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- Point in Time (01/02/1991)
- Original (As enacted)
Point in time view as at 01/02/1991. This version of this Act contains provisions that are prospective.
The term provision is used to describe a definable element in a piece of legislation that has legislative effect – such as a Part, Chapter or section. A version of a provision is prospective either:
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There are currently no known outstanding effects for the Children Act 1975.
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Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Act repealed (E.W.)(N.I.) (prosp.) by Children Act 1989 (c. 41, SIF 20), s. 108, Sch. 15 (with Sch. 14 para. 1(1), 27(4) and a saving for s. 68(4)(5) and (7) in Sch. 14 para. 38(a))
Textual Amendments
F1Pt. I (Ss. 1–32) repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3(5), Sch. 4 and repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C2Pt. II (Ss. 33–55) modified (E.W.) by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), ss. 8(3), 12, Sch. 1
C3Pt II (Ss. 33–55) amended (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 2(1)(e)
(1)An authorised court may on the application of one or more persons qualified under subsection (3) make an order vesting the legal custody of a child in the applicant or, as the case may be, in one or more of the applicants . . . F2
(2)An order under subsection (1) may be referred to as a custodianship order, and the person in whom legal custody of the child is vested under the order may be referred to as the custodian of the child.
(3)The persons qualified to apply for a custodianship order are—
(a)a relative or step-parent of the child—
(i)who applies with the consent of a person having legal custody of the child, and
(ii)with whom the child has had his home for the three months preceding the making of the application;
(b)any person—
(i)who applies with the consent of a person having legal custody of the child, and
(ii)with whom the child has had his home for a period or periods before the making of the application which amount to at least twelve months and include the three months preceding the making of the application;
(c)any person with whom the child has had his home for a period or periods before the making of the application which amount to at least three years and include the three months preceding the making of the application.
(4)The mother or father of the child is not qualified under any paragraph of subsection (3).
(5)A step-parent of the child is not qualified under any paragraph of subsection (3) if in proceedings for divorce or nullity of marriage the child was named in an order made under paragraph (b) or (c) of section 41(1) (arrangements for welfare of children of family) of the M1Matrimonial Causes Act 1973.
(6)If no person has legal custody of the child, or the applicant himself has legal custody or the person with legal custody cannot be found, paragraphs (a) and (b) of subsection (3) apply with the omission of sub-paragraph (i).
(7)The Secretary of State may by order a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament amend subsection (3)(c) to substitute a different period for the period of three years mentioned in that paragraph (or the period which, by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).
(8)Subsection (5) does not apply—
(a)if the parent other than the one the step-parent married is dead or cannot be found, or
(b)if the order referred to in subsection (5) was made under subsection (1)(c) of section 41 of the M2Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 and it has since been determined that the child was not a child of the family to whom that section applied.
(9)For the avoidance of doubt, it is hereby declared that the provisions of section 1 of the M3Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 apply to applications made under this Part of this Act.
[F3(9A)In this Part of this Act references (however expressed) to any relationship between two persons shall be construed in accordance with section 1 of the Family Law Reform Act 1987.]
(10)This section and sections 34 to 46 do not apply to Scotland.
Textual Amendments
F2Words repealed by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:3), s. 68(1)(2), Sch. 1 para. 19, Sch. 2
F3S. 33(9A) inserted (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 60
Marginal Citations
M11973 c. 18(49:3).
M21973 c. 18(49:3).
(1)An authorised court may, on making a custodianship order or while a custodianship order is in force, by order—
(a)on the application of the mother, the father or a grandparent of the child, make such provision as it thinks fit requiring access to the child to be given to the applicant;
(b)on the application of the custodian, require the child’s mother or father (or both) to make to the applicant for the benefit of the child or to the child such periodical payments, and for such term, as may be specified in the order;
(c)on the application of the custodian, require the child’s mother or father (or both) to pay to the applicant for the benefit of the child or to the child such lump sum as may be so specified;
(d)on the application of the child’s mother or father, revoke an order requiring the applicant to contribute to the child’s maintenance made (otherwise than under this section) by any court;
(e)on the application of the child’s mother or father or the custodian, vary an order made (otherwise than under this section) by any court requiring the mother or father to contribute towards the child’s maintenance—
(i)by altering the amount of the contributions;
(ii)by substituting the custodian for the person to whom the contributions were ordered to be made.
(2)References in subsection (1) to the child’s mother or father include any person in relation to whom the child was treated as a child of the family (as defined in section 52(1) of the M4Matrimonial Causes Act 1973).
[F5(3)No order shall be made under subsection (1)(b) or (c) requiring the father of an illegitimate child to make any payments to the child’s custodian or to the child.
(4)An authorised court shall have power to make an order under subsection (1)(a) in favour of a grandparent of a child notwithstanding that the child is illegitimate.]
(5)Subsections (2), (3), (3A), (3B), (4), [F6(4A), (5A), (5B), (5C), (5D) and (5E)] (orders as to the supervision, local authority care, maintenance etc. of children) of section 2 of the M5Guardianship Act 1973 and sections 3 and 4 of that Act (supplementary provisions) shall apply to an application for a custodianship order as they apply to an application under section 9 of the M6Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 subject to the following modifications, that is to say—
(a)in [F6section 2(2)(b) and (4A)] of the M7Guardianship Act 1973 any reference to a parent of a minor to whom the order relates shall be construed as including a reference to any other individual;
(b)section 3(3) of that Act shall have effect as if the words “or the custodian” were inserted after the words “application of either parent”;
(c)in section 4(2) of that Act the reference to section 6 of that Act shall be construed as including a reference to section 39 and 40 of this Act.
(6)A local authority may make contributions to a custodian towards the cost of the accommodation and maintenance of the child, except where the custodian is the husband or wife of a parent of the child.]
Textual Amendments
F4S. 34 substituted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 64, Sch. 1
F5S. 34(3)(4) repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1)(4), Sch. 2 para. 61(2), Sch. 4
F6Words substituted by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 61(3)
Marginal Citations
M41973 c. 18(49:3).
M51973 c. 29(49:10).
M71973 c. 29(49:10).
(1)The court, in deciding whether to exercise its powers under section 34(1)(b) or (c) and, if so, in what manner, shall have regard to all the circumstances of the case including the following matters, that is to say—
(a)the income, earning capacity, property and other financial resources of each parent and of the custodian;
(b)the financial needs, obligations and responsibilities of each parent and of the custodian;
(c)the financial needs of the child;
(d)the income, earning capacity (if any), property and other financial resources of the child;
(e)any physical or mental disability of the child.
(2)The court in deciding whether to exercise its powers under section 34(1)(b) or (c) against a person who is not the child’s mother or father and, if so, in what manner, shall, in addition to the matters mentioned in subsection (1), have regard (among the circumstances of the case)—
(a)to whether that person had assumed any responsibility for the child’s maintenance and, if he did, to the extent to which and the basis on which he assumed that responsibility and to the length of time during which he discharged that responsibility;
(b)to whether in assuming and discharging that responsibility he did so knowing that the child was not his own child;
(c)to the liability of any other person to maintain the child.
(3)In subsection (1)—
(a)references to a parent of a child include any person in relation to whom the child was treated as a child of the family (as defined in section 52(1) of the M8Matrimonial Causes Act 1973);
(b)the reference in paragraph (a) to income, earning capacity, and other financial resources includes the income, earning capacity, property and other financial resources which the person concerned is likely to have in the foreseeable future; and
(c)the reference in paragraph (b) to financial needs, obligations and responsibilities includes the financial needs, obligations and responsibilities which the person concerned is likely to have in the foreseeable future.]
Textual Amendments
F7Ss. 34A, 34B inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 65, Sch. 1
Marginal Citations
M81973 c. 18(49:3).
(1)The term to be specified in an order made under section 34(1)(b) in favour of a child may begin with the date of the making of an application for the order in question or any later date but—
(a)shall not in the first instance extend beyond the date of the birthday of the child next following his attaining the upper limit of the compulsory school age (that is to say, the age that is for the time being that limit by virtue of section 35 of the M9Education Act 1944 together with any Order in Council made under that section) unless the court thinks it right in the circumstances of the case to specify a later date; and
(b)shall not in any event, subject to subsection (2) below, extend beyond the date of the child’s eighteenth birthday.
(2)Paragraph (b) of subsection (1) shall not apply in the case of a child if it appears to the court that—
(a)the child is, or will be, or if an order were made without complying with that paragraph would be, receiving instruction at an educational establishment or undergoing training for a trade, profession or vocation, whether or not he is also, or will also be, in gainful employment; or
(b)there are special circumstances which justify the making of an order without complying with that paragraph.
(3)Any order made under section 34(1)(b) in favour of a child shall, notwithstanding anything in the order, cease to have effect on the death of the person liable to make payments under the order.
Marginal Citations
M91944 c. 31(41:1).
(1)An authorised court may by order revoke a custodianship order on the application of—
(a)the custodian, or
(b)the mother or father, or a guardian, of the child, or
(c)any local authority in England or Wales.
(2)The court shall not proceed to hear an application made by any person for the revocation of a custodianship order where a previous such application made by the same person was refused by that or any other court unless—
(a)in refusing the previous application the court directed that this subsection should not apply, or
(b)it appears to the court that because of a change in circumstances or for any other reason it is proper to proceed with the application.
(3)The custodian of a child may apply to an authorised court for the revocation or variation of any order made under section 34 [F8(other than an order under subsection (1)(c))] in respect of that child.
(4)Any other person on whose application an order under section 34 was made, or who was required by [F9an order made under that section (other than an order under subsection (1)(c))] to contribute towards the maintenance of the child, may apply to an authorised court for the revocation or variation of that order.
[F10(4A)An application for the variation of an order made under section 34(1)(b) may, if the child has attained the age of sixteen, be made by the child himself.]
(5)Any order made under [F11section 34(1)(a), (b) or (e)] in respect of a child who is the subject of a custodianship order shall cease to have effect on the revocation of the custodianship order.
(6)A custodianship order made in respect of a child, and any order made under [F12section 34(1)(a)] in respect of the child, shall cease to have effect when the child attains the age of 18 years.
[F13(7)On an application under this section for the revocation or variation of an order made under section 34(1)(b), the court shall have power to suspend the operation of any provision of that order temporarily and to revive the operation of any provision so suspended.
(8)In exercising its power under this section to revoke or vary an order made under section 34(1)(b), the court shall have regard to all the circumstances of the case, including any change in any of the matters to which the court was required to have regard when making the order.
(9)Where on an application under this section the court varies any payments required to be made under section 34(1)(b), the court may provide that the payments as so varied shall be made from such date as the court may specify, not being earlier than the date of the making of the application.
[X1(10)Where an order made under section 34(1)(b) ceases to have effect on the date on which the child attains the age of sixteen or at any time after that date but before or on the date on which he attains the age of eighteen, then, if at any time before he attains the age of twenty-one an application is made by the child to an authorised court for an order under this subsection, the court shall have power by order to revive the first mentioned order from such date as the court may specify, not being earlier than the date of the making of the application, and to vary or revoke under this section any order so revived.]
[F14(10)Where an order under section 34(1)(b) ceases to have effect on the date on which the child attains the age of 16 or at any time after that date but before or on the date on which he attains the age of 18, the child may apply to an authorised court, other than a magistrates’ court, for an order for the revival of that order, and if, on such an application, it appears to the court that—
(a)the child is, will be or (if an order were made under this subsection) would be receiving instruction at an educational establishment or undergoing training for a trade, profession or vocation, whether or not he also is, will be or would be in gainful employment; or
(b)there are special circumstances which justify the making of an order under this subsection,
the court shall have power by order to revive the order made under section 34(1)(b) from such date as the court may specify, not being earlier than the date of the making of the application and to vary or revoke under this section any order so revived.
(10A)Any order made by a magistrates’ court under section 34(1)(b) which is revived by an order under subsection (10) shall for the purposes of the enforcement of the order be treated as an order made by the magistrates’ court by which the order was originally made.]
(11)The powers of a magistrates’ court to revoke, revive or vary under [F15section 60 of the M10Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980] an order for the periodical payment of money and to suspend or rescind under [F15section 63(2)] of that Act certain other orders shall not apply in relation to a custodianship order or an order made under section 34.]
Editorial Information
X1S. 35(10)(10A) commencing “Where an order under” substituted (E.W.) (in force 1.4.1989 subject to a saving in S.I. 1989/382, art. 3 Sch. 2 para 2) for subsection (10) commencing “Where an order made” by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 62
Textual Amendments
F8Words inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 66(2), Sch. 1
F9Words substituted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 66(3), Sch. 1
F10S. 35(4A) inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 66(4), Sch. 1
F11Words substituted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 66(5), Sch. 1
F12Words substituted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 66(6), Sch. 1
F13S. 35(7)–(11) added by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 66(7), Sch. 1
F14S. 35(10)(10A) commencing “Where an order under” substituted (E.W.) (in force 1.4.1989 subject to a saving in S.I. 1989/382, art. 3 Sch. 2 para 2) for subsection (10) commencing “Where an order made” by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 62
F15Words substituted by virtue of Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30, SIF 115:1), s. 17(2)(a)
Marginal Citations
M101980 c. 45(82).
(1)Without prejudice to the generality of section 34(1)(c), an order under that section for the payment of a lump sum may be made for the purpose of enabling any liabilities or expenses reasonably incurred in maintaining the child before the making of the order to be met.
(2)The amount of any lump sum required to be paid by an order made by a magistrates’ court under section 34(1)(c) shall not exceed £500 or such larger amount as the Secretary of State may from time to time by order fix for the purposes of this subsection.
Any order made by the Secretary of State under this subsection shall be made by statutory instrument and shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
(3)The power of the court under section 35 to vary or revoke an order made under section 34(1)(b) shall include power to make an order under section 34(1)(c) for the payment of a lump sum by the child’s mother or father (or both).
(4)The amount of any lump sum which the mother or father of the child may be required to pay by virtue of subsection (3) shall not, in the case of an order made by a magistrates’ court, exceed the maximum amount that may at the time of the making of the order be required to be paid under sub-section (2), but a magistrates’ court may make an order for the payment of a sum not exceeding that amount notwithstanding that the child’s mother or father was required to pay a lump sum by a previous order under this Part of this Act.
(5)An order made under section 34(1)(c) for the payment of a lump sum may provide for the payment of that sum by instalments, and where such an order makes provision for the payment of a lump sum by instalments, an authorised court, on an application made either by the person liable to pay or the person entitled to receive that sum, shall have power to vary that order by varying the number of instalments payable, the amount of any instalment payable and the date on which any instalment becomes payable.
(6)References in this section to the mother or father of a child include any person in relation to whom the child was treated as a child of the family (as defined in section 52(1) of the M11Matrimonial Causes Act 1973).]
Textual Amendments
F16S. 35A inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 67, Sch. 1
Marginal Citations
M111973 c. 18(49:3).
(1)Before revoking a custodianship order the court shall ascertain who would have legal custody of the child, if, on the revocation of the custodianship order, no further order were made under this section.
(2)If the child would not be in the legal custody of any person, the court shall, if it revokes the custodianship order, commit the care of the child to a specified local authority.
(3)If there is a person who would have legal custody of the child on the revocation of the custodianship order, the court shall consider whether it is desirable in the interests of the welfare of the child for the child to be in the legal custody of that person and—
(a)if the court is of the opinion that it would not be so desirable, it shall on revoking the custodianship order commit the care of the child to a specified local authority;
(b)if it is of the opinion that while it is desirable for the child to be in the legal custody of that person, it is also desirable in the interests of the welfare of the child for him to be under the supervision of an independent person, the court shall, on revoking the custodianship order, order that the child shall be under the supervision of a specified local authority or of a probation officer.
(4)Before exercising its functions under this section the court shall, unless it has sufficient information before it for the purpose, request—
(a)a local authority to arrange for an officer of the authority, or
(b)a probation officer,
to make to the court a report, orally or in writing, on the desirability of the child returning to the legal custody of any individual, and it shall be the duty of the local authority or probation officer to comply with the request.
[F17(5)Where the court makes an order under subsection (3)(a) the order may require either parent to make to the local authority or to the child such periodical payments, and for such term, as may be specified in the order; but the order shall only require payments to be made to the local authority while it has the care of the child.
[F18(5A)An order made under subsection (3)(a) with reference to an illegitimate child shall not require the father of that child to make any payments to the local authority or to the child.]
(5B)The court in deciding whether to exercise its powers under subsection (5) and, if so, in what manner, shall have regard to all the circumstances of the case including the matters to which the court is required to have regard under section 34A.
(5C)Section 34B shall apply in relation to an order under subsection (5) as it applies in relation to an order under section 34(1)(b).]
(6)Sections 3 and 4 of the M12Guardianship Act 1973 (which contain supplementary provisions relating to children who are subject to supervision, or in the care of local authority, by virtue of orders made under section 2 of that Act) apply in relation to an order under this section as they apply in relation to an order under section 2 of that Act [F19subject to the modification that the reference in section 4(2) of that Act to section 6 of that Act shall be construed as including a reference to subsection (4) of this section].
(7)Subsections (2) to (6) of section 6 of the Guardianship Act 1973 shall apply in relation to reports which are requested by magistrates’ courts under this section as they apply to reports under subsection (1) of that section.
Textual Amendments
F17S. 36(5)–(5C) substituted for s. 36(5) by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 68, Sch. 1
F18S. 36(5A) repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1)(4), Sch. 2 para. 63, Sch. 4
F19Words added by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 89, Sch. 1, Sch. 2 para. 46
Marginal Citations
M121973 c. 29(49:10).
(1)Where on an application for an adoption order by a relative of the child or by the husband or wife of the mother or father of the child, whether alone or jointly with his or her spouse, the requirements of [F20section 12][F20section 16 of the M13Adoption Act 1976] or, where the application is for a Convention adoption order, [F20section 24(6)][F20section 17(6) of that Act] are satisfied, but the court is satisfied—
(a)that the child’s welfare would not be better safeguarded and promoted by the making of adoption order in favour of the applicant, than it would be by the making of a custodianship order in his favour, and
(b)that it would be appropriate to make a custodianship order in the applicant’s favour,
the court shall direct the application to be treated as if it had been made by the applicant under section 33, but if the application was made jointly by the father or mother of the child and his or her spouse, the court shall direct the application to be treated as if made by the father’s wife or the mother’s husband alone.
(2)Where on an application for an adoption order made—
(a)by a person who is neither a relative of the child nor the husband or wife of the mother or father of the child; or
(b)by a married couple [F21neither of whom is a relative of the child or the husband or wife of the mother or father of the child],
the said requirements are satisfied but the court is of opinion that it would be more appropriate to make a custodianship order in favour of the applicant, it may direct the application to be treated as if it had been made by the applicant under section 33.
(3)Where on an application under [F22section 9 (orders for custody and maintenance][F22section 9 (orders for custody] on application of mother or father) of the M14Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 the court is of opinion that legal custody should be given to a person other than the mother or father, it may direct the application to be treated as if it had been made by that person under section 33.
(4)Where a direction is given under this section the applicant shall be treated (if such is not the case) as if he were qualified to apply for a custodianship order and this Part, except section 40, shall have effect accordingly.
[F23(4A)Where a custodianship order is made by virtue of a direction under subsection (3) or a direction under section 8(3) of the M15Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates’ Courts Act 1978, the court may direct that the order, or such provision thereof as the court may specify, shall not have effect until the occurrence of an event specified by the court or the expiration of a period so specified; and where the court has directed that the custodianship order, or any provision thereof, shall not have effect until the expiration of a specified period, the court may, at any time before the expiration of that period, direct that the order, or that provision thereof, shall not have effect until the expiration of such further period as the court may specify.]
(5)Subsection (1) does not apply to an application made by a step-parent whether alone or jointly with another person in any case where the step-parent is prevented by section 33(5) from being qualified to apply for a custodianship order in respect of the child.
(6)Subsections (1) and (2) do not apply to an application for an adoption order made by the child’s mother or father alone.
Textual Amendments
F20Words “section 16” to “1976” substituted for words “section 12” and words “section 17(6)” to “Act” substituted for words “section 24(6)” (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 3 para. 19
F21Words substituted by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 23
F22Words “section 9 (orders for custody)” expressed to be substituted (E.W.) for “section 9 (orders for custody and maintenance)” by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 64
F23S. 37(4A) inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 69, Sch. 1
Marginal Citations
M131976 c. 36(49:11).
M151978 c. 22(49:3).
If two persons have a parental right or duty vested in them jointly by a custodianship order or by virtue of section 44(2) but cannot agree on its exercise or performance, either of them may apply to an authorised court, and the court may make such order regarding the exercise of the right or performance of the duty as it thinks fit.
(1)A court dealing with an application made under this Part, or an application which is treated as if made under section 33, may request—
(a)a local authority to arrange for an officer of the authority, or
(b)a probation officer,
to make to the court a report, orally or in writing, with respect to any specified matter which appears to the court to be relevant to the application, and it shall be the duty of the local authority or probation officer to comply with the request.
(2)Subsections (2) to (6) of section 6 of the M16Guardianship Act 1973 shall apply in relation to reports which are requested by magistrates’ courts under this section as they apply to reports under subsection (1) of that section.
Marginal Citations
M161973 c. 29(49:10).
(1)A custodianship order shall not be made unless the applicant has given notice of the application for the order to the local authority in whose area the child resides within the seven days following the making of the application, or such extended period as the court or local authority may allow.
(2)On receipt of a notice given by the applicant under subsection (1) the local authority shall arrange for an officer of the authority to make a report to the court (so far as is practicable) on the matters prescribed under subsection (3) and on any other matter which he considers to be relevant to the application.
(3)The Secretary of State shall by regulations prescribe matters which are to be included in a report under subsection (2) and, in particular, but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, the prescribed matters shall include—
(a)the wishes and feelings of the child having regard to his age and understanding and all other matters relevant to the operation of section 1 (principle on which questions relating to custody are to be decided) of the M17Guardianship of Minors 1971 in relation to the application;
(b)the means and suitability of the applicant;
(c)information of a kind specified in the regulations relating to members of the applicant’s household;
(d)the wishes regarding the application, and the means, of the mother and father of the child.
(4)Subsections (2), (3) and (3A) of section 6 of the M18Guardianship Act 1973 shall apply to a report under this section which is submitted to a magistrates’ court.
(1)While an application for a custodianship order in respect of a child made by the person with whom the child has at the time the application is made had his home for a period (whether continuous or not) amounting to at least three years is pending, another person is not entitled, against the will of the applicant, to remove the child from the applicant’s [F24actual] custody except with the leave of a court or under authority conferred by any enactment or on the arrest of the child.
(2)In any case where subsection (1) applies, and
(a)the child was in the care of a local authority before he began to have his home with the applicant, and
(b)the child remains in the care of a local authority,
the authority in whose care the child is shall not remove the child from the applicant’s [F24actual] custody except with the applicant’s consent or the leave of a court.
(3)Any person who contravenes subsection (1) commits an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months or a fine not exceeding [F25level 5 on the standard scale] or both.
(4)The Secretary of State may by order a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament amend subsection (1) to substitute a different period for the period mentioned in that subsection (or the period which, by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).
Textual Amendments
F24Words inserted by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 60(b)
F25Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), ss. 38, 46
(1)An authorised court may on the application of a person from whose [F26actual] custody a child has been removed in breach of section 41 order the person who has so removed the child to return the child to the applicant.
(2)An authorised court may on the application of a person who has reasonable grounds for believing that another person is intending to remove a child from the applicant’s [F26actual] custody in breach of section 41 by order direct that other person not to remove the child from the applicant’s custody in breach of that section.
(3)If, in the case of an order made by the High Court under subsection (1), the High Court or, in the case of an order made by a county court under subsection (1), a county court is satisfied that the child has not been returned to the applicant, the court may make an order authorising an officer of the court to search such premises as may be specified in the order for the child and, if the officer finds the child, to return the child to the applicant.
(4)If a justice of the peace is satisfied by information on oath that there are reasonable grounds for believing that a child to whom an order under subsection (1) relates is in premises specified in the information, he may issue a search warrant authorising a constable to search the premises for the child; and if a constable acting in pursuance of a warrant under this section finds the child, he shall return the child to the person on whose application the order under subsection (1) was made.
(5)An order under subsection (3) may be enforced in like manner as a warrant for committal.
Textual Amendments
(1)If at a time when the custodian is entitled to actual custody of the child by virtue of a custodianship order made by a magistrates’ court any other person has actual custody of him, a copy of the custodianship order may be served on that person and thereupon the order may, without prejudice to any other remedy open to the custodian, be enforced under [F27section 63(3) of the M19Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980] as if it were an order of a magistrates’ court requiring that person to give up the child to the custodian.
(2)Any person for the time being under an obligation to make payments in pursuance of any order for the payment of money made by a magistrates’ court under section 34 shall give notice of any change of address to such person (if any) as may be specified in the order; and if he fails without reasonable excuse to give such a notice he commits an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding [F28level 2 on the standard scale].
[X2(3)An order for the payment of money made by a magistrates’ court under section 34 shall be enforceable as a magistrates’ court maintenance order within the meaning of section 150(1) of the M20Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980.]
[F29(3)An order for the payment of money made by a magistrates’ court under section 34 may be enforced in like manner as an affiliation order, and the enactments relating to affiliation orders shall apply accordingly with the necessary modifications.]
Editorial Information
X2S. 43(3) appearing first substituted (E.W.) for s. 43(3) appearing second by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 65
Textual Amendments
F27Words substituted by virtue of Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30, SIF 115:1), s. 17(2)(a)
F28Words substituted by virtue of Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 89, Sch. 1, Sch. 2 para. 47 and Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 46
F29S. 43(3) appearing first substituted (E.W.) for s. 43(3) appearing second by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1), Sch. 2 para. 65
Marginal Citations
M191980 c. 43(82).
M201980 c. 43 (82)
[F31(1)An authorised court, on making an order to which this subsection applies or at any time while such an order is in force, may by order direct, if an application is made under this section, that no person shall take the child to whom the order relates out of [F32the United Kingdom, or out of any part of the United Kingdom specified in the order,] except with the leave of the court.
(1A)Subsection (1) applies to the following orders under this Part of this Act—
(a)a custodianship order; and
(b)an interim order under section 34(5) containing provision regarding legal custody.]
(2)An authorised court may by order vary or revoke any order made under this section.
(3)An application for an order under subsection (1), or for the variation or revocation of such an order, may be made by the mother or father of the child or by the custodian.]
Textual Amendments
F30S. 43A inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 70, Sch. 1
F31S. 43A(1)(1A) substituted for s. 43A(1) by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 24
F32Words substituted by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:10), s. 35(1)
(1)While a custodianship order has effect in relation to a child the right of any person other than the custodian to legal custody of the child is suspended, but, subject to any further order made by any court, revives on the revocation of the custodianship order.
(2)Subsection (1) does not apply where the person already having custody is a parent of the child and the person who becomes custodian under the order is the husband or wife of the parent; and in such a case the spouses have the legal custody jointly.
(1)Where a custodianship order subsists in respect of an illegitimate child, and no affiliation order relating to the child has been made under the M21Affiliation Proceedings Act 1957, the custodian of the child may apply to a justice of the peace acting for the petty sessions area in which the child or the child’s mother resides for a summons to be served under section 1 of that Act.
(2)The court shall proceed on the application as on a complaint under that section, but the person entitled to any payments under an affiliation order made on the application shall be the custodian.
(3)An application may not be made under subsection (1)—
(a)if the custodian is married to the child’s mother, or
(b)more than three years after the custodianship order was made.]
Textual Amendments
F33S. 45 repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(1)(4), Sch. 2 para. 65, Sch. 4
Marginal Citations
M211957 c. 55(49:7).
(1)It is hereby declared that any jurisdiction conferred on a magistrates’ court by virtue of this Part is exercisable notwithstanding that the proceedings are brought by or against a person residing outside England and Wales.
(2)A magistrates’ court may, subject to subsection (3), proceed on an application for an order under this Part notwithstanding that the defendant has not been served with the summons, and rules may prescribe matters as to which the court is to be satisfied before proceeding in such a case.
(3)A magistrates’ court shall not—
(a)make an order under this Part requiring a person to make [F34periodical payments or pay a lump sum] towards the maintenance of a child, or
(b)vary an order under this Part so as to increase a person’s liability to make [F35periodical] payments towards the maintenance of a child,
unless the person has been served with the summons.
(4)Rules may make provision as to the persons who are to be made defendants to a complaint for an order under this Part and where there are two or more defendants to such a complaint the power of the court under [F36section 64(1) of the M22Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980] (power to award costs etc.) shall be deemed to include power, whatever adjudication the court makes, to order any of the parties to pay the whole or part of the costs of all or any of the parties.
(5)In this section, “rules” means rules made under section 15 of the Justices of the M23Peace Act 1949.
Textual Amendments
F34Words substituted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 89, Sch. 1, Sch. 2 para. 48(a)
F35Word inserted by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 89, Sch. 1, Sch. 2 para. 48(b)
F36Words substituted by Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (c. 43, SIF 82), s. 154, Sch. 7 para. 138
Marginal Citations
M221980 c. 43(82).
M231949 c. 101(82).
(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F37
(2)[F38Notwithstanding the generality of section 3(1) of the M24Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986], custody of a child shall not be granted in any proceedings to a person other than a parent [F39, tutor, curator] or guardian of the child unless that person—
(a)being a relative or step-parent of the child, has the consent of a parent [F39, tutor, curator] or guardian of the child and has had care and possession of the child for the three months preceding the making of the application for custody; or
(b)has the consent of a parent [F39, tutor, curator] or guardian of the child and has had care and possession of the child for a period or periods, before such application, which amounted to at least twelve months and included the three months preceding such application; or
(c)has had care and possession of the child for a period or periods before such application which amounted to at least three years and included the three months preceding such application; or
(d)while not falling within paragraph (a), (b) or (c), can show cause, . . . F40 why an order should be made awarding him custody of the child.
(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F37
(4)The Secretary of State may by order a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament amend subsection (2)(c) to substitute a different period for the period of three years mentioned in that paragraph (or the period which by a previous order under this subsection was substituted for that period).
(5)In relation to a grant of custody to which this section applies,
(a)“guardian” has the same mean ing as in the 1958 Act [F41M25Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978];
(b)-(c). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F42
(6)The form and manner of any consent required in terms of subsection (2)(a) or (b) may be prescribed by act of sederunt.
Textual Amendments
F37S. 47(1)(3) repealed by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(2), Sch. 2
F38Words substituted by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(1)(a)
F39Words inserted by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(1)(b)
F40Words repealed by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(2), Sch. 2
F41Words inserted by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 3 para. 16
F42S. 47(5)(b)(c) repealed by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(2), Sch. 2
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C4S. 47(2) excluded (in certain cases where application for custody has been made before 1.4.1986) by S.I. 1985/1557 art. 4, Sch. 2 para. 1
Marginal Citations
(1)A person making an application relating to the custody of a child shall, so far as practicable and in such manner as may be prescribed by act of sederunt, give notice of that application to each known parent of the child, . . . F43.
(2)Any order made by virtue of this Part of this Act may be varied or discharged by a subsequent order, either by the Courtex proprio motuor on the application of any person concerned.
(3)In section 11(1) of the M26Guardianship of Minors Act 1973, for the words from “Where an application” to “relates to the custody of a child” there is substituted “Where an application relating to the custody of a child, other than an application to which Part II of the M27Matrimonial Proceedings Act 1958 applies, is made to a court”.
(4)In section 12(2)(a) of the Guardianship Act 1973, for the words from “Where an application” to “by virtue of section 11 of this Act” there is substituted “Where any application, other than one to which Part II of the Matrimonial Proceedings (Children) Act 1958 applies, is made to a court for custody of a child or for the variation or discharge of any order (including an order made by virtue of section 11 above) relating to the custody of a child”.
Textual Amendments
F43Words repealed by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(2), Sch. 2
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C5The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
(1)Where an applicant for custody of a child is [F44not a parent] of the child, an order awarding custody to that applicant shall not except on cause shown be made unless the applicant—
(a)in any case where at the time of the application he resided in Scotland, has, within the seven days following the making of the application, given notice thereof to the local authority within whose area he resided at that time;
(b)in any other case, has within such time as the court may direct given, to such local authority in Scotland as the court may specify, notice of the making of the application.
(2)On receipt of a notice under subsection (1) the local authority shall investigate and report to the court on all the circumstances of the child and on the proposed arrangements for the care and upbringing of the child.
(3)Paragraphs (b) and (c) of subsection (2) of section 12 of the M28Guardianship Act 1973 shall apply in relation to an investigation and report in terms of this section as they apply in relation to an investigation and report in terms of paragraph (a) of subsection (2) of that section.
Textual Amendments
F44Words substituted by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(2)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C6S. 49 excluded (in certain cases where application for custody has been made before 1.4.1986) by S.I. 1985/1557 art. 4, Sch. 2 para. 1
Marginal Citations
M281973 c. 29(49:10).
Without prejudice to any existing powers and duties to make payments in respect of the maintenance of children, where custody of a child has been awarded to a person other than a parent of the child any local authority may make to that person payments for or towards the maintenance of the child.
(1)Where a person has applied for custody of a child, it shall be an offence, except with the authority of a court or under authority conferred by any enactment or on the arrest of the child, to remove the child from the [F45care and possession] of the applicant against the will of the applicant if—
(a)the child has been in the care and possession of that person for a period or periods before the making of the application which amount to at least three years; and
(b)the application is pending in any court.
(2)In any case where subsection (1) applies, and
(a)the child was in the care of a local authority before he began to have his home with the applicant, and
(b)the child remains in the care of a local authority,
the authority in whose care the child is shall not remove the child from the applicant’s [F45care and possession] except—
(i)with the applicant’s consent;
(ii)with the leave of a court; or
(iii)with the authority, in terms of Part III of the M29Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968, of a justice of the peace or a children’s hearing.
(3)Any person who contravenes the provisions of subsection (1) commits an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months or a fine not exceeding [F46level 5 on the standard scale] or both.
(4)The Secretary of State may by order, a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament, amend subsection (1) to substitute a different period for the period mentioned in that subsection (or for the period which, by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).
Textual Amendments
F45Words substituted by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 25
F46Words substituted by virtue of Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 (c. 21, SIF 39:1), ss. 289F, 289G
Marginal Citations
M291968 c. 49(81:3).
A court in which an application for custody of a child is pending may—
(a)on the application of a person from whose [F47care and possession] the child has been removed in breach of section 51, order the person who has so removed the child to return the child to the applicant;
(b)on the application of a person who has reasonable grounds for believing that another person is intending to remove the child from the applicant’s [F47care and possession] in breach of section 51, by order direct that other person not to remove the child from the applicant’s [F47care and possession] in breach of that section.
Textual Amendments
(1)Without prejudice to the provisions of section 19 (power to make an interim order giving custody), where on an application for an adoption order in respect of a child . . . F48 the court is of opinion—
(a)in the case of an applicant who is a relative of the child or a husband or wife of the mother or father of the child (whether applying alone or jointly with his or her spouse)—
(i)that the child’s welfare would not be better safeguarded and promoted by the making of an adoption order in favour of the applicant than it would be by the making of a custody order in his favour; and
(ii)that it would be appropriate to make a custody order in favour of the applicant; or
(b)in any other case, that the making of a custody order in favour of the applicant would be more appropriate than the making of an adoption order in his favour.
the court shall direct that the application is to be treated as if it had been made for custody of the child; . . . F49
(2)In the application of this Part of this Act to any case where a direction under subsection (1) has been made—
(a)for references in section 47(2) to the making of an application for custody there shall be substituted references to the making of an application for an adoption order;
(b)for the references in section 49 and paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section 51 to the making of an application there shall be substituted references to the making of a direction in terms of subsection (1) of this section;
(c)in section 51(1) for the words “for custody of” there shall be substituted the words “for an adoption order in respect of”.
(3)For the purposes of section 11 of the M30Guardianship Act 1973, any application in respect of which a direction has been made under subsection (1) of this section, is an application for custody of a child.
Textual Amendments
F48Words repealed by virtue of Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(2), Sch. 2
F49Words repealed by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:3), s. 68(2), Sch. 2
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C7S. 53 excluded (in certain cases where application for adoption order has been made before 1.4.1986) by S.I. 1985/1557 art. 4, Sch. 2 para. 2
Marginal Citations
M301973 c. 29(49:10).
Textual Amendments
F50S. 54 repealed by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:3), s. 68(2), Sch. 2
(1)In sections 47 to 54 “child” means a person under the age of sixteen [F51and “relative” means a grand-parent, brother, sister, uncle or aunt, whether of the full blood or half blood or by affinity].
(2)Sections 47 to 54 and this section apply to Scotland only [F52and shall be construed in accordance with section 1(1) of the M31Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986].
Textual Amendments
F51Words added by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(3)
F52Words added by Law Reform (Parent and Child) (Scotland) Act 1986 (c. 9, SIF 49:8), ss. 9, 10(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(4)
Marginal Citations
(1)In section 1 of the Children Act 1948, the following subsections are inserted after subsection (3)—
“(3A)Except in relation to an act done—
(a)with the consent of the local authority, or
(b)by a parent or guardian of the child who has given the local authority not less than 28 days’ notice of his intention to do it,
subsection (8) (penalty for taking away a child in care) of section 3 of this Act shall apply to a child in the care of a local authority under this section (notwithstanding that no resolution is in force under section 2 of this Act with respect to the child) if he has been in the care of that local authority throughout the preceding six months; and for the purposes of the application of paragraph (b) of that subsection in such a case a parent or guardian of the child shall not be taken to have lawful authority to take him away.
(3B)The Secretary of State may by order a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament amend subsection (3A) of this section by substituting a different period for the period of 28 days or of six months mentioned in that subsection (or the period which, by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).”
(2)The following section is inserted after section 33 of the Children Act 1948—
(1)Section 3(8) of this Act shall apply in relation to children who are not in the care of local authorities under section 1 of this Act but who are in voluntary homes or are boarded out, as it applies by virtue of subsection (3A) of the said section 1 to children in the care of the local authority, except that in the case of a child who is not in the care of a local authority the references in subsection (3A) to a local authority shall be construed as references to the voluntary organisation in whose care the child is.
(2)For the purposes of this section—
(a)a child is boarded out if he is boarded out, by the voluntary organisation in whose care he is, with foster parents to live in their home as a member of their family;
(b)“voluntary home” includes a controlled community home and an assisted community home.”.]
Textual Amendments
F53Ss. 56–59 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C8The text of ss. 56–59, 72 and 93 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
The following section is substituted for section 2 of the M32Children Act 1948.
“2(1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, if it appears to a local authority in relation to any child who is in their care under the foregoing sectionmdash;
(a)that his parents are dead and he has no guardian or custodian; or
(b)that a parent of his—
(i)has abandoned him, or
(ii)suffers from some permanent disability rendering him incapable of caring for the child, or
(iii)while not falling within sub-paragraph (ii) of this paragraph, suffers from a mental disorder (within the meaning of the Mental Health Act 1959), which renders him unfit to have the care of the child, or
(iv)is of such habits or mode of life as to be unfit to have the care of the child, or
(v)has so consistently failed without reasonable cause to discharge the obligations of a parent as to be unfit to have the care of the child; or
(c)that a resolution under paragraph (b) of this subsection is in force in relation to one parent of the child who is, or is likely to become, a member of the household comprising the child and his other parent; or
(d)that throughout the three years preceding the passing of the resolution the child has been in the care of a local authority under the foregoing section, or partly in the care of a local authority and partly in the care of a voluntary organisation,
the local authority may resolve that there shall vest in them the parental rights and duties with respect to that child, and, if the rights and duties were vested in the parent on whose account the resolution was passed jointly with another person, they shall also be vested in the local authority jointly with that other person.
(2)In the case of a resolution passed under paragraph (b), (c) or (d) of subsection (1) of this section, unless the person whose parental rights and duties have under the resolution vested in the local authority has consented in writing to the passing of the resolution, the local authority, if that person’s whereabouts are known to them, shall forthwith after the passing of the resolution serve on him notice in writing of the passing thereof.
(3)Every notice served by a local authority under subsection (2) of this section shall inform the person on whom the notice is served of his right to object to the resolution and the effect of any objection made by him.
(4)If, not later than one month after notice is served on a person under subsection (2) of this section, he serves a counter-notice in writing on the local authority objecting to the resolution, the resolution shall, subject to the provisions of subsection (5) of this section, lapse on the expiry of fourteen days from the service of the counter-notice.
(5)Where a counter-notice has been served on a local authority under subsection (4) of this section, the authority may not later than fourteen days after the receipt by them of the counter-notice complain to a juvenile court having jurisdiction in the area of the authority, and in that event the resolution shall not lapse until the determination of the complaint; and the court may on the hearing of the complaint order that the resolution shall not lapse by reason of the service of the counter-notice:
Provided that the court shall not so order unless satisfied—
(a)that the grounds mentioned in subsection (1) of this section on which the local authority purported to pass the resolution were made out, and
(b)that at the time of the hearing there continued to be grounds on which a resolution under subsection (1) of this section could be founded, and
(c)that it is in the interests of the child to do so.
(6)While a resolution passed under subsection (1)(b), (c) or (d) of this section is in force with respect to a child, section 1(3) of this Act shall not apply in relation to the person who, but for the resolution would have the parental rights and duties in relation to the child.
(7)Any notice under this section (including a counter-notice) may be served by post, so however that a notice served by a local authority under subsection (2) of this section shall not be duly served by post unless it is sent by registered post or recorded delivery service.
(8)A resolution under this section shall cease to have effect if—
(a)the child is adopted;
(b)an order in respect of the child is made under section 14 or 25 of the Children Act 1975; or
(c)a guardian of the child is appointed under section 5 of the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971.
(9)Where, after a child has been received into the care of a local authority under the foregoing section, the whereabouts of any parent of his have remained unknown for twelve months, then, for the purposes of this section, the parent shall be deemed to have abandoned the child.
(10)The Secretary of State may by order a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament amend subsection (1)(d) of this section to substitute a different period for the period mentioned in that paragraph (or the period which, by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).
(11)In this section—
“parent”, except in subsection (1)(a), includes a guardian or custodian;
“parental rights and duties”, in relation to a particular child, means all rights and duties which by law the mother and father have in relation to a legitimate child and his property except the right to consent or refuse to consent to the making of an application under section 14 of the Children Act 1975 and the right to agree or refuse to agree to the making of an adoption order or an order under section 25 of that Act.”.]
Textual Amendments
F54Ss. 56–59 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Marginal Citations
In the M33Children Act 1948, the following sections are inserted after section 4—
An appeal shall lie to the High Court from the making by a juvenile court of an order under section 2(5) or section 4(3) of this Act (orders confirming or terminating local authority resolutions under section 2(1) of this Act), or from the refusal by a juvenile court to make such an order.
(1)In any proceedings under section 2(5) or 4(3) or 4A of this Act, a juvenile court or the High Court may, where it considers it necessary in order to safeguard the interests of the child to whom the proceedings relate, by order make the child a party to the proceedings and appoint, subject to rules of court, a guardian ad litem of the child for the purposes of the proceedings.
(2)A guardian ad litem appointed in pursuance of this section shall be under a duty to safeguard the interests of the child in the manner prescribed by rules of court.
(3)Section 6 of the Guardianship Act 1973 shall apply in relation to complaints under section 2(5) or 4(3) of this Act as it applies in relation to applications under section 3(3) of the said Act of 1973.”.]
Textual Amendments
F55Ss. 56–59 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C9The text of ss. 56–59, 72 and 93 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
In section 12 of the Children Act 1948, the following subsections are substituted for subsection (1)—
“(1)In reaching any decision relating to a child in their care, a local authority shall give first consideration to the need to safeguard and promote the welfare of the child throughout his childhood; and shall so far as practicable ascertain the wishes and feelings of the child regarding the decision and give due consideration to them, having regard to his age and understanding.
(1A)If it appears to the local authority that it is necessary, for the purpose of protecting members of the public, to exercise their powers in relation to a particular child in their care in a manner which may not be consistent with their duty under the foregoing subsection, the authority may, notwithstanding that duty, act in that manner.”.]
Textual Amendments
F56Ss. 56–59 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C10The text of ss. 56–59, 72 and 93 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
(1)Where it appears to a local authority as respects a child in the care of a voluntary organisation which is an incorporated body—
(a)that the child is not in the care of any local authority, and
(b)that a condition specified in section 2(1) of the M34Children Act 1948 is satisfied; and
(c)that it is necessary in the interests of the welfare of the child for the parental rights and duties to be vested in the organisation,
the authority may, subject to subsections (5) and (6), resolve that there shall vest in the organisation the parental rights and duties with respect to that child.
(2)While a resolution under this section is in force the parental rights and duties shall vest in the organisation in whose care the child is when the resolution is passed.
(3)If, immediately before the resolution is passed, the parental rights and duties are vested in the parent in relation to whom the resolution is passed jointly with any other person, then on the passing of the resolution the parental rights and duties shall vest jointly in that other person and the organisation in whose care the child is.
(4)In determining, for the purposes of subsection (1) of this section, whether the condition specified in section 2(1)(b)(i) of the Children Act 1948 is satisfied, if the whereabouts of any parent of the child have remained unknown for twelve months, that parent shall be deemed to have abandoned the child.
(5)A resolution under subsection (1) may not be passed by a local authority in respect of any child unless—
(a)the child is living in the area of the authority either in a voluntary home or with foster parents with whom he has been boarded by the organisation in whose care he is; and
(b)that organisation has requested the authority to pass the resolution.
(6)The parental rights and duties which may vest in an organisation by virtue of this section do not include the right to consent or refuse to consent to the making of an application under section 14 and the right to agree or refuse to agree to the making of an adoption order or an order under section 25; and regulations made under section 33(1) of the Children Act 1948 shall apply to the emigration of a child notwithstanding that the parental rights and duties relating to the child are vested in the voluntary organisation.
(7)Subsection (8) of section 2 of the Children Act 1948 shall apply in relation to a resolution under subsection (1) as if it were a resolution under the said section 2.]
Textual Amendments
F57S. 60 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Marginal Citations
(1)If it appears to a local authority, having regard to the interests of the welfare of a child living within their area, the parental rights and duties with respect to whom are by virtue of a resolution under section 60 vested in a voluntary organisation, that it is necessary that the parental rights and duties should no longer be vested in the organisation, the local authority shall resolve that there shall vest in them the parental rights and duties relating to the child.
(2)The local authority shall within seven days of passing a resolution under subsection (1) by notice in writing inform the organisation and each parent, guardian or custodian of the child whose whereabouts are known to them that the resolution has been passed.]
Textual Amendments
F58S. 61 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
(1)A resolution under subsection (1) of section 60 shall cease to have effect on the passing of a resolution under subsection (1) of section 61.
(2)Section 6 of the M35Children Act 1948 shall have effect in relation to a resolution under subsection (1) of section 60 as it has effect in relation to a resolution under section 2 of that Act.
(3)A resolution under subsection (1) of section 61 shall be deemed to be a resolution under section 2 of the Children Act 1948 except that sections 2(2) to (7) and 4(3) of that Act shall not apply.]
Textual Amendments
F59S. 62 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Marginal Citations
(1)Subsections (2) to (5) and (7) of section 2 of the Children Act 1948 shall apply to a resolution under section 60 as they apply to a resolution under the said section 2, with the substitution for the reference in subsection (2) to the vesting of parental rights and duties in the local authority of a reference to the vesting of parental rights and duties in the voluntary organisation.
(2)An appeal may be made—
(a)where the complaint relates to a resolution under section 60, by a person deprived of parental rights and duties by the resolution, or
(b)where the complaint relates to a resolution under section 61, by a person who but for that resolution and an earlier resolution under section 60 would have parental rights and duties,
to a juvenile court having jurisdiction in the area of the authority which passed the resolution, on the ground that—
(i)there was no ground for the making of the resolution, or
(ii)that the resolution should in the interests of the child be determined.
(3)An appeal shall lie to the High Court against the decision of a juvenile court under this section.
(4)Section 4B of the M36Children Act 1948 shall apply in relation to proceedings under this section.]
Textual Amendments
F60S. 63 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Marginal Citations
The following heading and sections are inserted after section 32 of the M37Children and Young Persons Act 1969—
(1)If before or in the course of proceedings in respect of a child or young person—
(a)in pursuance of section 1 of this Act, or
(b)on an application under section 15(1) of this Act for the discharge of a relevant supervision order or a supervision order made under section 21(2) of this Act on the discharge of a relevant care order; or
(c)on an application under section 21(2) of this Act for the discharge of a relevant care order or a care order made under section 15(1) of this Act on the discharge of a relevant supervision order; or
(d)on an appeal to the Crown Court under section 2(12) of this Act, or
(e)on an appeal to the Crown Court under section 16(8) of this Act against the dismissal of an application for the discharge of a relevant supervision order or against a care order made under section 15(1) on the discharge of—
(i)a relevant supervision order; or
(ii)a supervision order made under section 21(2) on the discharge of a relevant care order; or
(f)on an appeal to the Crown Court under section 21(4) of this Act against the dismissal of an application for the discharge of a relevant care order or against a supervision order made under section 21(2) on the discharge of—
(i)a relevant care order; or
(ii)a care order made under section 15(1) on the discharge of a relevant supervision order,
it appears to the court that there is or may be a conflict, on any matter relevant to the proceedings, between the interests of the child or young person and those of his parent or guardian, the court may order that in relation to the proceedings the parent or guardian is not to be treated as representing the child or young person or as otherwise authorised to act on his behalf.
(2)If an application such as is referred to in subsection (1)(b) or (c) of this section is unopposed, the court, unless satisfied that to do so is not necessary for safeguarding the interests of the child or young person, shall order that in relation to proceedings on the application no parent or guardian of his shall be treated as representing him or as otherwise authorised to act on his behalf; but where the application was made by a parent or guardian on his behalf the order shall not invalidate the application.
(3)Where an order is made under subsection (1) or (2) of this section for the purposes of proceedings on an application within subsection 1(a), (b) or (c) of this section, that order shall also have effect for the purposes of any appeal to the Crown Court arising out of those proceedings.
(4)The power of the court to make orders for the purposes of an application within subsection (1)(a),(b) or (c) of this section shall also be exercisable, before the hearing of the application, by a single justice.
(5)In this section— “relevant care order” means a care order made under section 1 of this Act; “relevant supervision order” means a supervision order made under section 1 of this Act.
(1)Where the court makes an order under section 32A(2) of this Act the court, unless satisfied that to do so is not necessary for safeguarding the interests of the child or young person, shall in accordance with rules of court appoint a guardian ad litem of the child or young person for the purposes of the proceedings.
In this subsection “court” includes a single justice.
(2)Rules of court shall provide for the appointment of a guardian ad litem of the child or young person for the purposes of any proceedings to which an order under section 32A(1) of this Act relates.
(3)A guardian ad litem appointed in pursuance of this section shall be under a duty to safeguard the interests of the child or young person in the manner prescribed by rules of court.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C11The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
Textual Amendments
F61S. 65 repealed by Legal Aid Act 1988 (c. 34, SIF 77:1), s. 45, Sch. 6
In the M38Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 the following section is inserted after section 34—
(1)In any proceedings—
(a)before a children’s hearing;
(b)before the sheriff on an application under section 42(2)(c) of this Act;
(c)before the sheriff on an appeal under section 49 or 51 of this Act,
the chairman (in the case of proceedings referred to in paragraph (a) above) or the sheriff (in any other case)—
(i)shall consider whether it is necessary for the purpose of safeguarding the interests of the child in the proceedings, because there is or may be a conflict, on any matter relevant to the proceedings, between the interests of the child and those of his parent, to appoint a person to act for that purpose ; and
(ii)without prejudice to any existing power to appoint a person to represent the interests of the child, may, if he thinks fit, appoint a person to act for the purpose specified in paragraph (i) above.
(2)The power to make rules under—
(a)section 35(4) of this Act,
(b)section 32 of the Sheriff Courts (Scotland) Act 1971,
shall include power to make rules providing for—
(i)the procedure in relation to the disposal of matters arising under this section ;
(ii)appointment under subsection (1) of this section, the functions of a person so appointed and any right of such a person to information relating to the proceedings in question.
(3)The expenses of a person appointed under subsection (1) of this section shall—
(a)in so far as reasonably incurred by him in safeguarding the interests of the child in the proceedings, and
(b)except in so far as otherwise defrayed in terms of regulations made under section 103(2) of the Children Act 1975, be borne by the local authority for whose area the children’s panel from which the relevant children’s hearing has been constituted is formed.
(4)For the purposes of subsection (3) of this section, “relevant children’s hearing” means—
(a)in the case of proceedings referred to in subsection (1)(a) of this section, the children’s hearing,
(b)in the case of proceedings referred to in subsection (1)(b) of this section, the children’s hearing who have directed the application ;
(c)in the case of proceedings referred to in subsection (1)(c) of this section, the children’s hearing whose decision is being appealed against.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C12The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
(1)This section applies to a child—
(a)who is in the care of a local authority under section 1 of the Children Act 1948; and
(b)with respect to whom there is in force a resolution under section 2 of that Act; and
(c)who—
(i)has run away from accommodation provided for him by the local authority under Part II of the said Act; or
(ii)has been taken away from such accommodation contrary to section 3(8) of the said Act; or
(iii)has not been returned to the local authority as required by a notice served under section 49 of the M39Children and Young Persons Act 1963 on a person under whose charge and control the child was, in accordance with section 13(2) of the said Act of 1948, allowed to be.
(2)If a justice of the peace is satisfied by information on oath that there are reasonable grounds for believing that a person specified in the information can produce the child to whom this section applies, he may issue a summons directed to the person so specified and requiring him to attend and produce the child before a magistrates’ court acting for the same petty sessions area as the justice.
(3)Without prejudice to the powers under subsection (2) above, if a justice of the peace is satisfied by information on oath that there are reasonable grounds for believing that a child to whom this section applies is in premises specified in the information, he may issue a search warrant authorising a person named in the warrant, being an officer of the local authority in whose care the child is, to search the premises for the child; and if the child is found, he shall be placed in such accommodation as the local authority may provide for him under Part II of the Children Act 1948.
(4)A person who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply with a summons under subsection (2) shall, without prejudice to any liability apart from this subsection, be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £100.]
Textual Amendments
F62S. 67 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
Marginal Citations
M391963 c. 37(20).
(1)Section 32 of the M40Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (detention of absentees) shall have effect subject to the following provisions of this section.
(2)In subsection (1) of the said section 32, paragraph (b) shall cease to have effect.
(3)After subsection (1) of the said section 32, there is inserted the following subsection:—
“(1A)If a child or young person is absent from a place of safety to which he has been taken in pursuance of section 2(5), 16(3) or 28 of this Act without the consent of—
(a)the person who made the arrangements for his detention in the place of safety in pursuance of the said section 2(5) or 16(3), or
(b)the person on whose application an authorisation relating to the child or young person has been issued under the said section 28,
he may be arrested by a constable anywhere in the United Kingdom or the Channel Islands without a warrant, and shall, if so arrested, be conducted to the place of safety at the expense of the person referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) (as the case may be) of this subsection.”.
(4)In subsection (2) of the said section 32, after the words “subsection (1)” there are inserted the words “or (1A)”, and for the words “twenty pounds” there is substituted the word “£100”.
(5)After the said subsection (2), the following subsections are inserted—
“(2A)Without prejudice to its powers under subsection (2) of this section, a magistrates’ court (within the meaning of that subsection) may, if it is satisfied by information on oath that there are reasonable grounds for believing that a person who is absent as mentioned in subsection (1) or (1A) of this section is in premises specified in the information, issue a search warrant authorising a constable to search the premises for that person.
(2B)A court shall not issue a summons or search warrant under subsection (2) or (2A) of this section in any case where the person who is absent is a person to whom subsection (1A) of this section applies, unless the information referred to in the said subsection (2) or (2A) is given by the person referred to in subsection (1A)(a) or (b) (as the case may be) of this section.”.
(6)In subsection (3) of the said section 32, for the words “one hundred pounds” there is substituted the word “£400”.
(7)In subsection (4) of the said section 32, for the words “subsection (1)” there are substituted the words “subsections (1), (1A) and (2A)”, and for the words “that subsection” there are substituted the words “subsection (1).”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C13The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
The court shall not certify under section 22(5) or section 23(2) or (3) of the M41Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (committals to remand centres or prison) that a child is of so unruly a character that he cannot safely be committed to the care of a local authority unless the conditions prescribed by order made by the Secretary of State are satisfied in relation to that child.
In this section, “court” includes a justice.
Marginal Citations
M411969 c. 54(20).
Prospective
The following provisions of the M42Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 (which relate to children of unruly character) shall be amended in the manner specified in paragraphs (a) to (c) below—
(a)in sections 23(1)(b), 24(1), 297(1) and 329(1)(b) of the said Act of 1975 the following words are added at the end— “ ; but the court shall not so certify a child unless such conditions as the Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument prescribe are satisfied in relation to the child. ” ;
(b)in sections 23(3) and 329(3) of the said Act of 1975 the following words are added at the end— “ ; but a commitment shall not be so revoked unless such conditions as the Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument prescribe are satisfied in relation to the said person. ” ;
(c)in sections 24(2) and 297(2) of the said Act of 1975 the following words are added at the end— “ ; but a commitment shall not be so revoked unless such conditions as the Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument prescribe are satisfied in relation to the child. ”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C14The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
Textual Amendments
F63S. 71 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), Sch. 6
The following section is inserted after section 59 of the M43 Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
(1)The Secretary of State may make to a local authority grants of such amount and subject to such conditions as he may with the consent of the Treasury determine in respect of expenditure incurred by the authority in—
(a)providing ;
(b)joining with another local authority in providing; or
(c)contributing by way of grant under section 10(3) of this Act to the provision by a voluntary organisation of,
secure accommodation . . . F64.
(2)The conditions subject to which grants are made under subsection (1) of this section may include conditions for securing the repayment in whole or in part of such grants.
(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ”.F64
Textual Amendments
F64Words "in residential establishment." and s. 72(3) repealed by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 13:3), Sch. 10 Pt. I)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C15The text of ss. 56–59, 72 and 93 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
In section 15 of the M44Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 the following subsections are inserted after subsection (3)—
“(3A)Subsection (8) (penalty for taking away a child in care etc.) of section 17 of this Act shall apply to a child in the care of a local authority under this section, notwithstanding that no resolution is in force under section 16 of this Act with respect to the child, if he has been in the care of that local authority throughout the preceding six months ; and for the purposes of the application of paragraph (b) of that subsection in such a case a parent or guardian of the child shall not be taken to have lawful authority to take him away:
Provided that that subsection shall not by virtue of this subsection apply in relation to an act done—
(a)with the consent of the local authority, or
(b)by a parent or guardian of the child who has given the local authority not less than 28 days’ notice of his intention to do it.
(3B)The Secretary of State may by order, a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament, amend subsection (3A) of this section by substituting a different period for the period of 28 days or of six months mentioned in that subsection (or for the period which by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).”
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C16The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
The following section is substituted for section 16 of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
(1)Subject to the provisions of this Part of this Act, a local authority may resolve—
(a)that there shall vest in them the relevant parental rights and powers with respect to any child who is in their care under section 15 of this Act ; or
(b)that there shall vest in a voluntary organisation which is an incorporated body, or a trust within the meaning of section 2(a) of the Trusts (Scotland) Act 1921, the relevant parental rights and powers with respect to any child who is in the care of that organisation,
if it appears to the local authority—
(i)that the parents of the child are dead and that he has no guardian ; or
(ii)that there exists in respect of a parent or guardian of the child (the said parent or guardian being hereafter in this Part of this Act referred to as the person on whose account the resolution was passed) any of the circumstances specified in subsection (2) of this section ; or
(iii)that a resolution under this subsection is in force in terms of sub-paragraph (ii) above in relation to one parent of the child and that parent is, or is likely to become, a member of the household comprising the child and his other parent , or
(iv)that throughout the three years preceding the passing of the resolution the child has been in the care of a local authority under section 15 of this Act, or in the care of a voluntary organisation or partly the one and partly the other.
(2)The circumstances referred to in sub-paragraph (ii) of subsection (1) of this section are that the person on whose account the resolution was passed—
(a)has abandoned the child ; or
(b)suffers from some permanent disability rendering him incapable of caring for the child or
(c)while not falling within paragraph (b) of this subsection, suffers from a mental disorder (within the meaning of the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1960) which renders him unfit to have the care of the child ; or
(d)is of such habits or mode of life as to be unfit to have the care of the child ; or
(e)has so persistently failed without reasonable cause to discharge the obligations of a parent or guardian as to be unfit to have the care of the child.
(3)In this section “the relevant parental rights and powers” means all the rights and powers in relation to the child (other than the right to consent or refuse to consent to the making of an application under section 14 or 25 of the Children Act 1975 and the right to agree or refuse to agree to the making of an adoption order)—
(a)where the resolution was passed by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (i) of subsection (1) of this section, which the deceased parents would have if they were still living ;
(b)where the resolution was passed by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (ii) of that subsection, of the person on whose account the resolution was passed ;
(c)where the resolution was passed by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (iii) of that subsection, of the parent other than the one on whose account the previous resolution was passed ;
(d)where the resolution was passed by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (iv) of that subsection, of the parents or guardian of the child.
(4)A local authority shall not pass a resolution under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of this section unless—
(a)it is satisfied that the child is not in the care of any local authority under any enactment ; and
(b)it is satisfied that it is necessary in the interests of the welfare of the child for the parental rights and powers to be vested in the voluntary organisation ; and
(c)the child is living in the area of the local authority either in a residential establishment or with foster parents with whom he has been boarded out by the voluntary organisation in whose care he is; and
(d)that organisation has requested the local authority to pass the resolution.
(5)In the case of a resolution passed under subsection (1) of this section by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (ii), (iii) or (iv) thereof, unless the person whose parental rights and powers have under the resolution vested in the local authority or in the voluntary organisation as the case may be, has consented in writing to the passing of the resolution, the local authority, if that person’s whereabouts are known to them, shall forthwith after the passing of the resolution serve on him notice in writing of the passing thereof.
(6)Every notice served by a local authority under subsection (5) of this section shall inform the person on whom the notice is served of his right to object to the resolution and of the effect of any objection made by him.
(7)If, not later than one month after notice is served on a person under subsection (5) of this section, he serves a counter-notice in writing on the local authority objecting to the resolution, the resolution shall, subject to the provisions of subsection (8) of this section, lapse on the expiry of fourteen days from the service of the counter-notice.
(8)Where a counter-notice has been served on a local authority under subsection (7) of this section, the authority may, not later than fourteen days after the receipt by them of the counter-notice, make a summary application in respect thereto to the sheriff having jurisdiction in the area of the authority, and in that event the resolution shall not lapse until the determination of the application; and the sheriff may, on the hearing of the application, order that the resolution shall not lapse by reason of the service of the counter-notice:
Provided that the sheriff shall not so order unless satisfied—
(a)that it is in the interests of the child to do so ; and
(b)that the grounds mentioned in subsection (1) of this section on which the local authority purported to pass the resolution were made out ; and
(c)that at the time of the hearing there continued to be grounds on which a resolution under subsection (1) of this section could be founded.
(9)While a resolution passed under subsection (1) of this section by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (ii), (iii) or (iv) thereof is in force with respect to a child, that part of subsection (3) of section 15 of this Act from the words “and nothing in this section shall authorise” onwards shall not apply in relation to the person who, but for the resolution, would have the relevant parental rights and powers in relation to the child.
(10)Any notice under this section (including a counter-notice) may be served by post, but a notice served by a local authority under subsection (5) of this section shall not be duly served by post unless it is sent by registered post or recorded delivery service.
(11)A resolution under this section shall cease to have effect if—
(a)the child becomes the subj ect of an adoption order within the meaning of Schedule 2 to the Children Act 1975 ; or
(b)an order in respect of the child is made under section 14 or section 25 of the Children Act 1975 ; or
(c)a person is appointed, under section 4(2A) of theGuardianship of Infants Act 1925, to be the guardian of the child; or
(d)it is a resolution under paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of this section and a resolution is passed under subsection (1) of section 16A of this Act in respect of the child.
(12)If the whereabouts of any parent or guardian of a child have remained unknown for twelve months, and throughout that period the child has been in the care of a local authority under section 15 of this Act, or in the care of a voluntary organisation, or partly the one and partly the other, then for the purposes of this section that parent or guardian shall be deemed to have abandoned the child.
(13)The Secretary of State may by order, a draft of which has been approved by each House of Parliament, amend sub-paragraph (iv) of subsection (1) of this section to substitute a different period for the period of three years mentioned in that subparagraph (or for the period which, by a previous order under this subsection, was substituted for that period).”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C17The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
The following section is inserted after section 16 of the M45Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
(1)If it appears to a local authority, having regard to the interests of the welfare of a child living within their area, the parental rights and powers in respect of whom are by virtue of a resolution under section 16(1)(b) of this Act (hereafter in this section referred to as “the earlier resolution”) vested in a voluntary organisation, that it is necessary that the said parental rights and powers should no longer be vested in the organisation, the local authority shall resolve that the said parental rights and powers shall vest in them ; and the said parental rights and powers shall so vest from the date of the resolution under this subsection.
(2)The local authority shall, within seven days of passing a resolution under subsection (1) of this section, by notice in writing inform—
(a)the organisation who but for that resolution and
(b)any person, in so far as that person’s whereabouts are known to them, who, but for that resolution and the earlier resolution,
would have the parental rights and powers in respect of the child, of the passing thereof.
(3)On a summary application being made for the determining of a resolution under subsection (1) of this section by a person who but for that resolution and the earlier resolution would have the parental rights and powers in respect of the child, the sheriff having jurisdiction where the applicant resides may order that—
(a)the resolution under subsection (1) of this section shall continue to have effect; or
(b)the resolution under subsection (1) of this section shall cease to have effect and that the earlier resolution shall again take effect or
(c)the resolution under subsection (1) of this section shall cease to have effect and that the parental rights and powers in respect of the child shall again vest in the applicant or
(d)the resolution under subsection (1) of this section shall continue to have effect, but that either for a fixed period or until the sheriff, or if the order so provides, the local authority, otherwise directs, the local authority shall allow the care of the child to be taken over by, and the child to be under the control of, the applicant.
(4)In hearing an application under subsection (3) of this section the sheriff may consider whether there was any ground for the making of the earlier resolution, and if he is satisfied that there was no ground for the making of that earlier resolution he shall make an order under subsection (3)(c) of this section.
(5)In this section “the parental rights and powers” means all the rights and powers in relation to the child which in accordance with the earlier resolution were vested in the voluntary organisation.
(6)While a resolution under subsection (1) of this section is in force with respect to a child, the child shall be deemed to have been received into and to be in the care of the local authority by virtue of section 15 of this Act, and subsections (2) to (5) of that section shall apply accordingly ; except that where the earlier resolution was passed by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (ii), (iii) or (iv) of subsection (1) of section 16 of this Act, that part of subsection (3) of section 15 of this Act from the words “and nothing in this section shall authorise” onwards shall not apply in relation to the person who but for the earlier resolution and the resolution under subsection (1) of this section, would have the parental rights and powers in relation to the child.
(7)Subsection (11)(a), (b) and (c) of section 16, subsections (3) and (4) to (9) of section 17 and subsections (1), (2), (4) and (4A) of section 18 of this Act shall apply to a resolution under this section as they apply to a resolution under section 16(1)(a) of this Act.
(8)A notice served by a local authority under subsection (2) of this section shall not be duly served by post unless it is sent by registered post or recorded delivery service.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C18The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
In section 17 of the M46Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 (effect of assumption of parental rights) the following subsection is inserted after subsection (9)—
“(10)Where an offence under subsection (8) or (9) of this section has been or is believed to have been committed, a constable, or any person authorised by any court or by any justice of the peace, may take and return the child to the local authority or voluntary organisation in whom are vested the parental rights and powers relating to the child.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C19The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
In section 18 of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 the following subsection is inserted after subsection (4)—
“(4A)A court may entertain an application under—
(a)section 8 of the Children Act 1975 for an adoption order in respect of a child ;
(b)section 14 of the Children Act 1975 for an order declaring a child free for adoption ;
(c)section 25 of the Children Act 1975 for an order vesting the parental rights and duties relating to a child ;
notwithstanding that, by virtue of a resolution under section 16 of this Act, a local authority or a voluntary organisation have parental rights with respect to him.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C20The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
In the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 the following section is inserted after section 18—
(1)In any proceedings under section 16(8), 16A(3) or 18(3) of this Act, the sheriff—
(a)shall consider whether it is necessary to appoint a person for the purpose safeguarding the interests of the child in the proceedings ; and
(b)without prejudice to any existing power to appoint a person to represent the interests of the child, may, if he thinks fit, appoint a person to act for the purpose specified in paragraph (a) above.
(2)The power to make rules under section 32 of the Sheriff Courts (Scotland) Act 1971 shall include power to make rules providing for—
(a)the procedure in relation to the disposal of matters arising under this section;
(b)appointment under subsection (1) of this secion, the functions of a person so appointed and any right of such a person to information relating to the proceedings in question.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C21The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
The following subsection is substituted for subsection (1) section 20 of the M47Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
“(1)Where a child is in the care of a local authority under any enactment, the local authority shall, in reaching any decision relating to the child, give first consideration to the need to safeguard and promote the welfare of the child throughout his childhood ; and shall so far as practicable ascertain the wishes and feelings of the child regarding the decision and give due consideration to them, having regard to his age and understanding.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C22The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
In the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 the following section is inserted after section 20—
(1)Without prejudice to their general duty under section 20(1) of this Act, it shall be the duty of a local authority who have at any time had a child in their care throughout the preceding six months and have not during that period held a review of his case, to review his case as soon as is practicable after the expiration of that period and, if a supervision requirement is in force with respect to him, the local authority shall consider in the course of the review whether to refer his case to their reporter for review of that requirement by a children’s hearing.
(2)The Secretary of State may by regulations—
(a)amend subsection (1) of this section by—
(i)substituting a different period for the period of six months mentioned in that subsection (or for any period which, by previous regulations under this subsection, was substituted for that period) ;
(ii)specifying different periods in respect of the first review under that subsection occurring after a child has been taken into care, and in respect of subsequent such reviews ;
(b)make provision as to the manner in which cases are to be reviewed under this section ;
(c)make provision as to the considerations to which the local authority are to have regard in reviewing cases under this section.”
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C23The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
The following section is inserted after section 25 of the M48Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
(1)Section 17(8) of this Act shall apply in relation to a child who is not in the care of a local authority under section 15 of this Act but who is in the care of a voluntary organisation, as it applies by virtue of subsection (3A) of the said section 15 to a child in the care of a local authority except that, in the case of a child who is not in the care of a local authority, references in subsection (3A) to a local authority shall be construed as references to the voluntary organisation in whose care the child is.
(2)For the purposes of this section, a child is in the care of a voluntary organisation if the voluntary organisation is providing accommodation for the child in a residential establishment or has boarded out the child.”
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C24The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
The following section is inserted after section 36 of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
The Secretary of State and the Lord Advocate may, by regulations—
(a)empower officers or any officer or class of officers appointed under section 36 of this Act, whether or not they are advocates or solicitors, to conduct before a sheriff—
(i)any proceedings which, under this Act are heard by the sheriff in chambers ;
(ii)any application under section 37 or 40 of this Act in relation to a warrant ;
(b)prescribe such requirements as they think fit as to qualifications, training or experience necessary for any officer to be so empowered.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C25The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
In section 37 of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
(a)the following subsection is inserted after subsection (1)—
“(1A)Where a local authority receive information suggesting that a child may be in need of compulsory measures of care, they shall—
(a)cause enquiries to be made into the case unless they are satisfied that such enquiries are unnecessary ; and
(b)if it appears to them that the child may be in need of compulsory measures of care, give to the reporter such information about the child as they may have been able to discover.”;
(b)for subsection (2) there is substituted—
“(2)A constable or any person authorised by any court or by any justice of the peace may take to a place of safety any child—
(a)in respect of whom any of the offences mentioned in Schedule 1 to the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 has been or is believed to have been committed; or
(b)who is a member of the same household as a child in respect of whom such an offence has been or is believed to have been committed ; or
(c)who is, or is likely to become, a member of the same household as a person who has committed or is believed to have committed such an offence ; or
(d)in respect of whom an offence under section 21 (1) of the Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Act 1937 has been or is believed to have been committed ; or
(e)who is likely to be caused unnecessary suffering or serious impairment of health because there is, or is believed to be, in respect of the child a lack of parental care,
and any child so taken to a place of safety or any child who has taken refuge in a place of safety may be detained there until arrangements can be made for him to be brought before a children’s hearing under the following provisions of this Part of this Act ; and, where a child is so detained, the constable or the person authorised as aforesaid or the occupier of the place of safety shall forthwith inform the reporter of the case.”
(c)in subsection (5), after “renewed” there is inserted “by a children’s hearing” ;
(d)the following subsections are inserted after subsection (5)—
“(5A)Where a warrant has been renewed under subsection (5) of this section but it appears to the reporter—
(a)that the children’s hearing will not be able to dispose of the child’s case before the expiry of the period of detention required by the warrant as renewed ; and
(b)that further detention of the child is necessary in the child’s own interest, the reporter may apply to the sheriff for a warrant requiring the child to be detained in a place of safety for such a period not exceeding twenty-one days as may be necessary and the sheriff may issue such a warrant if he is satisfied that such detention is necessary in the child’s own interest.
(5B)On cause shown a warrant authorising detention under subsection (5A) of this section may be renewed by the sheriff on one occasion only, for the period mentioned in that subsection on the application of the reporter.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C26The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
In section 40 of the M49Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968—
(a)for subsection (7) there is substituted—
“(7)Where a children’s hearing before whom a child is brought are unable to dispose of his case and—
(a)have reason to believe that the child may not attend at any hearing of his case, or at any proceedings arising from the case or may fail to comply with a requirement under section 43(4) of this Act; or
(b)are satisfied that detention of the child is necessary in his own interest, they may issue a warrant requiring the child to be detained in a place of safety for such a period not exceeding twenty-one days as may be necessary.”
;
(b)for subsection (8) there is substituted—
“(8)On cause shown a warrant authorising detention under subsection (7) of this section may be renewed by a children’s hearing on one occasion only, for the period mentioned in that subsection, on the application of the reporter.”.
(c)the following subsections are inserted after subsection (8)—
“(8A)Where a warrant has been renewed under subsection (8) of this section but it appears to the reporter—
(a)that the children’s hearing will not be able to dispose of the child’s case before the expiry of the period of detention required by the warrant as renewed ; and
(b)that further detention of the child is necessary in the child’s own interest,
the reporter may apply to the sheriff for a warrant requiring the child to be detained in a place of safety for such a period not exceeding twenty-one days as may be necessary, and the sheriff may issue such a warrant if he is satisfied that such detention is necessary in the child’s own interest.
(8B)On cause shown, a warrant authorising detention under subsection (8A) of this section may be renewed by the sheriff on one occasion only, for the period mentioned in that subsection, on the application of the reporter.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C27The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
(1)In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, “the parental rights and duties” means as respects a particular child (whether legitimate or not), all the rights and duties which by law the mother and father have in relation to a legitimate child and his property; and references to a parental right or duty shall be construed accordingly and shall include a right of access and any other element included in a right or duty.
(2)Subject to section 1(2) of the M50Guardianship Act 1973 [F65(which relates to separation agreements between husband and wife)], a person cannot surrender or transfer to another any parental right or duty he has as respects a child.
(3)Where two or more persons have a parental right or duty jointly, any one of them may exercise or perform it in any manner without the other or others if the other or, as the case may be, one or more of the others have not signified disapproval of its exercise or performance in that manner.
(4)From the death of a person who has a parental right or duty jointly with one other person, or jointly with two or more other persons, that other person has the right or duty exclusively or, as the case may be, those other persons have it jointly.
(5)Where subsection (4) does not apply on the death of a person who has a parental right or duty, that right or duty lapses, but without prejudice to its acquisition by another person at any time under any enactment.
(6)Subsections (4) and (5) apply in relation to the dissolution of a body corporate as they apply in relation to the death of an individual.
(7)Except as otherwise provided by or under any enactment, while the mother of an illegitimate child is living she has the parental rights and duties exclusively.
Textual Amendments
F65Words repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(4), Sch. 4
Marginal Citations
M501973 c. 29(49:10).
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, “legal custody” means, as respects a child, so much of the parental rights and duties as relate to the person of the child (including the place and manner in which his time is spent); but a person shall not by virtue of having legal custody of a child be entitled to effect or arrange for his emigration from the United Kingdom unless he is a parent or guardian of the child.
(1)A person has actual custody of a child if he has actual possession of his person, whether or not that possession is shared with one or more persons.
(2)While a person not having legal custody of a child has actual custody of the child he has the like duties in relation to the child as a custodian would have by virtue of his legal custody.
(3)In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, references to the person with whom a child has his home refer to the person who, disregarding absence of the child at a hospital or boarding school and any other temporary absence, has actual custody of the child.
A child is in the care of a voluntary organisation if—
(a)the organisation has actual custody of him, or
(b)having had actual custody of him, the organisation has transferred that custody to an individual who does not have legal custody of him.
Textual Amendments
F66S. 89 repealed by Interpretation Act 1978 (c. 30, SIF 115:1), Sch. 3 and repealed (1.4.1997) by 1995 c. 36, s. 105(4)(5), Sch. 4 para. 26(8), Sch. 5 (with s. 103(1)); S.I. 1996/3201, art. 3(7)
(1)The following subsections are substituted for subsections (2) and (3) of section 6 of the M51Guardianship Act 1973:—
“(2)A report made in pursuance of subsection (1) above to a magistrates’ court shall be made to the court at a hearing of the application unless it is in writing in which case—
(a)a copy of the report shall be given to each party to the proceedings or to his counsel or solicitor either before or during a hearing of the application; and
(b)if the court thinks fit, the report, or such part of the report as the court requires, shall be read aloud at a hearing of the application.
(3)A magistrates’ court may and, if requested to do so at the hearing by a party to the proceedings or his counsel or solicitor, shall, require the officer by whom the report was made to give evidence of or with respect to the matters referred to in the report and if the officer gives such evidence, any party to the proceedings may give or call evidence with respect to any such matter or any matter referred to in the officer’s evidence.
(3A)A magistrates’ court may take account of—
(a)any statement contained in a report made at a hearing of the application or of which copies have been given to the parties or their representatives in accordance with subsection (2)(a) above; and
(b)any evidence given by the officer under subsection (3) above,
in so far as the statement or evidence is, in the opinion of the court, relevant to the application, notwithstanding any enactment or rule of law to the contrary.”.
(2)The following subsection is added after subsection (5) of the said section 6—
“(6)A single justice may request a report under subsection (1) of this section before the hearing of the application, but in such a case the report shall be made to the court which hears the application, and the foregoing provisions of this section shall apply accordingly.”.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C28The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
Textual Amendments
The following section is inserted after section 3 of the M52 Births and Deaths Registration Act 1953—
(1)Where the place and date of birth of a child who was abandoned are unknown to, and cannot be ascertained by, the person who has charge of the child, that person may apply to the Registrar General for the child’s birth to be registered under this section.
(2)On an application under this section the Registrar General shall enter in a register maintained at the General Register Office—
(a)as the child’s place of birth, if the child was found by the applicant or by any person from whom (directly or indirectly) the applicant took charge of the child, the registration district and sub-district where the child was found, or, in any other case, where the child was abandoned;
(b)as the child’s date of birth, the date which, having regard to such evidence as is produced to him, appears to him to be the most likely date of birth of the child, and
(c)such other particulars as may be prescribed.
(3)The Registrar General shall not register a child’s birth under this section if—
(a)he is satisfied that the child was not born in England or Wales ; or
(b)the child has been adopted in pursuance of a court order made in the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands; or
(c)subject to subsection (5) below, the child’s birth is known to have been previously registered under this Act.
(4)If no entry can be traced in any register of births relating to a person who has attained the age of 18 and has not been adopted as aforesaid, that person may apply to the Registrar General for his birth to be registered under this section.
(5)On the application of—
(a)a person having the charge of a child whose birth had been registered under this Act by virtue of the proviso to section I of this Act (as originally enacted), or
(b)any such child who has attained the age of 18 years,
the Registrar General shall re-register the birth of the child under this section, and shall direct the officer having custody of the register of births in which the entry relating to the child was previously made to enter in the margin of the register a reference to the re-registration of the birth.”
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C29The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
(1)At the end of paragraph (b) of section 10 of the M53 Births and Deaths Registration Act of 1953 (which makes provision for the registration of fathers of illegitimate children) there is added “or
(c)at the request of the mother (which shall be made in writing) on production of—
(i)a certified copy of an order made under section 4 of the Affiliation Proceedings Act 1957 naming that person as the putative father of the child, and
(ii)if the child has attained the age of 16 years, the written consent of the child to the registration of that person as his father.”
(2)After the said section 10 there is inserted the following section—
(1)Where the birth of an illegitimate child has been registered under this Act but no person has been registered as the child’s father, the registrar shall re-register the birth so as to show a person as the father—
(a)at the joint request of the mother and of that person ; or
(b)at the request of the mother on production of—
(i)a declaration in the prescribed form made by the mother stating that that person is the father of the child ; and
(ii)a statutory declaration made by that person acknowledging himself to be the father of the child ; or
(c)at the request of the mother (which shall be made in writing) on production of—
(i)a certified copy of an order made under section 4 of the Affiliation Proceedings Act 1957 naming that person as the putative father of that child, and
(ii)if the child has attained the age of 16 years, the written consent of the child to the registration of that person as his father ;
but no birth shall be re-registered under this section except in the prescribed manner and with the authority of the Registrar General.
(2)On the re-registration of a birth under this section—
(a)the registrar and the mother shall sign the register ;
(b)in the case of a request under paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of this section, the other person making the request shall also sign the register; and
(c)if the re-registration takes place more than three months after the birth, the superintendent registrar shall also sign the register.”
(3)In section 9 of the said Act of 1953 (which enables information required to be given to the registrar to be given to other persons) after subsection (3) there are added the following subsections—
“(4)A request made under section 10 of this Act may be included in a declaration under subsection (1) of this section, and, if the request is made under paragraph (b) or (c) of that section, the documents required by that paragraph to be produced shall be produced to the officer in whose presence the declaration is made and sent by him with the declaration to the registrar.
(5)A request made under section 10A of this Act instead of being made to the registrar may be made by making and signing in the presence of and delivering to a prescribed officer a statement in the prescribed form and producing to the officer any documents required to be produced by that section, and—
(a)the officer shall send the request together with those documents, if any, to the registrar who shall with the authority of the Registrar General re-register the birth as if the request had been made to him; and
(b)the person or persons who sign the statement shall be deemed to have signed the register as required by subsection (2) of that section.”.]
Textual Amendments
F68S. 93(1)(2) repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(4), Sch. 4
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C30The text of ss. 56–59, 72 and 93 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Marginal Citations
This Part does not extend to Scotland.
Textual Amendments
F69Ss. 95–97 repealed (E.W.) by Foster Children Act 1980 (c. 6, SIF 20), Sch. 3 and (S.) by Foster Children (Scotland) Act 1984 (c. 56, SIF 20), Sch. 3
Textual Amendments
F70S. 98 repealed by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), Sch. 6
(1)In Scotland the Secretary of State may cause an inquiry to be held into any matter relating to—
(a)the functions of a local authority under the M54Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 in so far as the matter relates to children;
(b)the functions of a local authority under the enactments specified in [F71paragraph (a) of section 1(4) and] paragraphs (b) to (e) and (h) [F72to k] of section 2(2) of the M55Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968;
(c)the functions of an adoption society;
(d)the functions of a voluntary organisation in so far as those functions relate to establishments to which sections 61 to 68 of the M56Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 apply and in so far as the matter relates to children; or
(e)the detention of a child under—
(i)section 57 or 58A of the M57Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Act 1937; or
(ii)section 206 or 413 of the M58Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975.
(2)The Secretary of State may, before an inquiry is commenced, direct that it shall be held in private, but where no such direction has been given, the person holding the inquiry may if he thinks fit hold it or any part of it in private.
(3)Subsections (2) to (8) of section 210 of the M59Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (powers in relation to local inquiries) shall apply in relation to an inquiry under this section as they apply in relation to a local inquiry under that section.
(4)In this section “functions” includes powers and duties exercisable otherwise than by virtue of any enactment.
Textual Amendments
F71Words repealed (prosp.) by National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990 (c. 19, SIF 113:2), ss. 66, 67(2), Sch. 9 para. 16, Sch. 10
F72 “to (k)” inserted (prosp.) by National Health Service and Community Care Act 1990 (c. 19, SIF 113:2), ss. 66, 67(2), Sch. 9 para. 16
Marginal Citations
M541968 c. 49(81:3).
M551968 c. 49(81:3).
M561968 c. 49(81:3).
M571937 c. 37(20).
M581975 c. 21(39:1).
M591973 c. 65(81:2).
(1)In this Act “authorised court”, as respects an application for an order relating to a child, shall be construed as follows.
(2)If [F73in the case of an application for any order other than an order under Part II of this Act] the child is in England or Wales when the application is made, the following are authorised courts—
(a)the High Court;
(b)the county court within whose district the child is and, in the case of an application under section 14, any county court within whose district a parent or guardian of the child is;
(c)any other county court prescribed by rules made under [F74section 75 of the M60County Courts Act 1984][F75section 9(3) of the 1958 Act or section 40 of the M61Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984];
(d)a magistrates’ court within whose area the child is and, in the case of an application under section 14, a magistrates’ court within whose area a parent or guardian of the child is.
(3)If the child is in Scotland when the application is made, the following are authorised courts—
(a)the Court of Session;
(b)the sheriff court of the sheriffdom within which the child is.
(4)(5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F76
[F77(6)In the case of an order under section 25, paragraph (d) of subsection (2) does not apply.]
[F78(7)In the case of an application for an order under Part II of this Act, the following are authorised courts—
(a)the High Court,
(b)for the purposes of such applications under the said Part II as are prescribed by rules made under section 75 of the M62County Courts Act 1984, any county courts so prescribed in relation to those applications;
(c)for the purposes of such applications under the said Part II as are prescribed by rules made under section 144 of the M63Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980, any magistrates’ court so prescribed in relation to those applications.]
(8)Subsection (2) does not apply in the case of an application under section 30 . . . F79 but for the purposes of such an application the following are authorised courts—
(a)if there is pending in respect of the child an application for an adoption order or an order under section 14 or a custodianship order, the court in which that application is pending;
(b)in any other case, the High Court, the county court within whose district the applicant lives and the magistrates’ court within whose area the applicant lives.
[F80(9)Subsections (3) and (8) do not apply in the case of an application under section 30 in Scotland but for the purposes of such an application the following are authorised courts—
(a)if there is pending in respect of the child an application for—
(i)an adoption order; or
(ii)an order under section 14,
the court in which that application is pending;
(b)in any other case—
(i)the Court of Session;
(ii)the sheriff court of the sheriffdom within which the applicant resides.]
[F81(10)Any court to which the proceedings on an application are transferred under any enactment is, as regards the transferred proceedings, an authorised court if it is not an authorised court under the preceding provisions of this section.]
Textual Amendments
F73Words inserted by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:3), s. 68(1), Sch. 1 para. 20(2)
F74Words substituted by County Courts Act 1984 (c. 28, SIF 34), s. 148(1), Sch. 2 para. 56
F75Words from “section 9(3)” to “Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984” substituted (prosp.) for words from “section 75” to “Act 1984” by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 46(1), 47(1)(c), Sch. 1 para. 19(a)
F76S. 100(4)(5) repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4 and (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F77S. 100(6) repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F78S. 100(7) substituted by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:3), s. 68(1), Sch. 1 para. 20(3)
F79Words repealed by Family Law Act 1986 (c. 55, SIF 49:3), s. 68(1)(2), Sch. 1 para. 20(4), Sch. 2
F80S. 100(9) repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F81S. 100(10) inserted by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), s. 46(1), Sch. 1 para. 19(b)
Marginal Citations
M601984 c. 28(34).
M611984 c. 42(49:3).
M621984 c. 28(34).
[F82(1)Where any application has been made under this Act [F83or the relevant adoption provisions] to a county court, the High Court may, at the instance of any party to the application, order the application to be removed to the High Court and there proceeded with on such terms as to costs as it thinks proper.]
(2)Subject to subsection (3), where on an application to a magistrates’ court under this Act [F84or the relevant adoption provisions] the court makes or refuses to make an order, an appeal shall lie to the High Court.
(3)Where an application is made to a magistrates’ court under this Act [F84or the relevant adoption provisions], and the court considers that the matter is one which would more conveniently be dealt with by the High Court, the magistrates’ court shall refuse to make an order, and in that case no appeal shall lie to the High Court.
[F85(4) Any order made on an appeal under subsection (2) from a decision of a magistrates’ court on an application under Part II (other than an order directing that an application shall be re-heard by a magistrates’ court) shall for the purposes of the enforcement of the order and for the purposes of sections 35, 35A and 36 be treated as if it were an order of the magistrates’ court from which the appeal was brought and not of the High Court.]
[F86(5) In this section “the relevant adoption provisions” means sections 34, 34A and 35(2) of the M64Adoption Act 1958.]
Textual Amendments
F82S. 101(1) repealed (E.W.) by Matrimonial and Family Proceedings Act 1984 (c. 42, SIF 49:3), ss. 46(3), 47, Sch. 3
F83Words inserted (E.W.) by virtue of Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3) Schs. 1, 2 para. 49 and Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 27(a)(i)
F84Words inserted (E.W.) by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 27(a)(ii)
F85S. 101(4) added (E.W.) by Domestic Proceedings and Magistrates' Courts Act 1978 (c. 22, SIF 49:3), s. 71, Sch. 1
F86S. 101(5) added by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 27(b)
Marginal Citations
(1)Any agreement or consent which is required by . . . F87 Part II to be given to the making of any order or application for an order may be given in writing, and, if the document signifying the agreement or consent is—
(a). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F88
(b)in the case of an application made under Part II, witnessed in accordance with rules of court,
it shall be admissible in evidence without further proof of the signature of the person by whom it was executed.
(2)A document signifying such agreement or consent which purports to be witnessed in accordance with rules or, as the case may be, with rules of court shall be presumed to be so witnessed, and to have been executed and witnessed on the date and at the place specified in the document, unless the contrary is proved.
(3)In the application of this section to Scotland—
(a)for “made under Part II” there is substituted “to which Part II applies”;
(b)for “admissible in evidence” there is substituted “sufficient evidence”; and
(c)for “rules of court” there is substituted “act of sederunt”.
Textual Amendments
F87Words repealed (S.) by virtue of Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4 and (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F88S. 102(1)(a) repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4 and (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
(1)The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision for the establishment of [F89one or more panels] of persons from whom—
(a)guardians ad litem and reporting officers may in accordance with rules or rules of court be appointed for the purposes of—
[F90X3(i)section 65 of the M65Adoption Act 1976;]
[F91X3(i)section 58 of the M66Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978.]
(ii)section 32B of the M67Children and Young Persons Act 1969;
[F92(iii)section 7 of the M68Child Care Act 1980]
[F93(iv)section 12F of the M69Child Care Act 1980;]
(b)persons may be appointed for the purposes of section 18A or 34A of the M70Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968.
[F94(2)Regulations under subsection (1) may provide—
(a)for the defrayment by local authorities of expenses incurred by members of a panel established by virtue of that subsection; and
(b)for the payment by local authorities of fees and allowances for members of such a panel.]
(3)In relation to Scotland, the reference in subsection (1) to guardians ad litem shall be construed as a reference to curators ad litem.
Editorial Information
X3S. 103(1)(a)(i) commencing “section 65” substituted (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 3 para. 22 and para. (i) commencing “section 58” substituted (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 3 para. 17
Textual Amendments
F89Words substituted by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 28(a)
F90S. 103(1)(a)(i) substituted (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 3 para. 22
F91S. 103(1)(a)(i) substituted (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49: 11), s. 66, Sch. 3 para. 17
F92S. 103(1)(a)(iii) substituted (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89(2), Sch. 5 para. 37
F93S. 103(1)(a)(iv) added by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 6, Sch. 1, Pt. II, para. 4
F94S. 103(2) substituted by Health and Social Services and Social Security Adjudications Act 1983 (c. 41, SIF 113:3), s. 9, Sch. 2 para. 28(b)
Marginal Citations
M651976 c. 36(49:11).
M661978 c. 28(49:11).
M671969 c. 54(20).
M701968 c. 49(81:3).
Nothing in this Act shall restrict or affect the jurisdiction of the High Court to appoint or remove guardians, or otherwise in respect of children.
The Secretary of State shall, within three years of the first of the dates appointed by order by the Secretary of State under section 108(2) and, thereafter, every five years lay before Parliament a report on the operation of those sections of the Act which are in force at that time [F95(including such sections as have been repealed by and re-enacted in the M71Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978)]; and the Secretary of State shall institute such research as is necessary to provide the information for these reports.
Textual Amendments
F95Words inserted (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66(2), Sch. 3 para. 18
Marginal Citations
M711978 c. 28(49:11).
(1)Where a power to make regulations or orders is exercisable by the Secretary of State by virtue of this Act, regulations or orders made in the exercise of that power shall be made by statutory instrument and may—
(a)make different provision in relation to different cases or classes of case, and
(b)exclude certain cases or classes of case.
(2)A statutory instrument containing regulations made by the Secretary of State under section 103 shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
(3)Any power conferred on the Secretary of State by this Act to make orders includes a power to vary or revoke an order so made.
(1)In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
[F96 “adoption order” means an order under section 8(1);]
[F96 “adoption society” has the same meaning as in the [F971958 Act][F97M72Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978];]
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
“area”, in relation to a magistrates’ court, means the commission area (within the meaning of section 1 of the M73Administration of Justice Act 1973) for which the court is appointed;
“authorised court” shall be construed in accordance with section 100;
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
“child”, except where used to express a relationship, means a person who has not attained the age of 18;
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
“guardian” means—
(a)a person appointed by deed or will in accordance with the provisions of the M74M75Guardianship of Infants Act 1886 and 1925 or the M76Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 or by a court of competent jurisdiction to be the guardian of the child, and
(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F99
“home” shall be construed in accordance with section 87(3);
“local authority” means in relation to England and Wales the council of a county . . . F100 a metropolitan district, a London borough or the Common Council of the City of London;
“notice” means a notice in writing;
“relative” has the same meaning as in the 1958 Act;
“rules” means, in England and Wales, rules made under section 9(3) of the 1958 Act or made by virtue of section 9(4) of the 1958 Act under section 15 of the Justices of the M77Peace Act 1949;
“the 1958 Act” means the M78Adoption Act 1958;
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F98
“voluntary organisation” means a body, other than a public or local authority, the activities of which are not carried on for profit.
(2)In this Act, in relation to Scotland, unless the context otherwise requires—
“actual custody” means care and possession;
“legal custody” means custody;
“local authority” means a regional or islands council; and
“rules” means rules made by act of sederunt.
(2A). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F101
(3)Except so far as the context otherwise requires, any reference in this Act to an enactment shall be construed as a reference to that enactment as amended by or under any other enactment, including this Act.
(4)In this Act, except where otherwise indicated—
(a)a reference to a numbered Part, section or Schedule is a reference to the Part or section of, or the Schedule to, this Act so numbered, and
(b)a reference in a section to a numbered subsection is a reference to the subsection of that section so numbered, and
(c)a reference in a section, subsection or Schedule to a numbered paragraph is a reference to the paragraph of that section, subsection or Schedule so numbered.
Textual Amendments
F96Definitions repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F97Words “Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978” substituted (S.) for words “1958 Act” by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66(2), Sch. 3 para. 19
F98Definitions repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4 and (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F99Para. (b) in the definition of “guardian” repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4 and repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F100Words repealed by Local Government Act 1985 (c. 51, SIF 81:1), s. 102(2), Sch. 17
Marginal Citations
M721978 c. 28(49:11).
M731973 c. 15(82).
M741886 c. 27(49:10).
M751925 c. 45(49:10).
M771949 c. 101(82).
(1)Subject to the following provisions of this section
(a)the enactments specified in Schedule 3 shall have effect subject to the amendments specified in that Schedule (being minor amendments or amendments consequential on the preceding provisions of this Act), and
(b)the enactments specified in Schedule 4 are repealed to the extent shown in column 3 of that Schedule.
(2)This Act, except the provisions specified in subsections (3) and (4), shall come into force on such date as the Secretary of State may by order appoint and different dates may be appointed for, or for different purposes of, different provisions.
(3)Sections 71, 72 and 82, this section, section 109 and paragraph 57 of Schedule 3 shall come into force on the passing of this Act.
(4)The following provisions of this Act shall come into force on 1st January 1976—
(a)sections 3, 8(9) and (10), 13, 59, 83 to 91, 94, 98, 99, 100 and 103 to 107;
(b)Schedules 1 and 2;
(c)in Schedule 3, paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 13(6), 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21(1) (2) and (4), 22 to 25, 27(b), 29, 33, 34(b), 35, 36(b), 38, 39(c) (d) and (e), 40, 43, 48, 49, 51(a), 52(f)(ii) and (g)(ii), 54, 55, 58 to 63, 65 to 70, 75(3), 77, 78, 81 and 83;
(d)Parts I, II and III of Schedule 4.
[F102(5)Until the date appointed under subsection (2) or sections 4 to 7, in this Act and in the 1958 Act “adoption agency” means a local authority or a registered adoption society within the meaning of the 1958 Act.
(6)Until the date so appointed for section 12, section 5(1) of the 1958 Act shall, in relation to an application made after 31st December 1975 for an adoption order, have effect with the addition at the end of paragraph (b) of the following words “or
(c)has seriously ill-treated the child and that (whether because of the ill-treatment or for other reasons) the rehabilitation of the child within the household of that person is unlikely.”]
(7)Until the date so appointed for section 18, section 21A of the M79Children and Young Persons Act 1969 shall have effect as if for references to section 25 there were substituted references to section 53 of the 1958 Act.
(8)An order under subsection (2) may make such transitional provision as appears to the Secretary of State to be necessary or expedient in connection with the provisions thereby brought into force, including such adaptations of those provisions or any provision of this Act then in force or any provision of the 1958 Act as appear to him to be necessary or expedient in consequence of the partial operation of this Act.
Textual Amendments
F102S. 108(5)(6) repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66(3), Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C31The text of ss. 48(3)(4), 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 73–84, 90, 92, 108(1) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
C32Power of appointment conferred by s. 108(2) partly exercised; 1976/1744; 1977/227, 1036; 1978/1433, 1440; 1980/1475; 1981/1792; 1982/33; 1983/86; 107, 1946; 1984/554, 1702; 1985/779, 1557, 1987/1242
Marginal Citations
(1)This Act may be cited as the Children Act 1975.
(2)This Act, except—
(a)section 68;
(b)paragraphs 10, 11 . . . F103 of Schedule 3;
(c)
F103does not extend to Northern Ireland.
(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F104
Textual Amendments
F103Words and para. (c) repealed by British Nationality Act 1981 (c. 61, SIF 87), s. 52(8), Sch. 9
Textual Amendments
F105Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c.36, SIF 49:11). s. 74(2), Sch 4
Textual Amendments
F106Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1071(1)This Part applies for the construction of this Schedule, except where the context otherwise requires.S
(2)“Adoption” means adoption—
(a)by an adoption order as defined in section 107,
(b)by an adoption order made under the 1958 Act or the M80Adoption Act 1950 or any enactment repealed by the Adoption Act 1950
(c)by an order made in Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man or in any of the Channel Islands,
(d)which is an overseas adoption as defined by section 4(3) of the M81Adoption Act 1968, or
(e)which is an adoption recognised by the law of England and Wales, and effected under the law of any other country.
and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly.
(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F108
(4)[F109This definition of adoption includes], where the context admits, [F109an adoption effected] before the passing of this Act, and the date of an adoption effected by an order is the date of the making of the order.
(5)“Existing”, in relation to any enactment or other instrument, means one passed or made before 1st January 1976 (and whether or not before the passing of this Act).
(6)The death of the testator is the date at which a will or codicil is to be regarded as made.]
Textual Amendments
F107Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F108Sch. 1 paras. 1(3), 12, 13, 14(2) repealed by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), Sch. 2
F109Words substituted by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), Sch. 1 para. 7
Marginal Citations
M811968 c. 53(49:11).
[F1102(1)In this Schedule—S
“disposition” includes the conferring of a power of appointment and any other disposition of an interest in or right over property;
“power of appointment” includes any discretionary power to transfer a beneficial interest in property without the furnishing of valuable consideration.
(2)This Schedule applies to an oral disposition of property as if contained in an instrument made when the disposition was made.]
Textual Amendments
F110Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Textual Amendments
F111Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1123(1)An adopted child shall be treated in law—S
(a)where the adopters are a married couple, as if he had been born as a child of the marriage (whether or not he was in fact born after the marriage was solemnized);
(b)in any other case, as if he had been born to the adopter in wedlock (but not as a child of any actual marriage of the adopter).
(2)An adopted child shall be treated in law as if he were not the child of any person other than the adopters or adopter.
(3)It is hereby declared that this paragraph prevents an adotped child from being illegitimate.
(4)This paragraph has effect—
(a)in the case of an adoption before 1st January 1976, from that date, and
(b)in the case of any other adoption, from the date of the adoption.
(5)Subject to the provisions of this Part, this paragraph applies for the construction of enactments or instruments passed or made before the adoption or later, and so applies subject to any contrary indication.
(6)Subject to the provisions of this Part, the paragraph has effect as respects things done, or events occurring, after the adoption, or after 31st December 1975, whichever is the later.]
Textual Amendments
F112Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C33Sch. 1 para. 3 restricted by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), s. 4 and excluded by S.I. 1975/515 reg. 2 (as substituted by S.I. 1985/1327 reg. 2)
C34Sch. 1 para. 3(2) excluded by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), s. 4
[F1134SA relationship existing by virtue of paragraph 3 may be referred to as an adoptive relationship, and—
(a)a male adopter may be referred to as the adoptive father;
(b)a female adopter may be referred to as the adoptive mother;
(c)any other relative of any degree under an adoptive relationship may be referred to as an adoptive relative of that degree,
but this paragraph does not prevent the term “parent”, or any other term not qualified by the word “adoptive”, being treated as including an adoptive relative.]
Textual Amendments
F113Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1145(1)Paragraph 3—S
(a)does not apply to an existing instrument or enactment so far as it contains a disposition of property, and
(b)does not apply to any public general Act in its application to any disposition of property in an existing instrument or enactment.
(2)The repeal by this Act of sections 16 and 17 of the M821958 Act, and of provisions containing references to those sections, does not affect their application in relation to a disposition of property effected by an existing instrument.
(3)For the purposes of this paragraph, and of paragraph 6, provisions of the law of intestate succession applicable to the estate of a deceased person shall be treated as if contained in an instrument executed by him (while of full capacity) immediately before his death.]
Textual Amendments
F114Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Marginal Citations
M821958 c. 5 (7 & 8 Eliz. 2)(49:11).
[F1156(1)Subject to any contrary indication, the rules of construction contained in this paragraph apply to any instrument, other than an existing instrument, so far as it contains a disposition of property.S
(2)In applying paragraph 3(1) to a disposition which depends on the date of birth of a child or children of the adoptive parent of parents, the disposition shall be construed as if—
(a)the adopted child had been born on the date of adoption,
(b)two or more children adopted on the same date had been born on that date in the order of their actual births,
but this does not affect any reference to the age of a child.
(3)Examples of phrases in wills on which sub-paragraph (2) can operate are—
1. Childern of A “living at my death or born afterwards”.
2. Children of A “living at my death or born afterwards before any one of such children for the time being in existence attains a vested interest, and who attain the age of 21 years”.
3. As in example 1 or 2, but referring to grandfather of A, instead of children of A.
4. A for life “until he has a child”, and then to his child or children.
Note. Sub-paragraph (2) will not affect the reference to the age of 21 years in example 2.
(4)Paragraph 3(2) does not prejudice any interest vested in possession in the adopted child before the adoption, or any interest expectant (whether immediately or not) upon an interest so vested.
(5)Where it is necessary to determine for the purposes of a disposition of property effected by an instrument whether a woman can have a child, it shall be presumed that once a woman has attained the age of fifty-five she will not adopt a child after execution of the instrument, and notwithstanding paragraph 3 if she does so the child shall not be treated as her child or as the child of her spouse (if any) for the purposes of the instrument.
(6)In this paragraph “instrument” includes a private Act settling property, but not any other enactment.
(7)Paragraph 3(6) has effect subject to this paragraph.]
Textual Amendments
F115Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1167(1)Paragraph 3 does not apply for the purposes of the table of kindred and affinity in Schedule 1 to the M83Marriage Act 1949 or sections 10 and 11 (incest) of the M84Sexual Offences Act 1956.S
(2)Paragraph 3 does not apply for the purposes of any provision of—
(a)[F117the M85British Nationality Act 1981],
(b)the M86Immigration Act 1971,
(c)any instrument having effect under an enactment within paragraph (a) or (b), or
(d)any other provision of the law for the time being in force which determines [F118British citizenship, British Dependent Territories citizenship [, F119the status of a British National (Overseas)] or British Overseas citizenship.]
(3)Paragraph 3 shall not prevent a person being treated as a near relative of a deceased person for the purposes of section 32 of the M87Social Security Act 1975 (payment of death grant), if apart from paragraph 3 he would be so treated.
(4)Paragraph 3 does not apply for the purposes of section 70(3)(b) or section 73(2) of the M88Social Security Act 1975 (payment of industrial death benefit to or in respect of an illegitimate child of the deceased and the child’s mother).
(5)Subject to regulations made under section 72 of the M89Social Security Act 1975 (entitlement of certain relatives of deceased to industrial death benefit), paragraph 3 shall not affect the entitlement to an industrial death benefit of a person who would, apart from paragraph 3, to treated as a relative of a deceased person for the purposes of the said section 72.]
Textual Amendments
F116Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F117Words substituted by British Nationality Act 1981 (c. 61, SIF 87), s. 52(6), Sch. 7
F118Words substituted by British Nationality Act 1981 (c. 61, SIF 87), s. 52(6), Sch. 7
F119Words inserted by S.I.1986/948 arts. 1(1), 8, Sch.
Marginal Citations
M831949 c. 76(49:1).
M841956 c. 69(39:5).
M851981 c. 61(87).
M861971 c. 77(62).
M871975 c. 14(113:1).
M881975 c. 14(113:1).
M891975 c. 14(113:1).
[F1208SParagraph 3(2) does not affect entitlement to a pension which is payable to or for the benefit of a child and is in payment at the time of his adoption.]
Textual Amendments
F120Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1219SIn the case of a child adopted by one of its natural parents as sole adoptive parent, paragraph 3(2) has no effect as respects entitlement to property depending on relationship to that parent, or as respects anything else depending on that relationship]
Textual Amendments
F121Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F12210SAn adoption does not affect the descent of any peerage or dignity or title of honour.]
Textual Amendments
F122Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F12311SWhere a child is adopted whose natural parent has effected an insurance with a friendly society or a collecting society or an industrial insurance company for the payment on the death of the child of money for funeral expenses, the rights and liabilities under the policy shall by virtue of the adoption be transferred to the adoptive parents who shall for the purposes of the enactments relating to such societies and companies be treated as the person who took out the policy.]
Textual Amendments
F123Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
12, 13.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F124
Textual Amendments
F124Sch. 1 paras. 1(3), 12, 13, 14(2) repealed by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), Sch. 2
Textual Amendments
F125Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F12614(1)Where a disposition depends on the date of birth of a child who was born illegitimate and who—S
(a)is adopted by one of the natural parents as sole adoptive parent,
(b) . . . F127
paragraph 6(2) and paragraph 12(4) do not affect entitlement under Part II of the M90Family Law Reform Act 1969 (illegitimate children).
(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F128
(3)This paragraph applies for example where—
(a)a testator dies in 1976 bequeathing a legacy to his eldest grandchild living at a specified time,
(b)his daughter has an illegitimate child in 1977 who is the first grandchild,
(c)his married son has a child in 1978,
(d)subsequently the illegitimate child is adopted by the mother as sole adoptive parent . . . F129.
and in all those cases the daughter’s child remains the eldest grandchild of the testator throughout.]
Textual Amendments
F126Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F128Sch. 1 paras. 1(3), 12, 13, 14(2) repealed by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), Sch. 2
F129Words repealed by Legitimacy Act 1976 (c. 31, SIF 49:7), Sch. 2
Marginal Citations
[F13015(1)A trustee or personal representative is not under a duty, by virtue of the law relating to trusts or the administration of estates, to enquire, before conveying or distributing any propery, whether—S
(a)any adoption has been effected or revoked,
(b) . . . F131
if that fact could affect entitlement to the property.
(2)A trustee or personal representative shall not be liable to any person by reason of a conveyance or distribution of the property made without regard to any such fact if he has not received notice of the fact before the conveyance or distribution.
(3)This paragraph does not prejudice the right of a person to follow the property, or any property representing it, into the hands of another person, other than a purchaser, who has received it.]
Textual Amendments
F130Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F13216(1)This Schedule shall not affect the devolution of any property limited (expressly or not) to devolve (as nearly as the law permits) along with any peerage or dignity of title of honour.S
(2)This paragraph applies only if and so far as a contrary intention is not expressed in the instrument, and shall have effect subject to the terms of the instrument.]
Textual Amendments
F132Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F13317SIt is hereby declared that references in this Schedule to dispositions of property include references to a disposition by the creation of an entailed interest.]
Textual Amendments
F133Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Textual Amendments
F134Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F13518SThis Schedule does not apply to Scotland.]
Textual Amendments
F135Sch. 1 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Textual Amendments
F136Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 74(2), Sch 4
Textual Amendments
F137Sch. 2 paras. 1–4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F138F1391S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F138Sch. 2 paras. 1-4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F139Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Textual Amendments
F140Sch. 2 paras. 1–4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F141F1422S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F141Sch. 2 paras. 1-4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F142Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Textual Amendments
F143Sch. 2 paras. 1–4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F144F1453S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F144Sch. 2 paras. 1-4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F145Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Textual Amendments
F146Sch. 2 paras. 1–4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F147F1484S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F147Sch. 2 paras. 1-4 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch.
F148Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1495F150(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S
F150(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(3)In section 24 of the said Act of 1964 (provisions supplementary to section 23), after subsection (1) there is inserted the following subsection—
“(1A)Where, in relation to any purpose specified in section 23(1) of this Act, any right is conferred or any obligation is imposed, whether by operation of law or under any deed coming into operation after the commencement of the Children Act 1975, by reference to the relative seniority of the members of a class of persons, then, without prejudice to any entitlement under Part I of the Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Scotland) Act 1968 of an illegitimate child who is adopted by one of his parents,
(a)any member of that class who is an adopted person shall rank as if he had been born on the date of his adoption, and
(b)if two or more members of the class are adopted persons whose dates of adoption are the same, they shall rank as between themselves in accordance with their respective times of birth.”.
F150(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]
Textual Amendments
F149Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
[F1516F152(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .S
(2)Section 1 of the M91Legitimation (Scotland) Act 1968, (requirements and effects of legitimation) is renumbered subsection (1) and at the end there is added the following subsection—
“(2)Subsection (1) above shall apply in relation to an illegitimate person who has been adopted by one of his natural parents as sole adoptive parent, where the adopter thereafter marries the other natural parent, as it applies in relation to any illigitimate person, to the effect of rendering that person the legitimate child of both natural parent; and in this Act “illegitimate”, “ligitimated” and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly.”.
F152(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]
Textual Amendments
F151Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
F152Para. 6(1)(3) repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
Marginal Citations
M911968 c. 22(49:8).
Textual Amendments
F153Sch. 2 para. 7 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F154F1557S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F154Sch. 2 para. 7 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), s. 66, Sch. 2 para. 3, Sch. 4
F155Sch. 2 repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11) s. 74(2), Sch. 4
Section 108.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C35The text of Sch. 3 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
1E+W+SIn section 1(1)(b), for the words “one hundred pounds” there are substituted the words “£400”.
2E+W+SIn section 12(1)(b) for the words “twenty-five pounds” there is substituted “£400”.
3E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F156
Textual Amendments
4—6E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F157
Textual Amendments
F157Sch. 3 paras. 4–6 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 89, Sch. 6
7E+W+SIn section 3(1), after the words “shall be required” there are inserted the words “unless the infant is subject to a custodianship order, when the consent of the custodian and, where the custodian is the husband or wife of a parent of the infant, of that parent shall be required”.
8E+W+SIn Part I of Schedule 1—
(a)after “Mother” there is inserted “Adoptive mother or former adoptive mother” ;
(b)after “Daughter” there is inserted “Adoptive daughter or former adoptive daughter” ;
(c)after “Father” there is inserted “Adoptive father or former adoptive father” ;
(d)after “Son” there is inserted “Adoptive son or former adoptive son”.
9E+W+SIn Schedule 2 in paragraph 2(b) after the words “deceased parent” there are inserted the words “or by the court under section 3 of the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971”.
10U.K.In section 15, after the words “Maintenance Orders (Reciprocal Enforcement) Act 1972” there are inserted the words “or sections 33 to 45 of the Children Act 1975”.
11U.K.In section 16(2)(a), after sub-paragraph (v) there are inserted the following sub-paragraphs—
“(vi)section 4 of the Affiliation Proceedings Act 1957 on an application made under section 45 of the Children Act 1975 ;
(vii)section 34(1)(b) of the Children Act 1975 ;”.
12E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F158
Textual Amendments
13(1)For “living new-born child” in each place where it occurs, except sections 6, 7, 8, 34(3) and 36, there is substituted “still-born child”.E+W+S
(2)In section 1(2) after paragraph (d) there is added—
“(e)in the case of a still-born child found exposed, the person who found the child.”
(3)In section 14(1)(a) after “section 10” there is inserted “or 1OA”.
(4)In section 30 after subsection (1) there is inserted the following subsection—
“(1A)The Registrar General shall cause an index to be made and kept in the General Register Office of the entries in the register kept by him under section 3A of this Act.”
(5)In section 34—
(a)in subsection (2) after paragraph (c) there is added the following paragraph—
“(d)in relation to the re-registration of a birth under section 9(5) of this Act”;
(b)in subsection (3) after “new-born child” there is inserted “or still-born child”.
(6)In section 41—
(a)after the definition of “disposal” there is inserted the following definition— “ “father” , in relation to an adopted child, means the child’s natural father ; ” ;
(b)after the definition of “the Minister” there is inserted the following definition— “ “mother” , in relation to an adopted child, means the child’s natural mother ; ”.
Textual Amendments
F159Sch. 3 para. 14 repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(4), Sch. 4
14SIn section 5(2) there is inserted at the end the following paragraph—
“(e)section 45 of the Children Act 1975 (which enables the custodian of a child to apply for an affiliation order under this Act within three years after the making of the custodianship order).”.
15E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F160
Textual Amendments
F160Sch. 3 para. 15 repealed (E.W.) by Housing (Consequential Provisions) Act 1985 (c. 71, SIF 61), s. 3, Sch. 1 Pt. I
16E+W+SIn section 2, as it applies in England and Wales,—
[F161(a)in subsection (1), after the word “guardian” there is inserted the word “custodian” ;]
[F162(b)in subsection (4A),—
(i)for the words “registered adoption society as is referred to in Part II of the Adoption Act 1958” there are substituted the words “adoption society approved under Part I of the Children Act 1975”, and
(ii)for the words “that Act” there are substituted the words “the Adoption Act 1958”.]
Textual Amendments
F161Sch. 3 para. 16(a) repealed (E.W.) by Foster Children Act 1980 (c. 6, SIF 20), Sch. 3
F162Sch. 3 para. 16(b) repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), Sch. 4
17E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F163
Textual Amendments
F163Sch. 3 para. 17 repealed (31.1.1985) by Foster Children (Scotland) Act 1984 (c. 56, SIF 20), s. 22, Sch. 3 and also expressed to be repealed by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), Sch. 4
18—20.E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F164
Textual Amendments
F164Sch. 3 paras. 18–20 repealed (E.W.) by Foster Children Act 1980 (c. 6, SIF 20), Sch. 3 and (S.) by Foster Children (Scotland) Act 1984 (c. 56, SIF 20), Sch. 3
21—40.E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F165
Textual Amendments
F165Sch. 3 paras. 21–40, 44, 45, and 61–65 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), Sch. 2, para. 3, Sch. 4 and (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), Sch. 4
41E+W+SIn section 109(2) the following paragraph is inserted after paragraph (g)—
“(h)any proceedings under the Guardianship of Minors Acts 1971 and 1973 or the Children Act 1975.”
Textual Amendments
F166Sch. 3 para. 42 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), Sch. 6
42SIn section 49(1), for the words “twenty pounds” there are substituted the words “£100”.]
43E+W+SIn section 4, the following subsection is inserted at the end—
“(7)For the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that a question arising under section 3 of this Act or subsection (1)(a) above of whether a disposition would be void apart from this section is to be determined as if subsection (6) above had been a separate section of this Act.”
44, 45.E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F167
Textual Amendments
F167Sch. 3 paras. 21–40, 44, 45, and 61–65 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), Sch. 2, para. 3, Sch. 4 and (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), Sch. 4
46E+W+SFor section 64(3)(a) there is substituted—
“(a)“the relevant enactments” means—
(i)Parts III and IV of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933,
(ii)the National Health Service Act 1946,
(iii)Part III of the National Assistance Act 1948,
(iv)the Children Act 1948,
(v)the Adoption Act 1958,
(vi)the Children Act 1958,
(vii)section 9 of the Mental Health Act 1959.
(viii)section 10 of the Mental Health Act 1959, so far as it relates to cases mentioned in paragraph (a) of that section,
(ix)section 2(1)(f) of the Matrimonial Proceedings (Magistrates’ Courts) Act 1960,
(x)the Children and Young Persons Act 1963, except Part II and section 56,
(xi)this Act,
(xii)the Adoption Act 1968,
(xiii)section 7(4) of the Family Law Reform Act 1969,
(xiv)the Children and Young Persons Act 1969, except so far as it relates to any voluntary home designated as mentioned in section 39(1) of that Act as a controlled or assisted community home.
(xv)section 43 of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973,
(xvi)the National Health Service Reorganisation Act 1973,
(xvii)the Children Act 1975.”
47E+W+SFor section 65(3)(b) there is substituted—
“(b)“the relevant enactments” means—
(i)Parts III and IV of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933,
(ii)Part III of the National Health Service Act 1946.
(iii)Part III of the National Assistance Act 1948,
(iv)the Children Act 1948,
(v)the Adoption Act 1958,
(vi)section 3 of the Disabled Persons (Employment) Act 1958,
(vii)the Children Act 1958,
(viii)section 9 of the Mental Health Act 1959,
(ix)section 10 of the Mental Health Act 1959, so far as it relates to cases mentioned in paragraph (a) of that section,
(x)section 2(1)(f) of the Matrimonial Proceedings (Magistrates’ Courts) Act 1960,
(xi)the Children and Young Persons Act 1963, except Part II and section 56,
(xii)this Act,
(xiii)the Adoption Act 1968,
(xiv)section 7(4) of the Family Law Reform Act 1969,
(xv)the Children and Young Persons Act 1969,
(xvi)section 43 of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973,
(xvii)the National Health Service Reorganisation Act 1973,
(xviii)the Children Act 1975.”
48E+W+SIn section 2(2) (functions of the social work committee), the following paragraph is inserted after paragraph (g)—
“(h)the Children Act 1975,”.
49E+W+SFor section 5(2) there is substituted—
“(2)The Secretary of State may make regulations in relation to—
(a)the performance of the functions assigned to local authorities by this Act ;
(b)the activities of voluntary organisations in so far as those activities are concerned with the like purposes ;
(c)the performance of the functions referred to social work committees under section 2(2)(b) to (e) and (h) of this Act.
(d)the performance of the functions transferred to local authorities by section 1(4)(a) of this Act.”.
50E+W+SIn section 6(1)(b), after sub-paragraph (ii) there is inserted the following sub-paragraph—
“(iii)a child who has been placed for adoption by an adoption agency (within the meaning of section 1 of the Children Act 1975) ;”.
51E+W+SIn section 10—
(a)in subsection (1), for the words from “with his functions” to the end there is substituted “with—
(a)his functions ;
(b)the functions of local authorities, under this Act or under the enactments specified in paragraph (a) of section 1(4) and paragraphs (b) to (e) and (h) of section 2(2) of this Act, in circumstances where it appears to the Secretary of State that such grants or loans should be made.”;
(b)after subsection (3) there is inserted—
“(3A)In subsection (3) above, “voluntary organisation the sole or primary object of which is to promote social welfare” includes an adoption society approved under Part I of the Children Act 1975.”.
52In section 17—
(a)in subsection (3), for “section 16” there is substituted “section 16(1)(a)” and after “local authority” there is inserted “, in whom are vested in accordance with the resolution the parental rights and powers in respect of a child,” ;
(b)the following subsection is inserted after subsection (3)—
“(3A)A resolution under section 16(1)(b) of this Act shall not prevent the voluntary organisation, in whom are vested in accordance with the resolution the parental rights and powers in respect of a child, from allowing, either for a fixed period or until the voluntary organisation otherwise determine, the care of the child to be taken over by, and the child to be under the control of, a parent, guardian, relative or friend in any case where it appears to the voluntary organisation to be for the benefit of the child.”;
(c)in subsection (4), for “section 16” there is substituted “section 16(1)(a)” ;
(d)in subsection (6), for the words “the said section 16” there is substituted “section 16 of this Act”;
(e)in subsection (7), after the words “local authority”there are inserted the words “or a voluntary organisation” ;
(f)in subsection (8)—
(i)for the words “to whom this section applies” there is substituted “, in respect of whom a resolution under section 16 of this Act is in effect,” ; and
(ii)for the words “fifty pounds” there is substituted “£400” .
(g)in subsection (9)—
(i)for the words “where a local authority have, in accordance with subsection (3) of this section, allowed” there is substituted— “Where—
(a)a local authority have, in accordance with subsection (3) of this section ; or
(b)a voluntary organisation have, in accordance with subsection (3A) of this section,
allowed ”;
(ii)for the words “fifty pounds” there is substituted “£400”.
53In section 18—
(a)in subsection (2), for “section 16” there is substituted “section 16(1)(a)” ;
(b)in subsection (3)—
(i)in paragraph (a), for “paragraph (a)” there is substituted “sub-paragraph (i)” ;
(ii)for paragraph (b) there is substituted
“(b)in the case of a resolution passed by virtue of circumstances specified in sub-paragraph (ii), (iii), or (iv) of subsection (1) of the said section 16, by the person who, but for the resolution, would have the parental rights and powers in relation to the child,”;
(iii)after the words “otherwise direct, the local authority” there are inserted the words “, and any voluntary organisation having parental rights and powers with respect to the child,” ;
(c)in subsection (4), after the words “local authority” there are inserted the words “or voluntary organisation”.
54In section 32(2)—
(a)for paragraphs (b) and (c) there is substituted—
“(b)he is falling into bad associations or is exposed to moral danger ; or
(c)lack of parental care is likely to cause him unnecessary suffering or seriously to impair his health or development; or”;
(b)in paragraph (d), for the words “Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Act 1937” there is substituted “Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975” ;
(c)after paragraph (d) there is inserted—
“(dd)the child is, or is likely to become, a member of the same household as a person who has committed any of the offences mentioned in Schedule I to the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 ; or”.
55In section 35(5)(a) at the end there is inserted “and to such other persons as may be prescribed ;”.
56In section 44(5), after “20”, there is inserted “20A.”.
57In section 49(3) for the words “The sheriff may examine the reporter and” there is substituted— “The reporter, whether or not he is conducting the proceedings before the sheriff, may be examined by the sheriff ; and the sheriff may examine”.
58E+W+SIn section 69—
(a)in subsection (1), at the end there are added the following words— “ ; and a court, if satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the child is within any premises, may grant a search warrant authorising a constable to search those premises for the child.”.
(b)for subsection (5) there is substituted—
“(5)In this and the next following section any reference—
(a)to a child absconding includes a reference to his being unlawfully taken away;
(b)to a child absconding from a place or from the control of a person includes a reference to his absconding while being taken to, or awaiting being taken to, that place or that person as the case may be.”.
59E+W+SIn section 70, at the end there are added the following words— “; and a court, if satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the child is within any premises, may grant a search warrant authorising a constable to search those premises for the child.”.
60E+W+SIn section 7, for the words “one hundred pounds” there is substituted “£400”.
61, 62.E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F168
Textual Amendments
F168Sch. 3 paras. 21–40, 44, 45, and 61–65 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), Sch. 2, para. 3, Sch. 4 and (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), Sch. 4
63E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F169
Textual Amendments
F169Sch. 3 para. 63 repealed by British Nationality Act 1981 (c. 61, SIF 87), Sch. 9 and also expressed to be repealed by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11)
64, 65.E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F170
Textual Amendments
F170Sch. 3 paras. 21–40, 44, 45, and 61–65 repealed (S.) by Adoption (Scotland) Act 1978 (c. 28, SIF 49:11), Sch. 2, para. 3, Sch. 4 and (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), Sch. 4
66S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F171
Textual Amendments
67E+W+SIn section 1(2) the following paragraph is inserted after paragraph (b)—
“(bb)it is probable that the conditions set out in paragraph (a) of this subsection will be satisfied in his case, having regard to the fact that a person who has been convicted of an offence mentioned in Schedule 1 to the Act of 1933 is, or may become, a member of the same household as the child ;”
68E+W+SThe following section is inserted after section 11—
The Secretary of State may make regulations with respect to the exercise by a local authority of their functions in a case where a person has been placed under their supervision by an order made under section 1(3)(b) or 21(2) of this Act.”
69E+W+SIn section 21—
(a)the following subsection is inserted after subsection (2)—
“(2A)A juvenile court shall not make an order under subsection (2) of this section in the case of a person who has not attained the age of 18 and appears to the court to be in need of care or control unless the court is satisfied that, whether through the making of a supervision order or otherwise, he will receive that care or control.”;
(b)in subsection (3) for “the preceding subsection” there is substituted “subsection (2) of this section”.
70E+W+SThe following section is inserted after section 21—
A care order relating to a child shall cease to have effect—
(a)on the adoption of the child ;
(b)if an order under section 14 or section 25 of the Children Act 1975 is made in relation to the child ;
(c)if an order similar to an order under section 25 of the Children Act 1975 is made in Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man or any of the Channel Islands in relation to the child.”
[F17271SIn section 27—
(a)in subsection (3), for the words “their general duty aforesaid” there are substituted the words “their general duty under section 12(1) of the Children Act 1948” ;
(b)the following subsections are substituted for subsection (4)—
“(4)Without prejudice to their general duty under the said section 12, it shall be the duty of a local authority to review the case of each child in their care in accordance with regulations made under the following subsection.
(5)The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision as to—
(a)the manner in which cases are to be reviewed under this section ;
(b)the considerations to which the local authority are to have regard in reviewing cases under this section ; and
(c)the time when a child’s case is first to be reviewed and the frequency of subsequent reviews under this section.”]
Textual Amendments
F172Sch. 3 paras. 71 and 72 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 90(3) Sch. 6
[F17372SIn section 58(1), the following paragraph is inserted after paragraph (b)—
“(bb)premises in which a child is living with a person other than his parent, guardian, relative or custodian, with whom he has been placed by an adoption agency (within the meaning of section I of the Children Act 1975) ,”.]
Textual Amendments
F173Sch. 3 paras. 71 and 72 repealed (E.W.) by Child Care Act 1980 (c. 5, SIF 20), s. 90(3) Sch. 6
73[F174(1)In Schedule 1—E+W+S
(a)after “Appellate Business” there is inserted the following paragraph—
“Proceedings on appeal under section 4A of the Children Act 1948 ;” ;
(b)at the end there is inserted the following paragraph—
“Proceedings on appeal under the Children Act 1975”.]
(2)In schedule 8—
(a)in paragraph 5, after the words “Social Security Act 1966” there are inserted the words “or section 45 of the Children Act 1975” ;
(b)after paragraph 11, there is inserted the following paragraph—
“12An order under section 34(1)(b) of the Children Act 1975 (payments of maintenance in respect of a child to his custodian).”
Textual Amendments
F174Sch. 3 para. 73(1) repealed (E.W.) by Senior Courts Act 1981 (c. 54, SIF 37), Sch. 7
74E+W+SIn Schedule 1—
(a). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F175
(b)the following is inserted at the end—
“Children Act 1975 (c. 72) | |
Part I ... | Maintenance of Adoption Service ; function of local authority as adoption agency ; applications for orders freeing children for adoption ; inquiries carried out by local authorities in adoption cases. |
Part II ... | Application by local authority for revocation of custodianship order ; inquiries carried out by local authority in custodianship cases.”. |
Textual Amendments
F175Sch. 3 para. 74(a) repealed (E.W.) by Adoption Act 1976 (c. 36, SIF 49:11), s. 73(3), Sch. 4)
75[F176(1)In section 9—E+W+S
(a)in subsection (2) for “any person (whether or not one of the parents)” there is substituted “one of the parents” and the words “or either of the parents” are repealed
(b)in subsection (3), the proviso is repealed ;
(c)in subsection (4), the words from “or (before or after the death of either parent)” to the end are repealed ;
(d)the following subsections are inserted after subsection (4)—
“(5)An order shall not be made under subsection (1) of this section giving custody to a person other than the mother or father.
(6)An order shall not be made under subsection (1) of this section at any time when the minor is free for adoption (within the meaning of section 12(6) of the Children Act 1975)”.]
(2)In section 13(2), after the words “order for the payment of money” there are inserted the words “made by a magistrates’ court”.
(3)In section 16—
(a)in subsection (1) for “the High Court shall” there is substituted “the High Court may” ;
(b)in subsection (4) for “the magistrates’ court may” there is substituted “the magistrates’ court shall” ;
(c)in subsection (5), for the words from “section 9” to “so given” there are substituted the words “section 3(3) or 4(3A) of the Guardianship Act 1973 for the discharge or variation of a supervision order or, as the case may be, an order giving the care of a minor to a local authority or an order requiring payments to be made to an authority to whom care of a minor is so given”.
Textual Amendments
F176Sch. 3 para. 75(1) repealed (E.W.) by Family Law Reform Act 1987 (c. 42, SIF 49:7), s. 33(4), Sch. 4
76E+W+SIn Schedule 1—
(a)in paragraph 6, after the words “Social Security Act 1966” there are inserted the words “or section 45 of the Children Act 1975” ;
(b)after paragraph 11, there is inserted the following paragraph—
“12An order under section 34(1)(b) of the Children Act 1975 (payments of maintenance in respect of a child to his custodian).”
77E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F177
Textual Amendments
F177Sch. 3 para. 77 repealed by Parliamentary and other Pensions Act 1987 (c. 45, SIF 89), s. 6, Sch. 3 para. 1(4), Sch. 4
78E+W+SIn section 44(1), for the words “custody of any person” there are substituted the words “care of any person”.
79E+W+SIn section 50(1), at the end of paragraph (e) there are inserted the following words— “or
(b)proceedings to which section 100(7)(d) of the Children Act 1975 applies (certain applications for revocation and variation of custodianship etc. orders) ;”.
80(1)In section 4(3) for the words from “the following provisions” to the end there are substituted the following words “sections 12(2) and 13 of the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 shall apply as if the order made under section 2 of this Act were an order under section 9 of the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971.”E+W+S
(2)After section 4(3) there is inserted the following subsection—
“(3A)An order under section 2(2)(b) or (3) above relating to a minor may be varied or discharged by a subsequent order made on the application of either parent or after the death of either parent on the application of any guardian under the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 or on the application of the local authority to whose care the minor was committed by the order under section 2(2)(b).”
81E+W+SIn section 6(1), for “section 9 of the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 or section” there is substituted “section 5 or 9 of the Guardianship of Minors Act 1971 or section 1(3) or”.
82E+W+S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F178
Textual Amendments
F178Sch. 3 para. 82 repealed by Legal Aid Act 1988 (c. 34, SIF 77:1), s. 45, Sch. 6
83S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F179
Textual Amendments
Section 108.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C36The text of Sch. 4 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
16 & 17 Geo. 5. c. 29 | Adoption of Children Act 1926. | The whole Act so far as unrepealed |
3 & 4 Geo. 6. c. 42. | Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Scotland) Act 1940. | Section 2(1) and (3). |
11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 43. | Children Act 1948. | In section 59(1), in the definition of “parent”, paragraph (a). |
11 & 12 Geo. 6. c. 53. | Nurseries and Child-Minders Regulation Act 1948. | In section 13(2), in the definition of “relative” (as inserted by section 13 of the Adoption of Children Act 1949), paragraph (a). |
12 & 13 Geo. 6. c. 76. | Marriage Act 1949. | In section 68(3), the words from “includes” to “but”. |
12, 13 & 14 Geo. 6. c. 98. | Adoption of Children Act 1949. | Section 13(1)(a). |
14 & 15 Geo. 6. c. 11. | Administration of Justice(Pensions) Act 1950. | Section 26(2). |
1 & 2 Eliz. 2. c. 20. | Births and Deaths Registration Act 1953. | In section 41, in the definition of “relative” the words from “and in relation to” to the end. |
3 & 4 Eliz. 2. c. 18. | Army Act 1955. | In section 150(5), in the paragraph relating to a child of a person, the words “or adopted” and the words from “and in this paragraph” to the end of the paragraph. |
3 & 4 Eliz. 2. c. 19. | Air Force Act 1955. | In section 15(5), in the paragraph relating to a child of a person, the words “or adopted” and the words from “and in this paragraph” to the end of the paragraph. |
4 & 5 Eliz. 2. c. 69. | Sexual Offences Act 1956. | In section 28(4), in paragraph (a) the words from “has been adopted” to “a girl who” and the words “(and has not been so adopted)”. |
4 & 5 Eliz. 2. c. 70. | Marriage (Scotland) Act 1956. | In section 1(5), paragraph (a) and the words “or adoptive parent” in paragraph (b). |
6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 65. | Children Act 1958. | In section 17, the definition of “parent”. |
6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 40. | Matrimonial Proceedings (Children) Act 1958. | In section 7(1)(b), the words “or an adopted”. |
Section 7(3). | ||
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | Sections 13 and 14. |
Section 15(1), (2) and (3). | ||
Sections 16 and 17. | ||
Section 18(1). | ||
Section 25. | ||
In section 52(1) the words “(whether in law or in fact)”. | ||
In section 57(1), in the definition of “relative” paragraph (a). | ||
Section 58(2) and (3). | ||
In Schedule 5, paragraphs 1 to 4. | ||
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 65. | Fatal Accidents Act 1959. | In section 1, subsection (2)(a) and subsection (3). |
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 72. | Mental Health Act 1959. | In section 49, in subsection (2) the words from “an adopted person” to “as aforesaid”, and subsection (5). |
8 & 9 Eliz. 2. c. 48. | Matrimonial Proceedings (Magistrates Courts) Act 1960. | In section 16(1), the words “or adopted” and “but does not include a child adopted by some other person or persons”, and the words from “and ’adopted’” to the end. |
8 & 9 Eliz. 2. c. 59. | Adoption Act 1960. | Section 1(2). |
8 & 9 Eliz. 2. c. 61. | Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1960. | In section 45, in subsection (2) the words from “adopted person” to “person; and”; and subsection (5). |
1964 c. 57. | Adoption Act 1964. | Section 1(1), (2) and (4). |
1965 c. 49. | Registration of Births, Deaths and Marriages (Scotland) Act 1965. | In section 56(1), in the definition of “relative” the words from “and in relation to” to the end. |
1965 c. 53. | Family Allowances Act 1965. | Section 17(4). |
1967 c. 29. | Housing Subsidies Act 1967. | In section 24(3)(c), the word “adopted”. |
1967 c. 81. | Companies Act 1967. | In section 30(2), the words “and adopted son” and “and adopted daughter”. |
In section 31(5), the words “and adopted son” and “and adopted daughter”. | ||
1967 c. 88. | Leasehold Reform Act 1967. | In section 7(7), the words “and any adopted son or daughter”. |
In section 18(3), the words “and any adopted son or daughter”. | ||
1968 c. 49. | Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968. | In section 94(1), in the definition of “parent”, paragraph (a). |
1968 c. 53. | Adoption Act 1968. | Section 4(1) and (2). |
Section 10(2) and (3). | ||
1968 c. 71. | Race Relations Act 1968. | In section 7(4) the words “and any adopted son or daughter”. |
1971 c. 56. | Pensions (Increase) Act 1971. | In section 3(7), the words from “and includes” to the end. |
1973 c. 16. | Education Act 1973. | In section 3(5), the words from “and a child” to the end. |
1973 c. 18. | Matrimonial Causes Act 1973. | In section 52(1), the definition of “adopted” and, in the definition of “child”, the words “or adopted”. |
1973 c. 45. | Domicile and Matrimonial Proceedings Act 1973. | In section 4(5), the words from “and in its application” to the end. |
1975 c. 14. | Social Security Act 1975. | In section 32(3)(c), the words “the same relationship by adoption and to include also”. |
In section 71(6), the words “and a parent by adoption”. | ||
In section 161(2), the words “a son or daughter by adoption and”. | ||
In Schedule 20, in the definition of “relative” the words “or adoption”. | ||
1975 c. 61. | Child Benefit Act 1975. | Section 24(3)(c). |
The repeals of sections 16 and 17 of the 1958 Act, and of provisions containing references to those sections, have effect subject to paragraph 5(2) of Schedule 1, and the other repeals in this Part have effect as respect things done, or events occurring, after 31st December 1975.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
16 & 17 Geo. 5 c. 60. | Legitimacy Act 1926. Section 1(3). | Sections 3 to 5. |
In section 8(2), the words from “and to the taking” to “of a legitimated person”. | ||
In section 11, the definitions of “disposition”, “intestate” and “entailed interest”. | ||
1969 c. 46. | Family Law Reform Act 1969. | Section 14(8). |
Section 15(4) and (6). |
These repeals have effect subject to paragraph 12(9) of Schedule 1.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
23 & 24 Geo. 5 c. 12. | Children and Young Persons Act 1933. | In section 1, in subsection (1)(a), the words “not exceeding one hundred pounds”, and in subsection (5), the words from “the maximum” to “pounds, and”. |
1937 c. 37. | Children and Young Persons (Scotland) Act 1937 | In section 12, in subsection (1)(a), the words “not exceeding one hundred pounds”, and in subsection (5)(a) the words from “the maximum” to “pounds, and”. |
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | In section 4(2), the words from “(either” to “brought up)”. |
Section 7(1)(b) and (2). | ||
Section 21(3). | ||
In section 20(4), the words from “pursuant to” to “in force”. | ||
Section 49. | ||
In section 57(1) the definition of “infant”. | ||
Schedules I and 2. | ||
1963 c. 37. | Children and Young Persons Act 1963. | Section 54. |
1965 c. 49. | Registration of Births, Deaths and Marriages (Scotland) Act 1965. | Section 54(1)(d). |
1968 c. 22. | Legitimation (Scotland) Act 1968. | In section 6(3), the words “or to subsection (1) of that section”. |
1968 c. 53. | Adoption Act 1968. | Sections 1 to 3. |
In section 9(5), the words “or adoption”. | ||
In section 11(1), the definitions of “qualified infant”, “qualified person” and “qualified spouses”. | ||
In section 12(1), the words “or under Part I of the Act of 1958 in its application to adoption orders and proposed adoption orders”, the words “or the said Part I” in both places where they occur and the words from “and the rules” to the end. | ||
In section 14(3), the words from “except the” to “1958 and”. | ||
1969 c. 54. | Children and Young Persons Act 1969. | Section 27(2). |
1973 c. 29. | Guardianship Act 1973. | Section 3(5). |
These repeals take effect on 1st January 1976.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | Sections 1 and 2. |
Sections 4 and 5. | ||
Section 7(1)(a) and (c) and (3). | ||
Section 9(1) and (5). | ||
Section 10. | ||
Section 1 1 (1) and (3). | ||
Section 12. | ||
Section 21(2). | ||
1966 c. 19. | Law Reform (Miscellaneous Provisions) (Scotland) Act 1966. | Section 4. |
1971 c. 3. | Guardianship of Minors Act 1971. | Section 16(2). |
These repeals take effect on the date section 8(1) comes into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
10 & 11 Geo. 6. c. 43. | Children Act 1948. | Section 3(1) and (2). |
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | Section 15(4) and (5). |
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 72. | Mental Health Act 1959. | In Schedule 7, the entry relating to the Children Act 1948. |
1963 c. 37. | Children and Young Persons Act 1963. | Section 48. |
1968 c. 49. | Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968. | Section 17(1) and (2). |
In section 18(4) the words “but where on such an application the court appoints a guardian the resolution shall cease to have effect”. | ||
1971 c. 3. | Guardianship of Minors Act 1971. | In section 5(2) the words from “but where” to the end. |
These repeals take effect on the date sections 57 and 74 come into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
1953 c. 20. | Births and Deaths Registration Act 1953. | In section 3, the words “and of any person in whose charge the child may be placed” and the proviso. |
In section 6, the words “or finding” and in that section and in section 7 the words “or from the date when any living new-born child is found exposed”. | ||
In section 8, the words “or, in the case of a living newborn child found exposed, from the date of the finding”. | ||
In section 36(a), the words “or any living new born child”. | ||
1969 c. 46. | Family Law Reform Act 1969. | Section 27(2), (3), (4) and (5). |
These repeals take effect on the date section 92 comes into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | Section 28(2). |
Sections 30 and 31. | ||
In section 32(3) the words from “children” to the end. | ||
In section 57(1) the definitions of “charitable association” and “registered adoption society”. | ||
Schedule 3. | ||
1970 c. 42. | Local Authority Social Services Act 1970. | In column 2 of Schedule 1, the words “Making etc. arrangements for the adoption of children; regulation of adoption societies.”. |
These repeals take effect on the date section 4 comes into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | Section 6. |
Section 9(7) and (8). | ||
Section 11(4) and (5). |
These repeals take effect on the date section 20 comes into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | Section 3. |
Section 8. | ||
Section 53. | ||
In section 57(1), the definition of “Compulsory School age”. |
These repeals take effect on the date section 18 comes into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
10 & 11 Geo. 6 c. 43. | Children Act 1948. | Section 45(2). |
Section 46. | ||
1969 c. 54. | Children and Young Persons Act 1969. | Section 65(2). |
These repeals take effect on the date paragraphs 46 and 47 of Schedule 3 come into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
7 & 8 Eliz. 2. c. 5. | Adoption Act 1958. | In section 37(1), paragraph (a), the words “of the person first mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection or, as the case may be,” and the words “but is not a foster child within the meaning of Part I of the Children Act 1958”. |
Section 37(2) and (5). | ||
Section 40(1), (2) and (3). | ||
Sections 41 and 42. | ||
In section 43(1), the words from “or in contravention” to “of this Act”. |
These repeals take effect on the date paragraph 31 of Schedule 3 comes into force.
Chapter | Short Title | Extent of Repeal |
---|---|---|
1973 c. 29. | Guardianship Act 1973. | In section 2, in subsection (2)(b), the words “or to any other individual” and in subsection (4)(a) the words “or to any person given the custody of the minor”. |
In section 3(3), the words from “or (before” to “section 9(1) of that Act” and the words from “and section 16(5)” to the end. |
These repeals take effect on the date section 33 comes into force.
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