The Payment and Electronic Money Institution Insolvency Regulations 2021

Application of the IA 1986 [F1 in England, Wales and Scotland] U.K.

37.—(1) The provisions of the IA 1986 mentioned in the first column of the Table apply to special administration as they apply to any other insolvency proceedings, with any modifications shown in the third column.

[F2 (1A) This regulation applies to the special administration of, or in relation to, an institution which is incorporated in, or formed under the law of England and Wales or Scotland.

(1B) For the purposes of paragraph (1A), an institution whose registered office, or in the case of an institution with no registered office, whose principal place of business, is situated in one part of the United Kingdom is to be treated as incorporated in, or formed under, the law of that part.]

(2) This regulation is subject to—

(a) Schedule 1 (which makes provision about how special administration applies to limited liability partnerships), and

(b) Schedule 2 (which makes provision about how special administration applies to partnerships).

Provision	Subject	Modifications
Sections
Generally (for the provisions of this part of the table mentioned below)		To be read as if— (a) references to a provision of the IA 1986 which is applied and modified by these Regulations were to the provision as applied and modified by these Regulations, (b) references to the liquidator were to the administrator, (c) references to winding up were to special administration, (d) references to winding up by the court were to the imposition of special administration by order of the court, (e) references to being wound up under Part 4 or 5 of the IA 1986 were to being in special administration, (f) references to the commencement of winding up were to the commencement of special administration, (g) references to going into liquidation were to entering special administration, (h) references to liquidation or to insolvent liquidation were to special administration, (i) references to a winding-up order were to a special administration order, and (j) references to a company were to an institution. Those general modifications are subject to any specific modifications below.
Sections 74 and 76–83	Contributories
Section 167 (and Schedule 4)	Powers of the liquidator	To be read as if— (a) in subsection (2) the references to a liquidation committee were to a creditors’ committee; (b) a user or holder may also apply to the court under subsection (3); (c) in Schedule 4, paragraphs 4 to 10 and 12 were omitted and in paragraph 13, the reference to winding up the company’s affairs and distributing its assets were to pursuing the special administration objectives.
Section 168(4)	Discretion in managing and distributing assets
Section 176	Preferential charges on goods distrained
Section 176ZB	Application of proceeds of office-holder claims
Section 176A	Unsecured creditors
Section 178	Disclaimer of onerous property
Section 179	Disclaimer of leaseholds
Section 180	Land subject to rent charge
Section 181	Disclaimer: powers of court
Section 182	Powers of court (leaseholds)
Section 183	Effect of execution or attachment (England and Wales)	To be read as if subsection (2)(a) were omitted.
Section 184	Duties of officers	To be read as if, in subsection (1), there were no reference to a resolution having been passed for voluntary winding up.
Section 185	Effect of diligence (Scotland)	To be read as if, in the application of subsections (3) to (10) of section 23A of the Bankruptcy (Scotland) Act 2016 (asp 21), the reference to an order of the court awarding winding up were to the making of the special administration order.
Section 186	Rescission of contracts by the court
Section 187	Power to make over assets to employees
Section 193	Unclaimed dividends (Scotland)
Section 194	Resolutions passed at adjourned meetings	To be read as it applied immediately before its repeal by paragraph 46 of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015.
Section 196	Judicial notice of court documents
Section 197	Commission for receiving evidence
Section 198	Court order for examination of persons in Scotland
Section 199	Costs of application for leave to proceed (Scottish companies)
Section 206	Fraud in anticipation of winding up	To be read as if, in subsection (1), there were no reference to passing a resolution for voluntary winding up.
Section 207	Transactions in fraud of creditors	To be read as if, in subsection (1), there were no reference to passing a resolution for voluntary winding up.
Section 208	Misconduct in course of winding up	To be read as if— (a) in subsection (1), “whether by the court or voluntarily” were omitted; (b) there were no amendment made by paragraph 52 of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015.
Section 209	Falsification of company’s books
Section 210	Material omissions from statement	To be read as if— (a) in subsection (1), “whether by the court or voluntarily” were omitted; (b) in subsection (2), “or has passed a resolution for voluntary winding up” were omitted.
Section 211	False representation to creditors	To be read as if in subsection (1)— (a) “whether by the court or voluntarily” were omitted; (b) the reference to the company’s creditors included users or holders.
Section 212	Summary remedy
Section 213	Fraudulent trading
Section 214	Wrongful trading	To be read as if subsection (6) were omitted.
Section 215	Proceedings under section 213 or 214
Section 216	Restriction on re-use of company names	To be read as if— (a) the reference to a liquidating company were to a company in special administration; (b) subsections (7) and (8) were omitted.
Section 217	Personal liability for debts following contravention of section 216	To be read as if subsection (6) were omitted.
Section 218	Prosecution of delinquent officers and members of company	To be read as if — (a) in subsection (3), the first reference to the official receiver were omitted and the second reference were to the Secretary of State; (b) in subsection (5) the reference to subsection (4) were to subsection (3); (c) subsections (4) and (6) were omitted.
Section 219	Obligations arising under section 218	To be read as if, in subsection (1), the reference to section 218(4) were to section 218(3).
Section 233	Utilities
Section 233A	Further protection of utilities
Section 234	Getting in the company’s property	To be read as if — (a) for subsection (1) there were substituted— “(1) This section applies where a company enters special administration.”; (b) the references to the office-holder were references to the administrator.
Section 235	Co-operation with the administrator	To be read as if — (a) subsections (1) and (4)(b) to (d) were omitted; (b) the references to the office-holder were references to the administrator.
Section 236	Inquiry into company’s dealings	To be read as if — (a) for subsection (1) there were substituted— “(1) This section applies where a company enters special administration.”; (b) the references to the office-holder were references to the administrator.
Section 237	Enforcement by the court
Section 238	Transactions at an undervalue (England and Wales)
Section 239	Preferences (England and Wales)
Section 240	Sections 238 and 239: relevant time	To be read as if — (a) in subsection (2)(a), the reference to being unable to pay debts were to be read in accordance with section 93(4) of the BA 2009 (as applied and modified by the EMR 2011 and the PSR 2017); (b) sub-paragraphs (1)(d) and (3)(a) to (d) were omitted.
Section 241	Orders under sections 238 and 239	To be read as if subsections (3A) and (3B) were omitted.
Section 242	Gratuitous alienations (Scotland)
Section 243	Unfair preferences (Scotland)
Section 244	Extortionate credit transactions
Section 245	Avoidance of floating charges	To be read as if — (a) in subsection (3)(c), the references to administration application and administration order were references to an application for special administration and special administration order respectively; (b) in subsection (4)(a) and (b), the reference to being unable to pay debts were to be read in accordance with section 93(4) of the BA 2009 (as applied and modified by the EMR 2011 and the PSR 2017); (c) subsections (3)(d) and (5)(a) to (c) were omitted.
Section 246	Unenforceability of liens	To be read as if — (a) for subsection (1) there were substituted— “(1) This section applies where a company enters special administration.”; (b) the references to the office-holder were references to the administrator.
Section 246ZD	Power to assign certain causes of action	To be read as if— (a) for subsection (1) there were substituted— “(1) This section applies where a company enters special administration.”; (b) the references to the office holder were references to the administrator.
Section 246A	Remote attendance at meetings	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 54 of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) references to creditors included users or holders.
Section 246B	Use of websites
Section 386 (and Schedule 6 as read with Schedule 4 to the Pensions Schemes Act 1993)	Preferential debts
Section 387, subsections (1) and (3A)	“The relevant date”	To be read as if the reference to “administration” were to special administration.
Section 389	Offence of acting without being qualified	To be read as if— (a) the reference to acting as an insolvency practitioner were to acting as the administrator; (b) subsection (2) were omitted.
Sections 390 to 391T	Authorisation and regulation of insolvency practitioners	To be read as if— (a) in section 390, references to acting as an insolvency practitioner were to acting as the administrator; (b) in subsection (2) of that section, after “authorised” there were inserted “to act as an insolvency practitioner”; (c) an order under section 391 had effect in relation to any provision applied for the purposes of special administration; (d) in sections 390A, 390B(1) and (3), 391O(1)(b) and 391R(3)(b), references to authorisation or permission to act as an insolvency practitioner in relation to (or only in relation to) companies, the reference to companies had effect as a reference to companies without modification by this Table. (e) in sections 391Q(2)(b) and 391S(3)(e) the references to a company had effect a references to a company without modification by this Table.
Section 411	Insolvency rules	To be read as if, in subsections (1A), (2C) and (3), the reference to Part 2 of the BA 2009 were to a reference to these Regulations.
Section 414	Fees orders	To be read as if — (a) in subsection (1), the reference to Parts I to VII of this Act were to these Regulations; (b) there were no reference to the official receiver.
Section 423	Transactions defrauding creditors	To be read as if subsection (4) were omitted.
Sections 424 and 425	Transactions defrauding creditors
Section 426	Co-operation between courts	To be read as if references to insolvency law included provisions made by or under these Regulations.
Sections 430 and 431 (and Schedule 10)	Offences
Section 432	Offences by bodies corporate	To be read as if, in subsection (4), there were no provisions of the IA 1986 listed there except for sections 206 to 211.
Section 433	Statements: admissibility
Sections 434B–434D	Supplementary provisions	To be read as if there were no amendments of section 434B made by paragraph 57 of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015.
Schedule B1
Generally (for the provisions of this part of the table mentioned below)		To be read as if— (a) references to a provision of the IA 1986 which is applied and modified by these Regulations were to the provision as applied and modified by these Regulations, (b) references to the administrator were to the administrator appointed under regulation 7, (c) references to administration were to special administration, (d) references to an administration order were to a special administration order, (e) references to a company were to an institution, and (f) references to the purpose of administration were to the special administration objectives. Those general modifications are subject to any specific modifications below.
Paragraph 40(1)(a)	Dismissal of pending winding up petition
Paragraph 42	Moratorium on insolvency proceedings	To be read as if sub-paragraphs (4)(a) and (4)(aa) were omitted.
Paragraph 43	Moratorium on other legal processes
Paragraph 44(1), (5) and (7)	Interim moratorium	To be read as if— (a) sub-paragraph (7) also included a reference to paragraph 44 not preventing or requiring the permission of the court for an application by the FCA for a special administration order; (b) sub-paragraph (7)(b) to (d) were omitted.
Paragraph 45	Publicity
Paragraph 46	Announcement of administrator’s appointment	To be read as if — (a) in sub-paragraph (3)(a), in addition to obtaining the list of creditors, the administrator were also required to obtain as complete a list as possible of the users or holders of the institution; (b) in sub-paragraph (3)(b), the administrator were also required to send a notice of their appointment to each user or holder of whose claim and address the administrator is aware; (c) where the special administration application has not been made by the FCA, notice of the administrator’s appointment were also required to be sent under sub-paragraph (5) to the FCA; (d) sub-paragraphs (6)(b) and (c) were omitted.
Paragraph 47	Statement of company’s affairs	To be read as if, in sub-paragraph (2), there were also a reference to including particulars of the relevant funds held by the institution.
Paragraph 48	Statement of company’s affairs
Paragraph 49	Administrator’s proposals	To be read as if — (a) sub-paragraph (2)(b) were omitted; (b) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(2) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (c) in sub-paragraph (4), the administrator were also required to send a copy of the statement of proposals to every user or holder of whose claim the administrator is aware and who the administrator has a means of contacting, and to the FCA; (d) the administrator were also required to give notice that the statement of proposals is to be provided free of charge to a payment system operator who applies in writing to a specified address. The application of paragraph 49(1) to (3) is subject to regulation 38(6).
Paragraph 50	Creditors’ meeting	To be read as if — (a) there were no repeal by paragraph 10(3) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) in sub-paragraph (1), the administrator were also required to summon the users or holders referred to in paragraph 49(4) to the meeting of creditors and to give such users or holders notice under sub-paragraph (1)(b); (c) the FCA were empowered to appoint a person to attend a meeting of creditors and make representations as to any matter for decision.
Paragraph 51	Requirement for initial creditors’ meeting	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 10(4) and (5) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) there were a requirement that each copy of an administrator’s proposals sent to a user or holder or the FCA under paragraph 49 be accompanied by an invitation to the initial creditors’ meeting. The application of paragraph 51 is subject to regulation 38(6).
Paragraph 53	Business and result of initial creditors’ meeting	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 10(8) to (10) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) there were a requirement that special administration insolvency rules prescribe how users or holders are to vote at meetings of creditors;
		(c) in sub-paragraph (2), if the FCA has not appointed a person to attend the meeting, the administrator were also required to report any decision taken to the FCA. The application of paragraph 53 is subject to regulation 38(6).
Paragraph 54	Revision of administrator’s proposals	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 10(11) to (16) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) if the revision proposed by the administrator affects both creditors and users or holders, every reference to creditors included users or holders; (c) if the administrator thinks that the revision proposed only affects either creditors or users or holders, it only applied to the affected party and required the party not affected to be informed of the revision; (d) the FCA were required to be invited to the creditors’ meeting mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(a); (e) the statement of the proposed revision mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(b) were also required to be sent to the FCA. The application of paragraph 54 is subject to regulation 38(6).
Paragraph 55	Failure to obtain approval of administrator’s proposals	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(17) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) in making an order under sub-paragraph (2) the court were required to have regard to the special administration objectives; (c) sub-paragraph (2)(d) were omitted. The application of paragraph 55 is subject to regulation 38(6).
Paragraph 56	Further creditors’ meetings	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 10(18) to (20) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) the administrator were required to invite the FCA to any meeting summoned.
Paragraph 57	Creditors’ committee	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(21) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) a creditors’ committee were only able to be established by a creditors’ meeting to which creditors and users or holders have both been given notice; (c) the FCA were empowered to appoint a person to attend a meeting of the creditors’ committee and make representations as to any matter for decision; (d) there were a requirement that special administration insolvency rules prescribe that, where a meeting of creditors resolves to establish a creditors’ committee, the makeup of the creditors’ committee is a reflection of all parties with an interest in the achievement of the special administration objectives.
Paragraph 58	Correspondence instead of creditors’ meeting	To be read as it applied immediately before its repeal by paragraph 10(22) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015.
Paragraph 59	Functions of an administrator	To be read as if— (a) in sub-paragraph (1) the administrator’s power were to do anything necessary or expedient in pursuit of Objectives 1 to 3; (b) in sub-paragraph (2) the reference to a provision of the Schedule expressly permitting the administrator to do a specified thing included a provision of these Regulations expressly permitting the administrator to do a specified thing; (c) at the end there were inserted— “(4) The administrator is an officer of the court.”
Paragraph 60 (and Schedule 1 to the IA 1986)	General powers
Paragraph 61	Directors
Paragraph 62	Power to call meetings	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(23) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) the administrator were also empowered to call a meeting of users or holders or contributories.
Paragraph 63	Application to court for directions
Paragraph 64	Management powers
Paragraph 65	Distribution to creditors	[F3 To be read as if— (a) in sub-paragraph (1)— (i) the words from the beginning to “in full” were omitted; (ii) for “any other creditor” there were substituted “any creditor”; (b) sub-paragraph (3) were omitted in respect of England and Wales.]
Paragraph 66	Payments	[F4 To be read as if the words from the beginning to “have been met,” were omitted;]
Paragraph 67	Property
Paragraph 68	Management	To be read as if references to proposals approved under paragraphs 53 or 54 included, without need for approval— (a) proposals agreed with the FCA under 39 or 40; or (b) proposals in respect of which the court has made an order dispensing with the need for agreement in accordance with those regulations.
Paragraph 69	Agency
Paragraph 70	Floating charge
Paragraph 71	Non-floating charge
Paragraph 72	Hire purchase property
Paragraph 73	Protection for secured or preferential creditors	To be read as if sub-paragraph (2)(d) were omitted.
Paragraph 74	Challenge to administrator’s conduct	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(24) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) the FCA were also empowered to make an application to the court, on the grounds that— (i) the administrator is acting or has acted so as unfairly to harm the interests of some or all of the members, creditors or users or holders; (ii) the administrator is proposing to act in a way which would unfairly harm the interests of some or all of the members, creditors or users or holders; (iii) the administrator has failed to carry out a reconciliation in accordance with regulation 13; (c) a user or holder were also empowered to make an application to the court under sub-paragraph (1) or (2); (d) any of the following persons were also empowered to make an application on the grounds that the administrator is not taking any action in response to a request from that person under regulation 35(3) and that the person is of the opinion that the action requested would not lead to a material reduction in the value of the property of the institution— (i) the Bank of England; (ii) the Treasury; (iii) the FCA; (iv) the Payment Systems Regulator; (e) the following persons were also empowered to make an application on the grounds that the administrator has made, or proposes to make, a PPTA in contravention of 32 or 34— (i) the Bank of England; (ii) the FCA; (f) any person, other than the institution, who is party to an arrangement of a kind referred to in regulation 31(1) were also empowered to make an application on the grounds that the administrator has made, or proposes to make, a relevant transfer in contravention of that regulation; (g) where an application is made on the grounds that the administrator has made a relevant transfer in contravention of regulation 34— (i) sub-paragraphs (3)(a), (d) and (e) and (4) were omitted; (ii) the court were also empowered to make an order declaring that the transfer was made in contravention of the regulation concerned; (h) where an application is made on the grounds that the administrator has made a relevant transfer in contravention of regulation 32 or 33, the court were also empowered to make such order as it thinks fit for restoring the position to what it would have been if the transfer had not been made in contravention of the regulation concerned; (i) where the FCA has given a direction under regulation 38 which has not been withdrawn, the court did not have power to make an order if it would impede or prevent compliance with the direction.
Paragraph 75	Misfeasance	To be read as if a user or holder and the FCA were included in the list of persons who may make an application under sub-paragraph (2).
Paragraph 79	Court ending administration on application of administrator	To be read as if sub-paragraph (2) were omitted.
Paragraph 81	Court ending administration on application of a creditor	To be read as if it did not apply where the administrator was appointed by the court on the application of the FCA or the Secretary of State.
Paragraph 84	Termination: no more relevant funds for distribution	To be read as if— (a) the administrator were only empowered to send a notice under sub-paragraph (1) if the institution no longer holds relevant funds; (b) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(33) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015;
		(c) in sub-paragraph (5)(b), a copy of the notice were also required to be sent be sent to every user or holder of the institution of whom the administrator is aware and the FCA.
Paragraph 85	Discharge of administration order
Paragraph 86	Notice to Companies Registrar at the end of administration
Paragraph 87	Resignation	To be read as if — (a) where the administrator was appointed by the court on the application of the FCA or the Secretary of State, the notice of the resignation given in accordance with sub-paragraph (2)(a) were also required to be given to the applicant; (b) sub-paragraphs (2)(b) to (d) were omitted.
Paragraph 88	Removal
Paragraph 89	Disqualification	To be read as if — (a) where the administrator was appointed by the court on the application of the FCA or the Secretary of State, the notice given in accordance with sub-paragraph (2)(a) were also required to be given to the applicant; (b) sub-paragraphs (2)(b) to (d) were omitted.
Paragraph 90	Replacement	To be read as if reference to paragraphs 91 to 95 were to paragraph 91 only.
Paragraph 91	Replacement	To be read as if the FCA were included in the list of persons who may make an application to appoint an administrator in sub-paragraph (1) but to whom the restrictions in sub-paragraph (2) apply.
Paragraph 98	Discharge	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(38) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) sub-paragraphs (2)(b) and (ba) and (3) were omitted.
Paragraph 99	Vacation of office: charges and liabilities	To be read as if — (a) in sub-paragraph (3), the former administrator’s remuneration and expenses incurred in respect of the pursuit of Objective 1 are to be charged on and payable out of relevant funds;
		(b) in sub-paragraph (4)(b), the reference to any charge arising under sub-paragraph (3) did not include a charge on relevant funds.
Paragraph 100	Joint and concurrent administrators
Paragraph 101	Joint and concurrent administrators	To be read as if in sub-paragraph (3), the reference to paragraphs 87 to 99 were to paragraphs 87 to 91 and 98 to 99.
Paragraph 102	Joint and concurrent administrators
Paragraph 103	Joint and concurrent administrators	To be read as if — (a) in sub-paragraph (2), the reference to paragraph 12(1)(a) to (e) were to regulation 8(1); (b) sub-paragraphs (3) to (5) were omitted.
Paragraph 104	Presumption of validity
Paragraph 105	Majority decision of directors
Paragraph 106 (and section 430 of and Schedule 10 to the IA 1986)	Fines	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 11 of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) sub-paragraph (2)(a), (b) and (l) to (n) was omitted.
Paragraph 107	Extension of time limit	To be read as if, in considering an application under paragraph 107, the court were required to have regard to the special administration objectives.
Paragraph 108	Extension of time limit	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendments made by paragraph 10(39), (40), (42) and (43) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) the administrator were also required to obtain consent of those users or holders whose claims amount to more than 50% of the total amount of claims for relevant funds, disregarding the claims of those users or holders who were sent a copy of the statement of proposals but who did not respond to an invitation to give or withhold consent; (c) sub-paragraph (3) were omitted.
Paragraph 109	Extension of time limit
Paragraph 111	Interpretation	To be read as if — (a) there were no amendment made by paragraph 10(44) of Schedule 9 to the SBEEA 2015; (b) the definition of “administrator” and sub-paragraph [F5 (1A)] and sub-paragraph (1B) were omitted.
Paras 112–116	Scotland

Textual Amendments

F1 Words in reg. 37 heading inserted (4.1.2024) by The Payment and Electronic Money Institution Insolvency (Amendment) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1399), regs. 1(2), 11(1)

F2 Reg. 37(1A)(1B) inserted (4.1.2024) by The Payment and Electronic Money Institution Insolvency (Amendment) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1399), regs. 1(2), 11(2)(a)

F3 Words in reg. 37 table substituted (4.1.2024) by The Payment and Electronic Money Institution Insolvency (Amendment) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1399), regs. 1(2), 11(2)(b)(i)

F4 Words in reg. 37 table inserted (4.1.2024) by The Payment and Electronic Money Institution Insolvency (Amendment) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1399), regs. 1(2), 11(2)(b)(ii)

F5 Word in reg. 37 table substituted (4.1.2024) by The Payment and Electronic Money Institution Insolvency (Amendment) Regulations 2023 (S.I. 2023/1399), regs. 1(2), 11(2)(b)(iii)

Commencement Information

I1 Reg. 37 in force at 8.7.2021, see reg. 2