Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 134/2014Show full title

Appendix 3.3 Method of measuring the electric range of vehicles powered by an electric powertrain only or by a hybrid electric powertrain and the OVC range of vehicles powered by a hybrid electric powertrain

1. Measurement of the electric range

The following test method set out in point 4 shall be used to measure the electric range, expressed in km, of vehicles powered by an electric power train only or the electric range and OVC range of vehicles powered by a hybrid electric powertrain with off-vehicle charging (OVC HEV) as defined in Appendix 3.

2. Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements

Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements shall be as follows:

Table Ap3.3.-1

Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements

Parameter	Unit	Accuracy	Resolution
Time	s	± 0,1 s	0,1 s
Distance	m	± 0,1 percent	1 m
Temperature	K	± 1 K	1 K
Speed	km/h	± 1 percent	0,2 km/h
Mass	kg	± 0,5 percent	1 kg

3. Test conditions

3.1. Condition of the vehicle

3.1.1. The vehicle tyres shall be inflated to the pressure specified by the vehicle manufacturer when the tyres are at the ambient temperature.

3.1.2. The viscosity of the oils for the mechanical moving parts shall conform to the vehicle manufacturer’s specifications.

3.1.3. The lighting and signalling and auxiliary devices shall be off, except those required for the testing and usual daytime operation of the vehicle.

3.1.4. All energy storage systems for other than traction purposes (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) shall be charged to their maximum level as specified by the manufacturer.

3.1.5. If the batteries are operated above the ambient temperature, the operator shall follow the procedure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer in order to keep the battery temperature in the normal operating range. The manufacturer shall be in a position to attest that the thermal management system of the battery is neither disabled nor reduced.

3.1.6. The vehicle shall have travelled at least 300 km in the seven days before the test with the batteries installed for the test.

3.2. Climatic conditions

For testing performed outdoors, the ambient temperature shall be between 278,2 K and 305,2 K (5 °C and 32 °C).

The indoor testing shall be performed at a temperature of between 275,2 K and 303,2 K (2 °C and 30 °C).

4. Operation modes

The test method includes the following steps:

(a)

initial charge of the battery;

(b)

application of the cycle and measurement of the electric range.

If the vehicle shall move between the steps, it shall be pushed to the next test area (without regenerative recharging).

4.1. Initial charge of the battery

Charging the battery consists of the following procedure:

4.1.1. The ‘initial charge’ of the battery means the first charge of the battery, on reception of the vehicle. Where several combined tests or measurements are carried out consecutively, the first charge shall be an ‘initial charge’ and the subsequent charges may follow the ‘normal overnight charge’ procedure set out in 3.2.2.4. of Appendix 3.

4.1.2. Discharge of the battery

4.1.2.1. For pure electric vehicles:

4.1.2.1.1.

The procedure starts with the discharge of the battery of the vehicle while driving (on the test track, on a chassis dynamometer, etc.) at a steady speed of 70 percent ± 5 percent of the maximum design vehicle speed, which is to be determined according to the test procedure in Appendix 1 to Annex X.

4.1.2.1.2.

Discharging shall stop under any of the following conditions:

(a)

when the vehicle is unable to run at 65 percent of the maximum thirty minutes speed;

(b)

when the standard on-board instrumentation indicates that the vehicle should be stopped;

(c)

after 100 km.

By means of derogation if the manufacturer can prove to the technical service to the satisfaction of the approval authority that the vehicle is physically not capable of achieving the thirty minutes speed the maximum fifteen minute speed may be used instead.

4.1.2.2. For externally chargeable hybrid electric vehicles (OVC HEV) without an operating mode switch as defined in Appendix 3:

4.1.2.2.1.

The manufacturer shall provide the means for taking the measurement with the vehicle running in pure electric operating state.

4.1.2.2.2.

The procedure shall start with the discharge of the electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle while driving (on the test track, on a chassis dynamometer, etc.) in any of the following conditions:

• at a steady speed of 50 km/h until the fuel-consuming engine of the HEV starts up;

• if a vehicle cannot reach a steady speed of 50 km/h without the fuel-consuming engine starting up, the speed shall be reduced until it can run at a lower steady speed at which the fuel-consuming engine does not start up for a defined time or distance (to be determined by the technical service and the manufacturer to the satisfaction of the approval authority);

• in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation.

The fuel-consuming engine shall be stopped within ten seconds of being automatically started.

4.1.2.3. For externally chargeable hybrid electric vehicles (OVC HEV) with an operating mode switch as defined in Appendix 3:

4.1.2.3.1.

If the mode switch does not have a pure electric position, the manufacturer shall provide the means for taking the measurement with the vehicle running in pure electric operating state.

4.1.2.3.2.

The procedure shall start with the discharge of the electrical energy/power storage device of the vehicle while driving with the switch in pure electric position (on the test track, on a chassis dynamometer, etc.) at a steady speed of 70 percent ± 5 percent of the maximum design vehicle speed of the vehicle in pure electric mode, which is to be determined according to the test procedure in Appendix 1 to Annex X.

4.1.2.3.3.

Discharging shall stop in any of the following conditions:

• when the vehicle is unable to run at 65 percent of the maximum thirty minutes speed;

• when the standard on-board instrumentation indicates that the vehicle should be stopped;

• after 100 km.

By means of derogation if the manufacturer can prove to the technical service to the satisfaction of the approval authority that the vehicle is physically not capable of achieving the thirty minutes speed the maximum fifteen minute speed may be used instead.

4.1.2.3.4.

If the vehicle is not equipped with a pure electric operating state, the electrical energy/power storage device shall be discharged by driving the vehicle (on the test track, on a chassis dynamometer, etc.):

• at a steady speed of 50 km/h until the fuel-consuming engine of the HEV starts up; or

• if a vehicle cannot reach a steady speed of 50 km/h without the fuel-consuming engine starting up, the speed shall be reduced until it can run at a lower steady speed at which the fuel-consuming engine does not start up for a defined time or distance (to be determined by the technical service and the manufacturer to the satisfaction of the approval authority); or

• in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation.

The fuel-consuming engine shall be stopped within ten seconds of being automatically started.

4.1.3. Normal overnight charge

For a pure electric vehicle, the battery shall be charged according to the normal overnight charge procedure, as defined in point 2.4.1.2. of Appendix 2, for a period not exceeding twelve hours.

For an OVC HEV, the battery shall be charged according to the normal overnight charge procedure as described in point 3.2.2.4. of Appendix 3.

4.2. Application of the cycle and measurement of the range

4.2.1. For pure electric vehicles:

4.2.1.1. The test sequence set out in the Appendices shall be carried out on a chassis dynamometer adjusted as described in Annex II, until the test criteria are met.

4.2.1.2. The test criteria shall be deemed as having been met when the vehicle is unable to meet the target curve up to 50 km/h, or when the standard on-board instrumentation indicates that the vehicle should be stopped.

The vehicle shall then be slowed to 5 km/h without braking by releasing the accelerator pedal, and then stopped by braking.

4.2.1.3. At speeds of over 50 km/h, when the vehicle does not reach the acceleration or speed required for the test cycle, the accelerator pedal shall remain fully depressed, or the accelerator handle shall be turned fully, until the reference curve has been reached again.

4.2.1.4. Up to three interruptions, of no more than 15 minutes in total, are permitted between test sequences.

4.2.1.5. The distance covered in km (D_e) is the electric range of the electric vehicle. It shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.

4.2.2. For hybrid electric vehicles:

4.2.2.1.1.

The applicable type I test cycle and accompanying gearshift arrangements, as set out in point 4.5.5. of Annex II shall be carried out on a chassis dynamometer adjusted as described in Annex II, until the test criteria are met.

4.2.2.1.2.

To measure the electric range, the test criteria shall be deemed as having been met when the vehicle is unable to meet the target curve up to 50 km/h, or when the standard on-board instrumentation indicates that the vehicle should be stopped, or when the battery has reached its minimum state of charge. The vehicle shall then be slowed to 5 km/h without braking by releasing the accelerator pedal, and then stopped by braking.

4.2.2.1.3.

At speeds of over 50 km/h, when the vehicle does not reach the acceleration or speed required for the test cycle, the accelerator pedal shall remain fully depressed until the reference curve has been reached again.

4.2.2.1.4.

Up to three interruptions, of no more than 15 minutes in total, are permitted between test sequences.

4.2.2.1.5.

The distance covered in km using the electrical motor only (D_e) is the electric range of the hybrid electric vehicle. It shall be rounded to the nearest whole number. Where the vehicle operates both in electric and in hybrid mode during the test, the periods of electric-only operation will be determined by measuring current to the injectors or ignition.

4.2.2.2. Determining the OVC range of a hybrid electric vehicle

4.2.2.2.1. The applicable type I test cycle and accompanying gearshift arrangements, as set out in point 4.4.5. of Annex II, shall be carried out on a chassis dynamometer adjusted as described in Annex II, until the test criteria are met.

4.2.2.2.2. To measure the OVC range D_OVC, the test criteria shall be deemed as having been met when the battery has reached its minimum state of charge according to the criteria in points 3.2.3.2.2.2. or 4.2.4.2.2.2. of Appendix 3. Driving shall be continued until the final idling period in the type I test cycle has been completed.

4.2.2.2.3. Up to three interruptions, of no more than fifteen minutes in total, are permitted between test sequences.

4.2.2.2.4. The total distance driven in km, rounded to the nearest whole number, shall be the OVC range of the hybrid electric vehicle.

4.2.2.3. At speeds of over 50 km/h, when the vehicle does not reach the acceleration or speed required for the test cycle, the accelerator pedal shall remain fully depressed, or the accelerator handle shall be turned fully, until the reference curve has been reached again.

4.2.2.4. Up to three interruptions, of no more than 15 minutes in total, are permitted between test sequences.

4.2.2.5. The distance covered in km (D_OVC) is the electric range of the hybrid electric vehicle. It shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.