.2.4. The time-lapse relay shall be set for the period in...

                    5. 2.4.1.4.2.5. Engine speed shall be 75 % of the speed (S) at...

                    6. 2.4.1.4.2.6. The power indicated by the dynamometer shall be 50 % of...

                    7. 2.4.1.4.2.7. Any drainage holes shall be closed off during the test....

                    8. 2.4.1.4.2.8. The entire test shall be completed within 48 hours. If...

                  3. 2.4.1.4.3. Conditioning on a test bench

                    1. 2.4.1.4.3.1. The exhaust system shall be fitted to an engine representative...

                    2. 2.4.1.4.3.2. Conditioning consists of the specified number of test-bench cycles for...

                    3. 2.4.1.4.3.3. Each test-bench cycle shall be followed by a break of...

                    4. 2.4.1.4.3.4. Each test-bench cycle consists of six phases. The engine conditions...

                    5. 2.4.1.4.3.5. During this conditioning procedure, at the request of the manufacturer,...

              2. 2.4.2. Diagram and markings

                1. 2.4.2.1. A diagram and a cross-sectional drawing indicating the dimensions of...

                2. 2.4.2.2. All original silencers shall bear at least the following:

                3. 2.4.2.3. Any packing of original replacement silencer systems shall be marked...

              3. 2.4.3. Intake silencer

          3. 3. Component type-approval in respect of a non-original exhaust system or...

            1. 3.1. Definition

              1. 3.1.1. ‘Non-original replacement exhaust system or components thereof’ means any exhaust...

            2. 3.2. Application for component type-approval

              1. 3.2.1. Applications for component type-approval for replacement exhaust systems or components...

              2. 3.2.2. For each type of replacement exhaust system or components thereof...

              3. 3.2.3. At the request of the technical service, the applicant shall...

            3. 3.3. Markings and inscriptions

              1. 3.3.1. Non-original exhaust systems or components thereof shall be marked in...

            4. 3.4. Component type-approval

              1. 3.4.1. Upon completion of the tests laid down in this Appendix,...

            5. 3.5. Specifications

              1. 3.5.1. General specifications

              2. 3.5.2. Specifications for noise levels

                1. 3.5.2.1. The acoustic efficiency of the replacement exhaust systems or components...

                2. 3.5.2.1.1. they shall not exceed the noise-level values measured, in accordance...

              3. 3.5.3. Testing of vehicle performance

                1. 3.5.3.1. The replacement silencer shall be such as to ensure that...

                2. 3.5.3.2. The replacement silencer shall be compared with an originally-fitted silencer,...

                3. 3.5.3.3. This test is carried out by measuring the engine power...

              4. 3.5.4. Additional provisions relating to silencers as separate technical units containing...

              5. 3.5.5. Evaluation of the pollutant emissions of vehicles equipped with a...

        7. Appendix 4

          Test track specification

          1. 0. Introduction

          2. 1. Required characteristics of surface

            1. 1.1. Residual void content

            2. 1.2. Noise absorption coefficient

            3. 1.3. Texture depth

            4. 1.4. Homogeneity of the surface

            5. 1.5. Period of testing

          3. 2. Test surface design

            1. 2.1. Area

            2. 2.2. Design requirements for the surface

          4. 3. Test methods

            1. 3.1 Measurement of the residual void content

            2. 3.2. Noise absorption coefficient

            3. 3.3. Volumetric macro texture measurement

          5. 4. Stability in time and maintenance

            1. 4.1. Age influence

            2. 4.2. Maintenance of the surface.

            3. 4.3. Repaving the test area

          6. 5. Documentation of the surface and of tests performed on it...

            1. 5.1. Documentation of the test surface

            2. 5.2. Documentation of vehicle noise tests

      10. ANNEX X

        Testing procedures and technical requirements as regards propulsion unit performance

        1. 1. Introduction

          1. 1.1. In this Annex requirements are set out with regard to...

          2. 1.2. The requirements are custom tailored for L-category vehicles equipped with...

        2. 2. Test procedures

        3. Appendix 1

          Requirements concerning the method for measuring the maximum design vehicle speed

          1. 1. Scope

          2. 2. Test vehicle

            1. 2.1. The test vehicles used for propulsion unit performance tests shall...

            2. 2.2. Preparation of the test vehicle

              1. 2.2.1. The test vehicle shall be clean and only those accessories...

              2. 2.2.2. The fuel-supply and the ignition settings, the viscosity of the...

              3. 2.2.3. The engine, drive train and tyres of the test vehicle...

              4. 2.2.4. Before the test, all parts of the test vehicle shall...

              5. 2.2.5. The test vehicle shall be submitted at its mass in...

              6. 2.2.6. The distribution of the loadings across the wheels of the...

          3. 3. Driver

            1. 3.1. Uncabbed vehicle

              1. 3.1.1. The driver shall have a mass of 75 kg ± 5 kg and be...

              2. 3.1.2. The driver shall wear an adjusted one-piece suit or equivalent...

              3. 3.1.3. The driver shall be seated on the driver’s seat with...

            2. 3.2. Cabbed vehicle

              1. 3.2.1. The driver shall have a mass of 75 kg ± 5 kg. For mopeds,...

          4. 4. Characteristics of the test track

            1. 4.1. The tests shall be carried out on a road:

            2. 4.2. The possible configurations for the measuring base are illustrated in...

            3. 4.3. Length L of the measuring base shall be selected in...

          5. 5. Atmospheric conditions

          6. 6. Test procedures

            1. 6.1. L1e vehicles equipped with power-controlled pedal assistance shall be tested...

            2. 6.2. The gear ratio used during the test shall enable the...

            3. 6.3. Drivers of uncabbed vehicles shall maintain their driving position as...

            4. 6.4. The vehicle shall arrive at the measuring base at a...

              1. 6.4.1. Testing in a single direction may be accepted on a...

            5. 6.5. Both bases L on a type 3 measuring base shall...

              1. 6.5.1. If the measuring base coincides with the total length of...

            6. 6.6. The fuel and lubricant shall be those recommended by the...

            7. 6.7. The total time t needed to travel along the measuring...

            8. 6.8. Determination of average speed

              1. 6.8.1. Type 1 and type 2 measuring base

              2. 6.8.2. Type 2 measuring base, travelled along in a single direction...

              3. 6.8.3. Type 3 measuring base

                1. 6.8.3.1. Measuring base consisting of two parts L (see point 4.2.3.1.)...

                2. 6.8.3.2. Measuring base coinciding with the total length of the annular...

            9. 6.9. The average speed shall be measured at least twice in...

          7. 7. Maximum vehicle speed

          8. 8. Maximum vehicle speed measurement tolerances

            1. 8.1. The maximum vehicle speed, as determined by the technical service...

        4. Appendix 1.1

          Procedure for defining the correction coefficient for the annular vehicle speed-test track

          1. 1. Coefficient k relating to the annular test track shall be...

          2. 2. Coefficient k shall be plotted for several vehicle speeds in...

          3. 3. For each vehicle speed selected, the test shall be carried...

          4. 4. For each vehicle speed measured, values va and vd shall...

          5. 5. The coefficient k is given by the following formula for...

        5. Appendix 2

          Requirements concerning the methods for measuring the maximum torque and maximum net power of a propulsion containing a combustion engine or a hybrid propulsion type

          1. 1. General requirements

            1. 1.1. Appendix 2.1. shall apply for the purpose of determining the...

            2. 1.2. Appendix 2.2. shall apply for the purpose of determining the...

            3. 1.3. Appendix 2.3. shall apply for the purpose of determining the...

            4. 1.4. Appendix 2.4. shall apply for the purpose of determining the...

            5. 1.5. The torque measuring system shall be calibrated to take friction...

            6. 1.6. The tests may be carried out in air-conditioned test chambers...

            7. 1.7. In the case of non-conventional propulsion types and systems, and...

          2. 2. Torque verification requirement for L7e-B heavy all-terrain quads

        6. Appendix 2.1

          Determination of the maximum torque and maximum net power of spark-ignition engines for vehicle categories L1e, L2e and L6e

          1. 1. Accuracy of maximum torque and maximum net power measurements under...

            1. 1.1. Torque: ± 2 % of torque measured.

            2. 1.2. Rotational speed: the measurement shall be accurate to ± 1 % of...

            3. 1.3. Fuel consumption ± 2 % for all the devices used.

            4. 1.4. Temperature of engine induction air: ± 2 K.

            5. 1.5. Barometric pressure: ± 70 Pa.

            6. 1.6. Pressure in the exhaust and under pressure of the intake...

          2. 2. Test for the measurements of maximum torque and maximum net...

            1. 2.1. Accessories

              1. 2.1.1. Accessories to be fitted

              2. 2.1.2. Table Ap2.1-1 Accessories to be fitted during the propulsion unit...

              3. 2.1.3. Accessories not to be fitted

              4. 2.1.4. The radiator, fan, fan nozzle, water pump and thermostat shall,...

            2. 2.2. Setting conditions

            3. 2.3. Test conditions

              1. 2.3.1. The tests to determine maximum torque and maximum net power...

              2. 2.3.2. The measurements shall be carried out under normal, stable operating...

              3. 2.3.3. The test conditions selected, such as the temperature of the...

              4. 2.3.4. The temperature of the engine induction air (ambient air) shall...

              5. 2.3.5. No measurement shall be taken until the torque, rate of...

              6. 2.3.6. Once a rate of rotation has been selected for the...

              7. 2.3.7. Observed brake load and inlet-air temperature data shall be taken...

              8. 2.3.8. Where an automatically triggered device is used to measure rotational...

              9. 2.3.9. The temperature of the liquid coolant recorded at the engine...

              10. 2.3.10. The fuel temperature shall be measured at the carburettor or...

              11. 2.3.11. The temperature of the lubricating oil measured in the oil...

              12. 2.3.12. The outlet temperature of the exhaust gases shall be measured...

              13. 2.3.13. Test fuel

            4. 2.4. Test procedure

            5. 2.5. The data to be recorded shall be those set out...

          3. 3. Power and torque correction factors

            1. 3.1. Definition of factors α1 and α2

              1. 3.1.1. α1 and α2 shall be factors by which the torque...

            2. 3.2. Reference atmospheric conditions

              1. 3.2.1. Temperature: 298,2 K (25 °C)

              2. 3.2.2. Dry reference pressure (pso): 99 kPa (990 mbar)

              3. 3.2.3. Atmospheric test conditions

                1. 3.2.3.1. During the test, the atmospheric conditions shall lie within the...

            3. 3.3. Determination of the correction factor α1

              1. 3.3.1. Equation Ap2.1-2 applies only if:

            4. 3.4. Determination of the correction factor for mechanical efficiency of the...

              1. 3.4.1. Table Ap2.1-3 Efficiency nj of each of the components of...

          4. 4. Maximum torque and maximum net power measurement tolerances

        7. Appendix 2.2

          Determination of the maximum torque and maximum net power of spark-ignition engines for vehicle categories L3e, L4e, L5e and L7e

          1. 1. Accuracy of the measurements of maximum net power and maximum...

            1. 1.1. Torque: ± 1 % of the torque measured.

            2. 1.2. Rotational speed: the measurement shall be accurate to +/– 1 % of...

            3. 1.3. Fuel consumption: ± 1 % overall for the apparatus used.

            4. 1.4. Engine inlet air temperature: ± 1 K.

            5. 1.5. Barometric pressure ± 70 Pa

            6. 1.6. Exhaust pressure and drop in intake air: ± 25 Pa

          2. 2. Tests to measure the maximum torque and maximum net engine...

            1. 2.1. Accessories

              1. 2.1.1. Accessories to be fitted

              2. 2.1.2. Table Ap2.2-1 Accessories to be fitted during the propulsion unit...

              3. 2.1.3. Accessories to be removed

            2. 2.2. Setting conditions

            3. 2.3. Test conditions

              1. 2.3.1. The maximum-torque and net-power tests shall be conducted at full...

              2. 2.3.2. The measurements shall be carried out under normal, stabilised operating...

              3. 2.3.3. The test conditions selected, such as air inlet temperature, shall...

              4. 2.3.4. Where the cooling system on the test bench meets the...

              5. 2.3.5. The minimum conditions which shall be fulfilled by the test...

              6. 2.3.6. The temperature of the (ambient) inlet air to the engine...

              7. 2.3.7. No data shall be taken until torque, speed and temperature...

              8. 2.3.8. The engine speed during a run or reading shall not...

              9. 2.3.9. Observed brake load and inlet-air temperature data shall be taken...

              10. 2.3.10. The temperature of the coolant at the outlet from the...

              11. 2.3.11. The fuel temperature shall be measured at the inlet of...

              12. 2.3.12. The temperature of the lubricating oil measured in the oil...

              13. 2.3.13. The outlet temperature of the exhaust gases shall be measured...

              14. 2.3.14. Where an automatically triggered device is used to measure engine...

              15. 2.3.15. Test fuel

              16. 2.3.16. If it is not possible to use the standard exhaust...

            4. 2.4. Test procedure

            5. 2.5. Data to be recorded

          3. 3. Power and torque correction factors

            1. 3.1. Definition of factors α1 and α2

              1. 3.1.1. α1 and α2 shall be factors by which the torque...

            2. 3.2. Reference atmospheric conditions

              1. 3.2.1. Temperature: 298,2 K (25 °C)

              2. 3.2.2. Dry reference pressure (pso): 99 kPa (990 mbar)

              3. 3.2.3. Atmospheric test conditions

                1. 3.2.3.1. During the test, the atmospheric conditions shall lie within the...

            3. 3.3. Determination of the correction factor α1 8

              1. 3.3.1. Equation Ap2.2-2 applies only if:

            4. 3.4. Determination of the correction factor for mechanical efficiency of the...

              1. 3.4.1. Table Ap2.1-3 Efficiency nj of each of the components of...

          4. 4. Maximum torque and maximum net power measurement tolerances

        8. Appendix 2.2.1

          Measurement of maximum torque and maximum net engine power by means of the engine-temperature method

          1. 1. Test conditions

            1. 1.1. The tests to determine maximum torque and maximum net power...

            2. 1.2. The measurements shall be taken under normal operating conditions and...

            3. 1.3. The temperature of the air ingested into the engine shall...

            4. 1.4. The engine speed during a measurement run shall not deviate...

            5. 1.5. The brake load readings for the test engine shall be...

            6. 1.6. Brake load, fuel consumption and inlet air-temperature readings shall be...

            7. 1.7. The fuel consumption readings shall begin when it is certain...

            8. 1.8. Where the engine is liquid-cooled, the temperature of the coolant...

            9. 1.9. The temperature of the spark-plug washers on air-cooled engines shall...

            10. 1.10. The fuel temperature at the inlet of the injection pump...

            11. 1.11. The temperature of the lubricating oil, measured in the oil...

            12. 1.12. The exhaust gas temperature shall be measured at a point...

            13. 1.13. The fuel used shall be that referred to in appendix...

            14. 1.14. If it is not possible to use the standard exhaust...

        9. Appendix 2.3

          Determination of the maximum torque and maximum net power of L-category vehicles equipped with a compression ignition engine

          1. 1. Accuracy of the measurement of full load torque and power...

            1. 1.1. Torque: ± 1 % of measured torque

            2. 1.2. Engine speed

            3. 1.3. Fuel consumption: ± 1 % of measured consumption.

            4. 1.4. Fuel temperature: ± 2 K.

            5. 1.5. Engine inlet air temperature: ± 2 K.

            6. 1.6. Barometric pressure: ± 100 Pa.

            7. 1.7. Pressure in inlet manifold: ± 50 Pa.

            8. 1.8. Pressure in vehicle exhaust pipe: 200 Pa.

          2. 2. Tests to measure the maximum torque and maximum net engine...

            1. 2.1. Accessories

              1. 2.1.1. Accessories to be fitted

              2. 2.1.2. Table Ap2.3-1 Accessories to be fitted during the propulsion unit...

              3. 2.1.3. Accessories to be removed

              4. 2.1.4. Compression-ignition engine starting accessories

            2. 2.2. Setting conditions

            3. 2.3. Test conditions

              1. 2.3.1. The maximum-torque and net-power tests shall be conducted at full...

              2. 2.3.2. The measurements shall be carried out under normal, stabilised operating...

              3. 2.3.3. The test conditions selected, such as air inlet temperature, shall...

              4. 2.3.4. The temperature of the (ambient) inlet air to the engine...

              5. 2.3.7. No data shall be taken until torque, speed and temperature...

              6. 2.3.8. The engine speed during a run or reading shall not...

              7. 2.3.9. Observed brake-load and inlet-air temperature data shall be taken simultaneously...

              8. 2.3.10. The temperature of the coolant at the outlet from the...

              9. 2.3.11. The fuel temperature shall be measured at the inlet of...

              10. 2.3.12. The temperature of the lubricating oil measured in the oil...

              11. 2.3.13. The outlet temperature of the exhaust gases shall be measured...

              12. 2.3.14. An auxiliary regulating system may be used if necessary to...

              13. 2.3.15. Where an automatically triggered device is used to measure engine...

              14. 2.3.16. Test fuel

              15. 2.3.17. If it is not possible to use the standard exhaust...

            4. 2.4. Test procedure

            5. 2.5. Measurement of smoke index

            6. 2.6. Data to be recorded

          3. 3. Power and torque correction factors

            1. 3.1. Definition of factors αd and α2

              1. 3.1.1. αd and α2 shall be factors by which the torque...

            2. 3.2. Reference atmospheric conditions

              1. 3.2.1. Temperature: 298,2 K (25 °C)

              2. 3.2.2. Dry reference pressure (pso): 99 kPa (990 mbar)

              3. 3.2.3. Atmospheric test conditions

                1. 3.2.3.1. During the test, the atmospheric conditions shall lie within the...

            3. 3.3. Determination of the correction factor αd

              1. 3.3.1. Atmospheric factor fa

                1. 3.3.1.1. Naturally aspirated and mechanically supercharged engines

                2. 3.3.1.2. Turbocharger engines or without cooling of inlet air

              2. 3.3.2. Engine factor fm

                1. 3.3.2.1. This formula is valid for a value interval of qc...

                2. 3.3.2.2. Figure Ap2.3-1 Characteristic parameter fm for each type of engine...

              3. 3.3.3. Conditions to be complied with in the laboratory

          4. 4. Measuring maximum torque and maximum net power tolerances

        10. Appendix 2.4

          Determination of the maximum torque and maximum power of L-category vehicles equipped with a hybrid propulsion

          1. 1. Requirements

            1. 1.1. Hybrid propulsion including a positive ignition combustion engine

            2. 1.2. Hybrid propulsion including a compression ignition combustion engine

            3. 1.3. Hybrid propulsion including an electric motor

            4. 1.4. If the hybrid technology used on the vehicle allows multi-mode...

          2. 2. Manufacturer’s obligation

        11. Appendix 3

          Requirements concerning the methods for measuring the maximum torque and maximum continuous rated power of a pure electric propulsion type

          1. 1. Requirements

            1. 1.1. L-category vehicles equipped with a pure electric propulsion shall meet...

            2. 1.2. By means of derogation if the manufacturer can prove to...

        12. Appendix 4

          Requirements concerning the method for measuring the maximum continuous rated power, switch-off distance and maximum assistance factor of an L1e category vehicle designed to pedal referred to in Article 3(94b) of Regulation (EU) No 168/2013

          1. 1. Scope

            1. 1.1. Sub-category L1e-A vehicle;

            2. 1.2. Sub-category L1e-B vehicle equipped with pedal assistance referred to in...

          2. 2. Exemption

          3. 3. Test procedures and requirements

            1. 3.1. Test procedure to measure the maximum design vehicle speed up...

            2. 3.2. Test procedure to measure the maximum continuous rated power

            3. 3.3. Test procedure to measure the maximum peak power

              1. 3.3.1. Acceptable range maximum peak power as compared with maximum continuous...

              2. 3.3.2. Tolerances

              3. 3.3.3. Power correction factors

                1. 3.3.3.1. Definition of factor α1 and α2

                  1. 3.3.3.1.1. α1 and α2 shall be factors by which the torque...

              4. 3.3.4. Atmospheric test conditions

                1. 3.3.4.1. During the test, the atmospheric conditions shall lie within the...

              5. 3.3.5. Test preparations

                1. 3.3.5.1. The test vehicle shall be mounted on a test bench....

                2. 3.3.5.2. The test vehicle shall be powered by its corresponding battery....

                3. 3.3.5.3. The propulsion batter(y)/(ies) shall be fully charged.

                4. 3.3.5.4. One motor of the test bench shall be attached to...

                5. 3.3.5.5. A brake or a motor shall be attached to a...

                6. 3.3.5.6. For vehicles equipped with a motor driving the front wheel,...

                7. 3.3.5.7. If the assistance level of the vehicle is variable, it...

                8. 3.3.5.8. Peripheral devices powered by the power supply of the vehicle...

                9. 3.3.5.9. Prior to start of the measurement, the cadence of the...

                10. 3.3.5.10. Subsequently, the test-bench crank motor torque shall be varied to...

            4. 3.4. Test procedure to measure and calculate the maximum motor power...

              1. 3.4.1. The maximum power shall be measured for five minutes (maximum...

              2. 3.4.2. The maximum motor power of the vehicle shall be calculated...

              3. 3.4.3. Data to be recorded

            5. 3.5. Test procedure to measure the switch-off distance

            6. 3.5. Test procedure to measure the maximum assistance factor

              1. 3.5.1. The ambient temperature shall be between 278,2 K and 318,2 K.

              2. 3.5.2. The test vehicle shall be powered by its corresponding propulsion...

              3. 3.5.3. The battery shall be fully charged using the charger to...

              4. 3.5.4. One motor of the test bench shall be attached to...

              5. 3.5.5. A brake or a motor simulating the losses and inertia...

              6. 3.5.6. For vehicles equipped with a motor driving the front wheel,...

              7. 3.5.7. If the assistance level of the vehicle is variable, it...

              8. 3.5.8. The following points of operation shall be tested:

              9. 3.5.9. The maximum assistance factor shall be calculated according to the...

      11. ANNEX XI

        Vehicle propulsion family with regard to environmental performance demonstration tests

        1. 1. Introduction

          1. 1.1. In order to alleviate the test burden on manufacturers when...

          2. 1.2. An L-category vehicle may continue to be regarded as belonging...

          3. 1.3. Vehicle and propulsion family attribution with regard to environmental tests...

        2. 2. Definitions

        3. 3. Classification criteria

          1. 3.1. Test types I, II, V, VII and VIII (‘X’ in...

          2. 3.2. Test types III and IV (‘X’ in Table 11-2 means...

        4. 5. Extension of type-approval regarding test type IV

          1. 5.1. The type-approval shall be extended to vehicles equipped with a...

          2. 5.2. The manufacturer may request to use one of the following...

            1. 5.2.1. Carry-across approach

            2. 5.2.2. Worst-case configuration approach

      12. ANNEX XII

        Amendment of part A of Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 168/2013

        1. 1. Part A of Annex V to Regulation (EU) No 168/2013...

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