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This is the original version (as it was originally adopted).
THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 100 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(1),
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee(2),
Whereas the technical requirements which motor vehicles must satisfy pursuant to national laws relate inter alia to the defrosting and demisting systems of glazed surfaces of motor vehicles;
Whereas these requirements differ from one Member State to another; whereas it is therefore necessary that all Member States adopt the same requirements either in addition to or in place of their existing rules in order, in particular, to allow the EEC type-approval procedure, which was the subject of Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers(3), as amended by Directive 78/315/EEC(4), to be introduced in respect of each type of vehicle;
Whereas it is advisable to draft the technical requirements so that they have the same aim as the work being carried out on the subject in the UN Economic Commission for Europe;
Whereas these requirements apply to motor vehicles in category M1 (the international classification of motor vehicles is given in Annex I to Directive 70/156/EEC);
Whereas the approximation of national laws relating to motor vehicles entails reciprocal recognition by Member States of the checks carried out by each of them on the basis of the common requirements,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
For the purposes of this Directive, ‘vehicle’ means any motor vehicle in category M1 (as defined in Annex I to Directive 70/156/EEC) intended for use on the road, having at least four wheels and a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h.
No Member State may refuse to grant EEC type-approval or national type-approval of a vehicle on grounds relating to the defrosting and demisting systems of its glazed surfaces if they satisfy the requirements set out in Annexes I, II, III, IV and V.
No Member State may refuse or prohibit the sale, registration, entry into service or use of any vehicle on grounds relating to the defrosting and demisting systems of its glazed surfaces if they satisfy the requirements laid down in Annexes I, II, III, IV and V.
The Member State which has granted type-approval shall take the measures required to ensure that it is informed of any modification of a part or characteristic referred to in 2.2 of Annex I. The competent authorities of that State shall determine whether it is necessary to carry out further tests on the modified vehicle type and to prepare a new report. If these tests show that the requirements of this Directive have not been complied with, the modification shall not be authorized.
Any amendments necessary to adapt the requirements of Annexes I, II, III, IV, V and VI to technical progress shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 13 of Directive 70/156/EEC.
However, this procedure shall not apply to amendments introducing requirements for defrosting and demisting systems of glazed surfaces other than those of windscreens.
1.Member States shall bring into force the provisions necessary in order to comply with this Directive within 18 months of its notification and shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
2Member States shall ensure that the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive are communicated to the Commission.
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
Done at Brussels, 21 December 1977.
For the Council
The President
J. Chabert
a The technical requirements of this Annex are similar to those of the relevant UN Economic Commission for Europe draft regulation; the subdivisions have thus been observed. Where a section of the draft regulation has no counterpart in the Annexes to this Directive, the number is given in brackets for the record. | |
Annex I: | Scope, definitions, application for EEC type-approval, EEC type-approval, specific requirements, test procedurea |
Annex II: | Procedure for determining the H point and the actual seat-back angle and for verifying the relative positions of the R and H points and the relationship between the design seat-back angle and the actual seat-back anglea |
Annex III: | Method for determining the dimensional relationship between the vehicle's primary reference marks and the three-dimensional reference grida |
Annex IV: | Procedure for determining vision areas on windscreens of vehicles in category M1 vehicles in relation to the V pointsa |
Annex V: | Steam generatora |
Annex VI: | Annex to the EEC vehicle type-approval certificate with regard to the windscreen defrosting and demisting systems |
(2.1.)
‘Vehicle type with regard to the windscreen defrosting and demisting systems’ means vehicles which do not differ in such essential respects as:
the external and internal forms and arrangements within the area specified in Section 1 which may affect visibility;
the shape, size and characteristics of the windscreen and its mounting;
the characteristics of the defrosting and demisting systems;
the number of seats.
‘Three-dimensional reference grid’ means a reference system which consists of a vertical longitudinal plane X-Z, a horizontal plane X-Y and a vertical transverse plane Y-Z (see figure 2 of Annex III).The grid is used to determine the dimensional relationships between the position of design points on drawings and their position on the actual vehicle. The procedure for situating the vehicle relative to the grid is specified in Annex III; all coordinates referred to ground zero shall be based on a vehicle in running order (as defined in 2.6 of Annex I to Directive 70/156/EEC plus one front-seat passenger, the mass of the passenger being 75 kg ± 1%.
‘Primary reference marks’ means holes, surfaces, marks and identification signs on the vehicle body. The type of reference mark used and the position of each mark relative to the X, Y and Z coordinates of the three-dimensional reference grid and to a design ground plane shall be specified by the vehicle manufacturer. These marks may be the control points used for body-assembly purposes.
(See Annex II).
(See Annex II).
(See Annex II).
‘V points’ means points whose position in the passenger compartment is determined by vertical longitudinal planes passing through the centres of the outermost designated seating positions on the front seat and in relation to the R point and the design angle of the seat back, which points are used for verifying compliance with the field-of-view requirements (see Annex IV).
(See Annex II).
(See Annex II).
‘Windscreen datum points’ means points situated at the intersection with the windscreen of lines radiating forward from the V points to the outer surface of the windscreen.
‘Transparent area of a windscreen’ means that area of a vehicle windscreen or other glazed surface whose light transmittance, measured at right angles to the surface, is not less than 70%.
‘Horizontal seat-adjustment range’ means the range of normal driving positions designated by the vehicle manufacturer for the adjustment of the driver's seat in the direction of the X axis (see 2.3).
‘Extended seat-adjustment range’ means the range designated by the vehicle manufacturer for the adjustment of the seat in the direction of the X axis (see 2.3) beyond the range of normal driving positions specified in 2.13 and used for converting seats into beds or facilitating entry into the vehicle.
‘Defrosting system’ means the system intended to melt frost or ice on the surface of the windscreen and thus restore visibility.
‘Defrosting’ means the elimination of frost or ice covering the glazed surfaces by the operation of defrosting or windscreen-wiper systems.
‘Defrosted area’ means the area of the glazed surfaces having a dry surface or covered with melted or partially melted (wet) frost which can be removed from the outside face by the windscreen wipers. It excludes the area of the windscreen covered with dry frost.
‘Demisting system’ means the system intended to remove a film of condensate on the inside surface of the windscreen and thus restore visibility.
‘Mist’ means a film of condensate on the inside face of the glazed surfaces.
‘Demisting’ means the elimination of the mist covering the glazed surfaces by the operation of the demisting system.
a description of the vehicle referring to the criteria mentioned in 2.2, together with dimensional drawings and either a photograph or an exploded view of the passenger compartment. The numbers and/or symbols identifying the vehicle type shall be specified;
particulars of the primary reference marks in sufficient detail to enable them to be readily identified and the position of each in relation to the others and to the R point to be verified;
a technical description of the defrosting and demisting systems, together with relevant data in sufficient detail.
(4.1.)
(4.2.)
(4.4.)
(4.5.)
(4.6.)
(4.7.)
20 minutes after the start of the test period, the area defined in 2.2 of Annex IV (area A) must be 80% defrosted;
25 minutes after the start of the test period, the defrosted area of the windscreen on the passenger side shall be comparable to that specified in 5.1.4.1 for the driver's side;
40 minutes after the start of the test period, the area defined in 2.3 of Annex IV (area B) shall be 95% defrosted.
(5.1.5.)
the area defined in 2.2 of Annex IV (area A) must be 90% demisted in 10 minutes;
the area defined in 2.3 of Annex IV (area B) shall be 80% demisted in 10 minutes.
(5.2.4.)
at a speed not exceeding 50% of the speed corresponding to its maximum power output; moreover,
the battery must be fully charged;
the voltage at the terminals of the defrosting device may be not more than 20% above the nominal rating of the system;
the temperature in the test chamber shall be measured at the level of the centre of the windscreen, at a point not significantly affected by heat from the vehicle under test;
the horizontal component of the speed of the air cooling the chamber, measured immediately prior to the test, in the median plane of the vehicle at a point 300 mm forward of the base of the windscreen and at a level half-way between the base and the top of the windscreen, must be as low as possible and in any event less than 8 km/h;
the engine bonnet, the doors and the vents, except the intakes and outlets of the heating and ventilating system, must be closed; one or two windows may be opened for a total vertical distance of 25 mm if the vehicle manufacturer so requests;
the defrosting system temperature control shall be set to the ‘maximum’ position;
the windscreen wipers may be used during the test if they can operate without manual assistance;
the defrosting system prescribed by the manufacturer shall be brought into operation, with the vehicle in the condition specified by the manufacturer for satisfactory operation at low temperature.
at a speed not exceeding 50% of the speed corresponding to its maximum power output; moreover,
the vehicle demister controls must be set as recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the test temperature;
the battery must be fully charged;
the voltage at the terminals of the demisting device may be not more than 20% above the nominal rating of the system.
(7.)
(8.)
(9.)
(10.)
(11.)
(12.)
Annex III to Council Directive 77/649/EEC of 27 September 1977 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the field of vision of motor vehicle drivers(5) shall be applicable.
To verify specific dimensions on or within a vehicle submitted for type-approval in accordance with this Directive, the relationship between the coordinates of the three-dimensional reference grid defined in 2.3 of Annex I, which have been laid out at the initial vehicle-design stage, and the positions of the primary reference marks defined in 2.4 of Annex I, must be established accurately so that specific points on the vehicle manufacturer's drawings can be located on an actual vehicle produced from those drawings.
For this purpose, a ground reference plane shall be constructed, which is marked with the X-X measurement and the Y-Y measurement. The method of achieving this is set out in figure 3 of this Annex, the reference plane being a hard, flat, level surface on which the vehicle stands, and which has two measuring scales firmly fixed to its surface; these shall be graduated in millimetres, the X-X scale being not less than 8 m long, and the Y-Y scale not less than 4 m long. The two scales must be set at right angles to each other as shown in figure 3 of this Annex. The intersection of the scales is ground zero.
In order to provide for minor variations in the level of the reference plane or test area, it is necessary to measure the deviations from ground zero along both the X and Y scales at intervals of 250 mm and to record the readings obtained so that corrections can be made when checking the vehicle.
In order to provide for minor changes in suspension height, etc., it is necessary to have available a means of bringing the primary reference marks to the correct coordinate positions relative to the design attitude before further measurements are taken. In addition, it must be possible to make minor lateral and/or longitudinal adjustments to the vehicle's position so as to place it correctly in relation to the reference grid.
The vehicle having been correctly placed relative to the reference grid and in its design attitude, the site of the necessary points for studying the forward visibility requirements can be readily determined. Test methods to determine these requirements may include the use of theodolites, light sources or shadow devices, or any other method which can be shown to give equivalent results.
V point | X | Y | Z |
---|---|---|---|
v1 | 68 mm | — 5 mm | 665 mm |
v2 | 68 mm | — 5 mm | 589 mm |
Seat-back angle (ino) | Horizontal coordinates ΔX | Vertical coordinates ΔZ | Seat-back angle (ino) | Horizontal coordinates ΔX | Vertical coordinates ΔZ |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | — 186 mm | 28 mm | 23 | — 18 mm | 5 mm |
6 | — 177 mm | 27 mm | 24 | — 9 mm | 3 mm |
7 | — 167 mm | 27 mm | 25 | 0 mm | 0 mm |
8 | — 157 mm | 27 mm | 26 | 9 mm | — 3 mm |
9 | — 147 mm | 26 mm | 27 | 17 mm | — 5 mm |
10 | — 137 mm | 25 mm | 28 | 26 mm | — 8 mm |
11 | — 128 mm | 24 mm | 29 | 34 mm | — 11 mm |
12 | — 118 mm | 23 mm | 30 | 43 mm | — 14 mm |
13 | — 109 mm | 22 mm | 31 | 51 mm | — 18 mm |
14 | — 99 mm | 21 mm | 32 | 59 mm | — 21 mm |
15 | — 90 mm | 20 mm | 33 | 67 mm | — 24 mm |
16 | — 81 mm | 18 mm | 34 | 76 mm | — 28 mm |
17 | — 72 mm | 17 mm | 35 | 84 mm | — 32 mm |
18 | — 62 mm | 15 mm | 36 | 92 mm | — 35 mm |
19 | — 53 mm | 13 mm | 37 | 100 mm | — 39 mm |
20 | — 44 mm | 11 mm | 38 | 108 mm | — 43 mm |
21 | — 35 mm | 9 mm | 39 | 115 mm | — 48 mm |
22 | — 26 mm | 7 mm | 40 | 123 mm | — 52 mm |
a vertical plane passing through V1 and V2 and at an angle of 13o to the left of the X axis,
a plane parallel to the Y axis, passing through V1 and at an upward angle of 3o from the X axis,
a plane parallel to the Y axis, passing through V2 and at a downward angle of 1o from the X axis,
a vertical plane passing through V1 and V2 and at an angle of 20o to the right of the X axis.
a plane parallel to the Y axis, passing through V1 and at an upward angle of 7o from the X axis,
a plane parallel to the Y axis, passing through V2 and at a downward angle of 5o from the X axis,
a vertical plane passing through V1 and V2 and at an angle of 17o to the left of the X axis,
a plane symmetrical to the former plane in relation to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle.
The steam generator used for the test must have the following characteristics:
the water container must have a capacity of at least 2·25 litres;
the heat loss at boiling point must not exceed 75 W in an ambient temperature of — 3 ± 1 oC;
the fan must have a capacity of 0·07 to 0·10 m3/min at 0·5 mbar static pressure;
six steam outlet holes of 6·3 mm diameter must be provided round the top of the generator;
the generator must be calibrated at — 3 ± 1 oC to give readings for each 70 ± 5 g/h output up to a maximum of n times this figure, where n is the number of seating positions designated by the manufacturer.
Component | Dimensions | Material |
---|---|---|
Nozzle | (a) Length 10 cm (b) Inside diameter 1·5 cm | Brass |
Dispersion chamber | (a) Length 11·5 cm (b) Diameter 7·5 cm (c) Six holes of 0·63 cm evenly spaced 2·5 cm above bottom of the chamber | Brass pipe of 0·38 mm wall thickness |
See page 1 of this Official Journal.
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