The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria) Regulations 2013

Interpretation E+W

2.  In these Regulations—

“the 1990 Act” means the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 M1 ;

“the Act” means the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012;

“advocate” means a person who exercises a right of audience before a court, tribunal or other person;

“case with overwhelming importance to the individual” means a case which is not primarily a claim for damages or other sum of money and which relates to one or more of the following—

(a)

the life, liberty or physical safety of the individual or a member of that individual's family (an individual is a member of another individual's family if the requirements of section 10(6) are met); or

(b)

the immediate risk that the individual may become homeless;

“conditional fee agreement” means an enforceable agreement which satisfies the conditions in—

(a)

section 58 of the 1990 Act (conditional fee agreements) M2 ;

(b)

section 58AA of the 1990 Act (damages-based agreements) M3 ; or

(c)

section 58B of the 1990 Act (litigation funding agreements) M4 ;

“Convention rights” has the same meaning as in section 1 of the Human Rights Act 1998 M5 ;

“domestic violence case” means any matter which is described in either of the following paragraphs of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (civil legal services)—

(a)

paragraph 11 (family homes and domestic violence); F1 ...

(ab)

[F2 paragraph 15A (female genital mutilation protection orders); or]

(b)

paragraph 16 (forced marriage);

F3 ...

“emergency representation” means the provision of civil legal services following an urgent application made in accordance with regulations made under section 12 (determinations) of the Act;

“family dispute” means any matter which is described in any of the following paragraphs of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (civil legal services)—

(a)

paragraph 1 (care, supervision and protection of children);

(aa)

[F4 paragraph 1A (special guardianship);]

(b)

paragraph 9 (inherent jurisdiction of High Court in relation to children and vulnerable adults), to the extent that the matter relates to—

(i)

a child; or

(ii)

a vulnerable adult, but only to the extent that the matter arises out of a family relationship within the meaning of paragraph 14(7)(b) and (c) of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act;

(c)

paragraph 10 (unlawful removal of children);

(d)

paragraph 11 (family homes and domestic violence);

(e)

paragraph 12 (victims of domestic violence and family matters);

(f)

paragraph 13 (protection of children and family matters);

(g)

paragraph 14 (mediation in family disputes);

(h)

paragraph 15 (children who are parties to family proceedings);

(ha)

[F5 paragraph 15A (female genital mutilation protection orders);]

(i)

paragraph 16 (forced marriage);

(j)

paragraph 17 ([F6 Transitional EU arrangements] and international agreements concerning children); or

(k)

paragraph 18 ([F7 Transitional EU arrangements] and international agreements concerning maintenance);

“general merits criteria” means the criteria set out in Part 4 (general merits criteria);

“lead claim” means the claim in a multi-party action which the Director M6 has identified as being the appropriate claim to be a test case for common or related issues of fact or law;

“merits criteria” means the general merits criteria and the specific merits criteria;

“multi-party action” means proceedings in which a number of individuals have a cause of action which involves common or related issues of fact or law;

[F8 “parental guardianship case” means matters described in paragraph 1A of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (special guardianship) to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided—;

(a)

is the parent of, or has parental responsibility for, the child who is or would be the subject of the order; and

(b)

opposes the order,

but does not include appeals from final orders made under section 14A of the Children Act 1989;

“parental placement and adoption case” means matters described in paragraph 1(1)(i) of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (care, supervision and protection of children) to the extent that they relate to a placement order or an adoption order under section 21 or 46 of the Adoption and Children Act 2002 where the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided—

(a)

is the parent of, or has parental responsibility for, the child who is or would be the subject of the placement order or, as the case may be, the adoption order; and

(b)

opposes the placement order or, as the case may be, the adoption order,

but does not include appeals from final orders made under either of those provisions of the Adoption and Children Act 2002;

“parental responsibility” has the same meaning as in the Children Act 1989;]

“private law children case” means any matter which is described in any of the following paragraphs of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (civil legal services)—

(za)

[F9 paragraph 1A (special guardianship) to the extent that—

(i)

the matter is not a parental guardianship case; and

(ii)

the matter does not fall within paragraph 1(2) of Part 1 of Schedule 1;]

(a)

paragraph 10 (unlawful removal of children);

(b)

paragraph 12 (victims of domestic violence and family matters) [F10 or paragraph 15 (children who are parties to family proceedings)], to the extent [F11 such provisions relate to]—

(i)

Part 1 or 3 of the Family Law Act 1986 (child custody and declarations of status); F12 ...

(ii)

any provision of Part 1 or 2 of the Children Act 1989 M7 (orders with respect to children in family proceedings), other than section 15 M8 of, and Schedule 1 to, that Act; or

(iii)

[F13 section 51A of the Adoption and Children Act 2002 (post-adoption contact orders); or]

(c)

paragraph 13 (protection of children and family matters);

“provider” means a person who provides civil legal services under Part 1 of the Act (legal aid);

“public law children case” means any matter which is described in either of the following paragraphs of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (civil legal services)—

(a)

paragraph 1 (care, supervision and protection of children), to the extent that the matter is not a “special Children Act 1989 case” [F14 or a parental placement and adoption case]; or

(b)

paragraph 9 (inherent jurisdiction of High Court in relation to children and vulnerable adults), to the extent that the matter relates to a child;

“public law claim” means any matter which is described in any of the following paragraphs of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act (civil legal services)—

(a)

paragraph 19 (judicial review) F3 ...;

(b)

paragraph 20 (habeas corpus); or

(c)

paragraph 34 (homelessness);

“small claims track” means the small claims track for which provision is made in Part 27 of the Civil Procedure Rules, which are made in exercise of the power conferred by section 2 of the Civil Procedure Act 1997 M9 to make rules of court under section 1 of that Act;

“special Children Act 1989 case” means [F15 any matter described in paragraph 1(1)(a), (b), (c) or (k) of Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Act] (care, supervision and protection of children), to the extent that it relates to any of the following provisions of Children Act 1989 [F16 or, where specified, the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014]—

(a)

section 25 (use of accommodation for restricting liberty) M10 , to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided is the child who is or would be the subject of the order;

(aa)

[F17 section 119 of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (use of accommodation for restricting liberty), to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided is the child who is or would be the subject of the order;]

(b)

section 31 (care and supervision orders) M11 , to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided is the child who is or would be the subject of the order, that child's parent or other person with parental responsibility for that child;

(c)

section 43 (child assessment orders), to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided is the child who is or would be the subject of the order, that child's parent or other person with parental responsibility for that child;

(d)

section 44 (orders for emergency protection of children), to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided is the child who is or would be the subject of the order, that child's parent or other person with parental responsibility for that child; or

(e)

section 45 (duration of emergency protection orders and other supplemental provisions) M12 , to the extent that the individual to whom civil legal services may be provided is the child who is or would be the subject of the order, that child's parent or other person with parental responsibility for that child,

but does not include appeals from final orders made under any of those provisions of the Children Act 1989 [F18 or, as the case may be, the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014]; and

“specific merits criteria” means the criteria set out in Part 6 (specific merits criteria).

Textual Amendments

F1 Word in reg. 2 omitted (17.7.2015) by virtue of The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria) (Amendment) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/1414), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(a)(i)

F2 Words in reg. 2 inserted (17.7.2015) by The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria) (Amendment) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/1414), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(a)(ii)

F3 Words in reg. 2 revoked (1.1.2024) by The Retained EU Law (Revocation and Reform) Act 2023 (Revocation and Sunset Disapplication) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1143), reg. 2(3), Sch. 2 Pt. 1 (with reg. 6)

F4 Words in reg. 2 inserted (1.5.2023) by The Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (Legal Aid: Family and Domestic Abuse) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/150), arts. 3(2)(c), 5(4)

F5 Words in reg. 2 inserted (17.7.2015) by The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria) (Amendment) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/1414), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(b)

F6 Words in reg. 2 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Jurisdiction and Judgments (Family) (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/519), reg. 1(1), Sch. para. 41(2)(a) (with reg. 8) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1574, regs. 1, 5(2)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F7 Words in reg. 2 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Jurisdiction and Judgments (Family) (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/519), reg. 1(1), Sch. para. 41(2)(b) (with reg. 8) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1574, regs. 1, 5(2)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F8 Words in reg. 2 inserted (1.3.2023 for specified purposes, 1.5.2023 in so far as not already in force) by The Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (Legal Aid: Family and Domestic Abuse) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/150), arts. 3(1)(2)(b), 5(2)

F9 Words in reg. 2 inserted (1.5.2023) by The Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (Legal Aid: Family and Domestic Abuse) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/150), arts. 3(2)(c), 5(5)

F10 Words in reg. 2 inserted (27.1.2014) by The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria) (Amendment) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/131), regs. 1(1), 2(2)(a) (with reg. 3)

F11 Words in reg. 2 substituted (27.1.2014) by The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria) (Amendment) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/131), regs. 1(1), 2(2)(b) (with reg. 3)

F12 Word in reg. 2 omitted (10.12.2015) by virtue of The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria and Information about Financial Resources) (Amendment) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/2005), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(a)

F13 Words in reg. 2 inserted (10.12.2015) by The Civil Legal Aid (Merits Criteria and Information about Financial Resources) (Amendment) Regulations 2015 (S.I. 2015/2005), regs. 1(2), 2(2)(b)

F14 Words in reg. 2 inserted (1.3.2023) by The Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (Legal Aid: Family and Domestic Abuse) (Miscellaneous Amendments) Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/150), arts. 3(1), 5(3)

F15 Words in reg. 2 substituted (6.4.2016) by The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (Consequential Amendments) (Secondary Legislation) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/211), reg. 1(2), Sch. 3 para. 144(a)

F16 Words in reg. 2 inserted (6.4.2016) by The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (Consequential Amendments) (Secondary Legislation) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/211), reg. 1(2), Sch. 3 para. 144(b)

F17 Words in reg. 2 inserted (6.4.2016) by The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (Consequential Amendments) (Secondary Legislation) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/211), reg. 1(2), Sch. 3 para. 144(c)

F18 Words in reg. 2 inserted (6.4.2016) by The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (Consequential Amendments) (Secondary Legislation) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/211), reg. 1(2), Sch. 3 para. 144(d)

Marginal Citations

M1 1990 c.41.

M2 Section 58 was substituted for section 58 as originally enacted by section 27(1) of the Access to Justice Act 1999 (c.22) and amended by S.I. 2005/3429 and section 44(1) and (2) of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c.10)(“the Act”).

M3 Section 58AA was inserted by section 154(2) of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25) and was amended by section 45 (1) to (11) of the Act.

M4 Section 58B was inserted by section 28 of the Access to Justice Act 1999 (c.22), as amended by S.I. 2005/3429.

M5 1998 c.42.

M6 Section 42(1) of the Act provides that in Part 1 of the Act (legal aid) “the Director” means the Director of Legal Aid Casework.

M7 1989 c.41.

M8 Section 15 was amended by section 116 of, and paragraph 10 of Schedule 16 to, the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c.41) and section 11(1) of, and paragraph 10 of Schedule 2 to, the Maintenance Enforcement Act 1991 (c.17).

M9 1997 c.12. Section 2 was amended by section 15(1) of, and paragraphs 261 and 263(1) and (2) of Part 1 of Schedule 4 to, the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c.4).

M10 Section 25 was amended by section 39 of, and paragraph 15 of Schedule 3 to, the Children and Young Persons Act 2008 (c.23) and section 24 of, and paragraph 45 of Schedule 4 to, the Access to Justice Act 1999 (c.22).

M11 Section 31 was amended by section 75 of, and paragraph 1 of Schedule 8 to, the Criminal Justice and Court Services Act 2000 (c.43); sections 120 and 121(1) of the Adoption and Children Act 2002 (c.38) and section 6 of, and paragraph 35 of Schedule 4 to, the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c.4).

M12 Section 45 was amended by section 52 of, and paragraph 4 of Schedule 6 to, the Family Law Act 1996 (c.27); section 42 of, and paragraph 1 of Schedule 4 to, the Children and Young Persons Act 2008 (c.23); section 116 of, and paragraph 19 of Part 1 of Schedule 16 to, the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c.41); S.I.2002/253 and S.I. 2004/1771.